专题15 阅读还原

专题15阅读还原复习目标还原句子型阅读是中考题型中比较新的题型，一般有200-250个单词左右，常见题型为5选5（广州，湖北荆州等）、6选5（深圳，成都等），7选5（山东，江苏等）。这题型实际上需要学生拓宽自己思维的深度和广度，不再只是简单地从句子层面出发理解和把控词汇含义和语法结构，从而逐步理解篇章意思，而是从更高层次的篇章层面上，立足整体，体会句子或语段前后的衔接和连贯性，进而把握篇章大意和作者写作思路及其意图。它要求考生不但要有扎实的语言功底，而且还要有较强的逻辑思维能力，要求考生能够“既见树木又见森林”，极大的增加了考生的难度。考点概览解题技巧在做阅读还原题的过程中，要关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系（主要有并列、转折、因果关系等）及在英语阅读中常见的单词复现、代词指代，关注特殊句式。如排比句等。在做阅读还原题时，首先要看标题读选项，预测文章大意并找出选项与文章对应的关键词；然后要读文章、找逻辑，抓过渡句和主题句。注意解题时先把握容易找出的逻辑关系，再解决有困难的题；最后，在完成所有选项后，要回读文章，核查逻辑关系。1．通读全文，了解文章大意。2．通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词。3．根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中。4．将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。解题方法（一）问题设在段中1．盯紧横线的前后词语根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。2．抓住过渡词，看住上下句看与前文是否是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立，对比关系。看与前文是否是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节。因此，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。（二）问题设在段首1．通常是段落的主题句认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。2．与后文是并列、转折或因果关系等着重阅读后文第一二句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。3．段落间的过渡句这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机衔接，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。（三）问题设在段尾1．空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。2．通常是结论、概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词：Therefore,asaresult,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword,allinall,inconclusion等词语。选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。3．所选答案是引出下一段的内容的句子如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。4.如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。真题透视（2023·山东济南）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wealllovespendingtimebythesea.Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits（益处）allaroundtheyear.____1____Mostofuswouldsaywefeelhealthierbytheocean.Inthepast,doctorswouldactuallysuggestspendingtimebytheseatotheirpatients.Andresearchhasshownthatpeoplewholiveonthecoastaremorelikelytobelievetheirhealthisgoodcomparedtothoselivinginacity.Sohowdowebenefit,exactly?Well,tostartwith,it’sgreatforourmental（心理）health.Scientistshavediscoveredthatwehavesomethingcalledabluemind.Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves（海浪）orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.____2____Thisiswhypeoplewhohavetroublesleepingareoftentoldtolistentorecordingsofthesoundofwaveshittingthebeachtohelpthemrelaxatbedtime.____3____Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbecomemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.____4____Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.Andtheseaairisgoodforpeoplewithbreathingproblemstoo.Thereislesspollutionintheairneartheoceanandinautumnandwintertheairisfresher.Thisishealthierthanthedryairinhomeswithcentralheating.Ithasevenbeenfoundthatthechemicalsinseawatermayhelpushavehealthyskin.____5____Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!A.Breathingtheairinthecitymakesyoumoreactive.B.Othersusuallyhavetowaitforthenextvacation.C.Beingbytheseaisalsogoodforourphysicalhealth.D.Kidsespeciallyliketohavefunbytheseainsummer.E.Naturallyweoftenfeelsogreatattheendofaseasideholiday.F.Thesoundofthemcanhelpusrelaxandfeelfreefromstress.G.Andifyoutakeyourwalksonthebeach,thisisalotbetter.【答案】1.B2.F3.C4.G5.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何从海边受益。