新课标2024高考英语一轮复习课时作业143-4Astronomythescienceofthestars新人教版必修3

PAGE1课时作业143-4AstronomythescienceofthestarsⅠ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。1．OverthepastfiveyearsTom________(go)throughalotofhardships.2．Takeyourbankcardwithyouwhenonabusinesstrip,________cansaveyoualotoftroubles.3．NowthatIhavefinishedbuying,Tom,________histurn，shouldcook.4．Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruse________(violent)whateverhappens.5．Sarahmadeittotheairportjust________timetocatchherplanethismorning.6．Readinginthesunis________(harm)toyoureyes.7．TheeducationreformisbeingcarriedoutinChina.It'scertainthatacompletelynewsituationwillarisewhenthenewexaminationsystemcomesinto________(exist)．8．Theygivebirth________theiryoungandfeedthemwiththeirmilk.9．Tomgotuplate,thus________(miss)theearlybus.10．WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanychildren________beinghappy,thereseemtobethreecauses.11．Idon'tthinkyourlecturegotacrosstotheaudience,fortheyappearedquite________(puzzle)．12．Thetreeintheneighbor'sgardenblocks________alotofourlight.13．Cheer________，andyoucanpasstheexam.14．Thefirebroke________atmidnight.15．Thisgardenisthreetimes________bigasthatone.16．Now________we'vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisionstaken?17．Watchout________thatmanwhowearsdarkglasses.18．Thegirl'sbeingeducated________asimplelivingatmospherewaswhatherparentswishedfor.19．Thefireworksexploded________alldirections.20．Doyouknow________thisdisabledmansucceededinrunningsuchabigcompany?答案1．hasgone2.which3.in4.violence5.in6．harmful7.existence8.to9.missing10.from11．puzzled12.out13.up14.out15.as16.that17．for18.in19.in20.howⅡ.阅读理解A(2024年内蒙古赤峰二中高三月考)BangkokTransportationPublicbusesTheBangkokMassTransitAuthority(BMTA)ischargedwithprovidingbusservicetopeoplelivingandworkinginBangkokandthenearbyprovinces.AsofFebruary，2005,theBMTAoperatedatotalof113routes,servedby3，526buses,ofwhich1，665wereregularbusesand1，861air­conditionedbuses.Therewerealsoprivately­ownedbusesoperatedundertheBMTAwithatotalof3，535regularandair­conditionedbusesand1，067minibusesincluding2，325smallbuseswhichprovideservicesinlanes.Anaverageof3.4millionpeopleusetheseservicesdaily.TypesofBusesandFaresTypeBuscolorFareServicetimeRegularbusCream­red7baht05：00—23：00RegularbusWhite­blue8baht05：00—23：00ExpresswaybusCream­red9baht05：00—23：00All­sightservicebusCream­red8.5baht23：00—05：00Air­conditionedbusCream­blue11、13、15、17、19baht(dependingonthedistance)05：00—23：00FareExemptionsThefollowingpassengersareeligibleforbusfareexemptions：1．BMTAbusinspectors2．Mailmeninuniformwhileonduty3．HoldersofBMTAemployeeIDcardsHalf­PriceConcessionsThefollowingpassengersareeligibleforhalf­pricefareswhenusingtheserviceofregularbuses.1．TheblindwithacertificatefromtheAssociationoftheBlind2．Soldiersandpolicemeninuniform3．HoldersofofficialcertificatesormedalsasspecifiedbytheRegulationonBusFareFareConcessionsforAir­conditionedBusesHoldersofthefollowingofficialcertificatesandmedalsareeligibleforair­conditionedbusfarereductions.1．VictoryMedal(Off­springofthismedalarealsoentitled)2．BorderServiceMedal3．Free­MallProtectionMedal4．EuropeanRoyalWarMedal5．Non­activeWarVeteransClasses123and46．