第04辑一轮阅读 专题04 阅读理解难点分类突破（找共同点题+预测下段题+文章出处题）（教师版） 2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）

2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）第04辑一轮阅读专题04阅读理解难点分类突破（找共同点题+预测下段题+文章出处题）解析版目录找共同点题1+3篇P1【名师点津】P1【高考真题】P1【名校模拟】P3预测下段题1+3篇P7【名师点津】P7【高考真题】P8【名校模拟】P9文章出处题1+3篇P14【名师点津】P14【高考真题】P15【名校模拟】P16找共同点题1+3篇【名师点津】一、解题小妙招1.结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；2.排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；3.关键词法：依据题干圈划相应的关键词语，据此知道答案。二、零失误小妙招1.做题留痕，依据题干在原文圈划答题区间；2.划掉错项，去伪存真，快速作答提升效率；3.错题反思，专用笔记本记录错因举一反三。【高考真题】(2024新课标I卷)ChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistÉannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手电筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.TheNaturalWorld. B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.C.MoonlightUndertheStars. D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.22.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.Wearproperclothes. B.Joinawalkingclub.C.Getspecialpermits. D.Bringasurvivalguide.23.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing. B.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.C.Theysharethesamestartpoint. D.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.【答案】21.D22.A23.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。21.细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“WalkDuration(步行时间)”部分比较可知，“Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest(步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是1.5小时，用时最短。故选D项。22.细节理解题。根据文章“Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars(步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A项。23.细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“DateandTime(日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选D项。【名校模拟】（2024·四川乐山·三模）Wetrackdownsomeoftheworld’sgreatestrailjourneys.TheCanadianThetripfromTorontotoVancouverissleepy83hourslong—butconsideringyou’llbewindingthroughsnow-cappedRockyMountainsandCanadianShieldforests,thepacesuitsanyonelookingforrelaxation,restandpeacefulviews.Hugeglasswindowsmakethemostofthesceneryasthetraintravelsacross4,466kmofCanada’sdiverselandscape.TheBlueTrainThetrainspans1,600kmoftracklinkingPretoriawithCapeTown.Morelikeahotelonrailsthanatrain,therearecarriageswherepassengerscanrestincomfortandhavefull-sizedbaths.Thejourneytakes27hoursfromstarttofinishandcrossessomeofthemostdiverseandpicturesquesceneryontheAfricancontinent.Don’texpecttofeeltherushofwindthroughyourhairthough,asitsaveragespeedisjust57km/h.TheIndianPacificDepartingfromSydney,ittakesabout70hoursfortheIndianPacifictocrosstheAustraliancontinentonitswaytoPerth.StoppingattheminingtownofBrokenHill,Adelaide,andKalgoorlieyou’llcover4,352kmatanaveragespeedof85km/h.Atthatrate,you’llcatchthefullgloryofthesunsettingacrossthehorizononthelongeststretchofstraightrailtrackintheworld.TravelinspringforthebestofWesternAustralia’swildflowers.JinghuHighSpeedRailTheshowcaseofChina’smodernrailfleetwaslaunchedin2012andshaves20hoursoffthe1,303kmtripfromBeijingtoShanghai,deliveringpassengerstotheirdestinationinfivesuper-fasthours.Itiscurrentlythefastestlong-distancepassengertrainintheworld,reachingspeedsof300km/h.1.WhatdotheCanadianandtheBlueTrainhaveincommon?A.Theytravelinaleisurelypace. B.TheybothoperateinAfrica.C.Theycrossawholecontinent. D.Theyhavelargewindows.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheIndianPacific?A.Itcoversthelongestdistance. B.Itoffersbeautifulscenery.C.Itprovidesfull-sizedbaths. D.Itonlyservesinspring.3.Whichofthefollowingtrainhasthefastestspeed?A.TheCanadian B.TheBlueTrain C.TheIndianPacific D.JinghuHighSpeedRail【答案】1.A2.B3.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个铁路旅行的情况和特点。