福建省2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

2024～2025学年高三11月测评(福建)英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenshouldtheplanetakeofforiginally?A.At10:50.B.At10:30.C.At10:20.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamarket.B.Inastore.C.Inamuseum.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Buyingacupofcoffee.B.Returningapairofgloves.C.Askingaboutalostproperty.4.Howdoesthemangettowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.5.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Coworkers.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonext?A.Createanewposter.B.Asktheteacher’sadvice.C.Changethethemeofthefestival.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whyisthemangoingtotheshow?A.Tosatisfyhisinterest.B.Tosupportafriend.C.Tobuyoriginalworks.9.Howmuchdoesthemostexpensiveworkcost?A.$1,000.B.$9,000.C.$90,000.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.WhatwasStevecrazyaboutbeforehewas8yearsold?APlayingtheguitar.B.Playingfootball.C.Listeningtorecords.11.WheredidSteve’sfatherwork?A.Atamusicstudio.B.Atafiredepartment.C.Ataschool.12.HowdidStevefeelwhenhehappenedtohearhisfather’srecords?A.Amazed.B.Confused.C.Depressed.13.WhathelpedStevetobeagreatguitarplayer?A.Hisfather’sencouragement.B.Thelessonshetookafterhegothisguitar.C.Therecordshelistenedtoinhischildhood.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatshouldthewomandowithconstantaches?A.Takearest.B.Continuerunning.C.Turntoadoctor.15.Whatkindofshoesshouldthewomanchoose?A.Softshoes.B.Durableshoes.C.Arch-supportingshoes.16.Whatshouldarunnerpayattentiontowhilerunning?A.Stretching.B.Sufficientwater.C.A5-minutecooldown.17.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Apatientaskingthedoctorforadvice.B.Asportsfaninterviewingasportsstar.C.Awomanconsultingarunningexpert.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howcanacleanupeventbefound?A.Byjoiningawaste-tacklingcommunity.B.ByreferringtoamapontheInternet.C.Bysigninguptobevolunteeronline.19.Whatistobedonefirstwhenacleanupeventisorganised?A.Fixatimeandplace.B.Advertiseforhelpers.C.Gathersupplies.20.Whoshouldbecontactedifthelocationtothrowthewasteisnotclear?A.Organisersoftheevent.B.Experiencedvolunteers.C.Wastetreatmentdepartment.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYoumightwanttospendyourtimeinhighschoolpursuingacademicprojects.Whilewehighlyrecommendthat,exploringinternship(实习)opportunitiescanbeapowerfulwayforyoutodevelopreal-worldskills.Now,let’sdiveintoacomprehensivereviewofLadderinternships.WhatisLadderInternships?LadderInternshipsisaselectiveprogrammeforhighschoolstudentstoworkwithstartups.Aspartoftheirinternship,eachstudentwillworkonareal-worldprojectandpresenttheirworkattheendoftheirinternship.WhocanparticipateinLadderInternships?Theprogrammeisopentohighschoolstudents,undergraduatesandgapyearstudents!However,youmustmakesurethatyoucancommitfrom10-15hourseveryweekfor8weeks.WhatcanyouexpectasaLadderintern?Theprogrammestartswithyourplacementdecision.Ladderworkscloselywithcompaniestopre-determinebite-sizedprojectsthatareofgenuineusetothecompanies.Ifyouareinterestedinworkinginaspecificareaandconveyitintheapplicationform,chancesarethatyou’llgetpairedwithacompanythatreflectstheseinterests!Regularmeetingsanddiscussionaboutdeliverables:Throughoutthe8-weekinternship,youwillhavea45-minutemeetingwithyourinternmanagerweekly.Youwillalsodiscussweeklydeadlinesandprogressgoals.Consultyourcoachinthecompany,whowillgiveyoufeedbackonyourwork.AttheWeek4mark,youcanshowyourfirstdeliverabletothecompany,andatWeek8,youwillpresentyourfinalprojecttothecompany!Whatisthecostoftheprogramme?The8-weekprogrammecosts$1,990.Ifthecostisabarrier,youcanconsiderapplyingforfinancialaid.1.What’stheminimumtimeforaninterntoinvestintheprogramme?A.8hours. B.15hours. C.80hours. D.120hours.2.Whatwillaninterndointheprogramme?A.Workonlinewithprojectmanagers. B.Turntothecoachforguidance.C.Discusstheprogresswithteammates. D.SubmitthefinalworkresultatWeek4.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Managershiringnewworkers. B.Schoolsinpursuitofcooperation.CStudentseagerforhands-onskills. D.Gap-yearstudentslookingforjobs.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合高中生的“阶梯实习”项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhocanparticipateinLadderInternships?部分“However,youmustmakesurethatyoucancommitfrom10-15hourseveryweekfor8weeks.(但是，你必须确保你可以在8周内每周投入10-15个小时。)”可知，这个项目每周至少需要投入10个小时，八周至少需要80个小时。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatcanyouexpectasaLadderintern?部分“Consultyourcoachinthecompany,whowillgiveyoufeedbackonyourwork.(咨询你公司的教练，他会给你工作上的反馈)”可知，实习生要向教练寻求指导。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Youmightwanttospendyourtimeinhighschoolpursuingacademicprojects.Whilewehighlyrecommendthat,exploringinternshipopportunitiescanbeapowerfulwayforyoutodevelopreal-worldskills.(你可能希望在高中期间花时间追求学术项目。虽然我们强烈推荐这样做，但探索实习机会也可以成为你发展实际技能的强大方式。)”可知，本文的目标读者为渴望实践技能的学生。故选C项。BThissummer,Imarkedwhatsomecalla“milestonebirthday”.Myapproachtobirthdaysisusuallytwofold:feartheminadvanceandbeartheminthemoment.Butthisyear,Idecidedtoconfrontmybirthdaydirectlyinsteadoftoleratingitawkwardly.Ratherthanwaittoreceivecardsandgifts,whynotcelebratemybirthdaybygivingpresentstoothers?Maybeturningtraditionupsidedownwouldassuagemydiscomfort.Sciencewasonmyside.Studieshavefoundthatspendingmoneyonothersmakesushappierthanspendingmoneyonourselves.“Weobservethisallovertheworld,eveninplaceswherepeoplearestrugglingtomeettheirownbasicneeds.Charitablecontributionsactivatetherewardcentresofourbrainthatsparkfordelightssuchasmusicandfood,”ElizabethDunn,aUniversityofBritishColumbiapsychologyprofessortoldme.Armedwiththesestudies,Ibeganplanningmyexperiment.Thegifthadtobesmallenoughtomailinanenvelopeandmeaningfulenoughtotouchhearts.Idecidedonpencils.Ilocatedavendor(商贩)inCentralCaliforniawhocouldcustomizepencils.Iorderedtheminpinktohonourmylastname.AndIengraved(雕刻)themwiththreemessagesaboutpencilsthatdoubleasmessagesaboutlife:Staysharp.Gettothepoint.Erasingiscreating.Withmywife,Iturnedourkitchentableintoafulfillmentcentre.Weprintedlabels,slidthreepencilsintoasleeveandeachsleeveintoanenvelope.Then,intwowalkstoourneighbourhoodpostoffice,wesent98giftsouttotheworld.Afewdayslater,Igottextsandemailsfromthepencilrecipients(收件者).Iheardfromaboutthree-fourthsofthemthattheylikethegift.Severalpeoplesentphotosoftheirnewpinkpencilsalongwiththanksorbirthdaywishes.AfewtoldmehowtouchedtheywerethatIthoughtofthem.Onepersontextedfireandheartemojis.Thisexercisedeepenedmysenseofgratitudeandconnection.Forafewmoments,IforgotIwasturningokay,I’llsaythenumbernow,60.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assuage”inParagraph1mean?A.Ease. B.Cause. C.Hide. D.Express.5.WhatcanwelearnfromElizabethDunn’swordsinParagraph2?A.Peopleworldwideobservebirthdays. B.Givingofferspeoplemorepleasure.C.Materialwealthgeneratescharity. D.Peopleinneedaremorelikelytodonate.6.Whydidtheauthortailorthepencilspink?A.Toentertainchildren. B.Tomakethemstriking.C.Tohighlightthemessagesonthem. D.Tobearamarkofhimself.7.What’sParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Howthepencilswerepackedandsent. B.Howtheauthor’sbirthdaywascelebrated.C.Howpeoplerespondedtotheauthor’sgift. D.Howtheauthorreflectedontheexperience.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在过60岁生日时，决定打破传统，不等亲朋给自己送礼物，而是主动给他们送礼物，这让作者得到了满足，收获了感恩。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Myapproachtobirthdaysisusuallytwofold:feartheminadvanceandbeartheminthemoment.Butthisyear,Idecidedtoconfrontmybirthdaydirectlyinsteadoftoleratingitawkwardly.(我对生日的态度通常是双重的：提前害怕它们，在当下忍受它们。但今年，我决定直面我的生日，而不是尴尬地忍受它。)”可知，作者对过生日一直感觉不自在，而今年他决定不再尴尬地忍受生日，由此可推测出，“Maybeturningtraditionupsidedownwouldassuagemydiscomfort.”表达的是颠覆传统或许能够缓解不自在，assuage意为“缓解”，与ease意思一致。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Studieshavefoundthatspendingmoneyonothersmakesushappierthanspendingmoneyonourselves.“Weobservethisallovertheworld,eveninplaceswherepeoplearestrugglingtomeettheirownbasicneeds.Charitablecontributionsactivatetherewardcentresofourbrainthatsparkfordelightssuchasmusicandfood,”ElizabethDunn,aUniversityofBritishColumbiapsychologyprofessortoldme.(研究发现，为别人花钱比为自己花钱更让我们快乐。不列颠哥伦比亚大学心理学教授ElizabethDunn告诉我：“我们在世界各地都观察到了这一现象，即使是在人们努力满足自己基本需求的地方。慈善捐献激活了我们大脑的奖励中心，这个中心激发人们对音乐和食物等快乐的渴望。”)”可知，研究表明为他人花钱比为自己花钱更令人快乐，接着引用了ElizabethDunn的观点来证明这一点，由此可推测出，给予能够给人们带来更多快乐。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Iorderedtheminpinktohonourmylastname.(为了纪念我的姓氏，我订了粉红色的。)”可知，作者订购粉色铅笔是为了纪念自己的姓氏，由此可推测出，作者想要留下自己的印记。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Afewdayslater,Igottextsandemailsfromthepencilrecipients(收件者).Iheardfromaboutthree-fourthsofthemthattheylikethegift.Severalpeoplesentphotosoftheirnewpinkpencilsalongwiththanksorbirthdaywishes.AfewtoldmehowtouchedtheywerethatIthoughtofthem.Onepersontextedfireandheartemojis.