2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5Whatanadventure泛读技能初养成教案外研版必修第三册

PAGE9-Unit5Whatanadventure阅读Reading2的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whowasfoundworkingontheterriblecreaturewasasubmarine?A．PierreAronnax，thebiologistprofessor.B．NemoLand，thecaptain.C．Conseil，theservant.D．NedLand，thewhalehunter.2．Whywouldthethreepassengersstayinthesubmarine?A．Tokeepthesecret.B．Toenjoymoreunderseascenes.C．TohelpthecaptainNemo.D．Totakemoreadventuresthere.3．WhywasNeddifferentfromtheothertwopassengers?A．Heenjoyedtheadventuresmost.B．Hethoughtofrunningaway.C．Hewasinchargeofthesubmarine.D．Hewasattackedbytheterriblecreature.4．WhatwerenotdescribedinthewordsofAronnax?A．Thesolarrayinthesea.B．Thesandunderthesea.C．Thecoloroftheseawater.D．Thetemperatureofthesea.[答案]1－4BABDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)chargen．主管，负责(教材P57)Theyarecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine，wheretheymeetthemanincharge，CaptainNemo.他们被俘虏并被带进潜艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人尼莫船长。[例1]Shehaschargeoftheday­to­dayrunningofthebusiness.她负责掌管日常业务。[例2]Theylefttheoldcoupleinchargeofthechildrenforaweek.他们把孩子留给这对老夫妇照料一周。[造句]他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。Hewasinchargeofthefarmafterhisfather'sdeath.[学问拓展]inchargeof 负责inthechargeofsb.＝insb.'scharge 由某人负责takechargeof 负责[即学即练]单句语法填空①Anexperiencedmechanicisinchargeofthemanagementoftheworkroom.②Intheabsenceofthemanager，Ishallbeinchargeofthecompany.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)permitv．允许，准许，许可(教材P57)Inordertokeepthissecret，CaptainNemotellshisthreenewestpassengersthattheyarenotpermittedtoleavethesubmarine.为了保守他的隐私尼莫船长告知他的三个新访客，不许离开潜水艇。[例1]Thereisawideroadleadingthroughthepark，butnobodyispermittedtowalkontheroad.有一条宽敞的道路穿过这个公园，但不允许任何人在路上走。[例2]Theyweretakentothepolicestationastheyhadenteredtheareawithoutbeingpermitted.他们被带到派出所，因为未经允许他们进入了该区域。[造句]没有大人的陪伴，孩子不允许进入电影院。Childrenarenotpermittedtoenterthecinemawithouttheirparents.[学问拓展]permitdoingsth. 允许做某事permitsb.todosth. 允许某人做某事permitn. 许可证permissionn. 允许；许可[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden，weatherpermitting(permit)．②Ifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom，youshouldaskfortheteacher'spermission(permit)．[小片段填空]Herfatherwouldnotpermithertodrivealoneeventhoughshehadgotherdrivingpermit．Withoutherfather'spermission，shehadnochoicebuttogooutbybusoronabike.她父亲不允许她单独驾车，即使她已经取得了驾照。没有她父亲的允许，她别无选择只好坐公交出门或者骑自行车。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)leaveanimpressionuponsb.给某人留下印象(教材P57)Andnow，howcanIlookbackupontheimpressionleftuponmebythatwalkunderthewaters？现在，我怎么回顾一下在水下行走给我留下的印象呢？[例1]Ihopemysonwouldleaveagoodimpressionuponthejudges.我希望我的儿子能给评委留下好的印象。[例2]Iadmitthatitwillleaveadeepimpressionupontheaudience'smind，butit'stooexpensivetomakeTVcommercials.我知道电视广告会给观众留下深刻的印象，但是电视广告太贵了。[造句]他在昨天会议上所说的话给我留下深刻印象。Whathesaidatthemeetingyesterdayleftadeepimpressionuponme.[学问拓展]impressvt. 使印象深刻；使……牢记beimpressedby/with... 为……所感动；对……有印象impressionn. 印象make/leavea(n)...impressionon/uponsb. 给某人留下……的印象impressiveadj. 给人印象深刻的；感人的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Whatimpressed(impress)memostwashisfriendlyandenthusiasticattitudetowardsallthecustomers.②Iwouldreturnfromschoolandspendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday'sevents，feelings，andimpressions(impress)inmylittlebluediary.[小片段填空]Toleaveagoodimpressionintheinterview，Bobmadeupamostimpressivestoryabouthimself，whichmadetheinterviewersreallyimpressed．为了在面试中留下好的印象，鲍勃编了一个令人印象深刻的关于自己的故事，这让面试官们印象深刻。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)astonishv．使惊讶，使惊异(教材P57)Thelight，whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean，astonishedmebyitspower.那光照亮了海面下三十英尺的土壤，它的力气使我惊讶。[例1]Itreallyastonishedusthatheappearedattheparty.他出现在宴会上，使我们感到惊异。[例2]Thenewsoffailureastonishedeveryoneintheroom.失败的消息使屋里的每个人都很惊异。[造句]他通过驾驶考试的消息让我们很惊讶。Thenewsthathepassedthedrivingtestastonishedusall.[学问拓展]astonishingadj. 人惊异的astonishedadj. 感到惊异的astonishmentn. 惊讶，惊异toone'sastonishment 令某人惊异的是[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wewerequiteastonished(astonish)atherquickreaction.②Tomyastonishment(astonish)，theyshouldhavefinishedthattaskinsuchashorttime.[小片段填空]Theastonishedlookonhisfacetoldusthathefeltastonishedtobeaskedsuchaquestion.Toourgreatastonishment，heansweredthequestionandacceptedthechallengingposition.Thatwasreallyastonishing．他脸上惊讶的表情告知我们被问到这样一个问题他很惊讶，令我们很惊讶的是，他回答了这个问题并且接受了这个具有挑战性的职位。这真是让人惊讶。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点5)surroundvt.围绕；环绕(教材P57)TrulythiswaterwhichsurroundedmewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth'satmosphere，butalmostasclear.事实上，环绕我的水不过是比地球大气层重的另一种空气，但几乎同样澄澈。[例1]Whenhelookedup，hesuddenlyfoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofteenagers.他抬头看时，突然发觉自己被一群青少年围住。[例2]Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccesslayintryingtosurroundmyselfwithcreativepeople.我渐渐意识到，胜利的关键在于试着让自己与有创意的人为伍。[造句]在澳大利亚，Jennifer有一段艰难的时间去适应新的环境。JenniferishavingahardtimegettingaccustomedtonewsurroundingsinAustralia.[学问拓展](1)surroundsb./sth.with/by... 使某人/某物被……包围(2)surroundingadj. 四周的n.四周的事物；环境(通常用复数形式)[即学即练]单句语法填空①PeoplesayChongqingisChina'smostbeautifulcity，surrounded(surround)bymountains.②Thetreessurrounding(surround)thetownwereplantedbythesoldierstenyearsago.[小片段填空]Asafamouspopstar，helovesbeingsurroundedbysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthesurroundingtowns.Andhealsolikesbeautifulsurroundingswithgreentreesandflowers，becausehecangetmuchmorepleasurefromnature.作为闻名的流行明星，他喜爱自己周边围围着那么多来自周边镇上来探望他的粉丝们。他也喜爱带有绿树红花的宜人环境，因为这样他能从大自然中获得更多的乐趣。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点6)accountfor说明/说明……的缘由；(数量上、比例上)占(教材P57)Thisdazzlingcarpet，reallyareflector，droveawaytheraysofthesunwithwonderfulintensity，whichaccountedforthevibrationwhichpassedthrougheveryatomofliquid.这条刺眼的地毯，事实上是一个反射器，以惊人的强度驱走了太阳光，这正好说明白穿过每一个液体原子的振动的缘由。[例1]Hecouldnotaccountforhisabsencefromschool.他无法说清晰为什么旷课。[例2]Togethertheyaccountforlessthanfivepercentofthepopulation.他们总共占不到总人口的5%。[造句]你如何说明一连输了五场竞赛呢?Howdoyouaccountforlosingfivegamesinarow?[学问拓展]onaccountof 由于，因为onnoaccount 决不(位于句首，主句要部分倒装)takeoaccount 考虑；顾及；留意[即学即练]单句语法填空①Onnoaccountshouldyouleavethedoorunlocked.②Theflightwaspostponedonaccountofbadweather.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)asif＋从句(教材P57)ConseilandIremainedneareachother，asifanexchangeofwordshadbeenpossiblethroughourmetalcases.康赛尔和我保持着比较近的距离，仿佛通过我们的金属箱可以进行语言沟通。句式分析：asif引导方式状语从句，表示“似乎”，也可以替换成asthough。[例1]Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.我记得整个事情，就似乎它是发生在昨天。[例2]Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown­up.那个小孩跟我们讲话就像个大人一祥。[造句]他说起长城来似乎他以前去过那里似的。HetalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhehadbeentherebefore.[学问拓展](1)假如asif引导的从句只是表示一种假设的状况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，但假如从句的动作发生的可能性较大，就要用陈述语气。(2)asif引导状语从句时通常用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，从句谓语要用过去式；与过去事实相反，从句谓语要用haddone；与将来事实相反，从句谓语要用would/could/mightdo。(3)假如asif引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词等成分，这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)或动词­ing形式等。[翻译]①Itseemsasifnothinghadhappened．(啥事也没发生)②Itlooksasifitwillrainbeforelong．(一会儿就要下雨了)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wehavemissedthebus；itlooksasifwewillhave(have)towalk.②Hetalksasifheknew(know)everything.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)介词＋关系代词的定语从句(教材P57)Inolongerfelttheweightofmyclothes，orofmyshoes，ofmyairsupply，ormythickhelmet，insidewhichmyheadshooklikeanutinitsshell.我再也感觉不到我的衣服、鞋子、空气供应的重量，也感觉不到我厚厚的头盔的重量，我的头在头盔里摇得像壳里的坚果。句式分析：该句是复合句，其中的insidewhich引导非限制性定语从句，which代指前面的helmet，其结构是“介词＋关系代词＋从句”。[例1]Look，therecomesTom，forwhomIhavewaitingforanhour.瞧，汤姆来啦，我等他等了一个小时。[例2]Lastweek，IvisitedShanghai，inwhichIhavemadeseveralfriends.上周我参观了上海，在那儿我交了几个挚友。[造句]我的房子前有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。Infrontofmyhouse，thereisatree，inwhichsomebirdsaresinging.[学问拓展](1)介词＋whom只能指人；介词＋which只能指物。(2)有时，前面的介词可移到定语从句的中间或后面，此时whom可用who，that代替；which可以用that代替。而且who，whom，which，that都可省略。(3)当先行词是时间、地点、缘由时，介词＋which一般在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、缘由状语，介词＋which可以分别用when，where，why代替。[翻译]①Themanwhoyoutalkedwithjustnowisourmanager.(你刚才与他谈话的)②Iwillrememberthedayforeveronwhich/whenIwonthefirstplaceinthecontest.(那一天)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hehandedmeapen，withwhichIwrotedownmyaddressforhim.②ThecomputerforwhichIpaid5，000yuanismadeinShenzhen.词义揣测题提分技巧：词义揣测题是考查学生对文章的前后联系的理解。因为语言表达总是依据肯定的逻辑关系绽开的，依据语言的内在逻辑关系可以粗略地推断诞生词词义或大致义域。对我们揣测词义帮助最大的逻辑关系有并列关系、转折关系和因果关系等。英语中可以运用also，as...as，similarly，and，or，justas，like等词语表示相同或者相近的意思，这种表示并列的关系中，只要我们相识其中一个单词，就可以推想出另一个单词的意思。并列、因果、递进、例证、转折或对比等逻辑关系都具有推理的必定性，因此运用逻辑关系推理的词义精确率会比较高；逻辑关系的推断须要平常多关注句式的逻辑关系，形成对逻辑关系词的敏感感知实力，快速有效地推断语句和词汇的关系和意义。[典例](2024·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解D节选)...Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive，thetablesareturned．Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch33．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.A[本题考查对文章中一句话的理解，属于广义的词义揣测题。画线词前面的句子说明白一些植物散发出气味意在吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是攻击者的天敌。在这一句后面，又运用了一句同义并列的句子来对其进行说明，依据后一句话的意思“正在吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐”可以知道，画线句子是指攻击者受到了它的天敌的攻击，故选A。][即学即练]依据文章内容快速推断出划线单词的含义。Youdashthroughacrowdedrailwaystation，trippingoverbags，spilling(泼出)yourcoffee，onlytohavethedoorsslideshutinyourface，leavingyoubreathlessontheplatformasthetrainpullsaway.Butatleast，ifyou'reinFrance，someonemaybeplayingthepianoforyou.Butitwon'tbeperformedbyapaidmusician，orevenastreetentertainerplayingforcoins.Itwilljustbearandompasser­by，jammingforthefunofitononeofthepianosthatthenationalrailroadcompany，S.N.C.F.，hasfixedinnearly100stationsacrossFrance.Theyarefreeforanyonetoplay，andtravelersfromallwalksoflifehavetakentodoingjustthat.Gares&Connexions，theS．N.C.F.divisionthatmanagesitsstations，rentstheinstrumentsfromtheproducer，Yamaha，whichmaintains(修理)themandtunesthemeverymonthortwo.ThefirstonewassetupintheGareMontparnasseinParisin2012.Themusic，mixedwiththesoundsofshouting