2024-2025学年高中英语课时分层作业12Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅢⅣ含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-课时分层作业(十二)SectionⅢ、Ⅳ(建议用时：35分钟)[语言学问练习固基础]Ⅰ.语境填词A)依据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列语句中所缺单词的正确形式1．Theearthquakecauseddamage(损害)topropertyestimatedat$6billion.2．I'mfrightened(胆怯 )ofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.3．Isincerelyhopethisprogramwillbesuccessfulandpeopleherewillbenefitfromit.4．Makeanoutline(提纲)beforeyoustartwriting.5．Agoodcyclist(自行车骑手)cancoverdistancesofoverahundredmilesaday.B)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式6．Veryquickly，shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthantojudge(judge)everythingsoharshly(苛刻地)．7．Havingheardthebadnews，heleftwithoutexpression(express)．8．AbrahamLincolnisknownasoneofthegreatestpresidentsoftheUSA.9．Thegirlwaspleasedtolearn(learn)thatshegotthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontest!10．Ifeelhonoured(honour)toattendthismeetingandgiveaspeech.Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空1．SomecountrieswhosenamesIhadneverheardofbeforewereshownonthemap.2．Anyonewho/thatfailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.3．Allthatweneedisenoughrestafterlonghours'work.4．OnthetrainIsawagirlwho/whom/thatIthoughtwasyoursister.5．Maybeyouhaveahabitthat/whichisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.[高考题型练习提实力]Ⅰ.阅读理解AEveryyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.InSeptember，1923，TokyoandYokohamawerebothdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthatfollowedit.Theyhadtobecompletelyrebuilt.OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.Wemeasureanearthquake'sstrengthontheRichterScale.TheRichterScalewasintroducedin1935inSouthernCaliforniaintheUSA.Itmeasuresearthquakesonascaleofonetoten.Anyearthquakemeasuringfiveormoreisusuallyserious.TheEarth'scrust(地壳)ismadeupofrockcalledplates.Astheseplatesmove，theysometimescrash(撞)againsteachother，causingthecrusttoquake.IncitiessuchasTokyo，wheresmallquakeshappenquiteoften，manymodernbuildingsaredesignedtobeflexiblesowhentheEarthmoves，theymovewithit.Earthquakescanalsobreakupgasandoilpipes.Thiscancausefiretobreakout，whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeitself.Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis(海啸)．Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.Theycanbemanymetreshighandcausegreatdamagetocoastaltownsandcities.China，Japan，RussiaandtheUSAhavethehighestoccurrence(发生)ofearthquakesintheworld.【语篇解读】中国和日本在历史上都曾发生过剧烈的大地震，地震会给人类带来什么样的危害呢？1．Thepassageismainlyabout．A．scientistswhostudytheearthquakesB．ausualnaturaldisasterC．thewayofmeasuringearthquakesD．whatpeopleshoulddointheearthquakesB[主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了地震这种自然灾难，在世界各地，其实每年都会发生成百上千次地震，故选B。]2．TheearthquakeinShanxiProvince，whichisNOTtrue?A．happenedin1556B．killedalmostonemillionpeopleC．wastheonlyearthquakeinChinaD．causedalotofdamageC[细微环节理解题。从第一段最终两句“OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.”可知C项错误。]3．Earthquakes．A．happenallovertheworldB．arenotseriousC．mostpossiblyhappeninJapanD．don'tcausemuchdamageA[细微环节理解题。通过全文以及常识可知B、C、D三项错误，由短文第一句“Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.”可知A项正确。]4．Accordingtothepassage，weknowthattsunamis．A．cancauseearthquakesB．