1.根据“Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits（益处）allaroundtheyear.”可知，一些幸运的人可能住在海边，一年四季都能享受到好处。结合选项，此处是some...others...结构，选项B“其他人通常要等到下一个假期。”符合语境，故选B。2.根据“Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves（海浪）orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.”可知，他们已经证明，观察、倾听海浪或在海洋中可以帮助我们的大脑慢下来。此处提到帮助我们慢下来的大海的声音，选项F“它们的声音可以帮助我们放松，摆脱压力。”符合语境，故选F。3.根据“Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbecomemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.”可知，当我们在海边度假时，我们外出的次数要多得多。我们经常在假期变得更活跃，住在海边的人通常也更活跃。此处提到在海边对人们的好处，选项C“在海边对我们的身体健康也有好处。”符合语境，故选C。4.根据“Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.”可知，在沙滩上行走比在人行道上行走更费力气。此处提到在沙滩上行走，选项G“如果你在沙滩上散步，这就好多了。”符合语境，故选G。5.根据“Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!”可知，我们非常期待我们的下一次，因为度假的经历很棒，所以期待下一次在海边度假。选项E“在海边度假结束时，我们自然会感觉很棒。”符合语境，故选E。新题特训Passage1（2023·广州）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Yearsago,greenwassimplyacolor.Nowit’smuchmore!Inthe1970s,somepeoplebegantoworryaboutwhatwedidtomotherEarth.___1___Itisabigideathattouchesgovernmentsallovertheworld,andasmallideathattouchesusallinourhomes.Architects（建筑师）andbuildingengineersarethinkingabouthowtomakebuildingsgreener.Thesedays,greenarchitectureisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.____2____Weneedtobeverycarefulaboutthematerials（材料）weuse.Itisbettertochooserenewablematerials-thosethattheEarthreplacesquickly.____3____Also,forthosematerialsthatarenotrenewable,weneedtousethemaslittleaspossible.OurmotherEarthhasofferedusmanyotherpossibilities,suchaswindandsolarpower.Plannersmustthinkabouttheneedsofthosewhowillspendtimeingreenbuildings.Inmanycases,greenenergyismorecomfortableforpeople.____4____Naturallightingisoftenkindertotheeyesthanelectriclighting.Infact,manypeoplewholiveorworkingreenbuildingsreportfeelinghappierandhealthier.____5____Forexample,theymighttrytouseaslittlelandaspossible.Ifabuildingcoversalargearea,therewillbelessspaceforplantsandtrees.Theyalsohavetothinkaboutcuttingdownwasteandpollutionwhilethebuildingworkisgoingon.Althoughgreenbuildingsaremoreexpensivetobuild,theyarelessexpensivetorun.A.Orwecanreusesomematerials.B.Asaresult,greenthinkingwasborn.C.Tounderstandit,wehavetolookatthreedifferentareas.D.Forexample,naturalwindbringspeoplecleanerandfresherair.E.Architectsmustconsiderwhatthebuildingwilldototheenvironment.Passage2（2023·湖北黄石）根据短文内容，选出适当的句子补全短文，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。Imaginethis:yousitdownandbegintoeatatastytomatowhen,suddenly,itstartstoscream（尖叫）!Thisthingwillneverreallyhappen.___26___Researchersdidthestudy.Theyusedultrasonicmicrophones（超声波麦克风）torecordthesoundsoftomatoplantsinboxes.___27___:onegroupwasn’twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestems（茎）cutoffandthethirdgroupwasuntouched.Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesounds30to50timesperhouratafrequency（频率）of40to80kilohertz,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlymadethesoundonceperhour.Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet.___28___,buttheybelievethenoisecomesfromthebreakingofairbubbles（气泡）intheplants.Thismeansthenoiseproducedbytheplantsisnotintentional（故意的）oraformofactivecommunication.Thereisnoevidence（证据）thatplantscanintentionallycommunicate.