新教材2025版高中英语Unit8GreenLivingPartⅡLesson1RootsandShoots学案北师大版必修第三册

PartⅡLesson1RootsandShoots学习目标话题语境绿色生活与环保课时词汇root,shoot,bother,firm,foundation,involve常用短语sufferfrom,sowhat,takeaction,setup,allaroundtheworld,makeadifference,haveaneffecton重点句式make＋宾语＋宾补；sothat引导目的状语从句单词巧练写准记牢Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请依据所给的词性和词义写出单词1．________adj.担忧的；苦恼的2．________adj.坚实的；稳固的3．________n.基础；地基4．________vt.参与；包含Ⅱ.常用单词练习：依据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示写出符合句中单词的正确形式1．Ivisitedanumberofresearchi________inAsia.2．Bakethecakesuntiltheyaref________tothetouch.3．Thebuildersarenowbeginningtolaythe________(地基)ofthenewschool.4．Hehada________(砖)thrownathimatthatmeeting.5．Hewas________(参与)inaheatedargument.6．Evenifyouplanttheseedupsidedown,ther________willstillgrowdown.7．Twoweeksafterwe'dplantedtheseeds,littlegreens________startedtoappear.8．He'sveryb________aboutwhatpeoplethinkofhim.►第一版块：重点单词1.rootn．树根；根源；起因；(某人的)祖籍，根v．生根；翻找，搜寻(教材P31)Roots&Shoots根与芽[用法归纳]treeroots树根haveone'srootsinsth.源于gobacktoone'sroots找到……的根putdownroots(植物)生根；定居takerootin(植物)生根；扎根；……被接受；深化人心rootaround/about翻找rootout消退；根除；杜绝rootup将(植物)连根拔起berootedtothespot/ground/floor(因胆怯 、惊吓、震惊等)呆若木鸡；不能动弹[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Butthoughhewasrooted________hispast,hewasn'tstuckthere.②Afterhisparentslefttheworld,Peterfelt________(root).③Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistradition________________________(起源于)thecustomofsharingbread.④Sohowcanyoucomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingover________________(树根)orotherwiselookinglikeafool?⑤He__________________________(找到他的根)andrediscoveredthebeautyinChinesefolkmusic.词语拓展：rootedadj.根源的；起源的；根深蒂固的rootlessadj.无家可归的；无所归属的2.shootv.(shot,shot)射中；射击；放射n．芽；苗；嫩枝(教材P31)Roots&Shoots根与芽[合作探究]体会shoot的用法和意义Twoweeksafterwe'dplantedtheseeds,littlegreenshootsstartedtoappear.我们播种后两周，绿色的小嫩芽就起先长出了。Thehuntertookashootatthedeerinthedistance.猎手向远处的那头鹿开了枪。Thenewsoldiershotatthetarget,butmisseditagain.这个新兵向靶子射击，但又没有射中。[用法归纳]shootat向……射击(表示动作，不肯定射中)shootsb.dead开枪打死某人shootup猛涨；快速增长；突然出现shootout从里面射出；突然出击；快速长出shootsb.inthehead/back/leg射中某人的头部/背部/腿部shootsb.击中某人shootsb./sth.down将某人/某物击落[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子①Oneofhercousins________(shoot)deadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.②Thehuntershot________thedeer,buthedidn'tshootit.③Themurderer________(shoot)themaninthebackandstolethediamondfromhissuitcase.④Itook________shotatthebeautifulsceneryinthedesert.⑤Afterlastweek'srain,theweedshave________________(快速生长).⑥David____________________________(试着)comingclosetotheinjuredwolf.⑦这株植物的芽很嫩，所以你应当把它放在阴凉处。________________________________________________________________________词语拓展：shotn．射击；放射；投球；击球；镜头；画面；机会；尝试take/fireashot开枪，射击；投球；拍照give/haveashotatsth.尝试易错提示：留意：“shootsb.in＋the＋身体部位”中，身体部位名词前用the。shootatsb.向某人射击(不肯定射中)；shootsb.打中某人。shootsb.dead开枪打死某人，dead是形容词作宾语补足语。＝shootsb.inthe＋部位＝shootsb.'s＋部位如：shoothiminthehead＝shoothishead打中他的头部3.botheredadj.担忧的；苦恼的(教材P31)Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.例如，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。[合作探究]体会bother的用法和意义Don'tbothertogetdinnerforme.请不必费事为我做饭了。I'msorrythatIhavetobotheryouwith/aboutthisproblem.