arecausedbyearthquakesC．onlyhappenonlandD．areawayofmeasuringearthquakesB[细微环节理解题。从末段第三句“Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis(海啸)．”可知B项正确。]BStandinginthemiddleofayardcrowdedwithsoldiers，LuoMing，a31­year­oldteamleaderoftheSichuanEmergencyResponseVolunteerGroup，seesathreat(威逼)nearlyasbigastheearthquakethatstruckWesternChina'smountainousareaonSaturday：toomanyvolunteers.“Thevolunteershavecreatedacertainkindofdisasterthemselves，”hesays，obviouslytiredduetonosleepin48hours，“Therearemorevolunteersthanearthquakevictims.Theyhavenoplacetosleep，andnothingtoeat，andmostofthemhavenoexperienceortraining.”Mr.Luoisinchargeatthevolunteerregistration(登记)tentatthetowncentreofLongmen，wheretheearthquakehasleftthousandsofpeoplewithoutshelter，foodandwaterforthreedays.Hehasregisteredmorethan500volunteers，buthehasturnedevenmorethanthataway.“Forsomepeople，thebiggesthelpthattheycandofordisasterareasisgobackwheretheycamefromsafely，”hesays.Authoritiesaretryingtomakesurethatnomorevolunteersshowup.Beijingannouncedabanonprivatevolunteersandcivilsocietygroupsenteringthedisasterareaforthetimebeing，andseveraluniversitiesinSichuanissuednoticestotheirstudentsaskingthemnottotraveltotheearthquakeareasandencouragingthemtodonatebloodinstead.Oneofthereasonsforthegovernment'sdecisionistransportationdifficulty：alargenumberofrescuevehiclesandheavycartrafficmaketheroadsimpassable.Ononestretch(一片地域)betweenLongmenandTaiping，trafficwassobadonSundaymorningthataninjuredwomanwastakenoutoftheambulance，whichwasstuckintraffic，andcarriedbyherhusbandonhisbacktoseekmedicalattention.【语篇解读】文章介绍了四川地震时志愿者给灾区造成的困扰。5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofLuoMingaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisasoldier.B．Heisinhisforties.C．Heisoverworking.D．Hehasnothingtoeat.C[细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“‘Thevolunteershavecreatedacertainkindofdisasterthemselves，’hesays，obviouslytiredduetonosleepin48hours”可知C项正确。]6．Whyaremorevolunteersbannedfromenteringthedisasterareas?A．Theycannotgiveanyhelpatall.B．Theybringmoretroublethanhelp.C．Theyrefusetodonatetheirblood.D．Theymaketheearthquakeevenworse.B[推理推断题。依据文章其次段中的“Forsomepeople，thebiggesthelpthattheycandofordisasterareasisgobackwheretheycamefromsafely”和最终一段的叙述可推知B项正确。]7．Themanhadtocarryhisinjuredwifeonhisbacktofindadoctorbecause．A．theambulanceshehadbeeninwasstuckintrafficB．herinjurywastooseriousforhertobecarriedinanyvehicleC．aroadaccidentmadeitimpossiblefortheambulancetogoonD．hethoughtitthebestwaytohelpherdearwifeA[细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段中的“...trafficwassobadonSundaymorningthataninjuredwomanwastakenoutoftheambulance，whichwasstuckintraffic，andcarriedbyherhusbandonhisbacktoseekmedicalattention”可知A项正确。]8．What'sthebesttitleforthenewsitem?A．EarthquakeLeftThousandsHomelessB．EarthquakeVolunteersCreateChallengeC．LuoMing，aHard­workingTeamLeaderD．TransportationDifficultyinDisasterAreasB[标题归纳题。依据对整篇文章的理解可知，本文主要讲的是四川地震灾区的志愿者给灾区造成的困扰，所以B项最适合用作本文标题。]Ⅱ.短文改错Ihaveahappyfamily.Thoughwearenotrich，butIlovemyhomeverymuch.Myfatherwasanengineer.Heoftenworklateintothenight,andhelikesreadverymuch.Ihaveakindmotherwhichisaprimaryschoolteacher.Shelovesherstudentandherjobverymuch.Besidesthis,hehastodoalmostallthehousework.Sosheisthebusieroneinourfamily.Intheevening,weusuallysitinmyparents