BTMAEmployeeIDcardsSearchforbusroutehere@BangkokTourismDivision1．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBangkokTransportation?A．BusesinBangkokareofthesamesize.B．Atleast3.4millionpeopletakeabuseveryday.C．BusesoperatedundertheBMTAareownedbyindividuals.D．BMTAprovidescitybusesandinter­provincialbusservice.2．Whoneedn'tpayfaresonaregularbus?A．AgrandsonofaVictoryMedalholder.B．Apostman，togetherwithhisfamily.C．Ablindpersonwithamedicalcertificate.D．ABMTAinspectorwithhisemployeecard.3．Howmuchshouldasoldierinuniformpaywhenhetakesawhite­bluebus?A．5.50baht. B．4baht.C．7baht. D．8baht.答案与解析本文是应用文，是一则布告，主要介绍了泰国首都曼谷的公交车公司BMTA所供应服务信息，涉及车型、票价等详细信息。1．D细微环节理解题。依据第一句“TheBangkokMassTransitAuthority(BMTA)ischargedwithprovidingbusservicetopeoplelivingandworkinginBangkokandthenearbyprovinces.”可知BMTA为生活在曼谷的人以及旁边省份的人通过公交车服务。故D项正确。2．D细微环节理解题。依据“FareExemptions部分Thefollowingpassengersareeligibleforbusfareexemptions：1.BMTAbusinspectors...3.HoldersofBMTAemployeeIDcards”可知BMTAbusinspectors和持有BMTAemployeeIDcards的员工都可以免费乘车。故D项正确。3．B数据计算题。依据Half­PriceConcessions部分2.Soldiersandpolicemeninuniform可知士兵和穿制服的警察乘车半价；依据表格中White­blue的车票是8baht，半价应当是4baht。故B项正确。BForgrownups,anafternoonsnooze(打盹)isofteneasiersaidthandone.Butmanyofushaveprobablyexperiencedjusthowsimpleitcanbetocatchsomesleepinagentlyrockinghammock(吊床).Byexaminingbrainwavesinsleepingadults,researchersreportedintheJune21issueofCurrentBiology,aCellPresspublication,thattheynowhaveevidencetoexplainwhythatis.“Itisacommonbeliefthatrockingcausessleep:wefallasleepinarockingchairsoonand,sinceancienttimes,wecradleourbabiestosleep，”saidSophieSchwartzoftheUniversityofGeneva.“Yet,howthisworkshadremainedamystery.Thegoalofourstudywasmadeupoftwoparts:totestwhetherrockingdoesindeedimprovesleep,andtounderstandhowthismightworkatthebrainlevel.”Schwartz,MichelMuhlethaler,andtheircolleaguesLaurenceBayerandIrinaConstantinescuaskedtwelveadultvolunteerstonaponacustommadebedor“experimentalhammock”thatcouldeitherremainstillorrockgently.Allparticipantsweregoodsleeperswhodidn'ttypicallynapanddidnotsufferfromexcessivesleepinessduringtheday.Eachparticipanttooktwo45minuteafternoonnaps,onewiththebedstillandonewiththebedinmotion,whiletheirbrainactivitiesweremonitored.“Weobservedafastertransitiontosleepineachandeverysubjectintheswingingcondition，”Muhlethalersaid.“Surprisingly,wealsoobservedadramaticboostingofcertaintypesofsleeprelatedbrainwaves.”Morespecifically,rockingincreasedthelengthofstageN2sleep,aformofnonrapideyemovementsleepthatnormallyoccupiesabouthalfofagoodnight'ssleep.Therockingbedalsohadalastingeffectonbrainactivity,increasingslowbrainwavesandburstsofactivityknownassleepspindles(纺锤体)．SchwartzandMuhlethalersaythenextstepistofindoutwhetherrockingcanimprovelongerperiodsofsleepandtofindoutwhetheritmaybeusefulforthetreatmentofsleepdisorders,suchasinsomnia(失眠)．4．WhatdoestheJune21issueofCurrentBiologytellusaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Itismoredifficultforgrownupstofallasleep.B．Peopletodayliketosleepinarockinghammock.C．Manypeoplenowadayssufferfromexcessivesleepiness.D．Therecomestheevidencetoexplainwhyrockingbenefitspeople'ssleep.5．WhatcanwelearnfromSophieSchwartz'swords?A．