对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。[用法归纳]botherabout担忧；麻烦bothersb.withsth.拿某事来烦扰某人bothertodo/doingsth.花时间/精力做某事cannotbebotheredtodosth.懒得做某事bebotheredaboutsb./sth.关切某人或某事Whybother?何必那么麻烦？Don'tbother.不用麻烦了。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子①SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudentstotalkoverwhat________(bother)them.②Pleasedon'tbother________(buy)meanairticket.I'vegotone.③Mustyoubotherme________suchsillyjokes?④________________(何必那么麻烦)?Wecanstayathomeandwatchfilmsonline.⑤Thefamousmoviestarcouldhardlywalkdownthestreetwithout________________(没有被打搅).⑥我懒得向他说明为什么参与聚会迟到了。________________________________________________________________________词语拓展：botherv．打搅；烦扰；麻烦bothersomeadj.令人苦恼的；麻烦的；厌烦的名师提示：say在句中的意思是“假定，比如说”之意，如：①Let'stakeanywriter,sayDickens.咱们随意拿个作家为例，比方说狄更斯。这里say＝forexample例如。②Sayyouhaveanaccident,whowouldlookafteryou？假如你出了事故，谁来照看你呢？这里say＝if/suppose。4.firmadj.坚实的；稳固的；确定的；坚决的；严格的，严厉的n．公司；商行；事务所(教材P31)TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirmfoundation,andshootsseemsmallandweak,buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延长以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来又小又弱，却可以向着光明冲破砖墙的阻挡。[用法归纳]firmbeliefs坚决的信仰afirmbeliever坚信者firmevidence牢靠的证据holdafirmbelief拥有坚决的信念befirmwithsb.对某人严厉takefirmaction实行严厉行动afirmhand强硬手段；铁腕政策firmsth.up使变得牢固，稳固[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①I________(firm)believethatwemustactatoncetoputanendtotheconflict.②HiscompanyisverybigandhasconnectionswithalotofAmerican________(firm).③Mymother________________________(拥有坚决的信念)thateducationcanchangeone'sfate.④Ifthelocalgovernment________________________(实行严厉行动)atonce,thingswillbecomebettersoon.⑤Hisfather________________________(对……严厉)Jackson,sotheydon'tgetalongwellwitheachother.⑥Exercisecanfirm________yourmuscles.词语拓展：1．firm→firmlyadv.坚信地；坚决地2．foundvt.建立，创建，创立eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(foundasettlement建立一个居民点,foundaresearthinstitute创办一个研,究机构,foundacompany/hospital创办一个公,司/医院))foundsth.onsth.＝basesth.onsth.将一事物建立在另一事物的基础上/以……作为……的基础e．g.anovelfoundedonfact依据事实写成的小说3．foundationn．创立，创办，建立；基金/基金会；基础makeafoundation打基础laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基5.foundationn．基础；基地[用法归纳]laya(firm/solid)foundationfor为……打下(坚实的)基础foundsth.onsth.＝basesth.onsth.把……建立在……的基础上befoundedon...建立在……的基础上[即学即练]单句语法填空/翻译句子①Earlystudylaidafirm________(found)forhisresearch.②Thebusiness,________(found)byMrSmith,hassufferedagreatloss.③Sheplanstostarta________(found)forhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.④严格的训练为他的胜利奠定了坚实的基础。________________________________________________________________________词语拓展：foundvt.创建；创办；建立，创立foundern．创办者，发起人易混提示：findvt.找到，发觉→found→foundfoundvt.创建；建立→founded→foundedfindingn．(复数)findings(调查)发觉(调查)结果foundationn．基础，基地6.involvevt.参与；包含；须要；牵涉，涉及；用心于(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople,andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.正是通过这种令人激烈的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将变更世界。[合作探究]体会involve的用法和意义Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel！不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中！Hewasinvolvedinreadingthenovelallmorning.他整个早上都在用心读小说。Nobodyinmylifereallywantstobeinvolvedwithme.在我的生命中，没有一个人真正想融入我的生活。