新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4NaturalDisasters学业质量检测新人教版必修第一册

UNIT4学业质量检测第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whydoesthemanlookattheskyeveryday？BA．Toenjoyit.B．Toforeseetheweather.C．Towatchthesun.2．Whenwasthemansupposedtoarrive？AA．At735. B．At800.C．At825.3．Whatisthewomanspeakeraskingfor？CA．Moregrapes.B．Higherprice.C．Morecustomercare.4．Whydoesn'tthemanworkouttheproblem？BA．He'sstupid.B．He'soffthepoint.C．Hehasacomplexthought.5．Whatwillthewomanspeakerdotoday？CA．Takeadayoff.B．Gotoseeadoctor.C．Attendameeting.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatcan'tthemaneattogrowthinner？CA．Foodwithfibre.B．Friedchicken.C．Sweetfood.7．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？BA．Fatheranddaughter.B．Motherandson.C．Brotherandsister.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．What'sthewomanspeaker'splan？CA．TotravelaroundAmerica.B．Tospendthevacationwithfriends.C．ToreturntoAmericatovisitherfamily.9．WhodoesthewomanspeakerhopetogotoAmerica？CA．Hergrandmother.B．Hercousin.C．Herparentsandsister.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace？AA．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.11．What'sMichelle'sstrongdesire？BA．Tolookalright.B．Tolookgreat.C．Tolookbig.12．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？CA．Bossandsecretary.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Husbandandwife.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whendidthewomanfinishwritingtheletter？AA．Thismorning.B．Yesterdayafternoon.C．Lastnight.14．Whatistheletterintendedtodo？AA．Applyforaposition.B．Applyforadate.C．Showthewoman'sthanks.15．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheletterwriting？CA．Veryeasy.B．Quitefun.C．Veryhard.16．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？BA．Husbandandwife.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Managerandsecretary.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhendidthespeakergetthegiftofaniPhone？CA．Threemonthsago.B．Twoandhalfyearsago.C．Uponhergraduation.18．Wherewasthemobilephonestolen？AA．Inthepocket.B．Inthebag.C．Onthebus.19．Whatdidthespeakerfirstdoafterthemobilephonewasstolen？BA．Callthepolice.B．Hurryhomeforanotherone.C．Cryloudly.20．Whatdoesthespeakerintendtotellus？CA．HerfavouriteiPhone.B．Herrelationshipwithherparents.C．AnunforgettableexperienceaboutherlostiPhone.听力原文Text1W：Howoftendoyoulookatthesky?M：IthinkIlookattheskyprettymucheveryday，butmaybenotintentionally.NormallyIjusttakealookatitandseewhattheweatherislike.Text2W：HowwasthedinneratPaul'shouselastnight?M：Well，itwasOK，butImadesomemistakes.Iarrivedat800，butIwassupposedtoarrive25minutesearlier.Text3M：Wehopeyou'repleasedwiththegrapesandtheprice!W：Yes，thepriceisverycompetitiveandifyoucanguaranteeabitmore“customercare”，thenI'msurewe'llbebuyingfromyouagain.Text4W：Haveyouworkedouttheanswertothisproblem?M：Notyet.Ijustcan'tcalculatetheresult.W：Letmesee.Ah，yourcalculationiswayoffbeam.Lookhere.Text5M：Youdon'tlooktoowell.Maybeyoushouldtakeadayofffromwork.W：Icouldn'tdothat.Ihaveanimportantmeetingtogotoattendtoday.Text6M：HowcanIgrowthinner，Mum?W：Well，youhavetoeatfoodwithplentyoffibrethathelpsyoudigestbetter.Andyoushouldstopdrinkingcolaandeatingsweetfood.M：DoesitmeanIshouldn'teatmyfavouritefriedchickenanymore?W：Notexactly.Ifyoulovefriedchicken，youneedn'tgiveitup.Justeatitlessoften.Youdon'thavetoworrytoomuch—alittlefriedchickenwilldoyougood!Text7M：Now，ourvacationiscomingup.Areyougoingtogohomeandseeanyofyourfamily?W：Yeah，myplanistogobacktoAmericaandvisiteveryonethereforacoupleofweeks.Sayhellotoeveryonewhoisthere，suchasmygrandmother，mycousins，myfriendsandsoon.M：Soareyourparentsandsistergoingtobethere?W：I'mnotsure.I'mhopingthatwecancometogetherforsomekindoffamilyreunion.M：Well，Ihopeyouallmakeit.W：Thanks.Text8M：Hi，Michelle.Howareyoutoday?W：I'mprettysleepy，tobehonest.M：DidIwakeyouup?W：No，don'tworry.Iwokeupanhourago.Ihavetogooutsoon.I'mjoininganewgym.M：Youdon'tneedto.Ithinkyoulookalright.W：Idon'twanttolookalright；Iwanttolookgreat.M：Well，don'tpushyourselftoohard.Thefirstshow'stomorrow.W：Relax，Adam.Nothingbadisgoingtohappen.M：Takecare.Text9W：Goodmorning，MrSmith.MayIcomein?M：Hi.Comein.W：CouldyousparemeafewminutestogoovertheletterI'vejustwritten?YouseeI'veneverwrittenaletterinEnglishbefore，soI'veprobablymadelotsoferrors.M：OK.Pleasesitdown.What'stheletterintendedtodo?W：I'mapplyingforanappointmentasavisitingscholaratMIT(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology)．M：Oh，that'swonderful.W：ButfordaysI'vebeenstaringatablankpieceofpaperwonderinghowtobeginandwhattosay.I'vefinallyfinishedthismorning，butIdon'tknowifit'sOK.M：Letterwritingisn'tsodifficult，thoughmanypeoplethinkitis.Alittlepracticewillconvinceyouthattowriteisaseasyastospeak.W：Well，itisn'tsoeasytospeakEnglish，either.ButIdobelievethatIcanimprovewithalotofpractice.M：Good.Let'sgoovertheletter.W：OK.Hereyouare.Text10W：IrememberabouttwoyearsagoIlostmymobilephoneonthewayhome，whichwasthelatestversionofthePhonegivenbymyparentsasmygraduationpresent.Itwasactuallyinmyhandsfornomorethanthreemonths.Iusuallyplacethemobilephoneinthebagbutthatdayafterreplyingtothetextmessagesfromafriend，Iimmediatelyputthephoneinthepocketfortheconvenience，andthenwenttothebusstationtotakeabus.Duringthetimewaitingforabus，Isuddenlyfoundthephonewasmissing！Myheartmissedseveralbeats.Ididn'trememberwhenandhowitwasstolen.Ihurriedhomeandusedanotherdevicetowipealltheurgentdatafrommyphone.Igreatlyregrettednotbeingcarefulofthethief.Forme，whatIlostwasnotjustaniPhone，butamemorablegiftwhichrepresentslovefrommyparents.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AABigFloodMorethan10,000peopleweremadehomelessinTernangwhentheSungaiMasoverfloweditsbanksyesterdayaftersixdaysofcontinuousheavyrain.Thewoodenbridgeacrosstheriverhasbeenwashedaway.Thetowniscutoffbyfloodwaters.Atthefifthmile，JalanTengkn,thewateristwometersdeep.Itisclosedtoalltraffic.Floodingfirsthappenedatmid-afternoonyesterdayalongtheriverbanks.Peopletryingtogettohighergroundwerejustintimetoescapethedestroyingoftheflood.Mostofthefloodvictims(受害者)hadtoleavealltheirthingsbehind.TheNationalFloodRelief(救济)Centerwasreportedtogiveitshelpandbyearlyeveningthewholetownwasmovedout,helpedbythearmy,police,RedCrossSocietyandvolunteers.ThefloodvictimsarenowhousedindifferentsimplereliefcentersinthenearbytownofTernang.“Everythingpossibleisbeingdonetohelptheunluckypeople，”agovernmentspokesmansaid，“Infact，money，foodandclothinghavebeguntocomeinfrompublicorganizationsandhelpfulpeople.ADisasterReliefFund(救灾基金会)willbestartedassoonaspossible.”AccordingtothelatestreportsitisstillrainingheavilyatTernang.Thewholetownisexpectedtobewhollycoveredbythewater.Sofarnodeathshavebeenreported.