中考英语总复习语法知识第11节非谓语动词课件

中考语法知识第十一节非谓语动词广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年不定式※(expect…)tomake★(clothes)towear★what(todo)※(come)toenjoy※(toldher)totake★(liketo)drink※(need)toleave广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年省略to的不定式————动名词————命题趋向从近4年广东中考的情况来看，非谓语动词是必考点，考查的都是动词不定式。2024年考生备考时仍要重点掌握动词不定式，但同时要掌握分词、动名词和省略to的不定式的用法。中考说明从近4年的广东中考英语的考查情况来看，动词不定式是必考点，每年均考查1～2题，以短文填空和语法选择为主。主要考查动词不定式最基本的用法，

主要集中在对动词不定式作宾语及宾语补足语、动词不定式常用句型和搭配的考查上，2024年备考时要求熟练掌握动词不定式的各种用法。非谓语动词概述类型要点定义非谓语动词指不能独立作谓语，

但又具备动词的某些特征的动词形式类型要点特点没有人称和数的变化，

可以充当除谓语外其他的句子成分，

如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语或状语等，

起名词、形容词或副词的作用形式(1)由“to＋动词原形”构成的不定式；(2)由“动词原形＋-ing”构成的现在分词或动名词；(3)由“动词原形＋-ed”构成的过去分词(包括动词的不规则变化)考点一：动词不定式句子成分用法例句作主语动词不定式作主语时，

句子的谓语动词常用单数，

其位置有以下两种形式：(1)把不定式置于句首；(2)把不定式后置，

常用it作形式主语，

把真正的主语置于句后Todotheworkwellisnoteasy.Itisourdutytokeeptheenvironmentcleanandtidy.句子成分用法例句作宾语只能跟不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,want,wouldlike,decide,wish,choose,agree,ask,expect等；当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，

常用形式宾语it代替不定式，

把不定式置于补语之后，

即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋todoIhopetoseehimassoonaspossible.Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.句子成分用法例句作宾语补足语常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,tell,want,teach,help,invite,advise,encourage,like,waitfor等；谓语动词如果是使役动词make,let,have或表示感官的动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel等，后面复合结构中的不定式不带toPleaseaskhimtocomeherequickly.Theteacherwantsusalltobecomegoodpupils.Ididn’thearanyonesayanythingaboutit.句子成分用法例句作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；当主语是duty,wish,idea,job,dream,plan等词时，

作表语的非谓语动词常用不定式，

以说明主语的内容Toseeistobelieve.Ourplanistofinishtheworkinamonth.句子成分用法例句作定语不定式作定语时，

与其所修饰的名词有动宾关系。若动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，

还需加上必要的介词，

构成及物动词短语。不定式在句中作定语，

置于被修饰的名词或代词之后Thedoctorsaidhecoulddonothingtohelptheboy.ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashington.句子成分用法例句作状语不定式作状语时，

其逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致Wewenttothehospitaltoseeourteacher.I’msorrytotroubleyou.注意：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构的作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词tell,know,imagine,learn,decide,forget,remember,consider,understand等后面作宾语，

也可作主语、表语、同位语等。【针对练习】(

)1．(2023广州，4)Hewasnotfastenough________theworms(虫子)MamaBirdbroughtback.A．get B．gotC．getting D．togetD

(

)2．(2023南通，12)________healthy，we’vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.A．Keeping B．KeepC．Tokeep D．Tokeeping(

)3．Formorethanonce,ourheadteacherasksus________thehabitofkeepingadiary.A．develop B．developsC．developing D．todevelopC

D

(

)4．Hewasalwaysexpecting________anOscarandfinallyhemadeit.A．towin B．winningC．nottowin D．notwinning(

)5．Weadviseparents________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A．notleave B．nottoleaveC．leave D．toleaveA

B

考点二：动名词句子成分用法例句作主语动名词作主语时，

可以像动词不定式一样，

用形式主语it代替，

而把动名词置于句中或句尾Learningfromothersisimportant.It’snogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingit.句子成分用法例句作宾语(1)有些动词需用动名词来作宾语，

如mind,suggest等；(2)介词后接动名词作宾语Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.Whatabouthavingsomegrapes？句子成分用法例句作表语动名词作表语时相当于名词，

说明主语的含义及内容，

它与主语是同等关系Myhobbyisswimming.作定语动名词作定语时，

表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途Hesleptinthesleepingbag.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023广州，9)Whenhisbrothersandsisterswoke,LittleSixhadalreadyfinishedallhisexercises.Morningaftermorning，hepracticed________hiswings，andtheyweregettingstrongerandstronger.A．flap B．toflapC．flapping D．flappedC

(

)2．—HaveyoureadthebookJane

Eyre?—Yes.It’safamousbookandreallyworth________.A．toread B．readingC．toberead D．read(

)3．Martinwassobusy________aftertheoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A．looking B．lookedC．tolook D．lookB

A

(

)4．—Thanksfor________mewithmyEnglish.—It’smypleasure.I’mgladyou’vemadesuchgreatprogress.A．help B．tohelpC．helping D．helpedC

一、单项选择(

)1．(2023镇江，7)Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．startingC．started D．startA

(

)2．(2023扬州，6)Scienceismyfavoritesubject,soIhaveprepared________theSTEAMClub.A．join B．joiningC．tojoin D．tojoiningC

(

)3．(2023宿迁，7)—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang________usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That’swonderful!A．give B．togiveC．giving D．gaveB

(

)4．YunnanMuseumissuchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun________it.A．visiting B．tovisitC．visit D．visitedA

(

)5．—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I’msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned________Beijingalongtimeago.A．visit B．visitingC．tovisit D．visitedC

(

)6．—Doyouhaveanyplansfortheholiday?—Yes,I’mplanningtotraveltoJiuzhaigou.I’mlookingforwardto________thecolorfullakesandamazingwaterfalls.A．see B．seeingC．sees D．sawB

(

)7．Wearesupposed________somehouseworkwithourparentswhenwehavefreetime.A．toshare B．sharingC．shared D．share(

)8．Myparentsdon’tallowme________TVonschoolnights.A．towatch B．watchC．watches D．watchingA

A

(

)9．IliketheTVprogramThe

Readerbest.Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan________inoursparetime.A．read B．toreadC．reading D．reads(

)10．Theteachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A．notswim B．don’tswimC．notswimming D．nottoswimC

D

(

)11．Hetookoffhisexpensivewatch________thefactthathewasrich.A．tohide B．hidC．hide D．hidden(

)12．Itiswise________Lindatomakeuphermind________toplayaninstrument.A．for;learning B．for;tolearnC．of;learning D．of;tolearnA

D

(

)13．—Ihavetrouble________thenewword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstandC．understand D．understoodA

(

)14．Momlikes________soapoperas.Let’sbuyaTVforher.A．becoming B．watchingC．looking D．smellingB

(

)15．—Ihavedifficulty________English,Mr.Lee.—WhynotgototheEnglishCornerandtrytotalkwithothers?A．reading B．writingC．speaking D．listeningC

二、完成句子1．Itisourduty___________________________cleanandtidy.保持环境干净整洁是我们的职责。2．Ihope________________yousoon.我希望尽快收到你的来信。to

keep

the

environment

to

hear

from

3．Wecanalsorelaxourselvesby____________________ordoingsomesports.我们也可以通过听音乐或做一些运动来放松自己。4．Thepaintinghasalastingvalue,so__________________________.这幅画有着永恒的价值，因此它值得保存。listening

to

music

it’s

worth

keeping

5．_______________________________,wealsocollectedrecyclablewaste.为了节约资