湖南省衡阳市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试卷

湖南省衡阳市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解阅读理解WritingCompetitionsforHighSchoolStudentsin2024OceanAwarenessWritingContestOceanAwarenessWritingContestprovidesaplatformforyoungpeopletounderstandenvironmentalissuesthroughartisticcreationandcreativethoughts,exploretheirrelationshipwiththechangingworld,andbecomeadvocatesofpositivechange.Competitiontime:ThedeadlineforsubmissionisJune10,2024.StudentscanuploadtheirsubmissionsstartingfromDecember24,2023.Suitableforstudents:Thecontestisaninternationalcompetition,whichisopentoanystudentaged11—18inmiddleorhighschool.·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsoldYoungAuthorsWritingCompetitionYoungAuthorsWritingCompetitionissponsoredbytheEnglishandCreativeWritingDepartmentatColumbiaCollegeChicago.Thecompetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.InthePoetrycategory,youmayenteruptotwofiles,buteachcanhave1—5poems.Competitiontime:ThedeadlineisJuly31,2024.Suitableforstudents:Opentostudentsingrades9—12worldwideLeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrizeLeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrizerecognizesoutstandingworksbystudentwritersinthe11thgradeintheU.S.orabroad.ContestjudgesarepoetsonthePrincetonUniversityCreativeWritingfaculty.Competitiondate:March26,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworldTheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContestTheNewYorkTimesinvitesstudentstoplaycriticsandwriteanoriginalreviewfortheirNewYorkTimesStudentReviewContest.StudentscanreviewanythingthatfitsintoacategoryofcreativeexpressionthatTheNewYorkTimescovers—fromarchitecturetomusic.Competitiondate:April6,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.1．HowmanycategoriesareincludedinYoungAuthorsWritingCompetition?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.2．Inwhichcompetitionareparticipantsgroupedbyage?A．OceanAwarenessWritingContest.B．YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition.C．LeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrize.D．TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest.3．Whatdothefourwritingcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Theyareinternationalcontests.B．Theyareorganizedbycolleges.C．Theyareintendedforallstudents.D．Theyareopentodifferentcategoriesofworks.阅读理解OmarVazquezgrewupinpovertyonMexico'sYucatanpeninsula.Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.Sargassumisnotdangerous,butithasanunpleasantsmellandcanbecomesothickthatitkeepspeoplefromenteringthewater.Mexicohasexperiencedrecord-settingamountsoftheseaweedinrecentyears,andithasmadeitswaytoFlorida'sbeachesaswell.Expertssaytherecouldbeasmuchas100tonsofsargassumblockingMexicanshorelinesin2023.Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.Theprofessionalgardenerorganizedabeachcleanupthatprovidedjobsforabout300localfamilies,butheknewtherewasmoretodo.Sincepeople'sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobecomeanagent(推动者)forchange.Whensargassumstartedarriving,everyonewascomplaining."Iwantedtomakesomethinggoodoutofsomethingeveryonesawasbad,"Omarexplained.In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablock-formingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.Todate,Omar'scompany,BluegreenMexico,hasused700tonsofsargassumtobuildlow-incomehousingforthoseinneed.Omarsaidhewouldtakeonmoreprojects,anddonatemorehousestosinglemotherslikehisownmom.4．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph1?A．Omar'sfamilyoftenassistedpeopleinneed.B．