文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了发生在特南的洪水。21．ItseemsthatthefloodhappenedjustbecauseD.A．thebanksweretoolowB．thewoodenbridgeissolidC．theriverwastoonarrowD．theyhadhadwetdaysforsometime解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Morethan10,000peopleweremadehomelessinTernangwhentheSungaiMasoverfloweditsbanksyesterdayaftersixdaysofcontinuousheavyrain.”可知，在连续6天的暴雨之后，特南发生洪水，导致1万多人无家可归。故选D。22．FromthepassageweknowthatC.A．thoughthetownwasflooded，youcouldstillgotherebybusB．assoonasthewaterflowedoverthebanks，peoplebegantogotohigherlandsC．thegovernmentandthewholesocietyaretakinggreatcareofthefloodvictimsD．thefloodhasn'tbroughtalargelosstothetownasnobodydiedintheflood解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段“TheNationalFloodRelief(救济)Centerwasreportedtogiveitshelpandbyearlyeveningthewholetownwasmovedout，helpedbythearmy，police，RedCrossSocietyandvolunteers.(据报道，国家抗洪救灾中心供应了帮助，到傍晚时分，在军队、警察、红十字会和志愿者的帮助下，整个城镇的人都被撤离了。)”可知，灾民受到政府和社会各界的救助。故选C。23．ThispassageisprobablytakenfromD.A．astorybook B．atextbookC．amagazine D．anewspaper解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段的内容可知，依据最新的报道，特南仍在下大雨。预料整个城镇将被水完全沉没。到目前为止还没有死亡报告。由此可推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，最可能出自报纸，故选D。BEarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth'splates.Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.Scientistsdon'treallyknowifanearthquakeisaforeshockuntilthebiggerearthquakeoccurs.Shockwavesfromanearthquakethattravelthroughthegroundarecalledseismicwaves(地震波)．Theyaremostpowerfulatthecentreoftheearthquake,buttheytravelthroughmuchoftheearthandbacktothesurface.Theymovequicklyat20timesthespeedofsound.Scientistsuseseismicwavestomeasurehowbiganearthquakeis.Theyuseadevicecalledaseismograph(地震仪)tomeasurethesizeofthewaves.Thesizeofthewavesiscalledthemagnitude.TotellthestrengthofanearthquakescientistsuseascalecalledtheMomentMagnitudeSçaleorMMS(itusedtobecalledtheRichterscale)．ThelargerthenumberontheMMS,thelargertheearthquake.Youusuallywon'tevennoticeanearthquakeunlessitmeasuresatleasta3ontheMMS.Herearesomeexamplesofwhatmayhappendependingonthescale：4．0—Couldshakeyourhouseasifalargetruckwerepassingcloseby.Somepeoplemaynotnotice.5．0—Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.6．0—Itemswillfalloffshelves.Wallsinsomehousesmaycrackandwindowsbreak.Prettymucheveryonenearthecentrewillfeelthisone.7．0—Weakerbuildingswillcollapseandcrackswilloccurinbridgesandonthestreet.8．0—Manybuildingsandbridgesfalldown.Largecracksintheearth.9．0andup—Wholecitiesflattenedandlarge-scaledamage.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了关于地震的相关事实，如地震产生的缘由、大地震前后会有小地震、地震波的含义、地震强度的测量方式以及不同级别的地震可能会发生的一些事情。24．Ifa5.0-magnitudeearthquakehityourarea,whatmighthappen？CA．Yourhousemightshakeviolently.B．Реoplemightfeelnoshakingatall.C．Thefamilyphotomayfalloffthewall.D．Theremightbecrackseverywhereonthestreet.解析：推理推断题。依据倒数第五段“5.0—Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.(假如你在车里，它可能会摇摆。杯子和盘子可能会发出响声。窗户可能破裂。)”可知假如你所在地区发生5.0级地震，全家福可能会从墙上掉下来有可能发生。故选C。25．WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2？AA．It'sstillhardtotellforeshocksfrommainearthquakes.B．Scientistscan'texactlymeasurethestrengthofanearthquake.C．Peoplemayignoreforeshockswhenanearthquakeisnotsostrong.D．Theearthquakewon'tcauseanydamageunlessitreaches9.0MMS.解析：句义揣测题。依据其次段中的“Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.