01江苏南京卷-2023年中考英语摸底卷

【名师研究】2023年中考英语摸底卷01江苏南京卷（满分90分，考试时间90分钟）选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．Ourmonitorhasjustgonetothegym,butIdon’tknow________hewilleback.A．howfast B．howfar C．howlong D．howsoon【答案】D【解析】句意：我们班长刚去体育馆了，但我不知道他多久会回来。考查疑问短语。howfast多快，主要对速度提问；howfar多远，主要用于对距离的提问；howlong多长时间，用于对一段时间提问；howsoon多久之后，一般用于将来时态。根据题干“hewilleback.”可知句子时态是一般将来时，故选D。2．Accordingtothenewtrafficrules,people________wearahelmetwhenridinganebike.A．might B．may C．can D．must【答案】D【解析】句意：根据新的交通规则，人们骑电动车时必须戴头盔。考查情态动词。might可能；may可能；can能够；must必须；根据“Accordingtothenewtrafficrules”及语境可知，此处表达的是必须，指人们必须戴头盔，故选D。3．Taichi,partofChineseculture,isanexercisewhichhelpspeopleimprove________inhealth.A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．myself【答案】A【解析】句意：太极拳是中国文化的一部分，是一种帮助人们改善健康的运动。考查代词辨析。themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己；itself它自己；myself我自己。根据“whichhelpspeopleimprove...inhealth”可推出是帮助人们改善他们自己的健康，用themselves。故选A。4．—DoyouknowLiZiqi?—Ofcourse.Sheisabeautifulgirl________hasmademanyvideostoshowatraditionalChinesewayoflife.A．what B．/ C．which D．who【答案】D【解析】句意：——你认识李子柒吗？——当然。她是一个美丽的女孩，她制作了许多视频来展示中国传统的生活方式。考查定语从句关系词。根据题意是缺少定语从句关系词，what不能引导定语从句；which定语从句关系词，先行词指物，who定语从句关系词，先行词指人，先行词是abeautifulgirl可知，关系词用who，在定语从句中作主语，故选D。5．Anewfactory________todealwithwaterpollutionlastmonth.A．wasbuilt B．willbebuilt C．hasbeenbuilt D．hasbuilt【答案】A【解析】句意：上个月建了一个新工厂来处理水污染。考查动词时态和语态。主语Anewfactory与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，表示“被建立”，用被动语态，且由“lastmonth”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态（was/weredone）。故选A。6．TomandIbelongtoateam.Ifhedoesn’tagreeontheplan,________.A．neitherdoI B．neitherIwill C．nordoI D．neitherwillI【答案】D【解析】句意：汤姆和我是一个队的。如果他不同意这个计划，我也不同意。考查倒装句。根据“Ifhedoesn’tagreeontheplan”可知，主句应该是说“我也不同意”；结合“if主将从现原则”，主句时态是一般将来时；再者根据倒装句“某人也不……：neither助动词sb.”可知，neitherwillI符合句意。故选D。7．—Goodnews!AnothernewmemberintheBeidoufamilywassentintospace.—Scientiststriedtheirbesttopayattentiontoeverydetail.Tothem,________.A．itneverrainsbutitpours B．afriendinneedisafriendindeedC．amissisasgoodasamile D．thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside【答案】C【解析】句意：——好消息！北斗大家庭的另一个新成员被送入太空。——科学家们尽力注意每一个细节。对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。考查常识习语。itneverrainsbutitpours不鸣则已，一鸣惊人；afriendinneedisafriendindeed患难见真情；amissisasgoodasamile失之毫厘，谬以千里；thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside这山望着那山高。根据“Scientiststriedtheirbesttopayattentiontoeverydetail”可知，科学家们尽力注意每一个细节。所以对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。故选C。8．ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit________onscreen.A．put B．isput C．wasput D．willbeput【答案】C【解析】句意：电影《长津湖之水门桥》自从上映以来就获得了高度的好评。考查被动语态。根据“ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit...onscreen”可知since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时；再分析主语和动词可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。9．________badweather!Thestrongesttornado(龙卷风)inhistoryhitsixstatesinAmericalastmonth.A．Whata B．What C．How D．Howa【答案】B【解析】句意：多么糟糕的天气！上个月，历史上最强的龙卷风袭击了美国六个州。考查感叹句。英语感叹句由how和what引导，有四种结构：(1)How+形容词（+主语+谓语）！(2)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！