【名师一号】2020-2021学年高中英语人教版必修3-双基限时练11

双基限时练(十一)Unit4PartⅡⅠ.单词拼写1．ItwasNewtonwhofoundthelawof________(万有引力)．答案gravity2．Herfavoritesubjectis________(生物学)．答案biology3．Theywantedtomovetoawarmer________(气候)．答案climate4．Iliketolistentoher________(温存的)voice.答案gentleⅡ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1．Shewasalwaysgentle________thechildreninthekindergarten,neverhittingnorscoldingthem.答案与解析with句意：她对幼儿园的孩子总是很温存，从来不打不骂。begentlewithsb.“对某人温存(柔)的”。2．Makesurethecurtainsyouchoosecanblock________thestrongsunshinethatmightcomeinyourroom.答案与解析out句意：确保你选的窗帘能阻隔猛烈的阳光进入你的房间。blockout此处意为“拦住(光线)”，符合句意。3．Themotorcyclecrashed________thefence.答案与解析into句意：摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。crashinto“撞上……”，为固定搭配。4．________hesaidatthemeetingmadeallofuspresentfeelworried.答案与解析Whatwhat引导主语从句并充当said的宾语。句意：他在会上的讲话使在场的人都很担忧。5．Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and________mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.答案与解析whatwhat引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。6．Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.答案与解析that句意：他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。Itoccurredtosb.that...表示“某人想起……”。it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。7．________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.答案与解析Thatthat引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分。8．________surprisesusmostisthatshedoesn'tevenknow________thedifferencebetweenthetwolies.答案与解析What;where句意：让我们最吃惊的是她竟然不知道两者的区分在哪儿。“Whatsurprisesusmost”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语；“wherethedifferencebetweenthetwolies”是宾语从句，where表示的是抽象地点。9．Itdoesn'tmatter________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.答案与解析whether句意：在十字路口无论你向左转还是向右转都没有关系，两条路都通向公园。句中的it是形式主语，whether引导主语从句。whether...or...意为“是……还是……；不管……还是……”。10．________willwinthegamehasnothingtodowithme.答案与解析Whowho引导主语从句。11．It'sreallynobusinessofyours________Ispendmysummerholidays.答案与解析where句意：我在什么地方度暑假真的与你无关。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句whereIspendmysummerholidays。12．Hasitbeenreported________thenextmannedspacecraftistobelaunched?答案与解析that主语从句的变形：Itis＋reported＋that­clause，此句为现在完成时结构。Ⅲ.用主语从句翻译句子1．Itisnoneofyourbusiness________________(别人怎么看你)．答案whatotherpeoplethinkaboutyou2．________________(他是否回来)hasnothingtodowithme.答案Whetherhewillcomeornot3．________________(他所要的)istohaveagoodrest.答案Whathewants4．Itisbelieved________________(他能解决这个问题)．答案thathecansolvetheproblem5．It'scertain________________(他能获胜)．答案thathewillwin6．________________(他什么时候动身)isstillunknown.答案Whenhewillstart7．________________(将来办公楼建在哪里)isoutofquestion.答案Wheretheofficebuildingwillbebuilt8．________________(事故是怎样发生的)isnotcleartoanyone.答案Howtheaccidenthappened9．________________(凡是迟到的)isexpectedtocometomyofficeafterclass.答案Whoeverislate10．________________(打破了哪一个窗户)isunknown.答案WhichwindowisbrokenⅣ.阅读理解AOnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanetsandthousandsofsparklingstarsinthesky.Youcanseeevenmorewithatelescope(望远镜).Andyoumightalsoseemanylargerstarsandsomereally“redorblue”ones.Thebiggerthetelescopesare,themoreobjectsanddetailsyouwillseeinthesky.Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethings,so­calledblackholes,intheskythatwewillneversee,evenwiththebiggesttelescopeontheclearestnight.They'rethemysteriousdeadstars.Itishardtoimaginethatstarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitupinthesky,burningbrightly，givingusheatandlight，whichcertainlydoesn'tseemtobegettingoldorweak.