[用法归纳]involvedoingsth.包含/须要做某事involvesb.insth.把某人牵涉(或牵扯)到某事里be/getinvolvedin/with参与，参与；与……有关beinvolvedwith与……关系亲密[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytoget________(involve)invariousactivitiesonEarthDay.②Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich________(involve)spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.③Runningyourownbusinessusuallyinvolves________(work)longhours.④You'dbetternotbeinvolved________Peter,whoisaddictedtotakingdrugs.⑤Wedidn'trealisehowmuchwork________(involve)inorganisingawedding.⑥Idon'twantto______________________(卷入)thequarrelbetweenTomandJack.⑦Tryto____________________________________(让尽可能多的孩子参与)thegame.词语拓展：involvedadj.参与的；有关联的；困难难懂的involvementn．参与；卷入；牵连；投入；沉迷易错提示：involved作前置定语和后置定语时意义不同：thepeopleinvolved所涉及的人aninvolvedplot困难的情节学问拓展：①dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等表示数量的词在表示详细数量时可干脆后加名词复数形式。如：adozenbooks一打书；ascore(of)books二十本书；twohundreddesks二百张课桌；fivemilliondollars五百万美元②在表示几十，很多，数以百计，数以千计或数以百万计之意思时则用“dozensof＋名词复数”，“scoresof＋名词复数”，“millionsof＋名词复数”，“hundredsof＋名词复数”，“thousandsof＋名词复数”等形式。如：scoresofpeople很多人；thousandsofstudents数以千计的学生但留意“severalhundredpeople几百名人”等表达方式。►其次版块：重点短语1.sufferfrom(身体或精神上)遭遇……(苦痛)(教材P31)Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas“Just­me­ism”．很多人都有所谓的“就我一个”问题。[用法归纳]sufferpain/hardship经验苦痛/困难sufferadefeat/aloss/damage/punishment遭遇失败/损失/损害/惩处sufferfromabadback背疼sufferfromabadcold患重感冒sufferfromillhealth身体不好sufferfromaheadache/toothache头疼/牙疼[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子①Withnorainforoverayear,thecityissuffering________unusuallyhotweather.②Youalwaysturnedadeafeartoouradvice,soyoudeservethe________(suffer)now.③Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees________________(已经遭遇)thegreatestwatershortage.④他的公司遭遇了重大损失。________________________________________________________________________⑤汤姆头痛，所以我建议他去看医生。________________________________________________________________________词语拓展：sufferern．受害者；患者sufferingn．苦痛；难受；苦难2.sowhat那又怎样(教材P31)Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong,butsowhat?你知道这些都是不对的，但那又怎么样？[用法归纳]Whatif...?假如……怎么办？Whatfor?为什么？Whyme?为什么是我？Whynot?为什么不呢？Howcome?怎么会呢？Whocares?(常用于无礼地表示)管它呢，谁管呢？[即学即练]完成句子①—MrsBrownwillbeunhappyifyoudon'tgototheget­together.—________________(那又怎样)?Ihatebeingwithher.②—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________________(为什么是我)?I'vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.③—MichaelwaslateforMrSmith'schemistryclassthismorning.—________________(怎么会呢)?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.④________________(假如……怎么办)theytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?⑤________________goingtothemoviesthisevening?名师提示：这些省略句都是经过长期发展、约定俗成的口语省略结构。很少有人关注其省略的成分。(1)possible/necessary与if,when,where,whenever,wherever连用总是省略itis(2)as...aspossible尽可能……(3)ifonly往往省略虚拟句，表示“要是……就好了”。(4)whatif/though要是/即使……怎么办/样(5)what/howabout...？……如何/怎样？(提出建议或征求对方看法)(6)why/whynotdo...？为什么不这样做呢？3.takeaction实行行动(教材P31)Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,Roots&Shootswasestablished.为了激励年轻人行动起来爱护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。[合作探究]体会takeaction的用法和意义Theytookariskindrivingon,inspiteofthestorm.尽管有暴风雨，他们还是冒险驾车赶路。