___29___.Forexample,thesoundcantellamoth（蛾子）thattheplantisunderstressandnotsuitabletolayeggson.Ananimalthatwantstoeataplantcouldalsousethesoundstomakedecisions,accordingtoScienceFocus.Aftertheexperiment,theresearcherslistenedtootherplantssuchaswheat（小麦）andcorn,andfoundthattheyalsomademoresoundswhenstressed.___30___,astheycanbettertakecareofthecrops（庄稼）by“hearing”howplantsfeel.A.ThreegroupsofplantswerelistenedtoB.Theresearchersdon’tknowhowthesoundsaremadeC.ResearcherssaidthestudycanbenefitfarmersinthefutureD.Butanimalsandinsectsmaybe“listeningin”tobenefitfromthesoundE.ButanewstudyshowedthatplantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressedPassage3（2023·山东青岛）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。EnjoyNaturewithForaging（搜寻）!Doyouenjoywalkinginnature?Doyoulikelearningabouttreesandplants?____31____.Foragingisalotlikelookingforatreasure.Youlookaroundinplaceslikeforestsandlakestofinddifferentkindsofplantsthatyoucaneat.Foragingisalotoffun.____32____.Someoftheseplantsaredangerous.Someofthemaregoodtoeat.Youcanspendmanyrelaxinghourswalkingaroundinthewild,lookingforgoodplantstoeat.____33____.Itisexcitingandchallengingtofindplantsthatyoucaneat,butdonoteatthemuntilyouareverysureofwhattheyare.Beforeyougoforaging,takeaclassaboutit.Learnhowthedifferentkindsofplantsthatyoucaneatlookinthewild.Practicefindingthemwithyourforagingteacher.Thenjoinagroupofforagers.____34____.Nevereatanythinguntilyouare100%sureofwhatitis.Somepeoplehavebecomesickbyaccidentbecausetheyateawildplantthatwasdangerous.Foragersfollowsomeimportantrules.Theydonotcollectalloftheplantsinonearea.Ifyoutakealltheplantsfromonearea,nomorewillgrowthere.____35____,likebyaroadorparkinglot.Iftheareaisverydirty,theplantstherewillnotbegoodtoeatandmaymakeyouverysick.A.YouranswerisyesB.YoumaylikeforagingC.LookforwildplantstogetherD.DonotlookforplantsinareaswithalotofcarsE.Whileforagingisalotoffun,youstillhavetobecarefulF.Whenyouwalkintheforest,youcanfindmanykindsofplantsPassage4（2023·湖北荆门）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisbelievedthatagoodmemorycomesnaturally,whileabadmemorycannotbechanged.____16____Hereissomeadviceforyou.▲Takeaninterest.____17____Thiscanexplainthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultsclearlybuthavetroublewithdatesfromtheirhistorylessons.▲Repeatthingsinchunks（块）.Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime.____18____Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919318483.Butlookatthemingroupsorchunksrepeatedlyanditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919318483.▲____19____Torememberlonglists,tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments（实验）,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentestedlater,theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing.▲Takephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseitsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.____20____Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.A.Inventastory.B.Puttingnumbersingroupsmayhelpyourememberthem.C.Rememberalist.D.Exercisealsomakesyoulessstressed.E.Boysalwaysdobetterthangirlsinschool.F.Infact,youcandoalottoimproveyourmemory.G.Weallrememberinterestingthingsandalwaysforgetboringones.Passage5（2023·湖北黄石）根据短文内容，选出适当的句子补全短文，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。Imaginethis:yousitdownandbegintoeatatastytomatowhen,suddenly,itstartstoscream（尖叫）!Thisthingwillneverreallyhappen.___26___Researchersdidthestudy.Theyusedultrasonicmicrophones（超声波麦克风）torecordthesoundsoftomatoplantsinboxes.