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“ThetripfromTorontotoVancouverissleepy83hourslong—butconsideringyou’llbewindingthroughsnow-cappedRockyMountainsandCanadianShieldforests,thepacesuitsanyonelookingforrelaxation,restandpeacefulviews.(从多伦多到温哥华的旅程长达83个小时，但考虑到你将蜿蜒穿过白雪皑皑的落基山脉和加拿大盾森林，这个速度适合任何想要放松、休息和欣赏宁静景色的人)”以及第三段“Morelikeahotelonrailsthanatrain,therearecarriageswherepassengerscanrestincomfortandhavefull-sizedbaths.(这里更像是轨道上的酒店，而不是火车上的酒店，乘客可以在车厢里舒适地休息，还可以享受全套浴室)”可知，Canadian和BlueTrain的共同之处都可以悠闲地旅行。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Atthatrate,you’llcatchthefullgloryofthesunsettingacrossthehorizononthelongeststretchofstraightrailtrackintheworld.TravelinspringforthebestofWesternAustralia’swildflowers.(以这样的速度，你将在世界上最长的直线轨道上欣赏到日落的壮丽景色。在春天旅行，欣赏西澳大利亚最好的野花)”可知，TheIndianPacific风景优美。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itiscurrentlythefastestlong-distancepassengertrainintheworld,reachingspeedsof300km/h.(这是目前世界上最快的长途客运列车，时速可达300公里)”可知，京沪高铁速度最快。故选D。（2024·福建三明·三模）4SummerJobstoGetPaidandTakeaBreakCampcounsellor(辅导员)Mostkidsheadofftocampduringthesummertime,andifyou’repastthetypicalageofbeingacamper,reliveyouryouthbybecomingasummercampcounsellor.Youcanenjoyparticipatinginactivities,planningevents,andpartakinginartsandcrafts.It’soneofthebestsummerjobsbecauseitalsobuildsyourleadershipskillswhileyouearnextramoney.Dependingonyourschedule,youcanworktofityourneeds.Theaveragestartingpayis$10.5anhour.LifeguardSpendingtimeonthewaterissomethingmanypeopledoduringthesummer.Andifyou'regoodatswimming,thenbeingalifeguardisagreatoptionforyou.Thehoursareflexible,andthepayisgreat,withtheaveragehourlyrateat$11.50.AmusementparkemployeeAnamusementparkisagreatplacetoworkduringthesummertime.Thereareavarietyofpositionsyoucangethiredfor—fromrideoperatortofoodservicetoboothtender—andtheaveragestartingpayis$10anhour.Thehoursareflexibleandnegotiabledependingonwhereyoudecidetowork:thelargerthepark,themoreemployeesthey’llhave,whichcouldmeanfewerhoursthey’llneedyoutocover.DogwalkerIfyou’relookingforarelaxingjob,beingadogwalkercouldbetherightchoiceforyou.Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.Gettingsomeexercisewithafurryfriendwillfeelmorelikearelaxingpastimethanajob.Andifyouwishtocontinuebeingadogwalker,it’sthejobthat’seasiesttokeepyear-round.4.Whatisthebenefitofbeingacampcounsellor?A.Itbringsbacktheglory.B.Itboostsartisticcreativity.C.Itiseasytodoandwell-paid.D.Itdevelopscompetenceinleadership.5.Forwhichjobcanthepaybenegotiated?A.Campcounselor. B.Lifeguard.C.Amusementparkemployee. D.Dogwalker.6.Whatdothefoursummerjobshaveincommon?A.Theyneedfull-timeemployees. B.Theworkinghoursareflexible.C.Thepayremainsunclear. D.Theyneedrelevantcertificates.【答案】4.D5.D6.B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要内容是关于夏季工作选择的建议，以及每种工作的特点和优势。4.细节理解题。根据Campcounsellor部分中的“It’soneofthebestsummerjobsbecauseitalsobuildsyourleadershipskillswhileyouearnextramoney.(这是最好的暑期工作之一，因为它还能在你赚外快的同时培养你的领导能力。)”可知，作为一名营地辅导员，在你赚额外的钱的同时，还能培养你的领导技能，这直接涉及到领导能力的发展。故选D。5.细节理解题。根据Dogwalker部分中的“Ifyou’relookingforarelaxingjob,beingadogwalkercouldbetherightchoiceforyou.Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.(如果你正在寻找一份轻松的工作，遛狗可能是你的正确选择。遛狗的时间和报酬很容易协商，因为你可以简单地和狗的主人讨论一下你的时间，他们什么时候需要你，你的报酬是多少。)”可知，这则广告提到了遛狗的时间和报酬可以商量，因为你可以和狗的主人简单地讨论一下你什么时候有空，他们什么时候需要你，你的报酬是多少。故选D。6.细节理解题。根据Campcounsellor部分中的“Dependingonyourschedule,youcanworktofityourneeds.(根据你的时间表，你可以根据自己的需要来工作。)”和Lifeguard部分中的“Thehoursareflexible(工作时间很灵活)”和Amusementparkemployee部分中的“Thehoursareflexibleandnegotiabledependingonwhereyoudecidetowork:thelargerthepark,themoreemployeesthey’llhave,whichcouldmeanfewerhoursthey’llneedyoutocover.(工作时间是灵活的，可以协商的，这取决于你决定在哪里工作：公园越大，员工越多，这可能意味着他们需要你工作的时间越少。)”和Dogwalker部分中的“Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.