SargassumoriginatedontheCaribbeanbeaches.C．Omar'sexperienceinchildhoodhasinfluencedhimmuch.D．Omarhasmetalotofgenerouspeoplesincehewasyoung.5．Howdidmostpeoplereacttotheincreasingsargassum?A．Theydidn'ttakeitseriously.B．Theywereanxioustoclearitup.C．Theyvieweditasnewmaterials.D．Theywereexcitedtoseeagrandscene.6．WhichwordscanbestdescribeOmar?A．Honestandambitious. B．Strong-willedandconfident.C．Quick-thinkingandhumorous. D．Sympatheticandinnovative.7．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusthroughOmar'ssuccess?A．It'snevertoooldtolearn.B．Loveshineseverydarkcorner.C．Solutionscanbeobtainedfromproblems.D．Heroesarisefromhumblebeginnings.阅读理解Withartificialintelligence(AI)androbotictechnologyimprovingatimpressiverates,therearesomewhoworrythatthere'sariskofartisticandcreativepeoplebeingreplaced.AnewstudybytheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology,however,isshowingexactlywhythatcan'tandshouldn'thappen.ItallstartedwhentheSouthKoreancompanyposedthisquestion:Canrobotsreplaceconductors?Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自动化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.Itwasfinallytimetofigureouthowitcouldfollowthroughonitsmusicalrole."Wegotinvolvedinthisprojecttoseehowfarrobotscangoinmorecreativefieldslikethearts,andwhatthechallengesare,"Dong-wookLee,aseniorresearcherattheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnologysaid.Inordertopullthisoff,Dong-wookLeecooperatedwiththeBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.Topulloffthisimpressiveperformance,therobotwaspreprogrammedtoconductthrough30cyclesofbeatpatterns.Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即兴的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.Together,theypulledoffamasterfulperformancethattheaudienceseemedmorethanhappytohavehadtheopportunitytowitnessitfirsthand!Withtheconcerthavinggonesowell,thisisonlythestartofEverR6.Still,nomattertheimprovementsthey'reabletomaketothisAndroidrobot,thehumanconductorisn'tconcernedaboutbeingreplaced."Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."8．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThefunctionoftheEverR6robot.B．ThedevelopmentoftheEverR6robot.C．TheEverR6robot'sroleasaconductor.D．ThedifficultyindesigningtheEverR6robot.9．Whatcanbelearnedabout"Feel"?A．Itisapiecefamiliartotheaudience.B．Itisapieceshowingthehuman-robotcooperation.C．ItistheonlypiecethatEverR6willperform.D．Itisapiecerequiringgreatabilitytoconduct.10．WhatroledidSoo-yeolChoiplayintheperformance?A．Hecorrectedtherobot'smistakes.B．HeprogrammedtheEverR6robot.C．Heledtheimprovisationalsectionoftheperformance.D．HewasthemainconductoroftheBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.11．WhatisSoo-yeolChoi'sattitudetowardsEverR6?A．Unclear. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.阅读理解"Whatbeautifulmusic!"Ishoutloudlyasmy9-year-oldsonpracticesplayingtheviolin.He'susedtothispraise;Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe'sfinished.AmIabadmom?Conventionalwisdomsaysthatconsistencyiskeytoparentingsinceitenablesyourchildtopredicthowyou'llreact,leadingtogoodbehavior.Andit'struethatchildrenneedsomelevelofpredictabilityintheirlives,particularlywhenitcomestodiscipline.Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.Inoneexperiment,mycolleaguesandItoldparticipantsthey'dbepaidiftheycoulddrinkaboutone-and-a-halfquartsofwaterintwominutesorless.Inonecondition,weofferedpeoplea$2fixedreward.Inanother,therewasanuncertainrewardofeither$2or$1.Thecertainrewardwasabetterdeal,yetmanymorepeoplesuccessfullymetthechallengewhenassignedanuncertainreward.Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.Hereisoneofthereasonswhyuncertaintyismotivating.Whatscientistscall"intermittent(间歇性)reinforcement"—rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions—makesitmorearduoustoknowwhenrewardswillshowup.Ifyouveryoften,butdon'talways,praiseyourchildforcompletingtheirchores,they'llkeepupthegoodbehaviorinthehopeofreceivingpraisethenexttime.Sodon'tassumethatifkidsarealwayspraisedforfinishingtheirhomework,they'llbemorelikelytodoit.Dopraiseyoungpeopleforajobwelldone,justnoteverytime.Andpickrewardsoutofahatwhentheycompletechores—thesurpriseprizemightkeepeveryonemotivatedtogetthingsdone.12．Whydoestheauthormentionherkid'sstoryinthefirstparagraph?A．Todisplaytheconclusionofherresearch.B．Toshowthatherkidisverysmart.C．Toexplainthatsheisagoodmom.D．Toleadinthetopic.13．Whydidmoreparticipantschooseanuncertainrewardintheexperiment?A．Itwasmoreinspiring.B．Itwasmoredemanding.C．Itwasfairtoallparticipants.D．Itwaseasytogetmorerewards.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arduous"inparagraph5mean?A．Convenient. B．Popular. C．Flexible. D．Difficult.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhyConsistencyIsCriticaltoParentingB．WhyResolvingUncertaintyIsRewardingC．HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivationD．HowParents'BehaviorsAffectTheirChildren二、任务型阅读七选五Cheerfulnessisapowerfulwaytodealwithaworldthatwillalwaysbetoughandunjustinonewayoranother.Itisasignofstrengthinthefaceofdifficulties.Differentfromfear,joy,oranger,cheerfulnessisn'tsomethingthatovercomesyou.16．Assuch,youcanincludeitintoyourlifeonceyoumaketherightmentalswitch.Herearefourwaystodoso.◎Acknowledgethedifficulties.Cheerfulnessisanhonestemotionbecauseyou'renothidingfromreality.17．Instead,it'sextremelyimportanttobehonestwithyourselfabouttheproblemsyou'refacing.Onlybyfirstacknowledgingthatthingsaretoughwillyoubeabletofindwaystocope.◎Don'tfocusonthenegative.Whetherinyourpersonallifeorinsociety,it'seasytofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong.Butwhateveryoufocuson,itgrows.Ifyoudecidetofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong,thoseproblemswillgrowinyourminduntiltheyconsumeyou.18．◎Begratefulforwhatyouhave.19．Usually,they'rethethingswetakeforgranteduntilthey'renolongerthere,suchasgoodhealth,alovingfamily,orevensomethingassimpleasabeautifulsunrise.Beinggratefulwillshiftyourperspectiveandmakeiteasiertoseethesilverliningsofyourproblems.◎20．Nocheerfulnesswithoutlaughter.Soyoucanwatchcomedies,browsememes,orjokearoundwithfriends.Laughterstrengthensyourimmunesystem,boostsyourmood,makesyoufeellesspain,andprotectsyoufromstress.Laughteriscathartic(精神宣泄的)andinfectious.Laughandbrightentheroom.A.Findyoursenseofhumor.B.Dealwithdifficultiesseriously.C.Focusonthegoodthingsyouhave.D.Toalargedegree,cheerfulnessisachoice.E.You'renotcoveringyoureyesandlookingaway.F.Acknowledgetheproblems,butdon'tgivethemtoomuchattention.G.Beingcheerfulwillmakeyouseetheworldandyourownlifeinadifferentway.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空Itwastheendoftheschoolday,andIwastired.Igrabbedapileofabout130exampapersto21．onthetrainridehome.I'dbringthembackthenextmorning.Myprincipal(校长)pushedherheadintomyclassroomandsaid,"Friendly22．!Youneedtomakesureyourwordwallis23．bytomorrowmorning."Shethenmovedontothenextclassroomto24．themessage.Isighedandthought,"Areyoumakinga(n)25．?Whatawasteofmytime!"Myprincipalwas26．aboutmakingourschoolbeautiful,whilemygoalwastogetmystudentstopasstheAlgebraRegentsExam.Shewantedeveryclassroomtohaveawordwall,wherestudent'sworksoncreativeprojectswouldbe27．.Shebroughtinbeautifulplanters(花盆)that28．