11学生版本文章结构

A1

Ifyougoshoppinginanytoystore,youcanseeclearlythedifferentgamesandtoysforboysandgirls:therearealotofpinktoysononesideofthestoreforgirls;anddarkcoloredcars,guns,andsoldiersforboys.Somebigstoreswithtoysmayevenhaveapinkfloorforgirlsandabluefloorforboys.Infact,itisdifficulttobuyatoyforagirlthatisnotpink.

Somepeoplethinkthattoomuchpinkisbadforgirls.SuePalmer,writerofToxicChildhood,isveryworriedthatmostgirlsovertheageofthreearecrazyaboutthecolor.Accordingtosomescientists,thishappensfortworeasons.Firstly,mostpaniesoffertoomanyproductsinpink.Also,manyparentsthinktheirlittledaughterlookscuteinpink.SuePalmersaysthatgirlsatthisagecannotmakeproperdecisionsbythemselves,butthepinkcanaffectthechoicesandthedecisionstheywillmakeinthefuture.

Someparentsareworriedtoo,forexample,VanessaHolburn,thirtytwo,whohastwogirlsundertheageoffour.TheirbedroomsareaseaofpinkandVanessaisnothappy."Pinksaysthatyouaresoftandgentle.Bluesaysthatyouarestrongandpowerful.Iwantmydaughterstobestrongandpowerful.I'mworriedthatpinkwillnothelpthemwiththat,"shesays.

Butnoteveryonethinksthere'ssomethingwrongwithpink.GraysonTurnerisafatherofthreegirlsandheisn'tworriedatall."Peopleforgetthatthingschangeallthetime,"hesays."Mygirlsusedtolovepinkwhentheywerelittle,butastheygetolder,theychange."Turnerexplainsthathistwelveyearolddaughterneverwearspinkclothesanymore."Thisloveofpinkisjustafashionandallfashionschange,"headds."It'sonlysincethe1940sthatpeoplehavestarteddressinggirlsinpink—beforethatitwasacolorforboys."Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.B2WhenIwasachildinkindergarten,Ihadtotakeanapduringschooleveryday.Itwasprobablymyleastfavoritethingaboutbeinginkindergarten.Butnow,asanadult,Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletorelaxandgetsomerestinthemiddleofthedayisgreat!ButattitudestowardnapsarequitedifferentwhenparingtheUSandChina.IntheUS,takinganapinthemiddleofthedayislookeddownupon.Peoplewhotakenapsareseenaslazybones.Youcanevenbefiredfromyourjobifyoufallasleepatwork.ThiskindofthinkingdatesbacktothefoundersoftheUS.Theywereknownforworkinghard.ButinChina,takinganapisjustanormalpartoftheday.Somepeopleevenbringtheirownquilttoworkfornaptime!PeopleinChinahaveamuchmorerelaxedattitudetowardtakingnaps.Ononehand,itistruethatyouspendlesstimeworkingorstudyingifyoutakeanap.Therearealsotimeswhenitisnˈtappropriate(合适的)totakeanap.Youdonˈtwanttofallasleepinthemiddleofanimportantmeeting,orduringawedding.Butontheotherhand,havingashortrestcanhelpyouworkbetter.Agoodrestcanimproveyourmoodaswell.Sowhynottakeanapduringlunchbreakandmaketherestofthedaymoreenjoyable?Anafternoonnapcanmakeyourdaybetter.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttodividethemintothreeparts?

(①=Para.1②=Para.2

③=Para.3

④=Para.4

⑤=Para.5

⑥=Para.6)A.①;②③④⑤;⑥ B.①;②③④;⑤⑥

C.①②;③④;⑤⑥ D.①②;③④⑤;⑥C3

Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonedecidedtotakeawayyourpark?Wellthat'swhat'shappeninginmymunity.There'saparkthatsomepeoplewanttoturnintoagolfcourse(高尔夫球场).LetmetellyouwhyIthinkit'sabadidea.

First,aparkismeanttobeforthewholemunity.Noteveryonelikesgolf,sonoteveryonewillgettousethepark.Thisisn'tfair.Amunityparkshouldhaveopenspacesforeveryonetouse.