Thenewlawtakeseffectfromtomorrow.新法律从明天起生效。Weshouldtakemeasures/stepstokeepairandwaterclean.我们应当实行措施保持空气和水的清洁。[用法归纳]takeactionagainst实行行动反对takeactiontodosth.实行行动做某事takemeasurestodosth.实行措施做某事takestepstodosth.实行行动做某事inaction在运转；在活动中intoaction实施；实行outofaction停止运转；失去效用；不能工作[即学即练]单句语法填空/翻译句子/完成句子①It'stimetotakeaction________therisingcrimerateinourcity.②Thelocalgovernmenthastaken________(act)toimproveairquality.③Weshouldtakeaction________(protect)thoseendangeredspecies.④联合国呼吁全部国家马上实行行动。________________________________________________________________________⑤Iwouldliketoseethenewcar__________________.(运转)⑥Iamafraidthecomputeris________________.(停止运转)学问拓展：measure的用法：1．v.量；测量；测量起来是Wemeasuredthedistance.我们测量这段距离。Therowing­boatmeasures20feet.这划艇长20英尺。2．vt.衡量，判定It'shardtomeasurehisabilitywhenwehaven'tseenhisworks.没有见过他的作品，很难衡量他的实力。3．n.步骤；方法takemeasurestodosth.实行措施做某事safetymeasures平安措施4．n.尺寸，尺码，标准makeacoatforsb.tosb.'smeasure依照某人的尺寸为某人做件上衣4.setup建立；创办(教材P31)Thisinstitutewassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall...这个组织于20世纪90年头初由珍·古道尔博士创立……[用法归纳]setaboutdoingsth.起先/着手做某事setouttodosth.起先/着手做某事setaside把……放到一旁；留出(钱或时间)setdown登记，写下；制定；放下setoff动身，动身；引发，激起setout(for)动身(去)，动身(去)setfiretosth.＝setsth.onfire点燃setsb.free释放某人setanexampleto/for为……树立榜样[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Withthehelpofhisuncle,Peterset________acompanyofhisown.②Ifwehadset________heraddress,wewouldn'thavehaddifficultyfindingherhouse.③Weneedtoset________findingawaytodealwiththeproblem.④Theysucceededinwhattheyset________todo.⑤Hedecidedtoset________aschoolforthepoorchildrenfromthemountainvillages.⑥Shesets________abitofmoneyeverymonthforthefutureuse.⑦RalphW.Emersonwouldalways________________(记录)newideasthatoccurredtohim.⑧Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcan________________(起先)preparingyourbusinessplan.⑨Aliceisaverynicegirlandreadytohelpothers.Shehas______________________(为……树立榜样)usandweshouldlearnfromher.⑩Oneafternoonthesailors________________(动身)fromthecoastinasmallboatandwerecaughtinastorm.⑪LangLangInternationalMusicFoundation,________________(被成立)over10yearsago,hasraisedmillionsofdollarstosupportyoungmusicians.一言助记：Thefishermanwassetfree.Hesetdownhissuitcase,setupatentandsetfiretosomewoodtogetwarm.Afterhehadsetadateforgoinghome,hesetaboutpreparingtosetoutnextweek.渔夫被释放了。他放下行李箱，搭了个帐篷，烧了一些木头取暖。在确定了回家的日期之后，他起先做准备下周动身。名师点拨：setaboutdoingsth.中的about在短语中是介词，故about后应用动名词作介词宾语。而setouttodosth.中的out是副词。所以后面不能用名词、代词和动名词，只能用不定式。5.allaroundtheworld全世界(教材P31)Therootsandshootsareyou,yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworld.根和芽就是你、你的挚友和世界各地的年轻人。[用法归纳]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(allovertheworld,allaroundtheworld,throughouttheworld,acrosstheworld,inthewholeworld))全世界[即学即练]完成句子①Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced____________________(全世界).②Theposthassincegainedtheattentionofsocialmediausers____________________(全世界),receivingmorethan184，000sharesand61，500likesinjustthreedays.词义拓展：worldtheworld世界；全世界的人inthewholeworld全世界intheworld①在世界上，在全世界②究竟，原委(用在特别疑问词的后面，用以加强语气。)如：①Whatintheworldareyoudoing？你究竟在干什么？(＝onearth)②Whointheworld/onearthisgoingtoShanghai？究竟/原委谁准备去上海？6.makeadifference(to)(对……)产生影响；(对……)有意义(教材P31)Everyindividualmakesadifference.每个人都会产生影响。