thehallwayswithgreenery.However,Iassumethatschoolandclassroom29．aren'timportantwhenitcomestolearning.Tome,spendingtimeandmoneymakingourschoolandclassroomsbeautifulwasjustadistraction(使人分心的事).Thosethingsdon't30．mystudentswithmath.However,afterthreeyearsofteaching,Iwenttograduateschoolinparttostudyhowresources31．teachersandstudents.Whatmyresearchfound32．me:Whenteachers33．theirclassroomenvironmentresources,theirstudentsdidbetteronstandardizedtests.Myprincipalwas34．.Shewascreatingmorethanjustabeautiful35．—shewasbuildingawelcomingandpositiveenvironmentforstudentstolearnandteacherstowork.21．A．distribute B．preview C．grade D．write22．A．reminder B．warning C．trick D．comment23．A．advanced B．formal C．hidden D．available24．A．copy B．explain C．repeat D．collect25．A．excuse B．promise C．request D．joke26．A．upset B．curious C．passionate D．uncertain27．A．displayed B．assessed C．exchanged D．polished28．A．connected B．blocked C．lined D．covered29．A．locations B．activities C．rules D．appearances30．A．impress B．assist C．confuse D．challenge31．A．affected B．protected C．reflected D．united32．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．amused33．A．madeuseof B．setasideC．lookeddownupon D．showedoff34．A．kind B．right C．patient D．humble35．A．bond B．space C．sample D．future四、短文填空短文填空AwoodblockprintartexhibitionkickedoffinGuangzhou-basedJi'nanUniversityintheprovincialcapitalonNovember16,36．(provide)youngstudentsintheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoGreaterBayAreawithanopportunitytounderstand37．greattraditionalChineseartofwoodblockwatermarks.Morethan220preciouswoodblockprintartworksanddozensofhistorical38．(document)fromthenationalintangibleculturalheritageinheritancebaseofShizhuzhai,ZhejiangProvince,willbe39．displayduringtheone-year-longshowtitled"WoodblockPrint:TheSceneryofSpringandAutumn,WatermarkHeavenlyFragrance",demonstratingChinesehistoryandculture.Shizhuzhai(TenBambooStudio)isanartmuseumintheZhejiangprovincialcapitalofHangzhou,whichwas40．(honorable)addedtotheNationalListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofChinain2014.Watermarkwoodblockprintshaveahistoryofmorethan1,200years.Sincetheirappearance,they41．(regard)asoutstandingChineseartistictreasures42．combinetechnology,art,paintingandaesthetics,representingthewisdomand43．(creative)oftheChinesepeople.LinRupeng,PartysecretaryofJi'nanUniversity,saidtheexhibitionorganizedbytheuniversityaims44．(carry)forwardtraditionalChineseculture,aswellasdemonstratetheuniversity'sfirmbeliefinenhancingChineseculture'sinfluence."Ji'nanUniversityintegratesmuch45．(excellence)traditionalChinesecultureintoteachingwhilesparingnoefforttonurture(培养)high-levelmoderntalents,"hesaid.五、书面表达46．上周你校组织学生去四川卧龙大熊猫自然保护区参观，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.活动过程；2.收获与感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AVisittoWolongGiantPandaNatureReserve六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。"No!"screamedAshaasshesawahugepimple(粉刺)onhernose.Shedidn'thavetimetocoverthepimpleasshewasrunninglatetoschool.Sheateherbreakfastfast,grabbedherbagandcaughtherschoolbusjustintime.Assoonasshegotonthebus,kidsstartedlaughing.Nobodywaswillingtolethersitbesidethem.EvenAnita,herbestfriend,actedabitdifferently,whichmadehermoreupset.Ashawaslostinthought.Anewthoughtpoppedinhermindeverysecond.Onceshethought"Great!Ihavetoworryaboutmypimpleasifhomeworkandexamswerenotenough."Thenextminuteanotherthoughtpoppedinhermind."Iamtiredofusingthisfacewash.IstillwonderhowIagreedtousethatthing!"Thensuddenly,Mr.Shetty,thebusdriver,said,"Asha,doyouwanttomisstheclass?"Ashawassolostinherthoughtthatshedidnotevennoticethateverybodyhadgotoffthebusexcepther.Shedidnotwanttostepintotheschoolcampus.Shethought,"Whatwillmyteachersthink?Whatwillmyfriendsthink?"Aftersometime,shegatheredcourageandenteredherclass,expectingthatshewouldbelaughedat.Whileenteringtheclass,sheheardstudentscommentingonherpimple.Achildlaughed,"Look,someone'scherryisonhernose!Getitforme."Sheheardsomeboysmurmuring,"Shewoulddefinitelybechosenasthejokerinthedance."Itwasaveryharddayatschoolforher.Assoonasshegothome,shehuggedhermothertightly,withtearswellingupinhereyes.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ashatoldhermotherwhatshehadexperiencedintheday.AshaopenedthedoorandincameherfriendAnitawithabunchofflowers.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是2024年四个高中学生写作比赛的相关情况。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。1．细节理解题。根据YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition部分的"Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.(最多可以在两个类别中输入两个作品（在单独的文件中）：CreativeNonfiction和CreativeFiction。)"可知，YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition里有两个类别，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的"·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsold(·少年组：11-14岁·高级组：15-18岁)"可知，OceanAwarenessWritingContest的参加者要按年龄分组，故选A。3．细节理解题。根据OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的"Thecontestisaninternationalcompetition(本次比赛是一项国际竞赛)"，YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition部分的"Thecompetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.(该比赛已发展成为一年一度的国际高中作家比赛。)"，LeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrize部分的"Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworld(适合学生：美国或世界各地的11年级学生)"和TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest部分的"Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.(适合学生：世界各地11-19岁的初高中学生均可参加。)"可知，这四个写作比赛的共同之处是它们是国际性的比赛。故选A。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一种叫做马尾藻的入侵海藻对当地人们的生活产生了不好的影响，奥马尔·巴斯克斯确看到了这种海藻的潜力，在帮助清理海藻的同时，决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东西，最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞生了并建立了公司，为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.WhenaninvasiveseaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(他看到他的单身母亲挣扎着养家糊口，今天的记忆激励他去帮助那些需要帮助的人。当一种叫做马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时，奥马尔看到了一个帮助别人的机会)"可知，奥马尔的童年经历对他影响很大。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.(由于旅游业收入面临风险，官员和当地人都急于清除海藻，但只有奥马尔看到了它的真正潜力)"可知，他们急于清除日益增多的马尾藻。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(当一种叫做马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时，奥马尔看到了一个帮助别人的机会)"、第三段"Sincepeople'sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobecomeanagent(推动者)forchange.(由于人们对海藻的态度让他想起了自己的生活经历，他决定成为一名变革的推动者)"和文章第五段"In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablock-formingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.(2018年，奥马尔找到了一种方法，把马尾藻变成了他称之为"Sargablock"的积木。他将40%的马尾藻和粘土等其他材料混合在一起，然后把它们放在积木机里，在太阳下烤上几天，就能制作出这些积木。最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料，专家说这种材料可以使用120年)"可知，奥马尔积极帮助别人并且将马尾藻变成了环保的材料。由此推知，奥马尔是富有同情心的和有创新精神的人。故选D。7．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一种叫做马尾藻的入侵海藻对当地人们的生活产生了不好的影响，奥马尔·巴斯克斯确看到了这种海藻的潜力，在帮助清理海藻的同时，决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东西，最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞生了并建立了公司，为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。由此推知，作者想要通过奥马尔的成功告诉我们解决方案可以从问题中获得。故选C。【答案】8．B9．B10．C11．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着人工智能(AI)和机器人技术以惊人的速度发展，一些人担心艺术和创意人才有被取代的风险。