2024秋高中英语Unit3AhealthylifeSectionⅢGrammar-it的用法Ⅰ学案含解析新人教版选修6

PAGEUnit3AhealthylifeSectionⅢGrammar——it的用法(Ⅰ)一、it用作代词1．it用作人称代词：(1)指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事；(2)指代性别不明的child或baby；(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。如：Myfriendofferedmeabeautifulgiftyesterday,andIlikeitverymuch.我挚友昨天给了我一件美丽的礼物，我特别喜爱。Hissisterhasgivenbirthtoababyrecently.Itissaiditisverybeautiful.他姐姐最近生了个孩子。据说孩子很美丽。—Whoiswaitingforyouatthebusstop?—Ihavenoidea.Itmaybemybrother.“谁正在公共汽车站等你？”“我不知道。可能是我哥哥。”2．it用作非人称代词：(1)it可以表示天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境状况等；(2)it也可以表示一般的、笼统的状况。如：Itisafinedaytoday,isn'tit?今日是个好天气，对吧？Itisfivekilometrestothetownfromthevillage.从村庄到城镇有5千米的路。It'steno'clocknow.现在10点钟了。Itistoobad.Thereismuchworkformetodotoday.糟透了。今日我有太多的工作要做。3．it可以指代指示代词this,that或不定代词something,nothing。如：Wheneversheseessomethingthatshelikes,shegoesandbuysit.每当她看到了喜爱的东西，她就会去买下来。二、it用作引导词1．it在句中作形式主语：it作为形式主语常用于下面句型中：(1)Itbe＋adj.＋(forsb.)todo...(对某人来说)做……是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有possible,necessary,important,easy,strange,natural等)(2)Itbe＋n.＋doing...做……是……的。(常用于本句型的名词有good,use等)(3)Itbe＋adj.＋doing...做……是……的。(常用于本句型的形容词有useless,worthwhile等)(4)Itbe＋adj.＋that...(对某人来说)做……是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有necessary,important,strange,natural等)留意：此句型中从句一般用虚拟语气，即(should)do。(5)Itbe＋过去分词＋that...据……。(常用于本句型的过去分词有said,announced,believed,reported,known,hoped等)(6)Itbe＋n.＋that...做……是……的。(常用于此句型的名词有pity,honour,shame,wonder等)如：Itisimpossibletogettherebyboat.坐船不行能到那里。Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.＝Itisuselessgivinghimsomeadvice.给他提建议没用。Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.这项工作应当被完备完成，这是必要的。Itwassaidthatthetyphoon,Haiyan,hadcausedalotofdamage.据说台风海燕已造成了很大的破坏。It'sapitythatyoucan'tcome.你不能来真缺憾。2．it在句中作形式宾语：it作为形式宾语常用于句型“动词＋it＋形容词/名词/动词­ing＋(forsb.＋)todo/that从句”中。常用动词有think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep等。如：Theyconsidereditimportanttohavetheworkdoneontime.他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。Wemakeitaruletovisittheoldeveryweekend.我们规定每个周末都去探望那些老人。Hethoughtitnousetryingtoconvincethem.他认为劝服他们没有用。Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.我认为你去参与这个会议很重要。3．it的其他句型：(1)Itremainstobedone＋从句(真正的主语)……有待于……如：Itremainstobeseenwhethermakingatripoftendoesgoodtotheoldcouple'shealth.常常旅行是否对老年夫妇的健康有好处有待于证明。(2)It＋hits/strikes/occurstosb.＋从句(真正的主语)，某人突然想起……如：Itoccurredtomethatweshouldstartoffatonce.我突然想起我们应当立即动身。(3)动词appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike后面由if或when引导从句时，中间用it，构成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike＋it＋if/when从句”。如：Hewillappreciateitiftheyinvitehim.假如他们邀请他，他将特别感谢。Shehateditwhenhebraggedthathewasthemostimportant.她厌烦他自吹自己最重要。(4)动词短语rely/dependon/upon(依靠)，seeto(负责，照料)，answerfor(负担，担保)，askfor(恳求)后跟that引导的从句作宾语时，中间需用形式宾语it，构成“动词短语＋it＋that从句”结构。如：Youcandependonitthatsheisalwaysconcernedaboutherowninterests.她总是关切自身的利益，对这一点可以打包票。Pleaseseetoitthatthedoorislocked.请确保门锁了。(5)用于“动词＋it＋介词短语＋that从句”结构中：takeitforgrantedthat...认为……天经地义oweittosb.that...把……归功于某人leaveittosb.that...把……留给某人keepitinmindthat...把……记在心里如：Heowesittohisdoctor'scarethatheisquitewellagain.多亏医生的照料，他的病才好了。Keepitinmindthatyouhavetobehomeby11o'clock.记住，你必需在11点以前回家。Ⅰ.句型转换(用it作形式主语)1．Weallknewthattheyhadbrokentheirpromise.→It_was_known_thattheyhadbrokentheirpromise.2．Ifyouwanttogiveupsmokinginashorttime,itwillbedifficult.→It_is_difficult_to_give_upsmokinginashorttime.3．Sinceyouhavespiltyourmilk,cryingoveritisuseless.→It's_useless/no_usecryingoverspiltmilk.4．Hehasmadeuphismind.Youneedn'ttrytopersuadehim.→It's_not_necessaryforyoutotrytopersuadehim.5．Theweakbabyisbecomingstrongerandstronger,whichmakeshisparentshappy.→Itmakeshisparentshappythattheweakbabyisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thishouseisbeautifulwithagarden.Wereallylikeitverymuch.2．—Ihaveanewcopyofthebook.I'dliketosendittoyou.—No,thanks.I'dratherbuyoneinthebookstore.3．I'dappreciateitifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.4．Thedoctorthoughtitbetterforyoutohaveaholidaythantokeeponworking.5．Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.6．Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandseewhoitis.7．It'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.8．Thesoldiersfeelittheirdutytodefendtheirmotherland.9．Thisisnotmystory,norisitthewholestory.Mystoryplaysoutdifferently.10．Well,youmustn'tplayontheroad.Itisdangerous!Ⅲ.句型训练1．It_is_reported_that(据报道)therewasaseriousaccidentonthathighwaylastweekend.2．How_far_is_it(多远)fromyourhometowntoBeijing?3．Keep_it_in_mind