(遛狗的时间和报酬很容易协商，因为你可以简单地和狗的主人讨论一下你的时间，他们什么时候需要你，你的报酬是多少。)”可知，每个职位描述都提到了工作时间的灵活性。故选B。（2024·安徽黄山·二模）Herearefourstudentpodcasts(播客)thatofferaglimpseintothemindsofstudentsandwhattheysayaboutnewsconcerningclimateintheircommunities—andwhattheyhopetodoaboutit.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFireIna10-episodeseries,asixth-gradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.Fires:SetAblazeAtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifth-graderstalkaboutthefar-reachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(预防措施).FlowingThroughTimeInthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebecomeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrown-upstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.WashedAwayThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.7.Whoshowsinterestinfirefighters’stories?A.PeakAcademystudents. B.ChautauquaElementarystudents.C.MorganCountyHighSchoolstudents. D.GeorgetownSchoolofInnovationstudents.8.Whichpodcastshowsconcernforwaterconservation?A.WashedAway. B.Fires:SetAblaze.C.FlowingThroughTime. D.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFire.9.WhatdoFires:SetAblazeandWashedAwayhaveincommon?A.Theyconsultexperts’researchresults.B.Theyexplorethecausesofclimatechange.C.Theysharestudents’personalexperiences.D.Theydiscussprecautionsfornaturaldisasters.【答案】7.D8.C9.C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个学生播客，他们关注自己社区的气候新闻，并分享他们的观点和希望采取的行动。7.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ina10-episodeseries,asixth-gradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.”（在一个10集的系列节目中，加州乔治城乔治敦创新学院的一个六年级班级分享了2022年破坏性的蚊子大火的故事。这组8名学生向来自乔治城消防局的两名消防员询问在家乡救火和保护亲人是什么感觉）可知，GeorgetownSchoolofInnovation的学生对消防员的故事感兴趣。故选D。8.细节理解题。根据文章FlowingThroughTime下“InthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebecomeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrown-upstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.”（在这个来自PeakAcademy的播客中，八个中学生报道了他们如何应对蒙大拿州博兹曼的水资源短缺。他们追溯了他们不断发展的家乡的供水历史，这个供水源依赖于山上的雪水融化。随着这个水源在全球变暖的世界中变得不可靠，学生们转向成年人，询问他们可以做些什么来节约水资源。）可知，FlowingThroughTime的播客关注水资源保护。故选C。9.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifth-graderstalkaboutthefar-reachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(预防措施).”（在肖托夸小学，瓦松小学的五年级学生谈论野火和野火烟雾的深远而持久的影响，以及对他们生活的直接影响，如在烟雾弥漫的日子里等校车。学生们还采访了专家，分享了他们对野火预防措施的研究）和第五段“ThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.”（去年发生在肯塔基州东部的致命洪水永远地改变了高中生赖利·鲍曼、卡罗莱纳·约翰逊和亨特·诺布尔的生活。肯塔基州西自由市摩根县高中的三名同学分享了他们自己和家人在洪水中的亲身经历）可知，Fires:SetAblaze和WashedAway共同之处是他们分享学生的个人经历。故选C。预测下段题1+3篇【名师点津】一、解题小妙招考生在阅读全文基础上，“预测下段”类试题应注意以下两点策略：1.从最后一段入手。有时候，作者在最后一段提到一个话题，但是没有充分说明，因此需要在下一段就此问题深入分析、论述或讨论。所以考生学会依据最后一段甚至最后一句话进行推断也不失为明智选择。2.从第一段入手。实用类说明文往往采用“总分”或者“总分总”结构，即第一段总体概况说明，然后分段阐述。因此只要考生把握好第一段即主题段内容，顺藤摸瓜，即可推断下段内容应该是主题段中尚未提及的内容。二、零失误小妙招1.做题留痕，依据题干在原文圈划答题区间；2.划掉错项，去伪存真，快速作答提升效率；3.错题反思，专用笔记本记录错因举一反三。【高考真题】(2023全国乙卷第31题)WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood? A.Itissimpleandplain. B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes. D.Itdeservesahighreputation.29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.B【导语】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍英国人在英国烹饪节目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习惯。28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（当你想到英国食物时，你会想到什么？你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。但是，英国食物真的如此无趣吗？）可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉得英国食物平平无奇。故选A项。29.推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不是凭借广告宣传活动，英国人正在远离“一肉两菜”和速食餐，而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎电视节目帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可知，英国的烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D项。