___27___:onegroupwasn’twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestems（茎）cutoffandthethirdgroupwasuntouched.Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesounds30to50timesperhouratafrequency（频率）of40to80kilohertz,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlymadethesoundonceperhour.Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet.___28___,buttheybelievethenoisecomesfromthebreakingofairbubbles（气泡）intheplants.Thismeansthenoiseproducedbytheplantsisnotintentional（故意的）oraformofactivecommunication.Thereisnoevidence（证据）thatplantscanintentionallycommunicate.___29___.Forexample,thesoundcantellamoth（蛾子）thattheplantisunderstressandnotsuitabletolayeggson.Ananimalthatwantstoeataplantcouldalsousethesoundstomakedecisions,accordingtoScienceFocus.Aftertheexperiment,theresearcherslistenedtootherplantssuchaswheat（小麦）andcorn,andfoundthattheyalsomademoresoundswhenstressed.___30___,astheycanbettertakecareofthecrops（庄稼）by“hearing”howplantsfeel.A.ThreegroupsofplantswerelistenedtoB.Theresearchersdon’tknowhowthesoundsaremadeC.ResearcherssaidthestudycanbenefitfarmersinthefutureD.Butanimalsandinsectsmaybe“listeningin”tobenefitfromthesoundE.ButanewstudyshowedthatplantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressedPassage6（2023·湖南长沙）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。HowtoImproveYourReadingLearninghowtoreadwellinEnglishmightnotbeaneasytask.____1___ReadingwellinEnglishisusefulformanyreasons,notonlyfortakingtests.IfyouwanttoimproveyourreadinginEnglish,thefollowingarejustforyou!Chooserightreadingmaterials（材料）.Therearesomanychoices!Therearetextbooksandgradedreaders,buttherearealsoalotmorebooksyoucanread.____2____Hereisagoodruletofollow:choosereadingmaterialswhereyouunderstandatleast80%ofthecontent（内容）.Beintentional（意图明确的）.Beingintentionalmeansdoingsomethingonpurposewithareasoninmind.Withreading,youneedtobeintentionalbysettingareadingaim.Decideonacertainnumberofpagesyouwanttoreadeachday.____3____Tomakesureyourdailypracticegetsdone,sparesometimeandputitinyourstudyplan!____4____Readingcanbothintroduceyoutonewvocabulary（词汇）andteachyouhowtousethem.ManywordsinEnglishareoftenusedtogetherinaconsistent（相互连贯的）way.Readinggroupsofwords,orwordsthatgotogether,willhelpyoubetterunderstandhowtouseyournewvocabulary.Don’ttrytounderstandeverything.Asyou’repracticingyourreadingyouneedtoacceptthefactthatyoumightnotunderstandeverysingleword,andthat’sOK!Yourbraincan’tlearnsomanynewthingsatonetime.It’smoreimportanttogetthebigpictureofwhatyouarereading.___5____A.Readwordgroups.B.Don’tchooseabookthatistooeasyortoodifficult.C.Youcouldalsobeintentionalwithplanningatimetoread.D.Butit’ssomethingyou’llhavetodoonyourlanguagelearningjourney.E.Andyoucangobacktocheckthenewthingsyoudon’tunderstandlater.Passage7（2023·江苏苏州）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。IoncegavealessontoagroupofprimaryschoolstudentsforaTVprogram.Isuggestedthatwecreatesmallgardens.First,Iaskedthestudentstolookfortheirfavoriteplaceintheschool.____26____ThenIhadeachofthemdescribetheirexperiencesofnatureinasmallgarden.Inaboxofaboutoneandahalfbytwofeet,theywerefreetoorganize—soil,stones,leavesandgrass.Evenasanactivegardendesigner,Iwasimpressedwiththeirimagination.____27____Onechildcreated“water”thatflowedintoa“lake”;anotherchildputgrassinawaytorepresent“wind”;andyetanotherchildtriedhardtocreateshade...