Second,tomakewayforthegolfcourse,lotsofplaygroundequipmentwillhavetobemovedorknockeddown,whichisawasteoftimeandmoney.It'salsoawasteofperfectlygoodequipment.Theswings,forexample,willprobablyjustendupaslitter.

Third,whataboutgivingyoungpeoplesomethingtodo?Notallkidsarecrazyaboutgolf.Atthemoment,theparkhasaskatingplaceandaplayground.Theseattractlotsofkidsfromthemunity.Ifyouturntheparkintoagolfcourse,thesekidswon'thaveanywheretogoandtheywon'thaveanythingtodo.Thismeansthattheywillstayathomeandturnonavideogameratherthangetsomeexercise.Italsomeansthattheymightbeoutonthestreetcausingtrouble.Wouldn'titbebettertogivethemsomethingtodoatthepark?

Finally,golfisexpensive.Buildingagolfcourseandmaintaining(维护)itcostsalotofmoney.Whoisgoingtopaytomaintainthegolfcourse?Whataboutthosepeoplewhocan'taffordtojoinagolfclub?Thatmeansthatthegolfcoursewillonlybeavailabletopeoplewithlotsofmoney.

Turningourparkintoagolfcourseisabadidea.Isuggestwehaveamunitymeetingbeforeplansgoanyfurther.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A. B.

C. D.D4①LocatedinHuapingCountyinLijiang,Yunnan,theHuapingSeniorHighSchoolforGirlsiswellknownnotonlybecauseitisthefirstgirlsˈpublichighschoolinthenationthatdoesnˈtchargetuitionfees(收学费),butalsobecausealotofstudentsthereenteruniversities.②NoneofthiswouldhavehappenedwithoutZhangGuimei.The64yearoldwomanhasbeenfightingagainsttheinequalityandprejudice(不平等和偏见)girlsfaceinthemountainsforalongtime.③In2001,Zhang,thenateacherofalocalmiddleschool,noticedthatmanygirls,especiallyfrompoorfamilieshadlittlechanceofgettinganeducation.Inaconversationwithoneofherstudentsˈmother,Zhanglearnedthatparentsthoughtitwaslessimportantforgirlstostudy.TheseexperiencesinspiredZhangtostartaschoolforgirlslivinginthemountains.Shealsodecidedthattheschoolwouldnˈtchargetuitionfees.④Toraisemoney,between2002and2007,Zhangspentthesummerandwintervacationsonthestreets,askingpeopletogiveawaymoneytoherschool.However,manypeoplerefusedandlaughedather.Sheonlycollectedabout10,000yuan.Thatˈsnowherenearenoughtostartaschool.⑤Theturningpointcamein2007.Thatyear,Zhangwenttoattendthe17thCPCNationalCongressinBeijing.Atthemeeting,areporternoticedZhangwaswearingjeanswithholesinthem,andreportedherstory.Sincethen,Zhangandherdreamtostartaschoolforgirlshavedrawnattentionfromthepublic.Atlast,Zhanggotonemillionyuanfromthelocalgovernment,andtheHuapingSeniorHighSchoolforGirlswasopenedinSeptember2008.⑥Thereweremanydifficultiesinthebeginning,butZhangdidnˈtgiveup.“Iwantmystudentstogotogooduniversities,”shesaid.Duringthepastyears,over1,600girlshavegraduatedfromtheschoolandreceivedhighereducationatuniversities.TheseachievementscameatthecostofZhangˈshealth.⑦Whenaskedwhyshesparednoefforttohelpgirlsinthemountainsreceivebettereducation,Zhangsaid,“Educationforwomencaninfluencethreegenerations(三代人).”Ifweputthepassageinto3parts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?A.①②；③④⑤；⑥⑦ B.①；②③④⑤；⑥⑦

C.①；②③④⑤⑥；⑦ D.①②③④⑤；⑥；⑦E5

Howdoweknowthetime?Aclock,awatchoramobilephonecanhelpus.However,manyyearsago,therewerenoclocksandknowingthetimewasnotsoeasy.Overthecenturiespeoplehavedevelopeddifferentwaysoftellingthetime.

