江苏省锡山2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案无听力原文及音频）

江苏省锡山2024—2025学年度第一学期期末考试高二英语试卷(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)第一部分：听力(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathasthewomanfinisheddoing?A.Choosinghermajor.B.Workingonthecomputer.C.Sendingherapplicationform.2.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Abag. B.Alaptop. C.Acar.3.Whenwillthemancheckout?A.Onthe16th. B.Onthe17th. C.Onthe18th.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Goingonvacation.B.Dealingwithsensitivities.C.Takingcareofthepet.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydoforthewoman?A.Cleanthetable. B.Helpwithherreport. C.Camrytheshopping.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatdidBarbarabegintodotwomonthsago?A.Dothegardening. B.Tidythebedrooms. C.Decoratethelivingroom.7.WhomightBrianbe?A.Barbara’sneighbor. B.Barbara’shusband. C.Barbara’sgardener.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Beforeordering. B.Duringameal. C.Afterameal.9.Whatdoweknowabouttherestaurant?A.Ithasaniceenvironment.B.Ithasanewaddress.C.Ithasagoodname.10.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Reportserviceissues.B.Complainaboutthemanager.C.Movetoalesscrowdedplace.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomancuriousabout?A.Whatlifecoachesdo.B.WhyMeldoesthequalification.C.WhetherMelisgoodatfixingproblems.12.Whatdoesthewomanhatedoing?A.Talkingaboutherfamilysituation.B.Analyzingpersonalproblems.C.Completingthehousework.13.Howcanthewomansolveherproblemaccordingtotheman?A.Byseekingcooperation.B.Bychangingherattitude.C.Bystartinganewroutine.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatinspiredTrenttostartclimbing?A.Apictureofmountains.B.Atelevisiondocumentary.C.Abiographyofaclimber.15.WhatwasTrent’sfeelingduringhisfirstbigclimbing?A.Nervousness. B.Confidence. C.Amazement.16.WhydidTrentdecidetoclimbthesevenpeaks?A.Toovercomehisfear.B.Torealizehislong-helddream,C.Toraisemoneyforhisgrandpa.17.WhatmadeTrentspecialamongtheclimberstothesevenpeaks?A.Hewasaccompaniedbyhisgrandpa.B.Heclimbedsnow-coveredmountains.C.Hewasyoungerthananyotherclimber.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidBohlindoinhisfirstjob?A.Hetaughtatacollege.B.Hedesignedaircraft.C.Heproducedcars.19.Whendidthefirstmodemcarseatbeltappear?A.In1942. B.In1958. C.In1959.20.Whichcountrywasthefirsttointroducecarseatbeltlaws?A.Japan. B.Australia C.France.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,foodpricesincreasedby0.4%fromMarchtoApril2024.AndsinceApril2023,theyareupasharp3.4%.Tofightinflation(通货膨胀)andhelpshopperssavemoney,Targetannouncedthatitwillbecuttingcostsonessentialitemsthroughoutthesummer.Whichproductswillseelowerprices?Target’spricereductionswillhit5,000itemsinkeydepartments,includinggroceriesandhouseholdessentials.Accordingtothecompany’spressrelease,groceryitemssuchasmilk,meat,freshproduce,yogurt,andcoffeewillseedecreasedpricing.Additionally,Targetwillreducepricesonhouseholdessentialssuchasbabyoil,papertowelsandfeedingbottles.HowmuchisTargetloweringprices?Targetisnotofferingflat-rateoracross-the-boardpricecuts,whichmeansnewpricingisspecifictoeachitemandnotbasedonacertainpercentage.AccordingtothelistedpricesinTargetstoresandonline,decreaseswillbebetween20centsand$1.Forexample,abagofGood&GatherRoastedNutsdroppedfrom$6.89to$5.99,andapackageofPurinaCatFoodwentfrom$2.39to$1.99.Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer?WhileTargetisadvertisingthesepricecutsasameanstohelpshopperssavethissummer,thesedealswillcontinueafterAugust.ATargetrepresentativehasconfirmedthatthesearetheneweverydaylowprices,whichwillhelpoutshoppers’walletsformanyseasonstocome.Whatelsedoshoppersneedtoknow?WhilethereareplentyofTargetsavingshacks(妙招),oneofthebestistakingadvantageofTargetCircledeals.Shopperscansaveanextra5%ontheirpurchasesiftheypayusingtheTargetCircleCard.21.WheremayweseethepricecutsinTarget?A.BabyCareSection. B.ToyLandSection.C.OutdoorLivingSection. D.OfficeSuppliesSection.22.WhichpartexplainsthetimingoftheTargetpricecuts?A.Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer? B.HowmuchisTargetloweringprices?C.Whatelsedoshoppersneedtoknow? D.Whichproductswillseelowerprices’?23.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.TosaveTarget. B.Topromoteluxuries.C.Tofightinflation. D.Toinformcustomers.BMybirthwasalittlemoredramaticthanthestandardwayababyenterstheworld.Iwasbornmissingmylefthand,Indeed,mylimbdifferencecouldhavebeenadisasterifithadn’tbeenforwhathappenednext,Anurseplacedmeinmymother’sarmsandinstructed,“Youwilltakeherhome.Youwillloveherandtreatherasnormal.”Thatisexactlywhathappened.Iplayedsports,actedintheater,excelledinschoolandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidgetsomestaresand“polite”questionsaboutmydisability,IwasluckybecauseIwasn’tmadefunofforit.However,thatfactthatIwasdifferenthitmehardmyfirstdayofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-consciousandtheneedtofitinisintensified.Irememberoneoftheotherkidsontheschoolbusstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm,Ifeltasuddenurgetohidemyhand,soIslippeditintomypocket.ItoldmyselfthatI’djusthideitthatoneday,whileIwastryingtomakefriends.Butonedayofhidingturnedintoaweek,amonth,andyears—25ofthemtobeexact.WhenIwas38yearsold,tiredofhidingandlonely,Imetsomeonespecialandinvitedhimin.ThecombinationofmefinallyfeelingreadytounhideandhiswillingnesstogothroughtheunhidingprocesswithmewasexactlywhatIneeded.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyholdmylimb,lookatit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Isawmylimbdifferenceassomethinguniqueaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Itwasatransformationalexperience,andIlearnedtolovemetoo.ItchangedhowIlivedmyentirelifeandmademehappier.IalsodiscoveredandjoinedtheLuckyFinProject,anorganisationdevotedtopeoplewithalltypesofdisabilities.Hidingthings,especiallyfromlovedones,istiringandlonely,anditpreventsusfromgettinghelpandsupport.It’stimetochangethat.24.Whatwastheauthor’schildhoodlike?A.Shehadnosocialinteractionswithfriends.B.Shewasraisedwithcareandtreatednormally.C.Shefacedsomechallengesinschoolactivities.D.Shewasupsetabouttheattentiontoherdifference.25.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenshewas13yearsold?A.Shebegantoignoreherdisability.B.Shesufferedprejudicefromsomekids.C.Shestartedhidingherselfawayfromfriends.D.Shebecamesensitiveduetoherself-awareness.26.Howdidtheauthorchangewhenshestoppedhiding?A.Shestartedtoopenupandbeherself.B.Shemetsomeonewhocuredherdisability.C.Shewasfedupwiththecompanyofothers.D.Shereducedinvolvementinthedisabilitygroup.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Misfortuneisagoodteacher.B.Disabilityisnotabarriertosuccess.C.Self-acceptancecanleadtoself-love.D.Nothingbeatsthefeelingofbeingloved.CAmaninalabcoatbendsunderadimlightwithtighteyeslookingatamicroscope.Timeisshort,thepays-offarehigh,andonlythisscientistcansaveeveryone.Thatkindofromanticizedpictureofsciencewasstandardforalongtime.Butit’sfarfromthetruth.Somescientistssearchforthecausesofsomeobservableeffects,suchasthelinkbetweendestroyedforestsandEarth’stemperatureincrease.Othersmayinvestigatethe“what”ratherthanthe“why”ofthings.Forexample,ecologistsbuildmodelstoestimategraywolfabundanceinMontanaUS.It’simpracticaltospotthemallandcountthem.Abundancemodelsarenot100percentaccurate,buttheyofferestimatesthatseemgoodenoughtosetharvestingquotas(限额)andmaintaintheecosystem.Beyondthe“what”andthe“why”,scientistsmayfocusonthe“how”.Forinstance,thelivesofpeoplelivingwithillnessescanbeimprovedbyresearchonhowtorelievesymptoms,evenifthetruecausesoftheirdisordersarelargelyunknowntocurrentmedicine.Peopleoftenthink“realscience”shouldprovidedefinite,completeandperfectanswerstotheirquestions.However,givenvariouslimitationsandtheworld'scomplexity,keepingmultipleperspectivesinplayisoftenthebestwayforscientiststoreachtheirgoalsandsolvetheproblemsathand.Intheworldofscience,healthydisagreementisafeature,notabug.Scienceisasocialprocessinwhichthecommunity’sscrutiny(监督)ensureswehavethebestavailableknowledge.“Bestavailable”doesnotmean“definitive”,butthebestwehaveuntilwefindouthowtoimproveit.Thelonghistoryofatomism(原子论)showsbowscienceisaprocessratherthanafastdeliveryofresultssetinstone.AsscientistJeanBaptistePerrinconductedhis1908experimentsthatseeminglysettledalldiscussionregardingatoms,questionsabouttheatom’spropertieswereabouttosparkdecadesofcontroversywiththebirthofquantum(量子)physics.Similardiscussionscontinuetothepresentday.So,realscienceisacollective,imperfectandmany-sidedprocessinwhichscientistscontributemultipleandoftenpartialsolutionstocomplexanddiverseproblems.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthearticle?A.Bydescribingascientificresearchprocess.B.Bytellingascientist’spersonalexperience.C.Bygivinganexampleofscientificfailure.D.Bypresentingacommonmisconception.29.Whatdoparagraphs2-3mainlytalkabout?A.Thechallengesfacedbyscientists.B.Thehistoryofscientificresearch.C.Themethodsscientistsusetoshareresults.D.Thevariousfocusesofscientistsintheirresearch.30.Whatistheauthor’sviewonhealthydisagreementsinscience?A.Theyareessentialforscientificprogress.B.Theycreateconfusionanddelayconclusions.C.Theyindicateproblemsinscientificmethods.D.Theyoftenleadtotherejectionofoldtheories.31.WhydoestheauthormentionJeanBaptistePerrin’sexperimentsandthesubsequentdebate?A.Toshowscienceisacollectionoffacts.B.Toprovescientificknowledgeisalwaysabsolute.C.Toillustratescienceisadynamicandevolvingprocess.D.Toshowscientificconclusioncanbereachedafterdiscussion.DTheancientRomansarewell-knownfortheirengineeringtechniques,notablydemonstratedthroughtheconstructionofaqueducts(高架渠)andtheuseofpozzolanicconcrete(混凝土).Thepropertiesofthisconcretehavegenerallybeencreditedtoitsingredients:pozzolana(amixofvolcanicash)andlime(石灰).Whenmixedwithwater,thetwomaterialscanreacttoproducestrongconcrete.In2023,aresearchteamfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)uncoverednewfindingsregardingthecompositionandmixingtechniquesofRomanconcrete.Traditionally,thepresenceofsmalllimeclasts(碎屑)intheconcretewasduetopoormixing,butthatdidnotmakesensetoAdmirMasic,ascientistofMIT.“IftheRomansputsomucheffortintomakinganoutstandingconstructionmaterial,followingallofthedetailedrecipesthathadbeenoptimizedoverthecourseofmanycenturies,whywouldtheyputsolittleeffortintoensuringtheproductionofawell-mixedfinalproduct?Therehastobemoretothisstory.”Toinvestigatefurther,MasicandtheteamanalyzedancientconcretesamplesfromPrivernum,Italy,usingadvancedimagingtechniques.Theirfindingschallengetheconventionalbeliefthatslakedlime(熟石灰)wastheprimaryingredient.Instead,itappearsthattheRomansmayhaveusedquicklime(生石灰)mixeddirectlywithpozzolanaandwaterathightemperatures,aprocesstermed“hotmixing”.Thismethodnotonlyproduceduniquehigh-temperaturecompoundsbutalsoacceleratedcuringandsittingtime,facilitatingquickerconstruction.Asignificantadvantageofthishotmixingprocessistheself-healingcharacteristicsgivenbythelimeclasts.Whencracksdevelop,waterseepsinandinteractswiththeclasts,whicharelargerinsurfaceareathansurroundingparticles.Thisreactiongeneratescalcium-richsolutionsthathardenintocalciumcarbonate,effectivelysealingthecracks.ThisphenomenonhasbeenobservedinotherancientRomanstructures,reconfirmingthedurabilityoftheirconcrete.TheMITteamconductedexperimentsusingbothancientandmodernconcreterecipeswithquicklime,findingthatthequicklimeconcretecompletelyhealedwithintwoweeksaftercracking,whilecontrolsampleswithoutquicklimeremaineddamaged.Withtheseinsights,researchersaimtodevelopmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyanddurableconcreteoptions,potentiallyrevolutionizingmodernconstructionpractices.32.WhatmisconceptionaboutRomanconcretedidMasicchallenge?A.Volcanicashwastheprimaryingredient.B.AncientRomanstructureswerenotdurable.C.Presenceoflimeclastsindicatedinadequatemixing.D.Romansmerelyusedvolcanicashandlimefortheirconcrete.33.Whatdoes“hotmixing”involve?A.Mixingmaterialsatlowtemperatures.B.Usingslakedlimeonlyinthemixture.C.Addingwatertoquicklimeathightemperatures.D.Combiningquicklime,volcanicashandwaterathightemperatures.34.Whatdoestheresearchimplyformodernconstructionpractices?A.Limeshouldnotbecontainedinmodernconcrete.B.Moderntechniquesfordurabilitycanbeemployed.C.Quicklimecanbeusedtoreduceconstructiontime.D.Sustainableanddurableconcretealternativesareneeded.35.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheSecretsofRomanConcreteB.TheRoleofEngineersinAncientRomeC.TheImportanceofAqueductsinRomanArchitectureD.ModernConstructionTechniquesInspiredbyAncientRome第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,electronicwaste,ore-waste,hasbecomeasignificantenvironmentalconcern.AccordingtotheGlobalE-wasteStatisticsPartnership(GESP),arecord53.6milliontonnesofe-wastewasproducedgloballyin2019,increasing21%injustfiveyears.By2050,thevolumeofe-wastecouldtop120milliontonnesannually.36Theimproperdisposalofitposesseriousthreatstotheenvironmentandhumanhealthbecauseofthepresenceofharmfulmaterialssuchasleadandmercury.37Itisduetotheirrapidlydevelopingbodies,includingtheirrespiratory(呼吸的),immuneandcentralnervoussystems.Luckily,manycountriesareturningtotacklethee-wastechallenges.Theycommittospecializinginrefurbishing(翻新)electronics,makingthemavailabletoconsumersatalowercost.38Bydoingso,valuablematerialssuchasgold,silver,andcoppercanbeextractedfromelectronicdevices,reducingtheneedforminingnewresources.Meanwhile,individualscanalsocontributetoe-wastedisposalbybeingmindfuloftheirelectronicconsumption.39Supportelectronicmanufacturerscommittedtogreentechnologiesaimingforasustainablecycleofproduction.Additionally,toensurethesafeandsecuredisposalofallsensitiveinformation,prioritizingdatasecurityine-wastedisposalisnecessary.40Doremembertoreducetheenvironmentalimpactsofelectronicproductsandshareagreenerandmoresustainablefuture.A.Itiseverysmallactionthatcounts.B.Preventionandmanagementareneeded.C.Recyclingeffortshavealsobecomeakeycomponent.D.Thisincludesbuyingqualityproductsthatlastlonger.E.Childrenandpregnantwomenareespeciallyvulnerable.F.However,currentlyonly17.4%ofitisrecycledresponsibly.G.Onlyasmallpercentageofe-wastehasbeenrecycledglobally.第三部分：语言运用(共四节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。“You’reacornerperson?I’macornerperson,too!”myfriendsaidwithasmileashe41mycorner-housedriveway.Whilemanypeopleavoidcornerlots,Iactually42theideaofacornerhouse.Youcanenrichthelivesofneighbor’sandpassers-bybycreating43.Overtheyears,I’vegrownmanydifferentherbs(香草),inpotsandcontainersattheedgeofmydriveway.44walkbyandstoptotakeafewfortheirdinnerplans,andlatertheymay45givemeaservingofthe46product.Theherbideahasledtomany47aswellasChristmasgifts.Ialsobegananewspaper48outthefrontyearsago.Afterreadingthepapersmyself,Iputthemoutonalittletablewitha(n)49.