然而，韩国工业技术研究所(KoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology)的一项新研究恰恰说明了为什么这不能也不应该发生。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。8．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自动化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.(一年多以前，开发自动化的工作开始了。起初，它被设计得像一台机器，并没有达到人们的期望。然后，该公司寻求改进方法。最后，它被赋予了两条带有关节的手臂来模仿手腕和肘部，使它能够像人类指挥一样移动一根棍子。它被命名为EverR6机器人，身高1.8米)"可知，第二段主要讲述了EverR6机器人的研发过程。故选B。9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段"The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.(他们计划演奏的12分钟的曲目是孙一勋的《Feel》，这是专门为此次活动制作的。这首歌是在考虑到EverR6和人类指挥家崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)的长处后创作的)"可推知，"Feel"是一个展示人机合作的作品。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据文章第五段"Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即兴的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.(与此同时，由人类指挥来带领乐队创作即兴乐谱，为原本计划好的作品增加深度)"可知，他在表演中指挥演出的即兴部分。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段""Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."("让我们把精确度留给机器人吧，"崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)说，"而把音乐和艺术方面的工作留给人类指挥。")"可推知，Soo-yeolChoi对这个机器人持支持的态度。故选C。【答案】12．D13．A14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，不一致的礼物和表扬会对动机产生更大的影响。虽然我们都喜欢生活在一个可预测的世界里，但我们往往对不可预测的奖励反应更强烈，文章分析了原因。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。词句猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。12．推理判断题。根据第一段"Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe'sfinished.(我大多数时候都是这么奖励的。但每隔一段时间，我就跳过，当我跳过的时候，我能看到他读完后脸上的失望。)"和第三段"Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的礼物和表扬会对动机产生更大的影响。虽然我们都喜欢生活在一个可预测的世界里，但我们往往对不可预测的奖励反应更强烈。)"可知，第一段的故事引出了本文的主题，即不一致的礼物和表扬会对动机产生更大的影响。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.(决定选不确定性——他们会赢得1美元还是2美元——比肯定赢得2美元更有动力。)"可知，更多的参与者在实验中选择不确定的奖励是因为它更鼓舞人心。故选A。14．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段"rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions(在某些情况下奖励行为，但不是所有情况)"可知，只在某些情况下才奖励行为，所以要知道奖励何时出现会变得更困难，划线词arduous的意思是"困难的"，和difficult意思相近。故选D。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段"Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的礼物和表扬会对动机产生更大的影响。虽然我们都喜欢生活在一个可预测的世界里，但我们往往对不可预测的奖励反应更强烈。)"可知，本文主要讲的是不一致的礼物和表扬会对动机产生更大的影响，并解释了原因，因此本文最好的标题是C选项"HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivation(不一致的表扬如何影响动机)"，故选C。【答案】16．D；17．E；18．F；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种帮助快乐的方法。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。16．前文"Differentfromfear,joy,oranger,cheerfulnessisn'tsomethingthatovercomesyou.(与恐惧、喜悦或愤怒不同，快乐并不是能战胜你的东西。)"讲述了快乐不是能战胜你的东西，空处应讲述快乐应该是什么，D项"在很大程度上，快乐是一种选择。"符合题意。故选D。17．根据前文"Cheerfulnessisanhonestemotionbecauseyou'renothidingfromreality.(快乐是一种诚实的情绪，因为你不会逃避现实。)"和后文"Instead,it'sextremelyimportanttobehonestwithyourselfabouttheproblemsyou'refacing.(相反，对自己所面临的问题坦诚相待是极其重要的。)"可知，空处的内容与Instead后面的内容相反，表示你不会逃避，E项"你没有捂住眼睛，把目光移开。"符合题意。故选E。18．根据本段小标题"Don'tfocusonthenegative.(不要把注意力集中在消极的方面。)"和前文"Ifyoudecidetofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong,thoseproblemswillgrowinyourminduntiltheyconsumeyou.(如果你决定专注于哪里出了问题，这些问题会在你的脑海中滋长，直到吞噬你。)"可知，本段主要讲述了不要把注意力集中在消极的方面，专注问题会吞噬你，所以空处讲的应是不要太关注问题，F项"承认问题，但不要太在意。"符合题意。故选F。19．根据本段小标题"Begratefulforwhatyouhave.(感激你所拥有的。)"可知，本段主要讲述的是对所拥有的事情心存感激，C项"专注于你所拥有的美好事物。"符合题意，且选项中的thegoodthings和下文中的They指代一致。故选C。20．空处是本段小标题，根据下文"Nocheerfulnesswithoutlaughter.Soyoucanwatchcomedies,browsememes,orjokearoundwithfriends.Laughterstrengthensyourimmunesystem,boostsyourmood,makesyoufeellesspain,andprotectsyoufromstress.Laughteriscathartic(精神