(几天后，我收到了铅笔收件人的短信和电子邮件。我从他们中大约四分之三的人那里收到来信说他们喜欢这份礼物。有几个人寄来了他们新粉色铅笔的照片，并附上了感谢或生日祝福。有几个人告诉我，他们对我能想到他们有多感动。一个人发了火和心的表情符号。)”可知，本段主要讲述了收到礼物的人给作者的反馈。故选C。CBritain’sonlyremainingcoalpowerplantwillgenerateelectricityforthelasttimetoday,afteroperatingfor57years.ThepowerstationatRatcliffeinNottinghamshirewillcometotheendofitslifeinlinewiththegovernment’spolicytophaseoutcoalpower,whichwasfirstsignalledalmostadecadeago.TheclosuremarkstheendofBritain’s142-yearhistoryofcoalpoweruse,whichbeganwhentheworld’sfirstcoal-firedpowerstation,theHolbornViaductincentralLondon,begangeneratingelectricityin1882.TheclosurehasbeenregardedasabigmilestoneinreducingtheUK’scarbonemissions.TheUKbecamethefirstcountrytosetanend-dateforcoalpowerfrom2025afterputtinginplaceincreasinglystrictregulationstoreducetherunninghoursofcoalplants.MinisterscalledforthedeadlinetocomeforwardbyayearshortlybeforetheUKhostedtheUN’sCop26climatetalksinGlasgowinlate2021.PeterO’Grady,theplantmanager,said,“Thiswholeyearhasbeenaseriesofsadmoments.I’msuretherewillbeafewtearsasthewholethingstopsandaspeopleleave,especiallyforme.”Theplantonceemployed3,000engineersbutitsworkforcehasdeclinedinlinewithitspoweroutputoverrecentyears.Coalpowermadeup80%oftheUK’selectricityintheearly1980s,and40%in2014,whichwasduetocostlycarbontaxesandtheriseofcheaprenewables.Staffwerefirsttoldin2021thattheplantwouldcloseinlate2022,butRatcliffe’sowner,theGermanenergycompanyUniper,reachedanagreementwiththegovernmenttokeeptheplantrunningduringtheEurope-widegascrisis.Uniperhastriedtohelpengineersintojobsatthecompany’sotherpowerplantsorintotrainingthatcouldleadtoworkinotherareasoftheenergyindustry.MichaelLewis,Uniper’schiefexecutive,said,“Thiswillbethefirsttimesince1882thatcoalhasnotpoweredGreatBritain.We’reembracing(拥抱)thefutureofcleanerandflexibleenergy.”8.WhyisthecoalpowerplantintheUKputtoanend?A.Torespondtothecallofthegovernment.B.Toturnaroundthesituationoflosingmoney.C.Tofollowthetrendstartedbyothercountries.D.Tostimulateotherindustriestocutcarbonemissions.9.HowdoesPeterO’Gradyfeelabouttheclosureofthecoalpowerplant?A.Scared. B.Upset. C.Surprised. D.Pleased.10.WhatmighthavecausedthedecreaseduseofcoalpowerintheUKtenyearsago?A.Thedeclineofworkforce. B.Thereductionofcoaltax.C.Thedevelopmentofnewenergies. D.Theconservationofnon-renewableresources.11.WhatwillhappentotheengineersofthecoalpowerplantintheUK?A.Theywillbedismissed. B.Theymayworkinotherindustries.C.Theywillgoabroadinsearchofjobs. D.Theymayreceiveconsideratearrangements.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英国最后一家燃煤电厂在运营57年后最后一次发电，并介绍了此举的背景、意义以及对电厂员工的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThepowerstationatRatcliffeinNottinghamshirewillcometotheendofitslifeinlinewiththegovernment’spolicytophaseoutcoalpower,whichwasfirstsignalledalmostadecadeago.(诺丁汉郡拉特克利夫发电站将根据其政府逐步淘汰煤电的政策而终止运营，这一政策几乎在十年前就已首次提出)”可知，英国的燃煤电厂被终止是为了响应政府的号召。