____28____Thatwaswhytheytookgreatinterestwhentheycreatedtheirsmallgardens.Theyspentawonderfultimetogetherwithnature.____29____Ifyounoticeastonelyingontheground,pickitupandholdit.Whenyouseebeautifulflowersbythesideoftheroad,stopandenjoythepleasantsmell.Then,insideyourmind,createasmallgardenofyourown.____30____A.Itwillrelaxyou.B.Flowersliketheseareallaroundyou.C.Thegardenswerebuiltmanyyearsago.D.Tryspendingtimewithnatureyourself.E.Thegardenstheymadewerereallycreative.F.Oncethere,Iletthemtryhardtoemptytheirminds.G.Thesechildrenwereoftenbusydoingtheirschoolwork.Passage8（2023·广州越秀一模）HaveyouheardoftheAPPChatGPT?____41____Itoffersprivateandgroupchats,emojis,stickers,images,andvideos,andmakesconversationsmoreinterestingandattractive.ThedialogueformatmakesitpossibleforChatGPTtoanswerquestions,admititsmistakesandrefuseimproperrequirements.____42____However,anAPPnamedGPTZerocanhelptopreventthat.EdwardTianisacomputersciencestudentatPrincetonUniversity.The22-year-oldcreatedGPTZeroinresponseto（作为回应）thewidespreaduseofChatGPT.Accordingtothestudent,thesoftwareisabletorespondquicklyandcorrectly.Inonlyafewseconds,itcantellyouifagiventextiswrittenbyAIorahuman.____43____ThesetextshelpittofindoutwhetheranarticleistheworkofAIornot.Toexamineonearticle,theAPPwillcheckhowfamiliaritiswiththegivenarticlebasedonthetextshehasseenduringtraining.Thelessfamiliaritis,themorelikelyitistobetheworkofahuman.GPTZerothenscansthearticletoseehowdifferentitis.Ahuman-writtenarticleusuallydiffersalot.____44____Mr.TianisanAIsupporter.____45____HesaysthatChatGPTisusefulinhelpinghimtowritecomputercodeandsolveotherproblems.Atthesametime,headds,itisimportanttodevelopsafeguards（防护措施）fornewtechnologies.A.Afterthesetwosteps,itwillgiveafinalscore.B.GPTZerohasbeentrainedwithdifferenttexts.C.Itisafreeonlinechatbotthatcanperfectlywritealmostanything.D.HebelievesthatAIwillsurelybeagreathelptolifeandworkifusedproperly.E.Sinceitslaunch,ithasbeenusedbystudentsandworkerstocheatbycreatingwrittenworkforthem.Passage9（2023·天河区统考）Thewinterholidayiscoming.Don’tknowwhattodo?Well,herearesomebooksforyou!__41__TheCopandtheAnthembyO.Henry（American）YoucanreadastoryaboutSoapy,ahomelessmaninNewYorkCity.Atfirst,hewantstobecaughtbythepolicemansothathecanhavesomewherewarmtostayinsteadofsleepingoutinthecoldwinter.___42___However,whenhewantstochangehimselfanddecidestobeabetterman,heissenttoprison.TheMillionPoundNotebyMarkTwain（American）YoucanknowtheexperienceofapooryoungmanHenryAdams.___43___Theymakeabet（打赌）toseewhatwillhappentoHenryAdamswithsomuchmoney.Totheirsurprise,heisn’tcaughtbythepolice.Instead,helivesahappylifebecauseoftheone-millionbanknote.TheDiamondNecklacebyMaupassant（French）___44___Herhusbandaskshertogotoaparty,sosheborrowsadiamondnecklace（项链）fromherrichfriendtoshowoffherbeauty.Butshelosesthenecklace.___45___Attheendofthestory,shegetstoknowthatthenecklaceisactuallynotmadeofrealdiamond.Thenecklacechangesherwholelife.A．Ittakeshertenyearsofhardworktopayforit.B．Justpickoneofthem,andyouaresuretoenjoyit!C．Hegetsaone-millionbanknotefromtworichmen.D．It’sastoryaboutawomanwhoisbeautifulbutpoor.E．Hetrieshard,butthepolicedoesn’tsendhimtoprison.Passage10（2023·深圳多校联考2模）请阅读下面的短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。Walkinginthecityisverydifferentfromwalkinginthepark.Asmallpsychologystudysuggestsurbanenvironmentscanslowyourstepandpossiblyincreaseyourmentalload.