Unit3 Getting along with others Grammar and usage 课件-2024-2025学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

Restrictive

relativeclausesWithrelativepronouns限制性关系从句之关系代词MadebyFerminaAttributiveclause定语Complex

sentences复合句Listentotheaudioandfillintheblanks.

Definition定义Sheisagirl.Amyisateacher.Thegirlismysister.Ihavesomething.Theboyismyson.Japanisacountry.Adj.N.PP.TodoDoing现分Done过分Attribute定语Num.Therearedogsathome.beautifulwoman

inred

tosay

developed

makingface

threeAttribute定语：修饰、限定名词或代词。包括形容词、名词、数词或介词短语等等。Thepositions定语的位置1.Thisisaflower

basket.2.Thisisabasket

fullofflowers.Asingleword：Infrontofthenoun./pronoun单个词：放于被修饰词的前面，前置定语Phrase：followthenoun/pronoun短语：放于被修饰词的后面，后置定语她是个漂亮的女孩。Sheisabeautifulgirl.Shelikesdancing她是个喜欢跳舞的女孩。Sheisagirl

wholikesdancing.Attributiveclause：Asentenceusedtomodifyanounorpronoun定语从句：用以修饰名、代词的句子Thedefinitionofattributiveclauses什么是定语从句？Sheisagirlwholikesdancing.主句从句关系词：代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分(主、宾、定语)连接主句和从句先行词：定语从句修饰的词Thestructureofattributiveclauses定语从句的结构Afriendissomeonewhocangiveuscomfort.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Parentsisthosewhocanprotecttheirkids,notthosewhohurtthem.下一个标点符号下一个谓语动词前结束Thestructureofattributiveclauses定语从句的结构定语从句范围：关系词开始真正的朋友是那些能给我们慰藉的人。三分之二居住在这里的人伤亡了。父母是那些能够保护他们孩子的人，而不是伤害他们的人。关系词

是否做

语法成分关系代词关系副词which作主语/宾语that作主语/宾语whom作宾语who作主语/宾语whose作定语where表地点when表时间why表原因在从句中作状语，相当于“介词+which”关系词：引导定语从句，代替先行词在从句中的位置请找出下列句子的定语从句、先行词、关系词.1.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.2.ThepenthatIboughtlastweekismissing.3.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn20yearsago.

4.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tturntohisteacherforhelp.

_____________________定语从句________先行词___________________定语从句_______先行词__________________________定语从句________先行词__________________________________定语从句________先行词以下各句中含有定语从句的是______________________.①Thepolicehaveconfirmedthatthevictimwasacomputerengineer.②Theyweretryingtofindoutwhetherthevictimwaskilledatthescene.③We’reaskinganyonewhosawanythingunusualtocontactus.④Theywerecheckingmoredetailsthatwillhelpsolvethecase.A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．②④关系代词关系代词先行词语法成分whoPeople人主/（宾）whomPeople人（宾）whichThings物主/（宾）that人/物主/（宾）/表whose人/物定Heisthemanwhomwearewaitingfor.Theboy

who

brokethewindowisTom.Heistheman

who

wearewaitingfor.O宾S主OWho&whom关系代词先行词语法成分whoPeople人主/（宾）whomPeople人（宾）whowhom1．—HaveyouheardofthestoryofMulan?—Ofcourse.Mulanisabravegirl________takesherfather’splacetofightinthearmy.A．whom B．who C．which D．Whose2．ConfuciusisoneofChina’sgreatestthinkersandeducators________havebecomepopularwithmanypeopleintheworld.A．who

B．which C．whom D．Where3.Sheisagirl______peoplelikeatthefirstsight.A.whomB.whichC.whereD.whatwhichHeisreadingabookwhichistoodifficultforhim.Isthisthelibrarywhichyouborrowbooksfrom?S主O宾关系代词先行词语法成分whoPeople人主/（宾）whomPeople人（宾）whichThings物主/（宾）whowhomwhichthatTheboy

who

brokethewindowisTom.Heistheman

who

wearewaitingfor.Heistheman

whom

wearewaitingfor.Heisreadingabookwhichistoodifficultforhim.Isthisthelibrarywhichyouborrowbooksfrom?thatthatthatthatthat关系代词先行词语法成分whoPeople人主/（宾）whomPeople人（宾）whichThings物主/（宾）that人/物主/（宾）/表人物1.—HaveyouheardofthefamousHuaweicompany?—Sure.It’soneofthegreatestcompanies________makeusChineseproud.A．which B．that C．what D．Who2.Atthegateoftheamusementpark,anoldmanissellingtraditionaltoys________aremadebyhand.A．who B．which C．inwhich3.Thefactory________we’llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A．where B．what C．whichThegirl(whosehairisgolden)isAmy.Thegirl(ofwhomthehairisgolden)isAmy.Thisisthebook(whose

coverisblue.)Thisisthebook(ofwhichthecoverisblue.)whose=thebook’s=thegirl’s关系代词先行词语法成分例句whoPeople人主/（宾）Theboy