[用法归纳]makeabig/greatdifference(to)(对……)产生很大的影响makeno/littledifference(to)(对……)无影响；没关系makesomedifference(to)(对……)有些影响/关系/作用ThereisnodifferencebetweenAandBA和B之间无差别AisdifferentfromBA与B不同[即学即练]完成句子①Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewho________________________(正产生影响)intheworld.②Whatshesayswill________________________(对……无影响)ourplan.③Whatwearedoingnowwill________________________(对……产生很大的影响)thechildren'sfuture.学问拓展：“对……产生影响”的短语haveanimpacton...haveaninfluenceonhaveaneffectonmakeadifferenceto7.haveaneffecton对……有影响；对……有效果(教材P32)Thosepeopledon'tthinktheiractionssuchasleavingthetaprunningwhilebrushingtheirteethcanhavenegativeeffectsontheenvironment.那些人不认为他们的行为如刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流会对环境产生负面影响。[用法归纳]haveabig/great/positive/negative/profoundeffecton...对……有大的/主动的/消极的/深远的影响havenoeffecton对……无影响haveaninfluence/impacton对……有影响[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子①Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscusstheeffectsoftourism________thewildlifeinthisregion.②Ahappyhomeenvironmenthas________goodeffectonchildren'sgrowth.③Thenewtimetablewillcome________effecttomorrow.④Itishopedthatthebehaviourwill________________________(对……有主动的影响)thechildren.⑤Sandstormsusually__________________________(对……有坏的影响)people'shealth.⑥老师的话对我产生了主动的影响，变更了我的生活看法。________________________________________________________________________学问拓展：(1)bring/putsth.intoeffect使生效，实行，实施comeintoeffect生效，起先实施takeeffect起先起作用；生效，起先实施ineffect事实上，事实上(2)leavethetaprunning让水哗哗地流leavethechildrunningabout让孩子四处乱跑leavetheworkundone使工作处于未完成状态leavethetestpaperunfinished使试卷处于未完状态leavethepupilsintheclassroom把学生们丢在教室里不管了►第三版块：重点句式1.make＋宾语＋宾补(教材P31)Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题，变更世界，使其更加宜居。[用法归纳]make＋宾语＋宾补eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(名词/形容词,过去分词,不带to的不定式))makeit＋adj./n.＋todosth.使做某事成为……[即学即练]单句语法填空/翻译句子/完成句子①ThebossmadeMartin________(work)longhours.②Bobmadehimself________(understand)tothewaiterbyusingbodylanguage.③我们让汤姆当班长。________________________________________________________________________④他不停地说话，这让我发疯。________________________________________________________________________⑤你能让这台旧机器运转吗？________________________________________________________________________⑥Theymade____________________________thepoorvillagersinholidays.他们把假期帮助贫困的村民当作一种荣耀。名师点拨：(1)make后不接现在分词作宾补；(2)make后作宾补的不定式不带to，变成被动语态时不定式要带to；(3)“makeit＋adj./n.＋带to的不定式”中it是形式宾语，带to的不定式为真正的宾语。如：Hemadeitaruletohelptheleft­behindclassmateswiththeirhomeworkafterschool.他把放学后帮助被落下的同学当作一条守规。2.sothat引导的目的状语从句(教材P32)Therefore,RootsandShootshopestoinvolvemillionsofyoungpeopleinbuildingasecurefuturesothatwecanliveinpeacewithnature.因此，“根与芽”希望让数以百万计的年轻人参与建设一个平安的将来，以便我们能够与自然和平共处。[用法归纳]本句中sothat引导目的状语从句。sothat还可引导结果状语从句。(1)sothat引导结果状语从句：从句时态表明动作已经发生，且从句中一般不用情态动词，可以用逗号与主句隔开。(2)sothat引导目的状语从句：相当于inorderthat，从句中常有will,would,can,could,may,might等情态动词，表明动作尚未发生。[即学即练]写出句中sothat的意思并指出sothat引导什么状语从句/完成句子/翻译句子①MrsBrownraisedhervoiceso__thatallthestudentscouldhearherclearly.____________②MrsBrownraisedhervoice,so__thatallthestudentsheardherclearly.____________③Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend________________(以便)theycangetsweetenoughtobeeaten.