___26___Itcaneaseyourmindandquickenyourpace.Thefindingsshowthatnaturalsettingsmaypotentially（潜在地）reducecognitive（认知的）tirednessandimprovereactiontimesstraightaway.____27____Thefirstofthetwoexperimentsinthenewstudyfocusedonpeople’swayofwalkingandcognitiveload.Duringthistrial,participantswerefittedwithsensorsandadozenmotioncontrolcamerasweresetuptowatchthemrepeatedlywalkdowna15-metreroomattheirnaturalspeed.Thewalloppositethemshowedanimageofeitheranaturesceneoracityscene.____28____Onthewhole,whenwalkingincitysettings,peoplereportedthattheyfeltmoreuncomfortableandtheywalkedataslowerpace,indicatingahighercognitiveload.____29____Inthetrial,participantswereaskedtodistinguish（区别）betweenbasicvisualshapesonthecomputerwhilealsointhepresenceofanaturalorurbanimage（thesameonesfromthefirstexperiment）.Measuringreactiontimesinbothnaturalandurbansettings,theteamfoundresultstosupporttheiridea.Inurbanenvironments,participantswereslowerindistinguishingbetweensimpleshapes.____30____Ourbrainstakelongertoprocess.However,moreresearchisneededtoprovethatidea.A.Awalkthroughnaturedoestheopposite,though.B.Theysaidtheycouldn’tconcentrateproperlyafterwalking.C.Aftereach,participantswereaskedtoratetheirdiscomfort.D.Thereasonisthaturbanenvironmentsaremoredistracting.E.Theseconddugintosomehigher-levelcognitiveprocesses.F.Thestudyincludestwoexperimentswithtwodifferentapproaches.Passage11（2023·湖北黄冈）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。（每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项）Sometimeswemayforgetsomethingeasily.Don’tworry.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,pleasefollowme.____1____Myfirstadviceisthatifyouwanttoremembersomethingwell,youhavetoreviewitregularly（有规律地）.Afteryoulearnthematerial,youneedtoreviewitrightaway,thentwodayslater,thenaweeklater,thentwoweekslater,andthenamonthlater.____2____Mysecondadviceistomarktheimportantpartsofyourbook.Thiswillhelpyouintwoways.Ontheonehand,itwillhelpyouconcentrateon（专注于）themostimportantparts.Itisalwayseasiertorememberonlythekeypoints.____3____Whenyouopenyourbook,thecoloredpartswillshowyouthemostimportantpartsatonce.Inthisway,youneedn’treadeverywordagain.____4___Onegoodtimeformemorizinginformationisintheevening.Reviewwhatyouhavelearntbeforegoingtobed.Itwillbekeptinyourminddeeply.Theothergoodtimeisinthemorningbecauseyouhavejustrestedandyourbrainisfreshandclear.___5____Rememberalltheadviceabove,andyourmemorywillbebetterandbetter.A.Ontheotherhand,thiswillmakereviewingeasier.B.Hereissomeadvicetohelpimproveyourmemory.C.Anotherpieceofadviceistoreviewatapropertime.D.Youhavetoreadthewholebookfromthebeginningtotheend.E.Soit’seasytomemorizetheimportantinformationinthemorning.F.Afteramonth,youwillfindthatyoucanrememberthematerialeasily.Passage12（2023·济南一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipstostopfeelingtiredatschoolSleepisveryimportant.Whileweareresting,ourbrainprocesseswhatwehavedoneandseenallday,andourbodyrepairsitself.Scientistshavefoundthatsleepingisnecessaryforourphysicalandmentalhealth（身心健康）.____71____Ifwedon’tsleepenough,wehavelessenergyandwelosetheabilitytothinkclearly.____72____Itishardertogettosleepatnightifyoustillhavelotsofenergy,soyoushouldexercisedaily.Trygoingforawalkorarun,anddosomesportsasoftenasyoucan.____73____Trynottodoyourhomeworkatthelastminute,don’texerciselateinthedayanddon’tdrinkanythingwithlotsofsugar.Ifyoufinditdifficulttocalmdownatnight,takeacoolshower,readordrinkaglassofwaterslowly.Itcanbehardtosticktoaroutine,butyourbodywillthankyouforit.Trytogotobedatthesametimeeachnightandwakeupatthesametimeeachmorning.