who

brokethewindowisTomHeistheman

（who）

wearewaitingfor.whomPeople人（宾）Heistheman

（whom）

wearewaitingforwhichThings物主/（宾）Heisreadingabookwhichistoodifficultforhim.Isthisthelibrary（which）youborrowbooksfrom?that人/物主/（宾）/表whose人/物定Thisisthebook(whosecoverisblue.)Thegirl(whosehairisgolden)isAmy.Thatistheperson__________stolemycreditcard.who/thatPracticeThesearethetrees__________Iplantedlastyear.which/thatThedish__________Iorderedwasdelicious.which/thatTheman__________camewithherhasalreadyleft.who/thatThisisthebook__________titleIcan’tremember.whose人whoS/O人whomO物whichS/O人/物thatS/OWhose定语作O时可省略只用that:不得赘两婿不能that:①逗号后②介词后③that/those后以下情况只能使用that，不能使用which0103句中已经有who或which时当先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery等修饰时当先行词为all,much,few,little,something,nothing等指物的不定代词时当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时02当先行词同时含有人和物时that0504不得赘两婿不得赘两婿Leoisthefirstperson______comestoschooleveryday.Leo是每天第一个来上学的人。Thisisthemostbeautifulpicture______Ihaveeverseen.这是我见过的最美丽的照片。Timistheonlyperson______passedtheexaminhisclass.Tim是他班上唯一一个通过考试的人。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpeople______theycouldremember.他们谈论了他们能记住的事情和人。thatthatthatthatWhoistheman______ismakingaspeech?正在做演讲的那个男人是谁？Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?我能为你做些什么吗？All_____isimportantshouldberetoldthreetimes.所有重要的事情都应该重复三遍。注意：当先行词是someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody等指人的不定代词时，不受此限制。Isthereanyone

whocananswerthisquestion?

有人能会回答这个问题吗？thatthatthat先行词指物时，以下情况只能使用which，不能使用that0102Those

whichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.桌上放的书都是英文书。当that,those作先行词时Thisistheplacein

whichIgrewup.这就是我长大的地方。当关系代词放在介词之后时

which

非限制性定语从句（，后），不能用that。031.Marinecreaturesarethose_____liveinthesea.A.who B.that C.which2.—Howexcitingthespeechis!—Prettygood!Thisisthebestspeech____I’veeverheard.A.which B.that C.who D.whomCB3.Thewriterandhisnovel_____wehavejusttalkedaboutarereallywell-known.A.who B.what C.which D.that4.Naturalwateristhat_____containsimpurities(杂质).

A.what B.which C.that D.who5.Thehungrykidsateeverything_____theycouldfindinthekitchen.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whoDBCFindthesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesinthearticleonpage34.Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtotheworld.themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship…真正的朋友是能够看见真实的我们，而不是（看见）我们展示给世界的那种形象的人。定主宾真正的朋友是我们可以依赖他们的支持的人。帮助我们联系的现代工具正在蚕食友谊的意义。宾…Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.“Sharing”ourexperienceonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhichmattermosttous.“Liking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichweshare.宾像博客一样的社交媒体损害我们和我们所爱的朋友。在社交媒体上分享我们的经历还不足以表达对我们最重要的价值。主宾“点赞”朋友网上的照片并不能加强我们之间共有的联系。Arestrictiverelativeclausemodifiesanoun,pronounornounphrasebeforeit.Weuserelativepronounsorrelativeadverbstointroducerestrictiverelativeclauses.Weuse(1)________forthings,and(2)________andwhomforpeople.Wecanuse(3)_______forboththingsandpeople.Weuse(4)_________toshowpossession（所属）.whichwhothatwhoseWorkingouttherulesCommoninterestsproviderichgroundfromwhichmanyfriendshipsgrow.2.Friendshipsgrowbestbetweenfriendswhosecommunicationiswarmandopen.3.Friendshipsarelikeflowerswhich/thatneedtobetakengoodcareof.Applyingtherules——B1共同兴趣提供了友谊生长的沃土。友谊在谈话真诚又暖心的朋友之间肆意生长。友谊像需要被悉心照顾的花朵。4.Arelationshipwithatruefriend(whom/that/who)youcancountonwillsurelyproducefruit.5.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpotherstheway

(inwhich/that)youhavebeenhelped.theway做先行词时，引导词可用

inwhich,that或

不填一段和你能信赖的真心朋友的友谊能够生出果实。为了交朋友，你应该被帮助的那样帮助其他人。InMarkTwain'sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,thefriendship(1)__________formsbetweenHuckFinnandJimisanimportantthemeofthebook,thoughtheyappeartobeanunlikelypair.Huckisapoorwhiteboy(2)_______________fatheroftenbeatshim,whileJimisablackslave(3)__________longstobefree.Oneday,Huckrunsawayfromhometoanisland,TherehemeetsJimandmakesfriendswithhim,Thentheyleavetheislandtogetheronaraft(4)________theyfindontheMississippiRiver.B2Thepassagebelowisaboutfriendshipinagreatnovel.Completethepassagewithcorrectrelativepronounswherenecessary.在哈克·费恩和Jim之间形成的友谊是这本书一个重要的主题。哈克是个他爸爸经常打他的贫穷的白人男孩。然而Jim是一个渴望自由的黑人奴隶。接着他们乘着他们在密西西比河找到的木筏一起离开了小岛。that/whichwhosewho/thatwhich/that/省略TheyheadnorthtoIllinois,astatein(5)________Jimcanbecomefree.ThehighpointofthestorycomeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.Intheend,HuckdecidesthatJimisafriend(6)________heneedsandvalues,andrefusestogivehimup.Fromthisstorywecanseethatfriendsarepeople(7)______________supportyouthroughthickandthin.B2