2024-2025学年湖南省师大附中高三上学期月考（二）英语试题及答案

湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)英语第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheVirginIslandsNationalParkisatropical(热带的)paradiseontheislandofSt.John,whichcoversmorethanhalfofthesmallisland.ItissurroundedbytheAtlanticOceantothenorthandtheCaribbeanSeatothesouth,wheretheclimateiswarmallyear.Theisland'swhitesandbeachesandclearblueseasareconsideredtobeamongthemostbeautifulintheCaribbean,gainingreputationandpopularityamongvisitorsacrosstheworld.HowthenationalparkwasformedLaurenceRockefellerwasanAmericanmillionaire,businessmanandconservationist.HevisitedSt.Johninthe1950s.Hequicklyfellinlovewiththeisland'sclean,purebeauty.Hefirstpurchasedasmallresortthere,CaneelBay.Healsopurchasedmorethan2,000hectaresoftheislandanddonatedittothegovernment.ThatdonationcreatedtheU.S.VirginIslandsNationalPark.ItwasofficiallyopenedasanationalparkonDecember1,1956.HowtogettotheparkTheonlywaytoreachtheparkisbyboat.Somepeoplearriveontheirownsailboats.Otherscomeinonlargecruiseships.VisitorsalsoarriveonwatertaxisfromtheislandofSt.Thomas.WhattodoattheparkFromthetropicalhillstothebluewaterstherearemanythingstodoattheVirginIslandsNationalPark.Visitorsenjoyfishing,camping,sailing,scubadiving,snorkeling(浮潜),andbirdwatching.Ofallofthepark'sbeaches,TrunkBayBeachissaidtobethemoststriking.Belowtheclearbluewaterisa200-metersnorkelingpath.HawksnestBeachisalsoapopularplaceforsnorkeling.NeartheshorearethreesmallreefsofElkhornCoral.TheElkhornCoralgetsitsnamefromitsshape.Thereeflookssimilartothehugehorns(角)ofananimalcalledelk.Itisaveryrarekindofreef.Scientistssayitisindangerofbecomingextinct.TheVirginIslandsNationalParkisoftencalledAmerica'sparadise.ItprotectsSt.John'spristinenature,andpreservestherecordofhumanhistoryintheCaribbean.Don'thesitate!Comehereandputyourselfintheparadise!1.WhatismostlikelyattractivetotouristswhentheyvisittheVirginIslandsNationalPark?第1页/共10页A.Itstropicalclimate.C.Itsbeautifulscenery.B.Itslocation.D.Itsactivity.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheVirginIslandsNationalPark?A.Ananimalcalledelkisatriskofbecomingdyingout.B.Visitorscanchooseanymeansoftransportationtogettothepark.CLaurence'sdonationgreatlycontributedtothefoundationofthepark.D.Thereisa200-metersnorkelingpathbeneaththewateroftheHawksnestBeach.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aspeechscript.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Anacademicessay.D.Ageographicjournal.BBoeing’sStarlinerspacecraftlandedinaNewMexicodesertlateonFriday,monthsafteritsoriginaldeparturedateandwithoutthetwoastronautsitcarriedwhenitlaunchedinearlyJune.TheNasaastronautsSuniWilliamsandButchWilmoreshouldhaveflowntheStarlinerbacktoEarthinJune,aweekafterlaunchinginit.Butthruster(推进器)failuresandhelium(氦气)leaksmarredtheirride.Instead,theywillremainattheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)fortherestoftheyearandwillreturninFebruaryaboardtheSpaceXDragonspacecraft.NasaultimatelydecideditwastooriskytoreturnWilliamsandWilmoreontheStarliner.Sothecapsulecontainstheiremptyseatsandbluespacesuitsalongwithsomeoldstationequipment.AfterNasa’sspaceshuttleswereretiredmorethanadecadeago,NasahiredBoeingandSpaceXfororbital(轨道的)taxiservice.Boeingranintosomanyproblemsonitsfirsttestflightwithnooneonboardin2019thatithadtorepeatit.The2022do-overuncoveredevenmoreflawsandtherepairbilltopped$1.5bn.TheStarlinerfinallyblastedintospaceon5JunefromFlorida’sCapeCanaveralSpaceForceStationafterunsuccessfullauncheson6Mayand1June.Onthefirstlaunchattempt,aproblemwasfoundwithavalve(阀门)onthesecondstage,orupperportion,oftherocket.Onthesecond,acomputertrippedanautomaticholdjustthreeminutesand50secondsfromliftoff.Thatwaslaterattributedtoasinglegroundpowersupplyfaultwithinoneofthelaunchcontrolcomputers.Evenafteritsuccessfullylaunched,heliumleakscontinuedtotroublethespacecraft.AstheStarlinerapproachedtheISS,twoleaksweredetectedbutNasadeterminedthespacecraftremainedstable.Whatstartedasaneight-daymissiondraggedonforthreemonthsaftertheleaksandfaultythrustersraisedsafetyconcerns.第2页/共10页However,NasaandBoeingofficialsinsistedthattheastronautswerenottrappedandthatthetechnicaldifficultiesdidnotthreatenthemission.“We’llcomehomewhenwe’reready,”SteveStich,Nasa’scommercialcrewprogrammanager,saidinthepressconferenceinJuly.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marred”inparagraph2mean?A.Underwent.B.Stimulated.D.Blocked.C.Facilitated.5.WhatdoweknowaboutBoeing’sspacecraftlaunches?A.Theywerefilledwithdelaysandsetbacks.C.The2019mannedspaceflightwasafailureB.Starliner’sinitiallaunchwentsmoothly.D.Reasonsoftheproblemswerestillunidentified.6.Whydidn’tthetwoastronautscomebacktoEarthontime?A.Becausetheprojectwentovertheoriginalbudget.B.Becausetheywerebothinserioushealthconditions.C.BecauseitwasdangeroustotaketheStarlinerthen.D.BecauseNasaofficialsfailedtoreachanagreement.7.Whatcanbeimpliedaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thetwoastronautswouldcomebacksoon.B.Officialsconsideredthesituationwithincontrol.C.Nasaofficialswerepessimisticandpressed.D.Themissionwouldbecompletedin3months.CActorAliciaSilverstoneworriedfansonsocialmediarecently.WhileonatriptoEngland,shepostedaTikTokvideoofherselftastingakindofpoisonousberriesshefoundalongasidewalk.Silverstone,whoappearedinthe1995movieClueless,saidshethoughtthefruitwasatomato.Butwhenshebitintoitandfoundthatithadanunusualtaste,sherealizedthatitwasnotthecommonfood.Plantexpert,JessicaDamiano,recentlywroteaboutpoisonousplantsthatlooklikecommonfoodsfortheAssociatedPress.ShesaidthefruitthatlookedlikeatomatoappearstohavebeenaJerusalemcherry.Oftensoldasahouseplant,allpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous.TheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimalssaystheplantisnotonlyharmfultohumansbutalsotodogs,catsandhorses.Eatinglargeamountscanbedeadly.Silverstonewasluckybecauseshedidnotswallowtheberries.Shewasalsoluckybecausetheberrieswerereddishorange,whichmeanttheywereripe.WhileallpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous,theplant’sunripeberriescanbeespeciallydangerous.Theycancauseproblemswiththecentralnervousandgastrointestinal(肠胃的)systems.第3页/共10页TheJerusalemcherryisnottheonlytoxicplantthatlookslikeasafeone.ThepoisonousCarolinahorsenettlefruitalsolookslikeatomato.Itisalsoknownasdevil’spotatotoaddtotheconfusion.TheVirginiacreeperfruitalsolookslikeblueberries,anditcanbedeadlyifeaten.Wildparsniphasflowerslikeacarrotandleaveslikeparsley(欧芹).Simplytouchingitcancauseaskinproblem.Creepingbuttercuplookslikeflat-leafparsley.Itcancauseseverestomachpain,vomiting(呕吐)andheartproblems.AndCanadianmoonseedcanbeconfusedwithwildgrape.However,itstasteissobitterthatyouwouldlikelyspititoutbeforeswallowingit.Thisisagoodthingbecauseeatingitcanleadtodeath.Ifyouthinkyouhaveswallowedatoxicplantbymistake,contactapoisoncontrolcenterinyourareaoryourdoctorimmediately.Thereisadditionalinformationonthewebsite.Damianoadvisesusingcommonsensewithplantsyoufindinthewild.Ifyouarenotcompletelysurethatsomethingisfood,donoteatit.8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sargument.B.Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.C.Toraisethepublic’sattentionofwildplants.D.Topopularizetheknowledgeofmedicalscience.9.WhywasSilverstonethoughttobefortunate?A.Theberriesshehadabitewereripe.B.Shefoundthefruitsheatewasatomato.C.Shehadagoodknowledgeofwildplants.D.Theamountoftheberriessheconsumedwaslarge.10.Accordingtothedescription,whatplantscanbemostharmfultopeople?A.Carolinahorsenettleandwildparsnip.BVirginiacreeperandcreepingbuttercup.C.WildparsnipandCanadianmoonseed.D.CanadianmoonseedandVirginiacreeper.11.Whatmaybethesuitablemeasureifsomeonemistakenlyswallowsapoisonousplant?A.Spittingitoutasquicklyaspossible.B.Makinganappointmentwiththeirdoctor.C.Gettingintouchwiththelocalauthorityinstantly.第4页/共10页D.SearchingfortherelevantinformationontheInternet.DSuperhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechess,orsolvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren’tclosetomastering:mindreading.Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthatmeanswecananticipateotherpeople’sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAIsaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife—tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball—wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.Inpsychology,theabilitytoinferanother’smentalstateisreferredtoastheoryofmind.Inhumans,thiscapacitydevelopsataveryyoungage.Howtoreproducethecapabilityinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.Oneofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouaregoingforarunandyoureply“it’sraining”,theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshugeamountsofbackgroundknowledgeaboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturallyfromone’sownlearningprocess.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.Inaddition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheoryofmindthatwedon’tknowaboutsimplybecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesandacertainabilitytothink.ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.Humanscanclearlyexplaintheirgoalstoeachotherusingcommonlanguageandideas.WhilelettingAIformthetheoryofmindintheirlearningprocessislikelytoleadtodevelopingmorepowerfulAI,plainlybuildinginsharedwaystorepresentknowledgemaybecrucialforhumanstotrustandcommunicatewithAI.Itisimportanttoremember,though,thatthepursuitofmachineswiththeoryofmindisaboutmorethanjustbuildingmoreusefulrobots.ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontextscanAIunderstandwell?A.Whenaskedwhereanobjectis,anaughtykidpointsinthewrongdirection.B.Whenateacherasksforaboy’shomework,heanswers“mydogateit”.第5页/共10页C.Whenyouaretreatedwithahotpotfordinner,youreply“asorethroat”.D.Whenamomtellsherkidmilkisgoodforhealth,thekiddrinksitup.13.Whichstatementwilltheauthoragreewithmostabouttheoryofmind?A.Humans’theoryofmindisfarfromperfect.B.HumanslimitAI’stheoryofmindtoanextent.C.AI’stheoryofminddevelopmenthasbeentotallydecoded.D.SharedformsoftheoryofmindresultinmorepowerfulAI.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtrulyself-awaremachines?A.AmbiguousB.Conservative.D.Approving.C.Skeptical.