高考英语语法复习精讲六定语从句

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载高考语法定语从句精讲一个句子充当了定语，那么这个句子就叫定语从句。可以充当定语的1adj.abeautifulgirl2n.Anappletree3介词短语agirlinred.4非谓语doing表主动，表进行done表被动，表完成todo表目的，表将来非谓语作前置定语afallingleaf一片正在飘落的叶子Afallenleaf一片已经飘落的叶子非谓语作后置定语agirlspeakingfrench.AfilmcalledTatanicThemeetingtobeheldin3hoursisveryimportant.定语从句：heisamanwhocomesfromEngland.先行词关系词从句关系词：关系代词:whichthatwhowhomaswhose关系副词:whenwherewhy关系代词指代定语从句成分可否省略who人主,宾关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略whom人宾whose人，物（的）定+名词which物主，宾that人，物主，宾as人，物主，宾关系副词指代定语从句成分可否省略when时间介词+which做时间状语不可省略where地点介词+which做地点状语why原因for+which做原因状语填写关系词的三个步骤1先确定定语从句部分2找先行词3把先行词带入定语从句中，看其在定语从句中充当什么成分，然后在根据具体情况填入关系词。详解一、当先行词是人时且先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时,whom/that/不填/who且先行词在定语从句中作定语时，用whoseEgsheisagirl_________speaksfrench.Igiveanappletoher________everyonelikesverymuch.Wealllikethegirl_______frenchspeaksverywell.二当先行词是物时且先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用which/that且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，用which/that/不填且先行词在定语从句中作定语时，用whose.Eg.Ican’tfindmypen_________ismyfavorite.Ilikethecake_________mymothermadethismorning.Iliketheroom_______windowsfacesouth.三关系副词when/where/why=介词+which（在定语从句中作状语）（at10o’clock,intheroom,forthisreason,inthisway）时间Iwon’tforgetthedays_______westudiedtogether.Iwon’tforgettheday_______wespenttogether.地点Ivisitedthefactory________myfatherworkedtenyearsago.Myfatherworksinafactory_______ivisitedlastweek.原因Idon’tacceptthereason_______hegiveme.Thisisthereason_______heislateforschool.Thisisthereason_______Idon’taccept.Thisisthereason_______isunreasonable.(不合理的)四介词+关系词先行词是人，介词+whom,先行词是物，介词+which附:介词后面不能用that逗号后面不能用that介词后面不能用whoEg物Iboughtthreebooks,twoof_____arestorybooksIboughtthreebooks,andtwoof_____arestorybooks.AwhichBthemCthatD不填人Herecomesfivegirls,twoof______aremyfriendsHerecomesfivegirls,andtwoof_____aremyfriendsinAwhomBWhoCthemDwhich五先行词是物时，只能用that的情况（不能用which）1当先行词是all,little,much,more,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时EgTomtoldhismotherall_____hadhappened.2当先行词本身是序数词，形容词最高级或者先行词等这些词修饰时Thisisthebestbook_____Ihaveeverread3当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,only,all,any,no修饰时Thisistheonlybook____icanfindIwanttoreadallthebooks____werewrittenbymary.4当先行词既是人又是物时Ioftenmeettomandhisdog_____lookfriendlytoeachother.5当主句是以which/Who开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复，必须用thatWhichisthehotel____youlikebest?六定语从句中几个特殊的词Inwhich1way方式，方法InwhichIdon’tliketheway___isviolent.thatIdon’tliketheway_____hetellsmethatIdon’tliketheway______hespeakstome.不填不填2当先行词是表示抽象的模糊性的地点时，关系词一般情况下用where/介词+which,特殊情况下具体问题具体分析。如point,stage,period,situation,activity,scene,case,spot,atmosphere.EgTomisattheturningpoint______hedoesn’tknowhowtochoosehislifeway.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_______isuncomfortableforme.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_____Ifeeluncomfortable.七限制性定语从句：不带逗号非限制性定语从句：带逗号，不能用that，不能有who代替whom,关系词不能省八as和which1、在限制性定语从句中as指代代词、名词，常用于一些固定的结构thesame...as,such....as,asmany/much....as.Which指代名词，代词，整个句子.2、在非限制性定语从句中as指代整个句子；有正如......的意思，引导定语从句可以在主句之前、句中，句后。Which指代名词，代词，整个句子，没有正如......的意思，引导的定语从句只能在主句后。Tomgavemeaninterestingstorybook,______ismyfavorite.____istheoftencase,Maryislateforschool._____isknownt