3稿 动机和运动心理学课件

3稿动机和运动心理学Applymotivationalpsychologytoprovideguidanceonexercise(锻炼)behaviourandchangetomeethealthandfitnessgoals3稿动机和运动心理学LearingtargetPart1:changepeople’sexercisebehaviourattitude

Part2:Implementstrategiestoimproveclientexerciseadherence

3稿动机和运动心理学Howdoyouspendyourfreetime?

Swimming?Playingfootball?Dancing?WatchingTV?Playingvideogames?Playinginthepark?Part1:changepeople’sexercisebehaviourattitude3稿动机和运动心理学Doyouoftentakeexercise?Whatisthereason?3稿动机和运动心理学Barrierstoexercise

lackoftime(没有时间）lackofenergy（没有精力）lackofmotivation（没有动机）excessivecost（费钱）illnessorinjury（容易受伤）feelinguncomfortable（不舒服，累）lackofskill（缺少技能）fearofinjury（害怕受伤）fearofsafety（担心安全）lackofchildcare（不能照顾孩子）insufficientaccess（很难学）lackofsupport（缺少支持）lackoftransportation.（交通不便）3稿动机和运动心理学supportstoexerciseHealtyMakefriendsEnjoyment3稿动机和运动心理学MoreBenefitsBenefitsofExercise

(锻炼的好处！)

Exerciseispanacea[英][ˌpænəˈsi:ə]

灵丹妙药Psychological(心理上)Enhanceself-esteem(增强自尊)Loweranxietyandstress(降低焦虑和压力)Improvethelearningachievement（提高学习成绩）Reduceviolence（减少暴力）Adjunctivetreatmentforclinicaldisorder(联合对抗临床心理问题)Improvecognitivefunctioning(提高认知功能)3稿动机和运动心理学Physical(生理上）ControlWeight/减重（体重控制，不会增肥）Reducechronicdiseases降低慢性病Strengthenimmune[iˈmju:n]

system增强免疫功能3稿动机和运动心理学OvercomingDepression(Babyaketal.2000)156patientswithMajorDepressiveDisorder（156个重度抑郁症患者）Threegroups(exercise,medicine,exercise*medicine)（3组：锻炼组，服药组，锻炼*服药）Exercise:Thirtyminutesthreetimes/week（锻炼：30min，3次/周）Anti-depressant:Sertraline：Zoloft（抗抑郁药：左洛复）3稿动机和运动心理学OvercomingDepression(Babyaketal.2000)Outcome(结果)：Studyonrelapserate(复发率调查)

after16weeks（

16周后）Allthreegroupsimproved(>60%)所有3组，精神状态全部改善（>60%)Nosignificantdifferencesamonggroups(三组之间没有显著差异)10monthsfollow-up，(10个月后，复发率调查)Relapsemedication:38%(服药组：38%)Relapsemedication*exercise:31%（服药*锻炼组：31%）Relapseexercise:9%（锻炼组：9%）3稿动机和运动心理学Exercise:TheUnsungHeroInaway,exercisecanbethoughtofasapsychiatrist’sdreamtreatment.Itworksonanxiety,onpanicdisorder,andonstressingeneral,whichhasalottodowithdepression.Anditgeneratesthereleaseofneurotransmitters[trænzˈmitəz]

—norepinephrine,[ˈnɔˌrepiˈnefrin]

serotonin,anddopamine[ˈdəʊpəˌmi:n]

—thatareverysimilartoourmostimportantpsychiatric[ˌsaikiˈætrik]

medicines.HavingaboutofexerciseisliketakingalittlebitofProzacandalittlebitofRitalin,rightwhereitissupposedtogo.”

JohnRatey在某种程度上，锻炼可以被认为是精神科医生的梦想疗法。锻炼能够治疗焦虑，惊恐发作，普遍的焦虑，而且对抑郁也非常有效。锻炼可以释放神经递质—去甲肾上腺素，五羟色胺，多巴胺—这些在我们的精神科药物治疗里面起重要作用的物质。拥有一定量的锻炼，就象吃了点百忧解，或者利他林（两个都是抗抑郁药），对了，就应该这么做！

3稿动机和运动心理学exercise锻炼3稿动机和运动心理学Whatisexercise?3稿动机和运动心理学Run/Jog3稿动机和运动心理学Sports/Games3稿动机和运动心理学Dance3稿动机和运动心理学StayActive!push-upyoga

3稿动机和运动心理学Exercisecharacteristics‘Exercise’is:-Aerobic-StrengthChestandStomach(core)3稿动机和运动心理学1.Cooking:Exerciseornot?