30.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。31.推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。【名校模拟】（2024·湖北·三模）Everyyear,some2.3millionwomenandmenaroundtheworlddiedfromwork-relatedaccidentsordiseases—that’smorethan8,000deathseverysingleday—andatleast402millionpeoplesufferfromnon-fataloccupationalinjuries.Thenumberisenormousintermsofpersonaltragedyandhardship.Anditcomeswithahugeeconomicloss.Itisestimatedthatoccupationalaccidentsanddiseasesleadtoa5.4percentlossofannualglobalGDP.AsafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentissoimportantthatinJune2022theILO(InternationalLaborOrganization)tookahistoricstepwhenitaddedasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmenttoitsFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork.Whydoesthismatter?Itmattersbecauseoccupationalsafetyandhealthcannownolongerbeviewedasanoptionalextra.AlloftheILO’s186memberstatesarenowrequiredtorespect,promoteandachieveasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentasafundamentalprincipleandrightatwork.Thisissignificantforseveralreasons.First,itrecognizesthateveryworkerhastherighttobeprotectedfromdangersandrisksthatcancauseinjury,illnessordeathintheworkplace.Bymakingoccupationalsafetyandhealth(OSH)afundamentalright,theILOissendingaclearmessagetogovernmentsandemployersofallcountriesthattheymusttakeresponsibilityforprovidingasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentforallworkers.Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.Conversely,whenworkersareinjuredorbecomeillduetoworkplacedangers,itcanhaveasignificantlynegativeimpactonproductivityandeconomicgrowth.Asafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentisnowafundamentalrightforeachandeveryworker.Governments,employers,tradeunionsaswellascompaniesmustworktogethertomakethisrightareality.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Todrawaconclusion. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Towarnusofthedangeratwork. D.Tocallfortheneedofsafetyenvironment.2.Whatdoesasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentmeantoeachside?A.ItmeansabasicrighttotheILO. B.Itmeanslifeanddeathtoemployers.C.Itmeansafundamentalobligationtoworkers. D.Itmeanseconomicgrowthtothegovernment.3.WhichwordistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinParagraph6?A.Consequently. B.Contrarily. C.Conventionally. D.Commonly.4.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphafterthelastone?A.Thejointeffortsbythefoursides. B.Thepotentialimprovementstomake.C.Thehistoryofworkers’sufferings. D.Themeasuresworkerstaketogetprotected.【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了世界劳工组织把安全和健康的工作环境纳入工人工作的基本权利。1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everyyear,some2.3millionwomenandmenaroundtheworlddiedfromwork-relatedaccidentsordiseases—that’smorethan8,000deathseverysingleday—andatleast402millionpeoplesufferfromnon-fataloccupationalinjuries.Thenumberisenormousintermsofpersonaltragedyandhardship.Anditcomeswithahugeeconomicloss.Itisestimatedthatoccupationalaccidentsanddiseasesleadtoa5.4percentlossofannualglobalGDP.(每年，全世界约有230万男女死于与工作有关的事故或疾病——即每天有8000多人死亡——至少有4.02亿人遭受非致命性职业伤害。就个人悲剧和苦难而言，这个数字是巨大的。随之而来的是巨大的经济损失。据估计，职业事故和疾病导致全球年度GDP损失5.4%)”表明每年与工作相关的事故造成巨大的人员伤亡，引出第二段“AsafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentissoimportantthatinJune2022theILO(InternationalLaborOrganization)tookahistoricstepwhenitaddedasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmenttoitsFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork.(安全和健康的工作环境非常重要，因此国际劳工组织于2022年6月在其《工作基本原则和权利》中增加了安全和健康的工作环境，迈出了历史性的一步)”关于国际劳工组织修改条例的主题。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.(当员工在工作场所感到安全和健康时，他们可能会更有生产力和效率。这对工人、雇主和经济都有好处)”可知，安全健康的工作环境对经济增长有利。故选D。

3.词义猜测题。划线词前文“Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.(当员工在工作场所感到安全和健康时，他们可能会更有生产力和效率。这对工人、雇主和经济都有好处)”描述安全健康的工作环境对于员工、企业和经济的好处；后文“whenworkersareinjuredorbecomeillduetoworkplacedangers,itcanhaveasignificantlynegativeimpactonproductivityandeconomicgrowth.(当工人因工作场所的危险而受伤或生病时，它会对生产力和经济增长产生显著的负面影响)”描述不安全的工作环境会产生负面影响，划线词引出下文相反的情况，意思为：相反，与Contrarily意思相近。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Asafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentisnowafundamentalrightforeachandeveryworker.Governments,employers,tradeunionsaswellascompaniesmustworktogethertomakethisrightareality.(安全和健康的工作环境现在是每个工人的一项基本权利。政府、雇主、工会和企业必须共同努力，使这一权利成为现实)”可知，此处讲到四方要通力合作让这项权利变成现实，所以接下来可能会谈及四方的合作措施。故选A。（2024·河北·模拟预测）Haveyouheardyourselfsay“itwasnothingreally”whensomeonecongratulatesyouonajobwelldone?Orwhenyouareaskedtomakealistofwhatyouhaveachieved,youdrawablank?Maybeyouhavesuccessamnesia.Failingtoacknowledgeyourhardworkisoftenasignof“successamnesia”.Peoplewithsuccessamnesiaareoftensuccessfulyettheyfinditdifficulttoadmitachievements.Theyarepeoplewhootherswoulddescribeassuccessfulandyettheyfinditdifficulttoacknowledgetheirresults.Successamnesiarobsthemofthesatisfyingsensethatcanhelpthemachieveagoal.And,perhapsmoreimportantly,itrobsthemofconfidence.Confidencedoesnotguaranteesuccess,butitdoesincreasesthechancesofsuccess.Thinkoftheclassicchildren’sstory,TheLittleEngineThatCould.TheLittleBlueEnginecomestotherescueofabroken-downtrain,workinghardtopullthestranded(搁浅的)goodsupandoveramountain.Asshemovesupwards,shecontinuouslysays“IthinkIcan”,andfinallyshemakesittothemountaintopandbeginsdownwards.Imagineyouwillthrowa50thbirthdaycelebrationforyourpartner.Ifyouapproachthetaskwith“IthinkIcan”inyourmind,thenyou’relikelytotackleitwithenergy.Youmightnothavedoneanythingsimilarbefore,butyoutrustyourselftoworkitout.Youholdmeetingstogatherideasandworkoutaplan.Approachingthetaskwithyourheadfullof“Ican’tdothis”,ontheotherhand,wouldlikelyresultinmorehesitantsteps.It’sdifficulttogettheworkfinishedwhenyouholdthebeliefthatthetaskisbeyondyou.Confidencefuelssuccessandsuccessfuelsconfidence.Ourachievementsprovideuswithevidenceofwhatwe’recapableof,increasingourself-beliefandfuelingourconfidencetodomore.Successamnesiareducesconfidence.Toboostone’sconfidence,itisnecessarytotacklesuccessamnesia.5.Whichstudentmayhave“successamnesia”?A.Onewillingtohelpothers. B.Onerefusingtoadmithismistake.C.Onethinkinglittleofhisachievements. D.Onespeakinghighlyofhisowncomposition.6.WhyisthestoryTheLittleEngineThatCouldmentionedinparagraph3?A.Toexplainthereasonbehindsuccessamnesia.B.TopraisetheperseveranceofTheLittleBlueEngine.C.Togiveanexamplethatconfidencecanguaranteesuccess.D.Toprovethatoneismorelikelytosucceedwithconfidence.7.HowisParagraph4developed?A.Bycitingarealcase. B.Bypresentingsupportingfacts.C.Byanalyzingcontributingfactors. D.Byshowingcomparisonandcontrast.8.Whatwillbepresentedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystodealwithsuccessamnesia,B.Differentopinionsonsuccessamnesia.C.Scientificresearchintosuccessamnesia.D.Possibleconsequencesofsuccessamnesia【答案】5.C6.D7.D8.A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“成功失忆症”这一现象进行了讨论，阐述了成功失忆症对个人自信心和成功机会的影响，并提出了解决这一问题的方法。5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Peoplewithsuccessamnesiaareoftensuccessfulyettheyfinditdifficulttoadmitachievements.(患有成功失忆症的人往往很成功，但他们很难承认自己的成就。)”以及第三段“Successamnesiarobsthemofthesatisfyingsensethatcanhelpthemachieveagoal.(成功失忆症剥夺了他们取得目标时那种令人满意的感觉。)”可以推断出，那些不太在意或难以承认自己成就的人可能患有成功失忆症。选项C“Onethinkinglittleofhisachievements.(一个对自己的成就不太在意的人)”最符合这个描述。故选C。6.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Confidencedoesno