（3）What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！（4）What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！由句中“weather”是不可数名词，可知使用“What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！”结构，故选B。10．—Couldyoutellme_______?—YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A．howmuchthepopulationofIndiais B．whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC．ifthelastbushadleft D．whowrotethiswonderfulpoem【答案】D【解析】句意：——你能告诉我谁写了这首精彩的诗歌吗？——你可以上网搜索一下。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，排除B；对population提问，应用what，排除A；结合句中“YoucansearchforitontheInternet.”可知，通过搜索可以得到答案，选项D符合语境。故选D。11．WeareshockedbythecrashofflightMU5735.Our________andprayersarewiththefamiliesandlovedonesofthepassengersandcrewontheflight.A．thoughts B．themes C．therapies D．things【答案】A【解析】句意：我们对MU5735航班的坠毁感到震惊。我们向机上乘客和机组人员的家人和亲人致以思念和祈祷。考查名词辨析。thoughts思念，关心；themes主题；therapies治疗；things东西。根据“withthefamiliesandlovedonesofthepassengersandcrewontheflight.”可知，此处是指思念和祈祷。故选A。12．—WillyoupleastellRobintoeearlytohelpusgetreadyfortheparty?—Allright.I’lltellhimatonce________.A．ifIseehim B．ifI’llseehim C．until1seehim D．untilI’llseehim【答案】A【解析】句意：——请你告诉Robin早点来帮我们准备聚会好吗？——好的，如果我看见他，我立刻告诉他。考查状语从句。根据“I’lltellhimatonce”可知此处表条件，如果看到他，就立刻告诉他，用if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选A。13．TheastronautsinShenzhou13hadrealtime_________withthegroundclassroomsinfivecitiestospreadtheknowledgeofspacetoyoungpeople.A．conclusion B．munication C．contribution D．petition【答案】B【解析】句意：神舟十三号的宇航员与五个城市的地面教室进行了实时通信，向年轻人传播太空知识。考查名词辨析。conclusion推断；munication通信；contribution贡献；petition竞争。根据“TheastronautsinShenzhou13hadrealtime…withthegroundclassroomsinfivecitiestospreadtheknowledgeofspacetoyoungpeople.”可知，宇航员与地面的教室进行了通信，传播了太空知识，故选B。14．Shedreamsofgoingto________university,suchasPekingUniversity.A．an B．the C．a D．/【答案】C【解析】句意：她梦想上一所大学，比如北京大学。考查冠词。根据“suchasPekingUniversity”可知想要上非特指的一所大学，university以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故选C。15．ThereisaChinesesayingthatgoes,“Thewholeyear’swork________agoodstartinspring.”A．carrieson B．standsfor C．makesup D．dependson【答案】D【解析】句意：有一句中国谚语，“一年之计在于春”。考查动词短语。carryon继续；standfor代表；makeup弥补；dependon依据。根据“Thewholeyear’swork...agoodstartinspring.”可知一整年的工作取决于春天的好开始。故选D。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。MaLiisadessertshopownerinYinchuan,Ningxia.Onacoolmorning,shereceivedanonline____16____butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman（外卖送餐员）.Whenthedeliverymancame,Mawasalittle____17____.“Itistoocoldoutsideandmymotorbikedidn’twork,”explainedthedeliveryman.Aftersheheardhiswords,herangerwas____18____.Sheinvitedhimtositforawhileandofferedhimacupofhotwater.Atthatmoment,Manoticedthedeliveryman’sfaceandhandsweredarkpurple____19____hewasworkingoutsidefortoolong.Shefeltsorryforhim.Whiletheyweretalking,Maknewthatthedeliverymanwantedtobuyherdaughtera____20____,buthethoughtitwasalittleexpensive.Afterthedeliverymanleft,Ma____21____whathappenedjustnowonherWeChatMoments（微信朋友圈）withtwophotosofthedeliveryman.Heartwarmingments（评论）pouredin,suchas“lifeisnoteasybut____22____ofusgiveup!”,“Thumbsup（点赞）forhardworkingpeople”and“Showingunderstandingtodeliverymen.”Some____23____offeredmoneyforacake.Thenextday,Magotintouchwiththedeliverymanandinvitedhimtohershop.Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.Thedeliverymanwas____24____.Mareceivedmorethan600yuanindonations（捐献）____25____herfriendsandcustomers.Shesaidshewouldusethemoneytooffersomehelptopeopleinneed.16．A．gift B．order C．ticket D．invitation17．A．excited B．sad C．happy D．angry18．A．gone B．stopped C．lost D．broken19．A．because B．so C．when D．though20．A．schoolbag B．birthdaycake C．newcoat D．puter21．A．found B．remembered C．shared D．heard22．A．all B．each C．most D．none23．A．even B．never C．hardly D．ever24．A．helpful B．careful C．thankful D．wonderful25．A．to B．from C．with D．for【短文大意】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们展示了外卖送餐员的努力和对女儿的爱以及店主和顾客们的爱。【答案解析】16．句意：在一个凉爽的早晨，她收到了一份网上订单，但她花了一个小时等外卖送餐员。gift礼物；order订单；ticket票；invitation邀请。根据“Onacoolmorning,shereceivedanonline…butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman.”可知，应该是网上订单，故选B。17．句意：当外卖送餐员来的时候，马有点生气。excited激动的；sad悲伤的；happy开心的；angry生气的。根据“butittookanhourforhertowaitforthedeliveryman”可知，外卖送餐员耗时很久才来，所以马很生气，故选D。18．句意：听了他的话，她的怒气消失了。gone去；stopped停止；lost丢失；broken打破。根据“Sheinvitedhimtositforawhileandofferedhimacupofhotwater.”可知，马听了外卖送餐员说的话，不生气了，故选A。19．句意：这时，马注意到外卖送餐员的脸和手都是深紫色的，因为他在外面工作太久了。because因为；so所以；when当……时；though虽然。“hewasworkingoutsidefortoolong”是“Manoticedthedeliveryman’sfaceandhandsweredarkpurple”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。20．句意：在他们谈话的时候，马知道外卖送餐员想给她的女儿买一个生日蛋糕，但是他觉得有点贵。schoolbag书包；birthdaycake生日蛋糕；newcoat新外套；puter电脑。根据“Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.”可知，是生日蛋糕，故选B。21．句意：外卖送餐员离开后，马在微信朋友圈分享了外卖送餐员的两张照片。found发现；remembered记得；shared分享；heard听见。分析“Ma…whathappenedjustnowonherWeChatMoments（微信朋友圈）withtwophotosofthedeliveryman”可知，此处是share…with…短语，意为“与……分享……”，故选C。22．句意：感人的评论如潮水般涌来，比如生活并不容易，但我们没有人会放弃！all所有的；each每个；most大多数；none没有。由but可知，前后文之间是转折关系，表示“生活不容易，但是没有人放弃”，故选D。23．句意：有些人甚至出钱买蛋糕。even甚至；never从不；hardly几乎不；ever曾经。根据上文内容和“Some…offeredmoneyforacake.”可知，此处强调程度，“甚至”符合语境，故选A。24．句意：外卖送餐员很感激。helpful乐于助人的；careful仔细的；thankful感谢的；wonderful极好的。根据“Whentheymet,Maexpressedpeople’skindnesstohimandgavehimacakeforhisdaughter’sbirthday.”可知，外卖送餐员表达对他人善意的感激，故选C。25．句意：马收到了朋友和顾客的600多元捐款。to到；from从；with和；for为了。分析“Mareceivedmorethan600yuanindonations（捐献）…herfriendsandcustomers.”可知，此处强调捐款的出处，故选B。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYoumusthavemanyhobbies,reading,paintingandsoon.Oneday,youhappentoseeaposter,“WorldBookDay.”Interested,youstopandreadtheposter.HelloandweletoWorldBookDayWorldBookDayisheretochangelivesthroughaloveofbooksandsharedreading,andbringbookstothechildrenwhoneedthemmost.WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.•ShareAStoryLiveourexcitingdigitaleventsprogrammebeamingauthors（作家）straightintoyourschool.•Raisingmoney,raisingreadersourfundraisingideastohelpuschangelivesthroughreading.•WorldBookDayBookClubanewonlinereadingmunity.•ShareAStoryCornerstoriestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.HappyWorldBookDay！Foruptodateinformation,visitourwebsiteworldbookday.!WorldBookDayisaspecialdayforpeopleto________.A．celebratethejoyofreading B．changelivesbyraisingmoneyC．meetfamousauthorsathome D．