2.PlayingInstruments:Exerciseornot?

3.Cleaning:Exerciseornot?3稿动机和运动心理学SummaryHealthyexerciseincludes:AerobicStrengtheningChestandstomach(core)3稿动机和运动心理学ConclusionExerciseisimportantforanindividual

tostayhealthywetherinPsychologicalorPhysicalaspect.3稿动机和运动心理学Part2:howtoimproveclientexerciseadherence3稿动机和运动心理学Part2.UsemotivationalpsychologytoimproveclientexerciseadherenceStep1:findtheclient’srealneedStep2:findsuitableexercisetosatisfyclient’sneedStep3:useStrategiestohelppeopletakeexerciseregularly3稿动机和运动心理学Maslow'sPyramid[ˈpirəmid]

ofNeedsHeirarchy[ˈhaiərɑ:ki]

ofNeedsbasicneedshavetobesatisfiedbeforepeoplecanbecomeself-actualizedStep1:findtheclient’srealneed3稿动机和运动心理学1.PhysiologicalNeeds(生理需要):Air,water,food,clothing,housing,medicalcare,sexualdesire(空气、水、吃饭、穿衣、性欲、住宅、医疗)2.SafetyNeeds(安全需要):Laborsafety,occupationsafety,stablelife,escapefromdisaster(劳动安全、职业安全、生活稳定、希望免于灾难)3.Belongingness&LoveNeeds(归属和爱的需要):Family,friends,colleagues,community’scare,understandingandsupport(家庭、团体、朋友、同事的关怀爱护理解)4.EsteemNeeds(自尊需要):Selfrespectandrespectfromothers(自我尊重以及他人的尊重)5.Self-ActualizationNeed(自我实现的需要)：developtheirpotentialability,tobethedesiredperson.3稿动机和运动心理学Step2:findsuitableexercisetosatisfyclient’sneed

forexample:oldpeople(老人),seniorexecutives(高级管理人员),Front-lineworkers(一线劳动工人),Middle-agedwomen(中年妇女)3稿动机和运动心理学Step3:Strategiestohelppeopletakeexerciseregularlyprompts.提示Contracting合约perceivedchoice主观选择Reinforcement强化feedback反馈rewards奖励selfmonitoring自我监控goalsetting目标设定socialsupport社会支持decisionbalancesheet决策表physicalsetting物理环境exercisevariety多种锻炼方式minimiseddiscomfortandinjury尽量减少不适和损伤grouptraining团体培训Enjoyment快乐periodicfitnessandhealthassessment周期性的健身和健康评估progresscharts进度图表3稿动机和运动心理学Groupdiscussion1

Scene1YourclientisaMiddle-agedwoman.Sheisverybusywithwork.Inhersparetime,shehadtotakecareofherchildof7-yearsold.Recently,herweighthasincreasedveryquickly.Shefeltthatshewasgrowingolderandolder．questions１．whatkindsofneedsdoesthewomanhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)2.whatkindsofexercisearesuitableforher?

3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(帮助她坚持锻炼的方法有哪些？)3稿动机和运动心理学

Groupdiscussion2

Scene2

Yourclientaresecuritycompanystaff.Mostofthemcamefromcountryside.Theyareyoung.Theirjobisdullandboring.Theyneedtostandallthetime.

questions１．whatkindsofneedsdostaffhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)

2.whatkindsofexercisesaresuitableforthem?

3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(帮助她坚持锻炼的方法有哪些？)3稿动机和运动心理学

Groupdiscussion3Scene3

Yourclientisａseniorexecutive.HeisasuccessfulMiddle-agedman.Heisverybusywithwork.Hefeelverytiredeveryday.Hisbloodpressureisveryhighandheartisnotgood.Questions:1.whatkindsofneedsdostaffhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)2.whatkindsofexercisesaresuitableforthem?3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(帮助她坚持锻炼的方法有哪些？)3稿动机和运动心理学Groupdiscussion4Scene4YourclientisaMid