About5,500yearsago,theEgyptiansinventedthesunclock.Thiswasatallstonebuilding.Itsshadowshowedthemovementofthesun.Sopeoplewereabletoknowmidday.TheEgyptiansmadeasundialabout3,500yearsago.Itwassmallerthanthesunclockandcouldletpeopleknowthetimeforhalfaday.Oncloudydaysoratnightitwasimpossibletotellthetimewithasunclockorasundial.Waterclockswerethefirstclocksnottousethesun.Theideaissimple.Waterflowsfromonebottletoanother.Whenthewaterreachesacertainlevel,itshowsthehours.TheEgyptiansusedwaterclocksabout3,400yearsago.TheseclockswerepopularintheMiddleEastandChina.Buttheyfailedtomakepeopleknowtheexacttime.

Inthe13thcentury,themechanicalclockwasinvented.Thiswasmoreexact,butitwasexpensivetomakeone.Overthenextfewcenturiesitwasdeveloped.Forexample,springs(发条)wereaddedaround1,500.Thisenabledpeopletogetthecorrecttimeandallowedclockstobesmaller.In1927,thefirstquartzclockwasdeveloped.Clocksbecamecheapertobuild.It'salsocheaperforordinarypeopletoownaclock.Peoplebegandependingonthemmoreandmoretorunbusiness,marketsandsoon.Morerecently,in1956,camethedigitalclock.Andnowadayssatellitessendourmobilephonesthetimetotheexactsecond.

Therehasbeenalotofprogressintimekeeping.Clocksarealwayschangingbutsomethingsneverchange.Manyofusstillhavetroublegettingoutofbedontimeandnotbeinglateforschoolorwork.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(①＝Paragraph1②＝Paragraph2,...)?A. B.

C.​​​​​​​ D.F6

Ifyougoshoppinginanytoystore,youcanseeclearlythedifferentgamesandtoysforboysandgirls:therearealotofpinktoysononesideofthestoreforgirls;anddarkcoloredcars,guns,andsoldiersforboys.Somebigstoreswithtoysmayevenhaveapinkfloorforgirlsandabluefloorforboys.Infact,itisdifficulttobuyatoyforagirlthatisnotpink.

Somepeoplethinkthattoomuchpinkisbadforgirls.SuePalmer,writerofToxicChildhood,isveryworriedthatmostgirlsovertheageofthreearecrazyaboutthecolor.Accordingtosomescientists,thishappensfortworeasons.Firstly,mostpaniesoffertoomanyproductsinpink.Also,manyparentsthinktheirlittledaughterlookscuteinpink.SuePalmersaysthatgirlsatthisagecannotmakeproperdecisionsbythemselves,butthepinkcanaffectthechoicesandthedecisionstheywillmakeinthefuture.

Someparentsareworriedtoo—forexample,VanessaHolburn,thirtytwo,whohastwogirlsundertheageoffour.TheirbedroomsareaseaofpinkandVanessaisnothappy."Pinksaysthatyouaresoftandgentle.Bluesaysthatyouarestrongandpowerful.Iwantmydaughterstobestrongandpowerful.I'mworriedthatpinkwillnothelpthemwiththat,"shesays.

​

Butnoteveryonethinksthere'ssomethingwrongwithpink.GraysonTurnerisafatherofthreegirlsandheisn'tworriedatall."Peopleforgetthatthingschangeallthetime,"hesays."Mygirlsusedtolovepinkwhentheywerelittle,butastheygetolder,theychange."Turnerexplainsthathistwelveyearolddaughterneverwearspinkclothesanymore."Thisloveofpinkisjustafashionandallfashionschange,"headds."It'sonlysincethe1940sthatpeoplehavestarteddressinggirlsinpink—beforethatitwasacolorforboys."Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B.

C. D.G7

Antsarekindofhumanalikebuttheyhavesomesurprisingbehaviors.

Theyliveinbigantcitiescalledcolonies(聚居地).Inthecolonies,thousandsofantsworktogethertobuildrooms,findfoodandprotecttheiryoungkids.Antsliveinundergroundtunnels.Inthesetunnels,therearespecialroomsforfoodandforbabyants.Someantshavetopickupalltherubbishfromthecolonyandbringitoutsidethecolony.Doyouthinkallthatrubbishmightbetoomuchforalittleant?Thinkagain.Eventhoughtheyaresosmall,antscanliftupto20timestheirownweight.That'saboutasmuchasa10yearoldboyliftsasmallcar.