enjoywritinginlocalmunities27．Accordingtotheposter,ifyouwanttoreadstorieswithyourparents,youcanjoin________.A．ShareAStoryLive B．ShareAStoryCornerC．WorldBookDayBookClub D．Raisingmoney,raisingreaders28．Thedesigneruseswordsandpicturesintheposterto________.A．catchreaders’attention B．encouragefamiliestowritebooksC．helpreadersformreadinghabits D．remenddifferenttypesofbooks【短文大意】本文是世界读书日的海报，向我们介绍世界读书日的相关活动。【答案解析】26．细节理解题。根据“WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.”可知，世界读书日是每个人庆祝阅读乐趣的绝佳机会。故选A。27．细节理解题。根据“ShareAStoryCornerstoriestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.”可知，分享故事角——鼓励家庭一起阅读的故事。故选B。28．推理判断题。本文是世界读书日的海报，作者使用文字和图片是为了吸引读者的注意力。故选A。BIfyouhaveproblemsdescribingpeople,don’tworry!We’llusepopularfilmcharacters(角色)tohelpyoulearnsomeusefulwords.NaiveMeaning:Ifsomeoneisnaive,theyhavelittleexperienceandbelievegoodthingswillalwayshappen.Example:InthefilmEI,Buddyisanaivepersonwhogrowsupwithelves(精灵).Oneday,hegoestoNewYorkCitybutfindsthingsverydifferentthere.Director:DavidBerenbaumLoyalMeaning:Ifyou’reloyal,youalwaysgivesupporttoapersonoragroupandhelpthemandacthonestly.Example:InthefilmToyStory,Woodyisloyaltohisfriendsandowner,Andy.HestayswithAndy,evenwhenAndygrowsupandgoestocollege.Director:JohnLasseterDemandingMeaning:Ifsomeoneisdemanding,theyarenoteasilysatisfiedorpleased.Example:InthefilmTheDevilWearsPrada,Mirandaisverydemanding.Shealwaysworksveryhard,andexpectsotherstodothesame.Director:DavidFrankelTalentedMeaning:Ifyou’retalented,youhaveanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell.Example:InthefilmMcFarland,USA,coachWhitenoticessometalentedrunnersinhisPEclass.Heformsacrosscountrygroupthatracesagainstotherschools.Director:NikiCaroWhichwordisusedtodescribeapersonwithanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell?A．Naive. B．Loyal. C．Demanding. D．Talented.30．Whoalwaysgivessupporttofriendsaccordingtothefilms?A．Buddy. B．Woody. C．DavidFrankel. D．NikiCaro.31．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Sport. B．Travel. C．Environment. D．Language.【短文大意】本文用流行的电影角色，来帮助读者学习一些有用的单词。【答案解析】29．细节理解题。根据“TalentedMeaning:Ifyou’retalented,youhaveanaturalabilitytodosomethingwell.”可知，Talented“有天赋的”被用来描述一个有天生能力做好某事的人。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据“Ifyou’reloyal,youalwaysgivesupporttoapersonoragroupandhelpthemandacthonestly.”和“InthefilmToyStory,Woodyisloyaltohisfriendsandowner,Andy.”可知，Woody总是支持朋友。故选B。31．推理判断题。本文用流行的电影角色，来帮助读者学习一些有用的单词，所以推测可能在杂志的语言部分看到。故选D。CInDecember2020,“theSuperApple”appearedatsupermarketsacrossChina,sweeterandjuicierthanusualones,withoutpesticideresidue(农药残留).Beforereachingthemarket,theproductshadbeentestedover500times.Blockchain(区块链)technologyinrecordingfarmers’actionsiswidelyusedtoavoidnonstandardpesticideuse.Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(稳定性)