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AI’sTheoryofMindWillDefineOurFutureB.AIwithItsOwnTheoryofMindIsExpectedC.AI’sTheoryofMind—aBlessingorSufferingtoHumansD.TheoryofMindBridgestheGapBetweenHumansandAI第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ensuringthatyourhomeisasenergy-efficientasitcanpossiblybeisessential.Takethestepslistedbelow,andyou'llbelivinginanenergy-efficienthomeinnotime.____16____Tostopitinitstracks,youmustinvestinhavingyourhouseinsulated(隔热的).Takingsuchactionmaydemandsomecostinadvance,butitwillbesuretosaveyouoverf100ayearwhenitcomestoyourenergybills.Theoldboilers(锅炉)arenotasenergy-efficientastheverylatestmodelsinthisfield.____17____Byinvestinginatopofthelineboiler,you'llnodoubttapintoanumberofsavings.What'smore,makingthiskindofinvestmentwillalsobesuretoloweryourhome'scarbonemissions.Onlywhenyouknowhowmuchenergyyouusecanyoutakeactiontobelesswastefulandmoreresourcefulinthisinstance.____18____Toassistyouintakingonthisextremelyimportantchallenge,youmightwanttoconsiderfittinganenergymonitorinyourhome.____19____Butifyou'relucky,yourelectricityproviderwillgiveyouoneforfree.Thismonitorwillprovideyouandyourfamilywithconstantupdatesontheamountofenergyyouareusingonaday-to-daybasis.第6页/共10页Withjustafewyearstogountilclimatechangealtersearthforever,nowisthetimeforyoutoplayyourpartinprotectingtheplanetthatyoulivein.____20____A.Generally,thistypeofdevicewillcostbetweenf25andf40.B.Itmeansyoushouldtrytokeeptrackofenergyconsumption.C.Theinvestmentdemandedinthiscaseisofgreatsignificance.D.Byputtingtheaboveadviceintopractice,you'llbegreensoon.E.Takingsuchactionwillhelpyouadjusttoclimatechangebetter.F.Mostofyourhome'swastedenergywillescapethroughyourroof.G.Itmightbehightimetoupdateyoursifyouhaven'tdonesoforyears第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Notlongintomycareerinjournalism,IrealizedIwasinneedofsomeslow,____21____adventure.Thekindoffunthatrequiredlittleplanning,zerostressandalotoftime.Thekindoftimeyouoftendidn'tgetina____22____.Andthat'swhenI____23____asecret.Washington,D.C.,thecitywhereIlive,isfullofhiddenfossils.Inmyoverstimulatedlife,Ibeganto____24____fossils.Manyofthelocalsitesarewithin80milessouthofthecapitalalongthePotomacRiver,sofossilhunting____25____removesmefromthecity.Itisavisualgame,requiring____26____andfocus.Spottingrecognizableshapesinthewildislikethinkingoverabroken____27____inthesediment(沉积物).Isitatooth,aboneorashell?I'mlookingforthe____28____endpieces.Thankfully,my____29____phoneserviceintheseplacesholdsbacktherestoftheworldwhileI'mfindinganotherone.AndIknowthefossilsaren'tdemandingmy_______30_______attentionbecausetheyhavenothingbuttime.Once,Itookabottle-cap-sizedtrilobite(三叶虫)fossilintothenewsroomandplaceditwithinmysight.ItwassomethingIwantedto_______31_______throughouttheday.Turningoverthatpieceofrockisawayto_______32_______meoutsideforamomentandtoatimebeforehumansarrivedand_______33_______citiesontopofthoselands.Thinkingaboutgeologicaltimemakesmefeelbriefandremarkable,likethelittletrilobite.Myworriedmind_________34_________.Irealizealotofstressfuldetailsdon'tmatter.My_______35_______shifts.MaybeIdon'tneedtotakethatphonecallrightthisminute.