Antscan'ttalk,butthisdoesn'tstoptheselittleanimals.Antsmunicatebyleavingdifferentchemicalsfromtheirbodiesforotherantstosmell.Forexample,ifanantfindsapieceoffood,itwillsendoutchemicalsthatsay,"Thereisfoodhere."Theotherantswillfollowtheirnosestowardthefooduntilitisallgone.Ontheotherhand,ifthereissomethingdangerousaround,antswillsendchemicalsthatsay,"Stayaway."

ThemostimportantjobforantsistoprotecttheQueen.EachantcolonyhasaQueen,andshelayseggs.Queenantscanliveuptofifteenyears!

Sonexttimeyouseeants,stopandthinkabouthowamazingtheselittleanimalsareandwhattheirlivesarelike.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B.

C. D.H8

Tomatoestastegreat.

Withalotofvitamins,

theyaregoodforyou,

too!

Peopleallovertheworldenjoythisamazingfruit.

Notalltomatoesarered.

Theycanbeyellow,orange,

pink,

orwhite.

Alltomatoesaregreenbeforetheyarereadytobepicked.

Thenthetomatoesturntheirtruecolor.

Thatˈswhenthey

ˈrereadytoeat!

TomatoesfirstgrewintheAmericas.

TheIncasgrewthemover

1,000

yearsago.

TheywereintroducedtoEuropebytheSpanishintheearly

16thcentury.

TheSpanishandItaliansseemtohavebeenthefirstEuropeanstoacceptthemasfood,

InFrance,

peoplegrew.

Tomatoesinthegardenjusttoenjoytheirbeauty.

Manypeopletherethoughttomatoeswouldmakethemsick.

Itwasyearsbefore

someofthem

wouldeattomatoes.

Tomatoesarefruits.

Theygrowfromseeds.

Theywonˈtgrowincoldweather.

Butwithwater,

sunlightandwarmth,

tomatoesgrowfast.

Theycangrowinpotsorintheground.

Astheplantgrowstaller,peoplemaytieittoastick.

Nextisthebloomingstage.

Flowersappear.

Theflowersturnintofruit.Somekindsoftomatoescanbepickedinaboutsixmoreweeks.

Sometomatoesarelarge.Onekindoftomatocanweighasmuchastwopounds.

Youcaneatrawtomatoes.

First,

washthem.

Then,cutthemupfor,

saladsorsandwiches.

Tomatoescanbecooked,

too.

Theycanbegrilled,

boiled,

orevenfried.

Doyouuseketchup？

Itismadefromtomatoes.Tomatoesdonˈthaveasmell.

Buttheytastegreatinfoodsaroundtheworld.

ManydishesfromIndiausetomatoes.

SpaghettisauceandpizzafromItalyusethem,

too.

RawtomatoesareinMexicansalsa.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？________A. B.

C. D.I9Smalltalklike“Whatdoyouhavethere?Icecream?”or“Theweathertodayisbeautiful,isnˈtit?”isawasteoftime,accordingtosomepeople.Butscientistsbelievethatitisactuallymoreusefulthanitmayappeartobe.Oneexampleeswhenyouareonatrainoraplane.Thethoughtoftalkingtothestrangercanbescaryandsilly.ButastudybytheUniversityofChicagofoundthatpeoplewhochattostrangersenjoyabetterridethanthosewhositinsilenceorkeepplayingtheirphones.Inthestudy,researchersaskedpeopleatChicagotrainstationstostartconversationswithfellowtravelers.Mostofthemrefusedtodosoatfirstbecausetheydidnˈtexpecttogetafriendlyanswer.Buttheresultistheoppositemoststrangersdidnˈtrefusetobetalkedto;instead,theyweregladtotalkto.“Humanbeingsaresocialanimals,”NicholasEpley,oneoftheresearcherssaid,“Otherpeoplearepeople,too.Anditturnsoutthattheyˈdliketogettoknowyou.”Whatˈsmore,smalltalkwithstrangerscanhelpyoufeelrelatedtoyoursurroundings(环境).Somestudiesfoundwhenpeopleareoftensmiledatandspokento,thereismorechanceforthemtohaveastrongersenseofbelonginginsteadoffeelingliketheyarebeingforgotten.However,ifyouarealreadyfortableenoughtomakesmalltalkwithstrangers,youshouldtrytodevelopitintosomething“bigger”.A2010studyprovedthathavingadeepandmeaningfulconversationgivesyouevenmorehappinessthansmalltalk.Participants(参与者)inthestudyreportedthatparedwithsomesimplegreetingsandreplies,theywerealothappierwhentheywentonwiththesmalltalkandfurtheritintoindepthconversations.Butdeepconversationscanstartwithsmalltalk,canˈtthey?Sothefirststepistostarttalking,nomatterhowcasualthetopicis.Andwhoknows,maybeanopeninglineassimpleas“Ilikeyourhat”couldleadtoaseriousconversationinwhichyoulearnalotfromastranger.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.①；②③④⑤；⑥⑦；⑧ B.①；②③④；⑤⑥⑦；⑧