“Helpyourselftoanewspaper.”Manycomeforthepapers.I’veevenheardpeople50atwhattimemypaperswillbeoutonthetable.EveryChristmasevening,my“cornerperson”friendwouldcreateamagical51windowinhisneighborhood,whichincludesaslideshowoftheseason’sfavoritemusicvideos.Aspeoplewalkbyhiscornerinthe52,theirlivesarebrightenedbythiscreativedisplayof53.Citiescanbringpeopletogether,andthecornerlotperson54thisbeautifully.Doyounow55tobeacornerperson?Let’smeetatmycornertodiscussfurther!41.A.turnedoff B.pulledinto C.checkedout D.shotpast42.A.welcome B.doubt C.review D.invent43.A.imaginations B.sales C.connections D.responsibilities44.A.Friends B.Hosts C.Relatives D.Neighbors45.A.even B.never C.always D.sometimes46.A.labeled B.delivered C.finished D.diversified47.A.acts B.jokes C.pictures D.conversations48.A.job B.story C.project D.experiment49.A.warning B.sign C.suggestion D.poster50.A.laugh B.estimate C.quarrel D.complain51.A.shop B.holiday C.car D.back52.A.morning B.afternoon C.darkness D.daylight53.A.joy B.generosity C.colors D.decorations54.A.paints B.remembers C.considers D.illustrates55.A.desire B.vote C.need D.volunteer第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheoriginsofliondancearebelievedtodatebackoverathousandyearsinChina.Traditionally56(perform)duringtheChineseNewYearandsignificantoccasions,thisartformisintendedtowardoffevilspiritsandinvitegoodfortune.57time,liondancehasemergedasaculturalbridge58(connect)diversecultures,throughasharedappreciationforits59(artist)beautyandsymbolicsignificance.ThestoryofKelvinTran,60participantinthe2024WorldChineseKingofLionDanceChampionship,reflectsthejourneyofculturalexchange.TrangrewupinaSydneyneighborhood61liondancingispopular.Attheageofeight,afamilyfriendintroducedhimtothepractice,markinghiscrucialstepintotheworldofliondance.Itwashisgreatenthusiasm62eventuallymadeTranco-foundaliondanceteamin2018.“Ourmembershiphasgrowntoover70people,63reflectsnotonlyanincreaseinnumbersbutalsothedeepeningofrelationshipsamongmembers,”henoted.“Iwouldn’tjustcallthemfriends;Icallthemfamily,”Tranemphasized,highlightinghowliondancehelpsbuildandstrengthencommunitytiesinAustralia.Despitenot64(award)the“LionDanceKing”,Tranwassatisfiedwith65histeamhadachieved.“Competingatsuchasignificantcompetitionisveryspecialandincrediblymeaningfultous,”Transaid.第三节单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)66.Itookwhathesaid__________(字面上),butafterwardsitbecameclearthathereallymeantsomethingelse.67.Theaudiencewatchedasthestory__________(展开)beforetheireyes.68.Usually,studentswhoreadagreatdealhaveabetter__________(学业的)performance.69.Outheway,theymetothertravelerswhohad__________(非故意地)providedwronginformation,70.Uponhisgraduationfromcollege,hefoundajobinan__________(保险)company.71.S__________aredoctorswhoaretrainedtoperformmedicaloperations.72.Ithasbecomeacommonbeliefthatmanandnatureshouldliveinh__________witheachother.73.Itissuggestedthatthegovernmentshouldmakelawstom__________theproductionanduseofdrones.74.Eventually,theman,whohadlosthisrighthandinanaccident,wase__________withanartificialone.75.Inthefuture,genomeeditingmightmakeitpossibletopreventdiseasesfromdevelopingbycorrectinga__________genesearlyon.第四节短语填空(共5小题；每小题5分，满分5分)throwsb.acurveball,keepsth.inperspectivethrowinthetowel,wrestlewith,boildownto76.Thecoachtoldhisdiscouragedplayers,“Don’tquitnow!It’snottime____________.”77.Ourmanager____________whensheaskedmetoleadtheteamtrainingthenextday.78.Theadvicethathegavemewasthattheseissuesshould_____________.79.Itwasimpossiblethentocarryouttheplanandtheproblem_____________onething:lackofmoney.80.Nobodyknewthatthebosshadspentthewholeweek_____________theproblem.第四部分：写作(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。December1952inWisconsin,wasbitterlycold.Acurious7-year-old,Iwasinhesitationwhenmyfatherarrivedhomefromworkwithsomethinghiddeninhisjacket.“GuesswhatIh