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastar'sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.Asthestarcools,theouterlayersofthestarpullintowardthecenter.Thestarwascrushed(挤压)intoasmallerandsmallerball.Ifthestarwasverysmall，itendsupasacold,darkballcalledablackdwarf(矮星)．ImagineiftheEarthwascrusheduntilitwasthesizeofasmallball.That'showtightlythisdeadstar，ablackhole,ispacked.Itsgravityattractsineverything—evenlight,whichcannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.Sothenexttimeyoustareupatthenightsky,remember:there'smoreintheskythanmeetstheeye!Inthesilentdarknessareblackholes—thegreatmysteryofspace.1．Thepassagemainlytellsussomethingabout________.A.thenightsky B.thetelescopeC.theblackholes D.thegravity答案与解析C文章开篇描述夜空中有点点的繁星，然后指出用望远镜会看到更多的星星，但还是有一些看不见的“黑洞”，借此引出主题。然后认真分析黑洞的实质、形成过程，从而渐渐揭开其奇特的面纱。所以文章的主题是“黑洞”，而其他事物都是铺垫，是次要的。2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.ontheclearestnight，wecanfindablackholeintheskyB.wecanfindblackholeswiththehelpofthetelescopeC.wecanfindtheblackholesareredorblueincolorD.nobody，includingscientists，canseetheblackholes答案与解析D文章在对黑洞的描述中其次段指出“Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethings,so­calledblackholes,intheskythatwewillneversee,evenwiththebiggesttelescopeontheclearestnight.”以及第五段“...evenlight,whichcannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.”由此推断，黑洞是不能被任何人观察的，包括科学家。3．Wecanseethattheblackholesareactually________.A.theburningsunB.thecrushedearthC.somedeadstarsD.theemptyspace答案与解析C文章其次段对黑洞做了解释和定义：They'rethemysteriousdeadstars和前文的so­calledblackholes对应。4．Whydoesastardieaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisburntbythesun'slight.B.Itisattractedbytheearth'sgravity.C.Itrunsoutoflightandheatwhileburning.D.Itiscrushedbyotherbiggerstars.答案与解析C文章倒数第三段中提出：“Asastar'sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.”由此推断，星星死亡的缘由是自身燃烧，散尽了光和热。5．Wecannotseetheblackholesbecause________.A.wehavenogoodtelescopeB.therearenoblackholesatallC.theyaretoosmallandweakD.theyaretootightlypacked答案与解析D文章讲到由于气体燃烧殆尽，星体变小紧缩，由此产生很大的引力，吸取了一切的光，所以看不见他们，由此推断答案为D项。BHello!MynameisLisa,andIamalioness.IliveontheopengrasslandsofAfricawithmyfamily.Lionslivinginagrouparecalledapride.Myfatherisstrongandpowerful.Heandhiscousinaretheleadersofourpride.Theothermembersaremymother,hersisters,andtheirchildren.Theareawhereapridelivesisbig!Weroar(咆哮)totelleachotherwhereweareandtowarnstrangerstostayaway.Meetmynewbabybrother.HisnameisLeon.Seethespotsonhisfur?Welionsarebornspottedorstriped(有条纹的).Aswegrowolder,thespotsgraduallydisappear.Lionessesusuallyspendtheirentireliveswiththeirbirthpride,butLeonwillleavewhenheisaboutthreeyearsold.He'llrunaroundwithamale(雄性的)friendorrelativeforafewyearsuntiltheytakeoveraprideoftheirown.Butfornow,wehavelotsoffuntogether.Weoftenplayandfightforhours,whichcanhelpuspracticeskillsthatwewillneedforhunting.Welionskeepourselvesveryclean.Justlikeahousecat,Icleanmyfur(毛)withmytongue.Wecleanforeachother,too,toshowwe'refriends.Lionsliketosleepformostoftheday.Wehuntinthecoolevening.Female(雌性的)lionshuntmoreoftenthanmalelions.Weworktogetherasateam.Attherightmoment,weattackandkillourprey.Thenweshareit.Malelionsusuallyeatfirst.Femaleseatnext.Babylionsarethelasttoeat.Thesmallestonegetstheleastfood.Sincewearefull,it'stimetogotofindaniceplaceforasleep.Bye!6.Lisainthispassageisthenameof________.A.agirl B.amalelionC.afemalelion D.apride答案与解析C依据第一段的“MynameisLisa,andIamalioness.”可知，Lisa是一只雌性狮