C.①；②③；④⑤；⑥⑦⑧ D.①；②③④⑤；⑥⑦⑧J10

Tomatoestastegreat.Withalotofvitamins,theyaregoodforyou,too!Peopleallovertheworldenjoythisamazingfruit.

Notalltomatoesarered.Theycanbeyellow,orange,pink,orwhite.Alltomatoesaregreenbeforetheyturnintotheirtruecolor.That'swhenpeoplecaneatthem.

TomatoesfirstgrewintheAmericas.TheIncasgrewthemover1,000yearsago.TheSpanishintroducedthemtoEuropeintheearly16thcentury.TheSpanishandItaliansseemtohavebeenthefirstEuropeanstoacceptthemasfood.InFrance,peoplegrewtomatoesinthegardenjusttoenjoytheirbeauty.Manypeopletherethoughttomatoeswouldmakethemsick.Itwasyearsbeforesomeofthemwouldeattomatoes.

Tomatoesarefruit.Theygrowfromseeds.Theywon'tgrowincoldweather.Butwithwater,sunlightandwarmth,tomatoesgrowfast.Theycangrowinpotsorintheground.Astheplantgrowstaller,peoplemaytieittoastick.Nextisthebloomingstage.Flowersappear.Theflowersturnintofruit.Somekindsoftomatoescanbepickedinaboutsixmoreweeks.Sometomatoesarelarge.Onekindoftomatocanweighasmuchastwopounds.

Youcaneatrawtomatoes.First,washthem.Then,cutthemupforsaladsorsandwiches.Tomatoescanbecooked,too.Theycanbegrilled,boiled,orevenfried.Doyouuseketchup?Itismadefromtomatoes.Tomatoesdon'thaveasmell.Buttheytastegreatinfoodsaroundtheworld.ManydishesfromIndiausetomatoes.SpaghettisauceandpizzafromItalyusethem,too.RawtomatoesarealsousedinaMexicansauce—salsa.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B.

C. D.K11Ribbit,Ribbit！WhenthatspecialsoundesfromthepondbehindNateEganˈshouseinOregon,Illinois,heknowswhatˈsmakingit.Theyarefrogs.Therearealotofthem.Helikeshearingthekindofsound.Heoftensitsandlistenstothesoundforalongtime.However,acrosstheUnitedStates,therearefewergreenfrogsthanthereoncewere.Whenscientistshaveseenthenumberoffrogsdroppingsincethelate1980s,theyareworriedaboutit.Theyclearlyknowthefrogshaveanimportantinfluenceontheirlifeandtheenvironment.ThatˈswhyNate,9,andmorethan3，800otherkidsandadultsarevolunteeringforFrogwatchUSA.Theytriedmanywaystocheckouttheconditionoffrogs.Forexample,theylistentofrogsˈcallsduringspringandsummer.Andthentheyreporttheirobservations(观察)onlinetoscientists.Itisveryhelpfulforscientiststostudythefrogs.Thenscientistswillmakesomeusefulandhelpfulplanstoprotectthefrogs.AmyGoodstineisthecoordinator(协调员)ofFrogwatchUSA.Shesaysthatpollution,pesticides(杀虫剂),globalwarming,andthelossofhabitatsareamongthe_factorsthreatening(威胁)thefrogpopulation.Nowthenumberoffrogsisbeingsmallerandsmaller.Thismusthaveabiginfluenceontheenvironment.TheU．S.GeologicalSurvey(USGS)startedFrogwatchUSAin1999.Itspurposewastotrytofindoutwhyfrogsarebeingfewerandfewer.In2001,theUSGSandtheNationalWildlifeFederationstartedworkingtogetheronthisproject.Thestructureofthepassagemaybe________．A.B.