(一般来说，大地震前后会有小地震。之前发生的被称为前震。之后发生的称为余震。)”可推知直到大地震发生，科学家才真正知道这次地震是否是前震。可知画线句子意思为“前震和主震仍旧很难区分”。故选A。26．ThewriterexplainstheconceptsconcerningtheearthquakebyB.A．listingexamplesB．givingexplanationsC．makingcomparisonsD．offeringdata解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.(这些板块在很长一段时间内缓慢移动。有时被称为断层线的边缘会被卡住，但板块仍在移动。在边缘被卡住的地方，压力起先渐渐增大，一旦压力足够大，板块就会突然移动，引起地震。)”主要为说明地震产生的缘由，可知作者通过说明缘由的论证方式来说明白有关地震的概念。故选B。27．ThepassageiswrittenmainlytoD.A．enrichpeople'sknowledgeofself-rescueindisastersB．stresstheimportanceofearthquakerescueC．issueearlywarningsbeforeanearthquakeD．presentfactsabouttheearthquake解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“EarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth'splates.(地震通常发生在地球板块的大部分边缘。)”，以及下文主要说明白关于地震的相关学问，可知这篇文章主要是为了介绍地震的相关事实。故选D。CHurricaneHarvey.HurricaneIrma.HurricaneSandy.Thesenamesforhurricanesmightsoundlovely,butthey'renotinamess.Sohowdoscientistspickwhichnametouse?Inthebeginning,hurricanesintheWestIndieswerenamedafterthesaints'nameswhenthestormhit.Forexample,thereweretwoHurricaneSanFelipesinPuertoRico—onethathitonSeptember13,1876,andtheotherthathitonthesamedayin1928.Bythe1900s,Australianscientistsstartedanewsystem.Insteadofnaminghurricanesafterthesaints,theystartedusingwomen'snames,andtheUnitedStatesfollowedin1953.By1979,men'snameswereaddedtothelist.Later,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)cameupwithagroupofnamesbeforethestormshit.Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach—oneforeveryletterexceptQ，U，X，Y，andZ—tobeusedeachyearintheAtlantic.SosomeofthenextAtlantichurricanenamesyoucanexpecttoseeareKatia,Lee,MariaandOphelia.ThePacificHurricanegetsitsnamefromsixdifferentlists，whichincludeeveryletterexceptQandU．Everytimeastormhits,scientiststakeanamedownthatyear'slist.SosomeofthenamesforthePacificHurricanesthisyearare：Hilary,Irwin,JovaandKenneth.Oncesixyearsgoby?Thenamingstartsagainwiththefirstlist.Forexample，oneoftheAtlanticHurricaneswasArlene，andthatwillbethenameforthefirsthurricanein2024,too.Iftherehappenstobemorethan21hurricanesinoneyear(or24inthePacific)，therestwillcomefromtheGreekletters.Nowthatthelistsaremade，it'shardtochangethenames.Thelistsonlychangeifthere'saparticularlybadstorm.TheWMOdecidesifitwilltakeanynamesoffthelistduringitsmeetingeveryyear.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飓风是如何命名的以及给太平洋和大西洋飓风命名的不同之处。28．WhatwerehurricanesnamedafterintheWestIndiesatfirst？DA．Men'snames.B．TheGreekletters.C．Women'snames.D．Thesaints’names.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Inthebeginning,hurricanesintheWestIndieswerenamedafterthesaints’nameswhenthestormhit.”可知，西印度群岛的飓风最初以圣人的名字命名。故选D。29．WhichofthefollowingmaybeusedforthenameofahurricaneintheAtlantic？CA．Queen. B．Ulaina.C．Selian. D．Yachila.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段其次、三句“Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach...seeareKatia,Lee,MariaandOphelia.”可知，该组织每年在大西洋上运用六份名单，每一份名单上有21个名字，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z外，每个字母都对应一个名字。结合选项可知，Selian的首字母不是以上的5个字母，所以可以用于大西洋飓风的名称。故选C。30．Howwillthe25thhurricaneinthePacificinoneyearbenamed？AA．ByborrowingtheGreekletters.B．Bynamingafterafamousperson.C．ByusingnameslikeKatiaorOphelia.D．Bychoosinganamefromthesixlists.