④Tonygotupveryearlythismorning________________(结果)hecaughtthefirsttraintoNewYork.⑤他把自己的房子变成了一所学校，以便孩子们能受到教化。________________________________________________________________________⑥南希没有为考试做准备，所以她没能通过考试。________________________________________________________________________名师提示：so...astodo后跟结果状语；soastodo...后跟目的状语e．g.①Hegotupsoearlythismorningastoarriveatschoolfirst.今早晨他起床那么早结果第一个到达学校。②Hegotupearlythismorningsoasto/inordertoarriveatschoolfirst.他今日早晨起那么早，是为了第一个到达学校。③Hegotupveryearlysothathisparentscouldseehimanearlybird.(主句和从句主语不一样)→Hegotupveryearlyeverymorningsoasforhisparentstobeabletoseehimanearlybird.他每天早晨都早起，以便让父母能看到他很勤奋。3.Itis/was...that...强调结构(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolvethousands—millionsofpeople，...正是通过这种令人激烈的方式我们能让数以千计、数百万计的人共同行动起来……[用法归纳]此句中包含Itis/was...that...强调句结构。该句型可以用于强调主语、宾语、状语等。强调人时，可以用who代替that。(1)对主语进行强调：Itis/was＋主语＋that/who＋其他部分(2)对宾语进行强调：Itis/was＋宾语＋that/who＋其他部分(3)对状语进行强调：Itis/was＋状语＋that＋其他部分[即学即练]完成句子①是他讲的话让我惊讶。________________________surprisedme.②正因为这本书对我很有用，我才要买它。________________________Iwillbuyit.③我们是骑自行车去公园的。Itwas________________thatwewenttothepark.④他昨天是在电视上看到王先生的。Itwas________________thathesawMr.Wangyesterday.⑤是他昨天买了一束花。________________________boughtabunchofflowersyesterday.⑥昨天她望见的人是我。________________________shesawyesterday.⑦他是在10点过后回来的。________________________hecameback.⑧是因为生病他才没有来。Itwas________________________thathedidn'tcome.名师点拨：(1)not...until...句型的强调句Hedidn'tseemeuntilIpattedhimontheshoulder.直到我拍他的肩膀他才看到我。→ItwasnotuntilIpattedhimontheshoulderthathesawme.视察此句可以看出，not...until句型对时间状语从句的强调，须要把not跟until...一起放在被强调部分，而that引出的其他成分不再用not。(2)强调句型的疑问形式①一般疑问句的强调句式是“Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom＋其他部分？”如：Wasitinthepalacethatthelastemperordied?②特别疑问句的强调句式是“特别疑问词(疑问代词或疑问副词)＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？”如：Whowasitthatwrotethesefamousplays?Wherewasitthatyoupickedupthewallet？4.itwouldn'tmatterif...假如……没关系[用法归纳](1)mattervi.有重大关系itdoesn'tmatter没关系/没关系Whatdoesitmattertoyou?这对你有什么关系呢？(2)itwillnotmatterifsb.doessth.某人做某事没关系(3)What'sthematterwithyou?你怎么啦？[即学即练]翻译句子①毫无疑问她会考得很好。________________________________________________________________________②他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。________________________________________________________________________③下周那位科学家真的要给我们做报告吗？________________________________________________________________________④这是怎么发生的，对我来说就是一个谜。________________________________________________________________________⑤目前还不清晰，该路段何时可通行运用。________________________________________________________________________名师点拨：(1)此句型中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是if引导的从句。(2)留意：if引导的主语从句一般不放在句首，而是用it替代放在句首，然后把if从句置于句末。如：①Whatdoesitmatterifwedon'tworkhardatEnglish？假如我们不努力学习英语这又有什么关系呢？②Itdoesmattermuchtousifweworkhardatourlessonsatschool.在学校里努力学习功课对我们至关重要。(此句中does是对谓语动词的强调)5.That'swhat...[用法归纳]what引导的从句放在连系动词后，作表语。可以引导表语从句的词语还有asif,because,that,whether,why...等。[即学即练]完成句子①我的想法是我们应当立刻行动。Myideais________________________________atonce.②问题是他是否诚恳。Thequestionis________________________________．③问题是我们如何找到他。Theproblemis________________________________．④那是我15岁时发生的事。Thatwas________________________________．⑤那就是我不能同你一起去的缘由。That's________________________________．⑥又不是你离开不回来了。Itisn't________________________________forever.