第7页/共10页21.A.dangerous22.A.houseB.low-riskB.carC.historicalC.newsroomC.guardedC.purchaseC.eventuallyC.trainingC.resourceC.rareD.romanticD.school23.A.revealed24.A.seekB.hidD.discoveredD.modifyD.typicallyD.courageD.puzzleB.search25.A.gradually26.A.patience27.A.dreamB.physicallyB.strengthB.image28.A.obvious29.A.precious30.A.scholarly31.A.avoidB.expensiveB.conventionalB.publicD.impressiveD.clearC.poorC.extraD.immediateD.displayD.transportD.foundB.noticeC.introduceC.seize32.A.touchB.hold33.A.builtB.exploredB.settlesdownB.questionC.conqueredC.goesblankC.standard34.A.takesoff35.A.standpointD.runsoutD.task第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LongmenHydrologicalStation,whichhasahistoryof90yearssinceitsestablishmentin1934,istheonlyhydrologicalstation____36____(locate)onthecliffsoftheYellowRiver.Providinghydrologicalinformationanddataforvarioustasks,suchasfloodcontrol,droughtrelief,disaster____37____(reduce),reservoiroperation,waterresourcesallocationmanagementandwaterconservancyprojectconstruction,____38____isakeynationallevelhydrologicalstation.ThehangingcraneboxonthecablepathacrosstheYellowRiveristheonlyway____39____(access)thestation.Asopposed____40____thetraditionalmeasurementssuchastestingtheflowswithawoodenboat,thecurrentmeasurementsarequitehigh-tech.Thenewly-usedwaterlevelidentificationsystemcannotonlyobtainthefluctuatingwaterlevelinformationtimely,butalsogenerateitintodata____41____(automatic).Withanaverageageof28,thestaff____42____(work)atthestationtodayareyoungerthanthoseinpreviousyears.InSeptember2019,ecologicalprotectionandhigh-qualitydevelopmentintheYellowRiverbasinweremade____43____majornationalstrategy.ThroughoutthewholeYellowRiverbasin145hydrologicalstations____44____(distribute)alongthe第8页/共10页watercourse.Morethan2,000hydrologistsaregivingfullplaytotheroleof“eyesandears”_____45_____guardingtheYellowRiverwithresponsibilityandhardwork.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Mike所在的学校将开设汉语选修课。他来信咨询如何布置一间教室来营造良好的汉语学习氛围。请给他回信，提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,GreetingsfromChina!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ohno.CoachCaffertyjustsaidmyname.Forthatevent.Thetwo-hundred-metrebreaststroke(蛙泳)forthecomingmeet!Notthebackstroke(仰泳)Ihadwishedandpracticedforsolong!Beadsofsweatpoppedoutovermyupperlip.Morganpressedherelbowintomyside,tryingtooffermemoralsupport.Butitdidn’thelp.Mystomachsanktomykneeslikeabrickinwater.Morgantriedtoconvincemeitwouldbefine.“MaybeCoachhasmoreconfidenceinyouthanyouthink.OrmaybeCoachCaffertyjustwanttogivetherestalaughwhenIsinktothebottomofthepool,”Ithoughtdesperately.IwalkedtowardsCoachCaffertyandtoldheraboutmyinabilityandmydesiretoquitthisevent.ShefrownedandaskedifitwaswhatIreallywanted.Ihesitated.Placingherhandonmyshoulder,shestartedsmilingandencouragedmetopushmyselfoutsideofmycomfortzone.Thefirstpracticewasadisaster.Ilostrhythmonmystrokes.Imessedupmyturns.Ievenhadtostopandcatchmybreathafewtimes.Ifelteveryonewaslaughingatmeandmystomachtwisted.HowcouldImakeitwithinjust第9页/共10页twoweeks?ButonceIdraggedmyselfoutofthewater,exhaustedandfrustrated,CoachCaffertythumbeduptome,sayingIdidreallywellandjustneededmoreconfidenceinmyselfandmoretimetopractice.Onthewaybackhome,Morgancomfortedme,“Dear,justignoreothers.Raceagainstyourself.Countyourownstrokes.Provetoyourselfthatyoucandoit.”Withthesewordssaidtomealmosteveryday,beforeoraftereachpractice,somethinggraduallychanged:bothhowIswamthebreaststrokeandhowIfeltabouttheeventaswellasmyself.Themeetfinallycame.Iarrivedatthepoolhall,stillalittlebitworried.Aseacheventclickedclosertomine,mykneesshook.Ibitmylipandlookedoutovertheotherswimmers.Morganleanedforward.“Justswimyourrace.Remember,youcan!”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Thenthetwo-hundred-milestonebreaststrokewasannounced.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________