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第五段第四句“Iftherehappenstobemorethan21hurricanesinoneyear(or24inthePacific)，therestwillcomefromtheGreekletters.”可知，太平洋一年内的第25次飓风将借用希腊字母命名。故选A。31．Whatcanweknowaboutthenamelistsofhurricanes？DA．Theycan'tbereused.B．TheyweremadebyAmericanscientists.C．Theycan'tbechanged.D．TheyaredifferentinthePacificandtheAtlantic.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段其次句“Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach—oneforeveryletterexceptQ，U，X，Y，andZ—tobeusedeachyearintheAtlantic.”可知，大西洋飓风运用六份名单，每一份名单上有21个名字，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z外，每个字母都对应一个名字。依据第四段第一句“ThePacificHurricanegetsitsnamefromsixdifferentlists,whichincludeeveryletterexceptQandU．”可知，太平洋飓风的名字来自六个不同的名单，除了Q和U之外的每个字母都包括在内。由此可推知，太平洋和大西洋的飓风名单是不同的。故选D。DFiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestrecentlyhavebeenmakingtheheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生态多样性)．Asthelargestrainforestintheworld，theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled“thelungsoftheworld”．Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen，ensuringthatlesscarbonisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity，”ThomasLovejoy，anecologistatGeorgeMasonuniversitytoldNationalGeographic.“Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere，”hestressed.“Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected，”UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchshowthatatotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinBrazilinthefirst8monthsof2024,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2024.“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentcomparedtothelast12months，”CarlosNobre，aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo，toldGermanbroadcasterDeutschewelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(恶化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined，buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨林火灾造成严峻的后果以及爱护亚马孙热带雨林的迫切性。32．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？AA．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.解析：段落大意题。依据其次段第一句中的“theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled‘thelungsoftheworld’”以及第三句中的“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”可知，亚马孙热带雨林被称为“地球之肺”，广袤的雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。由此可知，其次段主要讲亚马孙雨林的重要作用。故选A。33．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph？DA．Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheurgencyofprotectingtherainforest.解析：推理推断题。依据第四段中的“atotalof71,497forestfireswereregistered...in2024”可知，2024年前8个月巴西森林火灾的数量比2024年前8个月多很多。再依据第四段中的“theforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentcomparedtothelast12months”可知，巴西亚马孙河流域的森林面积比过去12个月削减了20%到30%。由此可推知，作者提到第四段中的数字是为了说明爱护雨林的迫切性。故选D。34．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage？CA．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity”可知，雨林火灾威逼生物多样性和人类生活；再依据最终一段中的“Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest，whosedegradation(恶化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.”可知，巴西拥有大约60%的亚马孙雨林，其恶化会对全球气候有严峻后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告知我们，雨林火灾会造成严峻后果。故选C。35．Whichsectionofanewspapermightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom？BA．Cultureandlife.B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety.D．Scienceandtechnology.