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“PeterO’Grady,theplantmanager,said,‘Thiswholeyearhasbeenaseriesofsadmoments.I’msuretherewillbeafewtearsasthewholethingstopsandaspeopleleave,especiallyforme.’(工厂经理彼得·奥格雷迪说：‘这一整年都是一系列悲伤的时刻。我相信当这一切停止，人们离开时，尤其是对我而言，一定会流泪。’)”可知，PeterO’Grady对于燃煤电厂的关闭感到难过。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Coalpowermadeup80%oftheUK’selectricityintheearly1980s,and40%in2014,whichwasduetocostlycarbontaxesandtheriseofcheaprenewables.(20世纪80年代初，煤电占英国电力的80%，而2014年占40%，这是由于昂贵的碳税和廉价可再生能源的兴起)”可知，十年前英国煤电使用量减少可能是由于新能源的发展。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Uniperhastriedtohelpengineersintojobsatthecompany’sotherpowerplantsorintotrainingthatcouldleadtoworkinotherareasoftheenergyindustry.(尤尼珀公司试图帮助工程师进入该公司其他电厂工作岗位，或接受培训，以便在能源行业的其他领域工作)”可知，英国的燃煤电厂的工程师们可能会得到周到的安排。故选D项。DHearingasongmightbringtomindthelasttimewesawalivebandperformit.Wemayrememberhearingthesongonaroadtripwithhighschoolfriends,andbebroughtbacktothesights,smells,andfeelingsofthatexperience.Alloftheseexperienceshavebeenreferredtoas“music-evoked(引起)thoughts”,andrecentresearchhassoughttounderstandwhycertainthoughtsoccurinresponsetocertainmusic.Inonestudy,myworkmatesandIcomparedthoughtsevokedbyinstrumentalexcerpts(节选)ofunfamiliarclassical,electronic,andpop／rockmusic.Overall,listenersreportedthoughts76percentofthetime.However,theoccurrenceofthoughtsvariedacrossmusictypes.Classicalandelectronicmusicevokedmorethoughtsthanpop/rockmusic.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanpop/rockmusictypesareunengaging.Rather,typeslikeclassicalandelectronicmusicmightprovidegreatervisualmentalimagery,whereaspop/rockmusicmightinvitelistenerstoengageindifferentways,likedancingorsingingalong.Wealsofoundlinksrelatedtothecontextswithwhichweassociatemusic.Electronicmusictendedtoevokethoughtsaboutclubbingandvideogames,pop/rockmusicevokedthoughtsaboutliveperformancesanddriving,andclassicalmusicthoughtsaboutmoviesandweddings.Classicalmusicledlistenerstogreatcapabilitytoimaginefictionalstories,asitwasoftencomposedspecificallywiththeaimofevokinganimaginedstory.Thesecontextualassociationsmayvaryacrossdifferentcultures.ArecentstudyrevealedthatfictionalstoriesreportedwhileenjoyingclassicalmusicwerehighlysimilarintwogroupsofyoungadultsintheUS,butthestoriesgeneratedbylistenersinGermanyinresponsetothesesameexcerptsweresignificantlydifferent.Thissuggeststhatevenwhenaskedtogenerateentirelyfictionalstories,listenersareinfluencedbytheirpriorassociationswithmusic.Thisspeakstogeneraltheoriesthatourmemoriesplayasubstantialroleinshapingimagination.Understandinghowdifferentmusicevokesdifferentthoughtsisimportantforvariouspracticaluses.Forinstance,adoctormightaimtotrigger(触发)specifictypesofthoughtsviamusicwhenworkingwithaclient,oranartistmightengageamorecreativethinkingmodebylisteningtoaparticularpieceofmusic.12.Whatcanwelearnabout“music-evokedthoughts”fromParagraph2?A.Theyvarywithdifferenttypesofmusic. B.Theyarefewoccurrencesinmusiclistening.C.Theyinvolvepeopleindancingtothemusic. D.Theystrikepeopleduringengagingmusicplay.13.Whatisuniqueaboutclassicalmusic?A.Itwasassociatedwithclubbing. B.Itprovidedlistenerswithrealcontexts.C.Itwasintendedtostimulateimagination. D.Itwasplayedmoreslowlythanothermusictypes.14.Whatgreatlyinfluencedlisteners’imagination?A.Thedevelopmentleveloftheircountry. B.Thepreviousmusic-relatedexperiences.C.Theeducationtheyreceivedwhileyoung. D.Thetypesofstorytheywereaskedtocreate.