inthequality.“Thefutureofagricultureliesinthemoderntechnology.”HuangJikun,ProfessoroftheChinaCentreforAgriculturalPolicyatPekingUniversity,toldBeijingReview.AtChina’sCentralRuralWorkConferencein2020,PresidentXistressedthateffortsmustbemadetoincreasethequalityofagriculture.Xialsopointedouttheimportanceofspeedinguptechnologies.China’sagriculturehasenteredastageofhighqualitydevelopment,asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts.Soagricultureshouldturntotechnology.Threeyearsago,YuanLongpingledaprogramofplantingriceinsaline－alkali(盐碱)soilinareas,includingXinjiangandHeilongjiang.Throughhybridtechnology,Yuan’steamhavebeenabletoraiseimprovedriceforsalineandalkalinesoils.IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry.InLushui,YunnanProvince,onecanrarelyseefarmersworkingonthefarm.Allmontasksarepletedautomatically(自动化地).Data(数据)

isgatheredbythesystemtoimprovefutureproduction.“Moreinformationandtechnologycentreswillbebuiltsothatbasicdataandbigdatacanbeimproved,andtechnologieslike5GandtheBeiDouSatelliteNavigationSystemcanbeusedinthefield.”saidHanFujun,DeputyChiefEngineeroftheInformationCenterofMARA．Since2010,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenorganizingtechnologyexchanges,training,fieldtripsandotheractivitiesfortheagriculturaltechnologytalentstobetterunderstandthesituationsofeacharea.BecauseoftheCOVID19,paniesbegintorethinkbetteragriculturalmodels,

asmorepeoplewanttoeathealthierfoods.Scienceandtechnologywillplayamoreimportantroleinthefuture.32．Whichofthefollowingmakes”theSuperApple”sweeterandjuicier?A．Theapplestorage. B．Themoderntechnology.C．Theproducttest. D．Therecordoffarmers’actions.33．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．traditionalChineseagricultureisoutofdatenowB．farmerswillpaylessattentiontotechnologiesC．China’sagricultureplaysaleadroleintheworldD．peoplenowneedmorequalityagriculturalproducts34．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Yuan’sprogramisahugecontributiontoChina.B．FarmersarebusycollectingthedatainLushui.C．5GandBeiDousystemarerarelyusedinthecentres.D．Talentsorganizeactivitiestounderstandeacharea.35．Thepassagemainlywantstotellus________.A．YuanLongpingisagreatChinesescientistinfarmingB．China’sagriculturedevelopsfasttomeetpeople’sneedC．scienceandtechnologyimprovesChina’sagricultureD．moreagriculturalmodelswillappearafterCOVID19【短文大意】本文主要讲述了为了满足人民群众对高标准产品的需求，需要把农业转向技术，文中列举了袁隆平团队在新疆和黑龙江等盐碱地种植水稻以及云南农民自动化完成所有的工作，更加验证了科学技术在未来将发挥更重要的作用。【答案解析】32．细节理解题。根据“Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(稳定性)inthequality”可知，是科技让这种苹果更甜，汁更多，故选B。33．细节理解题。根据“asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts”可知，人们现在需要更多的优质农产品，故选D。34．推理判断题。根据“IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry”可知，袁隆平带领团队成功在盐碱地种植水稻是对国家的一个巨大贡献，A选项表述正确，故选A。35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在科学和科技的帮助下，农业进入了高质量发展阶段，故选C。DIt’sbeenoverayearsinceCOVID19firstappearedandtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,scientistshaverealizedthedevelopmentofvaccines(疫苗)isasolutiontothepandemic.Aglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossiblewouldbeneeded,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批准)byUKhealthdepartment.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesepanieslikeSinopharmandSinovachavedevelopedvaccinesthatcanbekeptatnormaltemperatures.Now,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(剂量)hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群体免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.Theworldhasetounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Therefore,sharingvaccineshasbeeakeyfactorofstayingsafeandhealthyworldwide.Unfortunately,noteveryonecangetthevaccineyet.Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem.Thosewhohaveahistoryofvaccineallergies(过敏)shouldn’tgetit,either.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。36．Thevaccinedevelopedby________cannotbestoredatnormaltemperatures.A．UKhealthdepartment B．SinopharmC．Sinovac D．Pfizer37．Accordingtothepassage,________millionvaccinedoseshadbeengivensofarinChina.A．50 B．247 C．285 D．58238．Inparagraph4,theunderlinedword‘‘rumors”probablymeans________.A．谎言 B．谣言 C．建议 D．骗局39．Thepurposeforvaccinatingasmanypeopleaspossibleisto________.A．buildmassimmunity B．sharethevaccinesC．developvaccinesquickly D．geteveryonevaccinated40．Inparagraph5,theword“they”,intheunderlinedsentencerefersto________.A．children B．panies C．vaccines D．experts【短文大意】本文主要介绍为了解决新冠肺炎病毒的传播，人们陆续意识到接种疫苗的重要性，本文主要以数据来说明接种疫苗的普遍性，以及不能接种疫苗的人群有哪些。【答案解析】36．细节理解题。根据“OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批准)byUKhealthdepartment”可知，由辉瑞疫苗研制的疫苗不能在正常温度中储存，故选D。37．细节理解题。根据“InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(剂量)hadbeengivensofar”可知，到目前为止，中国共接种了2.85亿剂疫苗，故选C。38．词义猜测题。根据“Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群体免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，尽管还有很多关于疫苗不安全的谣言，但是大部分人们已经意识到接种疫苗的重要性，所以rumors表示“谣言”，故选B。39．细节理解题。根据“mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群体免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，让尽可能多的人接种疫苗的目的是建立群体免疫，故选A。40．词义猜测题。根据“Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem”可知，此处指这些疫苗还没有在16岁以下孩子身上测试过，所以they指代“疫苗”，故选C。非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。41．Mymotherwasangrywithmeforbeinghomelate,butshewenteven________(发疯)atmewhenshewastoldIfailedtheexam.【答案】crazier【解析】句意：我妈妈因为我回家晚了而生我的气，但当她听说我考试不及格时，她对我更发火了。根据空前的went及空后at可知，此处是短语gocrazyatsb“对某人发火”，空前even修饰比较级，所以此处用crazier。故填crazier。42．WiththehelpofTianwen,manystarsmaysoonbe________(发现)byscientists.【答案】discovered【解析】句意：在“天问”的帮助下，科学家们可能很快就会发现许多星星。discover“发现”，主语“manystars”与动词“discover”之间是被动关系，故此处应填过去分词，故填discovered。43．China’s_______(人口)won’tgrowfastandthefamiliesaregettingsmaller.【答案】population【解析】句意：中国的人口不会快速增长，家庭数量也在减少。根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是名词population“人口”，集合名词。故填population。44．Everyotherweeksingershavetolearnadifferentsongandactit_________(在现场直播)onTVonSaturdaynight.【答案】live【解析】句意：每隔一周，歌手们必须学会一首不同的歌，并且在周日晚上在电视上现场直播表演它。根据结构可知，应填入副词。live“在现场直播”，副词，符合结构及句意。故填live。45．I________(后悔)havingboughtarobotlikethis.SoIwantedtogetmymoneyback.【答案】regretted【解析】句意：我后悔买了这样的机器人。所以我想拿回我的钱。regret“后悔”，动词；根据“wanted”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填regretted。B)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。46．ZhangRuoxu,aTangDynastypoet,iswidely_______forhispoemAMoonlitNightontheSpringRiver.(know)【答案】known【解析】句意：唐代诗人张若虚以《春江花月夜》闻名于世。beknownfor以……而闻名，用形容词作表语，故填known。47．Thosewhosaidlookingafterchildrenwasaneasywaytomakemoneyclearly________(notmeet)suchaterribleboy,shethinks.【答案】haven’tmet【解析】句意：她认为，那些说照看孩子很容易赚钱的人显然没有遇到过这么糟糕的男孩。