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“theywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生态多样性)”和其次段中的“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”并结合全文内容可推知，本文讲解并描述的是亚马孙雨林火灾及其严峻后果，所以本文最有可能摘自报纸的自然地理部分。故选B。其次节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inmostsituations,youcanprotectyourselfifyouimmediately：DROPdownontoyourhandsandkneesbeforetheearthquakeknocksyoudown.Thispositionprotectsyoufromfallingbutallowsyoutostillmoveifnecessary.36.CIfthereisnoshelternearby,getdownnearaninteriorwallornexttolow-lyingfurniturethatwon'tfallonyou,andcoveryourheadandneckwithyourarmsandhands.HOLDONtoyourshelter(ortoyourheadandneck)untiltheshakingstops.37.GIfyouareinside,stayinside.DONOTrunoutsideortootherroomsduringanearthquake.Youarelesslikelytobeinjuredifyoustaywhereyouare.38.DIfpossible,withinthefewsecondsbeforeshakingbecomesstrong,quicklymoveawayfromglass,hangingobjects,bookcases,orotherlargefurniturethatcouldfall.39.BIfavailablenearby,catchsomethingtoprotectyourheadandfacefromfallingbrokenbitsandglass.Ifyouareinthekitchen,quicklyturnoffthestoveandtakecoveratthefirstsignofshaking.Ifyouareinbed,holdonandstaythere,protectingyourheadwithapillow.40.E.Brokenglassonthefloorcancauseinjuriesifyouwalkorrollontothefloor.A．Herearesometipsforyoutofollow.B．Watchforfallingobjects,suchaslightfixtures,wallhangings,highshelves,andsoon.C．COVERyourheadandneck(andyourentirebodyifpossible)underastrongtableordesk.D．Toreduceyourchancesofbeinghurt,takethefollowingactions：E．Youarelesslikelytobeinjuredstayingwhereyouare.F．Runoutsidewhenitisnecessary.G．Bepreparedtomovewithyourshelteriftheshakingshiftsitaround.文章大意：本文是一篇科普小品文。讲地震中如何爱护自己的各种方法，是教材唐山大地震的延长阅读，具有较强的好用性。解析：36.从本空下一句“Ifthereisnoshelternearby,getdownnearaninteriorwallornexttolow-lyingfurniturethatwon'tfallonyou”我们可以推断这里讲的应当是找有坚实物体的地方能爱护好自己。故选C。37.这一空上一句讲要抓住遮挡物，接下来就应当讲假如遮挡物发生移动，你也应当随之移动，以接着获得爱护。故选G。38.这一句要连接上下文，文章接着讲的都是在各种状况下如何执行自我爱护的方法。故选D。39.接着上一句“Ifpossible,withinthefewsecondsbeforeshakingbecomesstrong,quicklymoveawayfromglass,hangingobjects,bookcases,orotherlargefurniturethatcouldfall.”要尽量远离可能落下的物体。故选B。40.这一空上一句讲“Ifyouareinbed,holdonandstaythere,protectingyourheadwithapillow.”待在原地，爱护好头部，所以接着应当讲待在原地，受伤的概率小。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Justsignhere,sir，”thedeliveryman(送货员)saidashehandedOscarReynaapackage.Thepackageconsistedof(包括)along,narrowbox41.Bwrappedinbrownpaper.42.Athebox,Oscarsawanumbrellainside—averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle.43.Dhehadnotseenitformorethan20years,herecogniseditimmediately.Oscarwas16whenhefirstsawthe44.Bumbrella.Hehadgonetoaconcertwithhisgrandparents.Astheywereleaving,henoticedanumbrellaonanemptyseat.Impressedbyits45.A,Oscarfeltastrongdesiretofinditsowner.Oscar46.Cthemanagertolookintherecordofadvanceticketsales.Justashethought,anamematchedtheseat47.DOscarhadfoundtheumbrella.ThenamewasMrs.KatieO'Brien.OscartalkedhisgrandparentsintogoingbyMrs.O'Brien'shouseontheirwayhome.Herangthebell,thedooropened,andanelderlywomanappeared.“MayI48.Byou？”sheasked.“I'dliketoreturnitifit'syours，”Oscarsaid,49.Dtheumbrellaasifpresentingagiftthathadlongbeenwishedfor.“Why,yes!it'smine，”repliedMrs.O'Brienwitha50.Asmileandshiningeyes.“Itwasgiventomebymyfatheryearsago.Thankyousomuchforreturningit.MayIofferyouarewardforyour51.B？”“No,ma'am.”hesaid,“mygrandmothersaysthatagooddeedisitsownreward.”“Well,that's52.Cwhatmyfatherusedtosay.Whatisyourname,youngman？”Yearslater,OscarwasstaringatthefinelycarvedhandleoftheumbrellaasherememberedMrs.O'Brien.Itwasinperfectcondition,consideringhow53.Aitwas.Whyhaditarrivedheretoday?Asif54.D,anotefellfromthepaper.Itread:Mrs.O'Brienwantedyoutoacceptthisumbrellaasapresentforakind,55.Cgesturelongago.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了Oscar拾金不昧，捡到别人的伞之后专程还给失主，很多年之后又收到失主赠送伞的故事。这个故事告知了我们——善有善报。41．A.strictly B．carefullyC．seriously D．roughly解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：包袱里有一个又长又窄的盒子，用牛皮纸细致地包着。strictly“严格地”；carefully“细致地”；seriously“肃穆地”；roughly“粗略地”。依据下文“averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle”可知，此处指这把伞虽然很久，但是雕刻精致没有损坏，所以装伞的盒子应当是被细致地包着。故选B。42．A.Opening B．SeizingC．Packing D．Searching解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Oscar打开盒子，看到里面有一把伞——一把很旧的伞，伞柄上雕刻着精致的花纹。Opening“打开”；Seizing“抓住”；Packing“包装”；Searching“搜寻”。依据下文“Oscarsawanumbrellainside”可推知，此处指Oscar打开包袱的盒子，看到了里面的伞。故选A。43．A.After B．WhenC．Since D．Although解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他已经有20多年没见过它了，但他立刻就认出了它。After“在……之后”；When“当……时候”；Since“自从”；Although“虽然”。依据下文“hadnotseenit”和“recognised”的对比关系，可推知，此处指虽然Oscar有20多年没见过那把雨伞了，但是还是马上认出来了。故选D。44．A.ordinary B．unusualC．amazing D．formal解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Oscar16岁时第一次看到这把不寻常的雨伞。ordinary“一般的”；unusual“不寻常的”；amazing“令人惊异的”；formal“正式的”。依据上文“43hehadnotseenitformorethan20years,herecogniseditimmediately.”可推知，这把伞是很不寻常的，所以才给Oscar留下了深刻的印象，让他马上认出来。故选B。45．A.beauty B．shapeC．size D．history解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的漂亮给Oscar留下了深刻的印象，Oscar剧烈地渴望找到它的主子。beauty“漂亮”；shape“形态”；size“尺寸”；history“历史”。依据第四段中的“averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle”和下文最终一段“Yearslater,Oscarwasstaringatthefinelycarvedhandleoftheumbrella”可推知，此处指这把伞很美，让Oscar印象深刻。故选A。46．A.ordered B．forcedC．advised D．encouraged解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Oscar建议经理查看事先的门票销售记录。order“吩咐”；force“强迫”；advise“建议”；encourage“激励”。结合下文“themanagertolookintherecordofadvanceticketsales”可推知，此处指Oscar建议经理查看事先的门票销售记录。故选C。47．A.that B．beforeC．which D．where解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：正如他所想，Oscar找到放雨伞的座位上有一个名字。that“那个”；before“之前”；which“哪一个”；where“在那里”。分析句子结构可知，“Oscarhadfoundtheumbrella”为定语从句，修饰先行词“theseat”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故选D。48．A.request B．helpC．trouble D．know解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我能帮你吗？”她问。request“恳求”；help“帮助”；trouble“麻烦”；know“知道”。依据上文“Herangthebell,thedooropened,andanelderlywomanappeared.”可推知，此处指Oscar按响了门铃，因此开门的人问他是否须要帮助。故选B。49．A.puttingup B．givingoutC．pickingup D．holdingout解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：“假如是你的，我想还给你，”Oscar说着，递出了伞，似乎送出了一件盼望已久的礼物。putup“供应”；giveout“分发”；pickup“捡起”；holdout“递出”。依据上文“returnit”以及下文“asifpresenting”可推知，此处指Oscar把伞像一件礼物一样递给了老妇人。故选D。50．A.wide B．confidentC．curious D．positive解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哎呀，是的！它是我的，”O'Brien夫人回答说，眼睛闪闪发光，脸上绽开绚丽的笑容。wide“宽的”；confident“自信的”；curious“新奇的”；positive“主动的”。依据下文“smileandshiningeyes”可推知，此处指O'Brien夫人脸上露出绚丽的微笑。固定搭配“widesmile”意为“绚丽的微笑”。故选A。51．A.honour B．kindnessC．courage D．determination解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以答谢你的好意吗？honour“荣誉”；kindness“善意”；courage“志气”；determination“决心”。依据上文“offeryouareward”可推知，