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereDoesOurMemoryComefrom?B.DoMusicImaginingsVarywithCultures?C.DoesListeningtoMusicHelpStoryCreation?D.HowDoesDifferentMusicShapeOurImaginedThoughts?【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释和探讨音乐如何引发人们的不同思绪，提供了关于音乐与思绪之间关系的深入理解。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inonestudy,myworkmatesandIcomparedthoughtsevokedbyinstrumentalexcerpts(节选)ofunfamiliarclassical，electronic,andpop／rockmusic.Overall,listenersreportedthoughts76percentofthetime.However,theoccurrenceofthoughtsvariedacrossmusictypes.Classicalandelectronicmusicevokedmorethoughtsthanpop/rockmusic.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanpop/rockmusictypesareunengaging.Rather,typeslikeclassicalandelectronicmusicmightprovidegreatervisualmentalimagery,whereaspop/rockmusicmightinvitelistenerstoengageindifferentways,likedancingorsingingalong.(在一项研究中，我和我的同事们比较了不熟悉的古典、电子和流行/摇滚乐器节选所引发的思绪。总体而言，76%的时间里听众都会报告有思绪产生。然而，思绪的产生在不同类型的音乐中有所不同。古典和电子音乐比流行/摇滚音乐更能引发思绪。这并不一定意味着流行/摇滚音乐类型不吸引人。相反，像古典和电子音乐这样的类型可能提供了更丰富的视觉心理意象，而流行/摇滚音乐可能会以不同的方式吸引听众参与，比如跳舞或跟唱。)”可知，第二段讲述了不同类型的音乐会引发不同的思绪，即它们随着不同类型的音乐而变化。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Classicalmusicledlistenerstogreatcapabilitytoimaginefictionalstories,asitwasoftencomposedspecificallywiththeaimofevokinganimaginedstory.(古典音乐让听众有极大的能力去想象虚构的故事，因为它通常是为了引发想象中的故事而专门创作的。)”可知，古典音乐的独特之处在于它的目的是激发听众的想象力。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thissuggeststhatevenwhenaskedtogenerateentirelyfictionalstories,listenersareinfluencedbytheirpriorassociationswithmusic.Thisspeakstogeneraltheoriesthatourmemoriesplayasubstantialroleinshapingimagination.(这表明，即使被要求创作完全虚构的故事，听众也会受到他们之前与音乐的联系的影响。这印证了普遍的观点，即我们的记忆在塑造想象力方面起着重要作用。)”可知，听众之前的音乐相关经历极大地影响了他们的想象力。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。第一段“Hearingasongmightbringtomindthelasttimewesawalivebandperformit.Wemayrememberhearingthesongonaroadtripwithhighschoolfriends,andbebroughtbacktothesights,smells,andfeelingsofthatexperience.Alloftheseexperienceshavebeenreferredtoas“music-evoked(引起)thoughts”,andrecentresearchhassoughttounderstandwhycertainthoughtsoccurinresponsetocertainmusic.(听到一首歌可能会让我们想起上次看到现场乐队演奏它的情景。我们可能会回想起在高中朋友一起的公路旅行中听到这首歌的那一刻，以及当时所见的景象、所闻的气味和所感受的情感。所有这些经历都被称为“音乐引发的思绪”，而最近的研究试图理解为什么某些音乐会引发特定的思绪。)”，提出最近的研究试图理解为什么某些音乐会引发特定的思绪；接着文章详细描述了不同类型音乐对听众想象力的影响，以及音乐与听众想象力之间的关系；最后一段提到“Understandinghowdifferentmusicevokesdifferentthoughtsisimportantforvariouspracticaluses(理解不同的音乐如何唤起不同的想法对于各种实际应用都很重要。)”。由此可知，文章主要讲述的是不同的音乐是如何塑造我们的想象思维的。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You’retryingtoconcentrate,butyourmindiswanderingoryou’reeasilydistracted(分心).Likeacomputerthatslowswithuse,thebrainaccumulates(积累)wearandtearthataffectsprocessing.___16___Toimproveattention,considerthefollowingstrategies.Practisemindfulness.“Mindfulnessisaboutfocusingattentiononthepresentmoment,andpractisingmindfulnesshasbeenshowntorewirethebrainsothatattentionisstronger,”saysKimWillment,aneuropsychologist(神经心理学家)withBrighamandWomen’sHospital.Sherecommendssittingstillforafewminuteseachday,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing.___17___Takecognitivetraining.Computerizedcognitivetraininggamesareaimedatimprovingyourresponseandattention.___18___“Thegoalofplayingthesegamesisnottogetbetteratthem,buttogetbetterindailyactivities,”Willmentsays.“Butthereisevidencethataperson’sabilitytopayattentioncanbeimprovedbyprogressivelypushingthepersontohigherlevelsofperformanceandthismaytranslatetoeverydaylife.”Keepahealthylifestyle.Manyaspectsofahealthylifestylecanhelpattention,startingwithsleepandexercise.Whenwesleep,wereducestresshormonesthatcanbeharmfultothebrainandweclearoutproteinsthatinjureit.___19___Whenyouexercise,youincreasetheavailabilityofbrainchemicalsthatpromotenewbrainconnections,reducestress,andimprovesleep.Try150minutesperweekofaerobic(有氧的)exercise,suchasbriskwalking.___20___“Readsomethingfor30minutes,settingatimertogooffeveryfiveminutes.Whenitgoesoff,askyourselfifyourmindhaswandered.Ifso,justrefocusonwhatyou’rereading,”shesays.Bydoingthis,youstrengthenthemonitoringprocessandtheabilitytomaintainfocusonasingletask.A.Readpatiently.B.Performasingle-taskexercise.C.Evidencethatthisworkshasbeenmixed.D.Somedrugscanslowourabilitytothinkclearly.E.Soaimforseventoeighthoursofsleepeachnight.F.Byfocusingonyourself,yougetyourattentionback.G.Thiscanbecausedbystressorssuchassleepdisordersandoverloadedinformation.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些提高注意力的方法。【16题详解】上文“You’retryingtoconcentrate,butyourmindiswanderingoryou’reeasilydistracted(分心).Likeacomputerthatslowswithuse,thebrainaccumulates(积累)wearandtearthataffectsprocessing.(你试图集中注意力，但你的思绪在徘徊，或者你很容易分心。就像一台随着使用而变慢的电脑一样，大脑会积累磨损，影响处理速度)”描述了注意力不集中的现象，并指出大脑像电脑一样会随着使用而“变慢”。G选项“Thiscanbecausedbystressorssuchassleepdisordersandoverloadedinformation.(这可能是由于压力因素造成的，如睡眠障碍和信息过载)”解释了上文注意力不集中的原因，即由于各种压力因素导致，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Sherecommendssittingstillforafewminuteseachday,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing.(她建议每天静坐几分钟，闭上眼睛，调节呼吸)”介绍了通过静坐、闭眼和调节呼吸来练习正念的方法。F选项“Byfocusingonyourself,yougetyourattentionback.(通过专注于自己，你重新获得了注意力)”说明了这样做的好处，即能够帮助你重新获得注意力，上下文语意连贯，且“focusingonyourself”与上文“sittingstillforafewminutes,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing”相呼应。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Takecognitivetraining.Computerizedcognitivetraininggamesareaimedatimprovingyourresponseandattention.(进行认知训练。计算机化的认知训练游戏旨在提高你的反应能力和注意力)”介绍了通过计算机化的认知训练游戏来提高反应和注意力。