⑦那是因为我太爱你了。That's________________________________toomuch.名师点拨：运用连接词时的留意事项：what,when,where等连接词有两种含义：一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述。表示陈述时，相当于thethingthat,thetimewhen,theplacewhere，常译为“……的人、事、话”“……的时间”“……的地点”等。如：①Thisiswhere(theplacewhere)wefoundtheinterest.这就是我们发觉的爱好所在。②Mytopictodayiswhat(＝thethingthat)mostscientistsareresearching.我今日的话题就是大多数科学家正在探讨的课题。③Myquestioniswhenyouwillreturn.我的问题是你何时回来。(when表示疑问)ROOTS①&SHOOTS②Mostpeoplesufferfrom③whatisknownas“Just­me­ism④”.【1】Whatisthat?Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebothered⑤topickitup⑥.Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong,butsowhat?“Whatdifferencecanitpossiblymake？”yousaytoyourself.“TherearemillionsofpeopleintheworldandI'mjustme.HowcanitmatterifIleaveonelittletaprunning,onelittlelightonorleavealittlepieceoflitterontheroad?【2】Andanyway⑦，noonewillknow.”Ofcourse,itwouldn'tmatteriftherewerejustafewpeopleintheworld.Butjustthinkof⑧allthemillionsofpeoplesayingtothemselves:“Itdoesn'tmatter.It'sjustme.And,anyway,nooneknows.”Millionsofgallons⑨ofwaterwouldbewasted;millionsoflightswouldbelefton;millionsofpiecesoflitterwouldbedropped.Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.【1】what引导宾语从句，并且what在从句中作主语。【2】if引导条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中，leaveonelittletaprunning为“leave＋宾语＋宾补(现在分词)”结构。Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeaction⑩fortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,Roots&Shootswasestablished⑪.Thisinstitute⑫wassetup⑬intheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall,ascientistwho'stheworld'sbest­knownexpertonwildchimpanzees⑭.【3】Inadditionto⑮herresearch,shehasbeenwhole­heartedlycommittedto⑯environmentalprotection.ThewholepurposeofRoots&Shootsistoeducateyoungpeople,frompre­schoolers⑰touniversitystudents,sotheycanhelptobuildafuturethatissecureandlivetogetherinpeacewith⑱nature.【4】【3】ascientist是Dr.JaneGoodall的同位语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词ascientist。【4】这是so连接的并列句。不定式短语toeducate...作表语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词afuture。TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirm⑲foundation⑳，andshootsseemsmallandweak,buttheycanbreakopenbrickeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))wallstoreachthelight.【5】Therootsandshootsareyou,yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworldeq\o(○,\s\up1(22)).Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.eq\a\vs4\al(【5】because引导缘由状语从句，but连接表转折的并列句。)Doyouthinkyouhelptomaketheworldabetterplacewhenyoumakeasadpersonsmile,whenyoumakeadogwageq\o(○,\s\up1(23))itstail,andwhenyouwaterathirstyplant?【6】Onecheered­upeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))person,onehappydog,onefloweringplant,andyou.That'swhatRoots&Shootsisallabout:thevalueandimportanceofeachindividual—human,animalorplant.Dr.JaneGoodallbelievesthatthemostimportantthingisthat：“Everyindividualmatterseq\o(○,\s\up1(25)).Everyindividualhasaroletoplay.Everyindividualmakesadifferenceeq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).”Yougettochoose:Doyouwanttouseyourlifetomaketheworldabetterplaceforpeople,animalsandtheenvironment?DoyouwanttomakeRoots&Shootsrootedineveryone'sheart?Doyouwanttobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture?Youcannotbeabsent.eq\a\vs4\al(【6】三个when引导的都是时间状语从句。)Itisbyactingeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))together,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolveeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))thousands—millions—ofpeople,andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.【7】—JaneGoodall【7】本句是一个and连接的并列句。第一个分句是强调句，强调的是介词短语byactingtogether。what引导的是表语从句。[词语积累]①root/ruːt/n.树根v．翻找；搜寻；(使)生根rootedadj.根源的；起源的②shoot/ʃuːt/n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击shootat朝……射击③sufferfrom遭遇④just­me­ism/'dʒəstmi'ɪzəm/n.以自我为中心⑤bothered/'bɒðəd/adj.担忧的；苦恼的notbebotheredtodosth.懒得做某事⑥pickup捡起；捡起⑦anywayadv.不管怎样⑧thinkof考虑；想起；想想⑨gallon/'gælən/n.加仑⑩takeaction实行行动takemeasures实行措施takesteps实行措施⑪establishvt.建立；创办⑫institute/'ɪnstɪtjuːt/n.机构；探讨院⑬setup建立；创办⑭chimpanzee/ˌtʃɪmpæn'ziː/n．黑猩猩⑮inadditionto除……之外inaddition此外；而且⑯becommittedto致力于……(to是介词)commitv．保证；承诺；表达看法；投入⑰pre­schoolersn．学龄前儿童⑱inpeacewith与……和平相处inpeace和平地；祥和地⑲firm/fɜːm/adj.坚实的；稳固的firmlyadv.坚决地；坚信地⑳foundation/faʊn'deɪʃən/n.基础；地基foundv．建立；创办layafirmfoundation打下坚实的基础eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))brick/brɪk/n.砖，砖块eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))allaroundtheworld全世界allovertheworld/throughouttheworld/acrosstheworld全世界eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))wag/wæɡ/vi.&vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)wagone'stail摇尾巴eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))cheered­upadj.欢呼的cheerup使……兴奋；振作起来eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))matterv．重要；有关系(主要用于否定句或疑问句中)eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))makeadifference有影响；重要eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))bydoing通过做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))involve/ɪn'vɒlv/vt.参与；包含beinvolvedin参与，参与beinvolvedwith与……有关系根(root)与芽(shoot)很多人都有所谓的“就我一个(Just­me­ism)”问题。这是什么意思呢？例如，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得(bother)捡起来。你知道这些都是不对的，但那又怎么样？“会有什么差别呢？”你对自己说，“世界上有数百万人，我不过是我自己。假如我不关一个小小的水龙头、一盏小小的灯或在路上掉了一小块垃圾，这会有什么问题？而且不管怎样，也没人会知道。”当然，假如世界上只有几个人，那就无所谓了。但试想要是数百万人都对自己说：“没关系。只有我一个。而且，不管怎样，也没人会知道。”那将会奢侈数百万加仑(gallon)的水，遗忘关掉数百万的灯，掉下数百万块垃圾，而全部的这些将是特别有害的。为了激励年轻人行动起来(takeaction)爱护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”(Roots&Shoots)诞生了。这个组织(institute)于20世纪90年头初由珍·古道尔博士创立，在野生黑猩猩(chimpanzee)探讨领域，她是世界上最闻名的专家。除了自己的科研，她始终全身心地投入环境爱护事业。“根与芽”的目的是教化年轻人，从学龄前儿童到高校生，使他们能够为创建一个平安、与自然和平共处的将来而贡献力气。这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延长以形成坚实的(firm)基础(foundation)，而芽看起来又小又弱，却可以向着光明冲破砖(brick)墙的阻挡。根和芽就是你、你的挚友和世界各地(allaroundtheworld)的年轻人。成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题，变更世界，使其更加宜居。当你使一个哀痛的人破涕为笑，让一只狗摇(wag)尾巴，给一株干渴的植物浇水时，你觉得自己让世界变得更美妙了吗？一个振作起来的人，一只欢乐的狗，一株开花的植物和你。这就是“根与芽”的全部意义：重视每一个个体的价值和重要性，不管是人、动物，还是植物。珍·古道尔博士认为，最重要的是：“每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。”你可以选择：你想通过自己的生活，为了人类、动物和环境而让世界变得更美妙吗？你想让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗？你想成为命运共同体的一员吗？你不能缺席。正是通过这种令人激烈的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与(involve)其中，这将变更世界。——珍·古道尔Ⅰ.背短语—记坚固：依据本课内容，写出下面汉语对应的英语短语1．除……以外(还)________________2．致力于，献身于________________3．全世界________________4．使世界成为一个更好的地方_________