计算机英语刘艺-王春生-第三版-课后答案第八章

UnitEight:ComputerNetworksUnitEight/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.MAN2.open;closed3.bus4.token5.Ethernet6.client/server7.equals;temporary8.networkII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.fileserver文件服务器2.carriersense载波检测，载波监听3.protocolsuite协议组，协议集4.peer-to-peermodel对等模型5.bustopologynetwork总线拓扑网络6.inter-machinecooperation机器间合作，计算机间合作7.Ethernetprotocolcollection以太网协议集8.proprietarynetwork专有网络9.utilitypackage实用软件包，公用程序包10.starnetwork星形网络11.局域网localareanetwork(LAN)12.令牌环tokenring13.无线网络wirelessnetwork14.封闭式网络closednetwork15.环形拓扑结构ringtopology16.客户机/服务器模型client/servermodel17.网络应用程序networkapplication18.进程间通信interprocesscommunication19.打印服务器printserver20.广域网wideareanetwork(WAN)III.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Computerscancommunicatewithothercomputersthroughaseriesofconnectionsandassociatedhardwarecalledanetwork.Theadvantageofanetworkisthatdatacanbeexchangedrapidly,andsoftwareandhardwareresources,suchashard-diskspaceorprinters,canbeshared.Networksalsoallowremoteuseofacomputerbyauserwhocannotphysicallyaccessthecomputer.Onetypeofnetwork,alocalareanetwork(LAN),consistsofseveralPCsorworkstationsconnectedtoaspecialcomputercalledaserver,oftenwithinthesamebuildingorofficecomplex.Theserverstoresandmanagesprogramsanddata.Aserveroftencontainsallofanetworkedgroup’sdataandenablesLANworkstationsorPCstobesetupwithoutlargestoragecapabilities.Inthisscenario(方案),eachPCmayhave“local”memory(forexample,aharddrive)specifictoitself,butthebulkofstorageresidesontheserver.ThisreducesthecostoftheworkstationorPCbecauselessexpensivecomputerscanbepurchased,anditsimplifiesthemaintenanceofsoftwarebecausethesoftwareresidesonlyontheserverratherthanoneachindividualworkstationorPC.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:在计算机科学中，网络是指由通信设备连接在一起的一组计算机及其相关设备。网络可采用电缆等永久性连接，或者采用通过电话或其他通信链路而实现的临时性连接。网络可以小到由少数计算机、打印机以及其他设备构成的局域网，也可以由分布在广大地理区域的许多小型与大型计算机组成。计算机网络无论大小，其存在的目的均在于为计算机用户提供以电子方式进行信息通信与传送的方法。有些类型的通信是简单的用户到用户消息；有些称为分布式过程，可能涉及数台计算机，以及在执行任务中分担工作量或进行协作。UnitEight/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.terminator2.sub-central3.tree;central4.meshII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.routingpath路由选择通路2.dual-ringtopology双环形拓扑结构3.extendedstartopology扩展星形拓扑结构4.backbonenetwork基干网，骨干网5.meshtopology网格拓扑结构6.同轴电缆coaxialcable7.逻辑拓扑结构logicaltopology8.无冲突连网环境collision-freenetworkingenvironment9.树形拓扑结构treetopology10.目的地节点destinationnodeUnitEight/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.repeater2.data-link3.gateway4.routerII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.destinationaddress目的地址2.performancedegradation性能退化（或降级）3.four