____74____Manyofusliketorelaxbyplayingcomputergames,goingonsocialmediaorcheckingfortextmessages.Thesearegreatwaystorelaxduringtheday.____75____Weshouldnotlookatourphonesrightbeforebedtime.A.Sleepingchangeshowwethinkandfeel.B.Itisn’teasytosleepwhenyourbrainisworking.C.Ifyoudon’tfeelverywell,youshouldsleepmore.D.However,thelightsfromscreenscankeepusawake.E.Agoodnight’ssleepstartswithwhatyoudoduringtheday.F.Youdon’tneedtosleepmoreifyouareapersonwithlotsofenergy.G.Everythingbecomesregularifyousleepthesamenumberofhourseachnight.Passage13（2023·深圳一模）以下是一则短文,请阅读短文,并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中,使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5小题,每小题1分）Thereisgoodreasontobelievethatpeoplewholearntobegratefularehappierandhealthierthanthosewhodon’t.Gratefulpeoplefeelpleasedwithwhattheyhaveinsteadofcomplainingaboutwhattheylack.Theyseeeachdayasanewopportunityforhappiness,ratherthananotherchallengetotakeon.____26____Takeaminutetobethankfulforyourlife.____27____Atschool,stepoutsideforashortwalktobreathethefreshairandthinkabouthowthankfulyouareforthechancetotakeabreakandfeelthesun.Athome,thethingsyou’rethankfulforcanbeyourmorningcupofmilkorthesoftpillowyousleeponatnight.____28____Lifegetssobusythatyouoftenforgettotellpeoplehowmuchtheymatter（要紧）toyou.Expressingyourthankstootherswillcreateanatmosphereofthankfulnessthatcanspreadoutgradually.Forexample,ifyourmotherpacksyourlunchforyou,saysomethinglike“Mum,thankyouforyourefforttomakemydaylessbusy.”Talkaboutgratitudewithfamily.Findthetimetotalkaboutthethingsyouaregratefulforeveryday.____29____Forexample,insteadofsaying“I’mthankfulforallofyoubeingthereforme,”youcouldsay“I’mthankfulthatyouallhelpmecareforthegardeneveryweekend.”Learningtobethankfuldoesn’tmeanbadthingswon’thappen,orthatyouwon’tbeaffectedbythethingsthatdohappens.____30____A.Tellsomeoneyouappreciate（感激）them.B.Leteachfamilymemberhaveaturnfordiscussionandtrytobeasspecific（具体的）aspossible.C.Sometimesitcanbereallyhardtobethankfulinyourlife.D.Hereissomeadviceforyoutobemoregrateful（感激的）.E.Itcansimplyhelptomakethosethingseasiertodealwithandmakeyoufeelbetter.F.Sometimesagoodwaytofeelbetteristotakeabreakandfindsomethingthatyouaregratefulfor.Passage14（2023·广州天河区一模试题）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。Payingforbusrideswithplasticusuallymakespeoplethinkofplasticbuscards.ButoneIndonesiancityhasdecidedtoacceptrecyclableplasticwasteinplaceofmoneyforcitybuses.Surabaya,Indonesia’ssecondlargestcity,madethisdecisioninApril,2018.___1___Atwo-hourbusridecosts10plasticcupsor5bottles.Indonesiaisthesecondlargestoceanplasticpolluter,producingupto2.4milliontonsofplasticwasteintotheoceanseveryyear.___2___That’swhythecitymadethisdecision.Ithopestoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironment,especiallyaboutplasticwaste.Eachcitybuscancollectupto550poundsofplasticbottlesandcupseveryday.Thecollectedbottlesaresoldtorecyclingcompanies,andthemoneymadefromitgoestowardsrunningthebuscompaniesandprovidingmoneyforgreenspaceinthecity.___3___Thedecisionispartofthecity’spurpose—tobecomeplasticwaste-freeby2020.___4___Thenewbusesareair-conditioned,comfortableandeasyforelderlyanddisabledpassengerstogetonandoff.Theprogrammeiswellreceived.PeopleinSurabayasaid,“___5___Itisawin-winsituation.”Thistypeof