C选项“Evidencethatthisworkshasbeenmixed.(证明这一做法行之有效的证据参差不齐)”对此方法的效果进行了评价，指出并非所有研究都表明其有效，与上文构成转折关系，引出了下文对于该方法实际效果的讨论。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Whenwesleep,wereducestresshormonesthatcanbeharmfultothebrainandweclearoutproteinsthatinjureit.(当我们睡觉时，我们会减少可能对大脑有害的压力激素，并清除伤害大脑的蛋白质)”介绍了睡眠对大脑的好处。E选项“Soaimforseventoeighthoursofsleepeachnight.(所以每晚要睡七到八个小时)”承接上文，给出了具体的睡眠时长建议，与上文语意连贯，且“seventoeighthoursofsleep”与上文“sleep”相呼应。故选E项。【20题详解】下文“Readsomethingfor30minutes,settingatimertogooffeveryfiveminutes.Whenitgoesoff,askyourselfifyourmindhaswandered.Ifso,justrefocusonwhatyou’rereading,(读30分钟的东西，每五分钟设一次闹钟。当闹钟响起时，问问自己你的思绪是否已经飘走了。如果是，重新专注于你正在读的内容)”和“Bydoingthis,youstrengthenthemonitoringprocessandtheabilitytomaintainfocusonasingletask.(通过这样做，你加强了监控过程和专注于单一任务的能力)”介绍了一种通过定时阅读并检查注意力是否集中的单任务练习方法。B选项“Performasingle-taskexercise.(进行单任务练习)”概括了下文内容，且句中“asingle-task”与下文中的“asingletask”相呼应。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ASouthCarolinafathermadeadangerous30-milejourneyonfootthroughHurricaneHelene-ravaged(肆虐)Tennessee.He___21___hislifetoensurehecouldwalkhisdaughterdowntheaisleatherwedding.Onhis5.5-hourover-nightjourney,mostofwhichwasintotal___22___,DavidJonesstruggledovermountainsofflooddebris(碎片)andevengot___23___inthemuduptohisknees,losinga___24___.Miraculously,hegottothechurchontime.He___25___plannedtodrivefromhishomeinSouthCarolinatoJohnsonCity,Tenn.,aroughlytwo-hourrideundernormalconditions.ButMotherNaturehadother___26___,andaftersevenhoursontheroad,hewas___27___byapolicemanthatInter-state26andanyroutebackwere___28___duetosevereflooding.Unshaken,Jones,aformermarathonrunner___29___himselftowalktherestoftheway,withhisphone’s___30___ashisonlysourceoflight.“Itjust...it’sawful,”Jonessaid.“AndIcantellyoualotaboutthemudandthedebrisfieldswhereIhaveto___31___6,7-foot-tallpilesofdebrisofoldfencesandhugetreesanditwasjusthorriblewithmyshoemissing.”Inadesperateattempttoremain___32___tocarsonceclearofthefloodzone,Jonesgrabbedareflectivestick,whichhelater___33___tohisdaughter,Elizabeth,andhernewhusband,Daniel,tohonourhispains-takingroutetothewedding.ElizabethMarquezsaidshehadnoideawhatherfatherhad___34___untilaftertheceremony.“That’ssoemotionally___35___toexperiencethatmydadlovesmethatmuch,”shesaid.21.A.risked B.ended C.shortened D.spared22.A.preparation B.swing C.darkness D.anticipation23.A.delayed B.stuck C.lost D.changed24.A.glove B.gift C.wallet D.shoe25.A.initially B.intentionally C.carefully D.eagerly26.A.ways B.surprises C.plans D.powers27.A.charged B.questioned C.greeted D.informed28.A.crowded B.impassable C.deserted D.winding29.A.treated B.quieted C.tricked D.steeled30.A.flash B.battery C.charger D.case31.A.clear B.climb C.sort D.pick32.A.unaffected B.patient C.visible D.calm33.A.awarded B.credited C.donated D.gifted34.A.gonethrough B.leftbehind C.workedon D.foundout35.A.disturbing B.interesting C.moving D.rewarding【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.