C.D.L12①Manyhomeshavecamerastoprotectthemfromdanger.Thecamerascantelltheownersifsomeonehasentered.Butthecamerasdonotknowwhetherthepersonisafamilymember,afriend,apostmanoracriminal.②ButanewcameramadebyaFrenchpanycanrecognizefaces.Itcantellparentsatworkthattheirchildrenhavereturnedfromschool,orthatthemailhasbeensenttotheirhome.Itcanalsotellthemifastrangerhasenteredtheirhome.Whenfamilymembersenterahome,thesmartcamera“recognizes”themandsendsinformationtotheowner’sphone.Theownercanchoosetoseethevideothenorlater.Butifanunknownpersonentersahome,thecamerawillsendawarningsoundontheowner’sphone.③ThisiswhathappenedrecentlytoasmarthomecameraownernamedDamien.HelivesinParis.④“OnaFridayIwasatwork,havingabigmonthlymeetingwhenmyphonemoved.AtfirstItoldmyself‘Oh,itmustbeawrongwarn,’butmyphonewastellingmetherewasafacethatthecameradidnotrecognize.Somethingwashappeninginmyhouse!⑤“IsawapersonIdidnotknowwithhisshoeson,whichisnotallowedinmyapartment.Iwatcheditonthevideo.Ifeltquitesurprised.Ihurriedbackhomeasfastaspossibleandcalledthepoliceontheway.Thankstothesmartcamera,thecriminalwascaughtsoon,”saidDamien.Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts(部分),whichofthefollowingisthebest.?(①=自然段1②=自然段2③=自然段3④=自然段4⑤=自然段5)A.①/②③/④⑤ B.①②③/④/⑤ C.①/②/③④⑤M13Everymorning,BenMumfordstartshisschooldaywithmath.Attheageoften,heisalreadystudyingGrade9math,buthedoesnˈtalwayshavetogetoutofhispajamas（睡衣裤）intimefortheclass.Hereadsmorebooksthanmostofhisfriends,studiesscienceonthebeach,andrecentlybuiltagokant（卡丁车）inatechnologylesson.Benishappyandsatisfied,all,hismotherbelieves,thankstohomeschooling.HomeschoolingisnowprobablythefastestgrowingformofeducationintheUK.Thenumberofhomeschooledchildrenhasrisenbyabout40percentoverthelastthreeyears.Hereareahandfulofreasonsforhomeschoolinginthe21stcentury.Contraryto（与……相反）thename,homeschoolingtakesplaceinarealhomeonlyasmallpartofthetime.Ithappensmoreinlibraries,museumsandmunitycolleges.Theseexperiencescanhelpkidsgrowupmuchmorequicklyandalsodevelopopenmindedness.Themainideaofhomeschoolingisthatkidsneedtolearnatthespeed,andinthestyle,mostsuitableforthem.Withouttraditionallessonstoguidetheireducation,homeschoolersgetmorechancestolearnwhatevertheywanttolearnatanytime.Forexample,theycanstudypsychologyinthefourthgrade,orfinanceintheeighthgrade.Todayˈsparentsareabletoteachtheirkidstheknowledgethemselves.Eveniftheyarenotcapableenough,theyknowexactlyhowtomakeuseofworkbooksorlearningapps.Themostmonmisunderstandingabouthomeschoolersisthattheycanˈtpractisesocialskills.However,thankstotheInternet,homeschoolerscanalsobeprovidedmanychancestomakefriends.Whatˈsmore,theydonotneedtodealwiththepotentialproblemsattraditionalschool,suchasbullying（欺凌）.Inaword,homeschoolingisontheroad!Formoststudents,schoolisreallygood,anditworksforthembecausetheylearninthewaythatschoolteaches.However,therearesomanydifferentwaysoflearningandprocessinginformationandknowledge.Itdoesnotnecessarilyworkforeveryone.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（结构）ofthepassage?A. B. C. D.N14Afewweeksago,weattendedalessongivenbyourclassmateWuRuijiewhotalkedaboutsomeofherexperiencesinAmerica.Itwasveryinterestingandlively.Wealllistenedcarefullyandweremovedbythelesson.

