Unit4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisasters人教版2019必修第一册DiscoveringUsefulStructuresattributiveclause(定语从句)Learningobjectives:

（学习目标）1.Tomasterthebasicusagesoftherestrictiverelativeclauses.2.Tolearntousetherestrictiverelativeclausesmentionedflexibly.contents（内容）Theattribute

定语（定义及判定）

AttributiveClause

定语从句（定义、构成、分类、关系代词的选择）定语从句中的主谓一致:关系代词的省略Summary（总结）ExercisesIWhatisattribute(定语）？

Attributeisawordorphrasestomodifyanounorpronoun.Underlinetheattribute.1.Strangethingshappenedthere.

2.Aprettygirlcametovisitthemuseum.3.Somestudentsboughtbeautifulflowers.4.Morebuildingswerebuiltinthatcity.5.Allchildrenweretakengoodcareof.6.Freshairiswhatthepatientneedmost.7.Themaninthelabismybestfriend.

IIWhatisanattributiveclause?（定语从句）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

这个学生叫汤姆。

这个学生正在看书。

这个正在看书的学生叫汤姆。ThisstudentisTom.Thestudentisreading.Thestudent（who

isreading

）isTom.定义

定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。（从句做定语。）2.位置

在被修饰的词的后面

IIIThemainelements(要素)oftheattributiveclause被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）Thestudent（whoisreading

）isTom.先行词+关系代词+从句

划出定语从句、先行词和关系词1.Doyouknowthegirlwhoissingingonthestage?2.Thisisthemuseumwhichwasbuiltlastyear.3.I’llforeverrememberthedayswhenIstudiedabroad.4.Hewaslate,whichmadehisteacherangry.Doyouknowhowmanyrelativepronouns(关系代词)?限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句IV定语从句中的关系代词先行词是人先行词是物thatwhowhomwhosethatwhichwhoseHowtousethemcorrectly?Theusages（用法）ofrelativepronouns(关系代词)

who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语；代替先行词（人）。

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafamousscientist.主语；指人

Thisisthefamousscientistwhomwevisitedlastweek.i.

宾语；指人

1.who、whom在定语从句中的用法

在定语从句中作定语,修饰先行词（人或物），意为“某人的、某物的”。

Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarbrokedown.

Thereisamountainwhosetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow..2.whose在从句中的用法

which在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,代替先行词（指物）。

Hefinallyworkedouttheproblemwhichpuzzledhim.

Thefishwhichweboughtyesterdaywerenotfresh..

Beijingwhichheonceworkedinisabeautifulcity.

主语；指物宾语；指物介词宾语；指物which作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后inwhichwelived3which在定语从句中的用法

作主语或宾语，指人或物1.Thetreesthatstandbytheriverwereplantedbyus.作主语；指物2.Thebook

(that)Ibought

isworthreading.作宾语；指物3.Weshouldignore（忽视）thepersonsandthings

thatupsetus.

作主语；指人和物4.that在从句中的用法Canwhichbeusedinthesentence？1.which

2.which

3that

.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthatandwhich?

只能用that的情况：1.先行词为everything,nothing,something等不定代词时。

e.g.Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.2.先行词为all,every,some,any,much等词或被这些词修饰时。

e.g.I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.ShanghaiisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.4.先行词被the

only,the

very,the

same修饰时。Thisistheonlyproblemthatremainstobesettled.5.先行词既有人又有物的时候，只能用that。

①介词提前，which作宾语Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.②在非限制性定语从句中

Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.只能用which的情况V关系代词的省略

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略；做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?(作wants的主语不可省略)Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略）Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）VI定语从句中的主谓一致:关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，定语从句的谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraised.Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised.VIISummary（总结）:

定语从句先行词关系代词被定语从句修饰或限定的_______或_______词；在复合句中，修饰或限定_______或_______的从句。1.代替先行词2.在定语从句中作成分3.引导定语从句可以指_______或_______名词代词名词代人指物whothatwhichwhomwhose指代成分指人主/宾指人/物主/宾指物主/宾指人宾指人/物定VIIIExercises

Fillintheblankswiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“\”1.Thetrees________standbytheriverareverystrong.2.Shenevergivesintothose________havemoney.3.Thisisthebestfilm________hasbeenshownsofarinthecity.4.Februaryistheonlymonth________hasfewerthan30days.5.Thisistheroomin__________myfatherlivedlastyear..6.YesterdayImettheteacher________daughterismyfriend.that./whichwhothatthatwhichwhose链接高考真题1.TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）2.Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(纪念)TangXianzu,______isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）3.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.（2022新高考I卷）that/which设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句2.who先行词为“TangXianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导3.that设空处在从句中作

主语，

先行词species前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that链接高考真题4.Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway________willmakethemthemostmoney.（2024·新高考II卷）5.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace63welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife.............(2023全国乙卷）6.Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,_________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.