Histeamaimedtoanswertwoquestions.B．Thestudyisgoingtobenefitbabiesalot.C．Thestudyhadbeenkeptsecretbeforefinished.D．Peopleusedtobelieverockingwasbadforsleep.6．Whatfindingwasbeyondtheresearchers'expectation?A．Therockingseemedtoimproveparticipants'sleepquality.B．Alltheparticipantsfellasleepfasterintheswingingcondition.C．Someparticipantscouldn'tfallasleepintheswingingcondition.D．Participantshadatendencytosleepexcessivelyintheswingingbed.7．WhatdoSchwartzandMuhlethalerexpecttofigureoutinthenextresearch?A．Whetherswingcancauseinsomnia.B．Whetherswingcanextendsleeptime.C．Whetherswingcanchangebrainwaves.D．Whetherswingcanbenefitmemoryconsolidation.8．Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldprobablybe________.A．Takeasnooze.EasiersaidthandoneB．Wantafastersleep?ChangeyoursleepinghabitsC．Needanap?FindyourselfahammockD．Sufferfromsleepdisorder?Newtreatmentfound答案与解析本文通过探讨成年人在睡觉时大脑水纹，发觉了成年人在轻轻摇摆的状态下更简单入睡。4．D细微环节理解题。在第一段告知我们这样一个现象，成年人在轻轻摇摆状态下简单入睡。故选D。5．A推理推断题。其次段，从远古时代人们在轻摇状态下简单入睡，但什么缘由促使睡眠始终都是未解之谜，所以从他的话中推断这一探讨旨在解开谜底。故选A。6．A细微环节理解题。第四段Weobservedafastertransitiontosleepineachandeverysubjectintheswingingcondition和Surprisingly,wealsoobservedadramaticboostingofcertaintypesofsleeprelatedbrainwaves.推断在试验过程中意外发觉了轻摇可以改善睡眠质量。故选A。7．B细微环节理解题。最终一段SchwartzandMuhlethalersaythenextstepistofindoutwhetherrockingcanimprovelongerperiodsofsleep可知下一步将探讨摇摆是不是可以延长睡眠时间，故选B。8．C主旨大意题。文章主要是讲解并描述了通过探讨发觉成年人在轻摇状态下更简单入睡，并就此绽开探讨，故C项是对文章内容的概括，故选C。CIwentonlinetocheckifmypaywasinmybankaccount.Tomyamazement,IdiscoveredthatnotonlyhadIbeenpaid,acompanyI'dneverworkedforhadalsopaidme!IknewI'dhavebeenbeside_myselfifmyownsalarywasnotinmyaccount,soItriedtogetthemoneybacktotherightperson.Itiseasiersaidthandone.Thebankcouldn'thelpasitwasn'tabankproblem.Thehuman­resourcedepartmentasthecompanythatpaidmewasunabletohelpasIdidn'thaveenoughdetails.Irangthebankagain.ThankfullyIhadsympatheticcalloperatorwhogavemeaname,soIagainrangthecompany“Daniel”workedfor.IexpectedthebankwouldcontactmetoarrangetotakethemoneyfrommyaccountandrepayDaniel.IheardnothingforamonthandthemoneyremainedinmyaccountwhenDanielcalled,explaininghe'dtriedtogetbackhismoneybuthadbeenunsuccessfulasneitherthebanknorhiscompanyfeltitwastheirerror.HehadrungtoaskifIcouldspeaktothebank,butafterchattingforafewminuteswerealizedwecouldprobablyfixthisproblemourselves.WedecidedIwouldtakethemoneyfrommyaccountandhewouldpickitupfromme.DuetomybusyjobIwasunabletomeetDanielpersonallybutheleftmealovelybottleofwineinexchangeforwhatwasrightfullyhis.IneverhadanyintentionofkeepingDaniel'spay,butredtape(繁琐手续)madeitdifficulttodotherightthing.Itallcamedowntotwopeoplebeingabletodowhatahugebankandalargecompanycouldn'tdo—admitamistakehasoccurredandfixit.9．Theunderlinedphrase“besidemyself”inParagraph1probablymeans________．A．veryfortunate B．veryangryC．reallythankful D．atease10．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthortowardstheextramoneyinhisbankaccount?A．Hedidn'tknowwhattodowithit.B．Hefeltluckytogetit.C．Hethoughtofkeepingitforhimself.D．Hewantedtoreturnittotherightplace.11．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Danielhadbeenrepaidwhenhecalledtheauthor.B．Theauthorwastoblameashedidn'thaveenoughd