Duringthelesson,shesharedsomestoriesaboutherdailylifeintheUnitedStateswithusandsomecultureshocks（文化冲突）thatsheexperienced.IstillrememberthestoryshetoldwhichtookplaceintheNewYorksubway.Oneday,shewastalkingtoherChinesefriendonhermobilephonewhileablackwomanwasstandingbesideher.SheoftenusedaChinesewordwhosepronunciationwassimilartotherudeNword,sotheblackwomanstartedtoveryangrilyglareat（怒视）her.Thiswasonlyoneofherstories.Ms.TangalsosharedastoryshehadexperiencedwhenshewasinAustralia.Onahotsunnyday,whileshewaswalkingonthestreetholdinganumbrellatoprotectherfromthestrongsunlight,suddenlyamanbehindhersaidtoher,“Isitraining?”ThereasonisthatinAustraliapeopledon’tuseumbrellasonsunnydays,sothemanthoughtitwasstrangeandaskedMs.Tang.Throughtheembarrassingstories,wecanseemanydifferencesfromcountrytocountrytodecidehowweshouldfacethesesituationswhenwegoabroad.Herearesomesuggestions:First,weshouldrespecteveryonewhereverweare.Second,learnsomelocalculturebeforeyougetthere.Third,ifyoumakesomemistakes,youshouldexplainthereasons.Finally,keepakindheartatalltimes.Allinall,cultureshockisnotabigdealaslongaswetreatotherskindly.PleasepayattentiontolearningWesternculture.Thestructureofthispassageis__________.A. B.

C. D.O15①Freshgreengrass.Hundredsofcolorfulwildflowers.Waterrunningintolittlepools.Birdsmakingtheirhomesinboxes.The9,500squaremetreAugustenborgBotanicalGardenmaylookjustlikeanyotherwellorganizedparkbutthere'sadifference.Itliesontheroofs(屋顶)ofindustrialandofficebuildingsinthecityofMalmöinSweden.②Greenroofsarenotanewinvention.Andnowtheyaregettingpopularagain.Themonroofsofamoderncityhaveendlessblacksurfaceswithnolifeorwater.Perhapsthat'swhyagardenonaroofbeessuchaperfectchoiceformoreandmorepeople.③Greenroofsarenotjustpretty.Theyalsohelptocontrolthecitytemperature.Thehightemperaturesonmonroofsinthesummercanmaketopfloorflatsunfortablyhot.Whatismore,theyplayapartinmakingthecitieshotterthanthecountrysidearoundthem,causingthe"urbanheatislandeffect".Onagreenroof,however,withitsplantsandwater,temperatureschangeonlyalittle,astheydoinapark.Thiscangreatlycutthecostsofheatingandcoolinginthebuildingbelow.④Also,agreenrooftakesinrainwater,andprotectsthecitydrainage(排水)system.

Andsmallanimalsandbirdscanmaketheirhomesonit.Thankstothis,thecitymaybeepartofnature,ratherthansomethingpletelyseparatefromit.⑤Whilethecostofbuildingsucharoofcanstillbehigher,itcanbecheaperinthelongtermasaresultofenergysavings.Andwouldn'titbewonderfultobeabletowalkoutintoagardenhighabovethecity'snoiseandtraffic,whetheryou'reatschoolorinanofficeorjustathomeinatenfloorblock?

Whichofthefollowingshowstherightstructureofthetext?(①=Paragraph1,...)A. B.

C. D.P16Mostpeoplefollowothersblindly.Somepeoplefeelitsafetofollowotherpeople.Insomerarecasesitmightberight,butinmostcasesthiscanmakeabigmistake.Ninetyfivepercentofpeopleneversucceedbecausetheyarefollowingthewronggroup.Actuallytherearereasonswhyweshouldn’