分析“Thosewhosaidlookingafterchildrenwasaneasywaytomakemoneyclearly...suchaterribleboy”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是复数，故填haven’tmet。48．Formostofus,learningnottodothethingswe’reusedto________(require)greateffort.【答案】requires【解析】句意：对于我们大多数人来说，学习不做我们习惯做的事情需要很大的努力。本句中“we’reusedto”是定语从句，修饰先行词“things”，因此这里“require”是谓语动词；本句是动名词短语“learningnottodothethings”作主语，因此谓语用单数，描述客观事实为一般现在时，因此动词用三单。故填requires。49．Showyournamestotheteachers,andthey_________(lead)youtothenewclass.【答案】willlead【解析】句意：向老师们展示你们的名字，他们会带你们去新的班级。此句是祈使句+and+简单句的结构，通常简单句用一般将来时willdo的结构，故填willlead。50．Herbrotherhadagood________(choose)abouthisworkinhisfuture.【答案】choice【解析】句意：她哥哥对他将来的工作有很好的选择。a修饰名词的单数形式，choose对应的名词是choice“选择”，故填choice。C)请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。attendinterestclassroomliveoneOntheafternoonofDecember9,2021,theShenzhouXIIItaikonauts(中国宇航员)ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfugavethe___51___sciencelessoninChina’sTiangongspacestation.Theclasslastedabout45minutes.Atotalof1,420students___52___it.Theywerefromfive___53___inBeiing,Nanning,Wenchuan,HongKongandMacao.Atthebeginningoftheclass,Wangshowedthestudentsaroundtheir___54___andworkingplaces,includingtheirbedrooms,kitchen,fitnessroomandlab.Inthekitchen,thestudentscouldseeamicrowave(微波),awatercoolerandaminifridge.Afterthetour,thethreetaikonautsdidseveral___55___scientificexperiments.Forexample,theydidanexperimentwithawaterballinaweightless(失重的)environment.YeandWangalsoexplainedwhytaikonautscannotwalkinspaceliketheydoonthegroundofher.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了神舟十三号的三位宇航员在天宫空间站进行太空授课的情况。【答案解析】51．句意：2021年12月9日下午，神舟十三号航天员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富在中国天宫空间站进行了第一节科学课。根据“gavethe...sciencelessoninChina’s”以及首字母可知，是上了第一节科学课，此处用序数词first“第一”。故填first。52．句意：共有1420名学生参加。根据“Atotalof1,420students...it”以及所给词可知是1420名学生参加了这节课，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式attended“参加”。故填attended。53．句意：他们来自北宁、南宁、汶川、香港和澳门的五个教室。根据“Atotalof1,420students...it.Theywerefromfive...”以及所给词可知这些学生来自5个教室，数词five后加名词复数classrooms“教室”。故填classrooms。54．句意：开课时，王老师带学生参观了他们的生活和工作场所。根据“includingtheirbedrooms,kitchen”以及所给词可知是生活场所，livingplace“生活场所”。故填living。55．句意：参观结束后，三位航天员做了几个有趣的科学实验。根据“several...scientificexperiments”以及所给词可知是有趣的科学实验，修饰名词用形容词interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在横线上。Examsareafactofschoollifeformostpeople.Almosteveryoneworriesaboutthemandfeelsstressed,althoughtheyhavepreparedwell.Alittlestresscausedbytheexamsisusefulasitcansharpenyourmindandmotivate（激发）youtodowell.Buttoomuchstresscanstopyouworkingtothebestofyourabilities,soit’simportantnottoletitgetoutofcontrol.Herearesomeideastohelpyou.Thekeystobeingpreparedforexamsandavoidingunnecessaryexamstressareknowingwhatyouneedtoknow,planningandpreparingforyourrevision（复习）,andgivingyourselfenoughtimetodoit.Ifyoucan,findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubject.Thistellsyouwhatyouneedtoknowandgivesyouthetopicsforrevision.Makeaweekbyweekrevisiontimetablecharttodisplayinyourworkspace.Includethetopicsyouneedtocoverforeachsubject.About12weeksbeforeyourfirstexam,recordthedatesandtimesforeachofyourexamsinyourplannerordiaryandmakeacopytoputonyourwallathome.Duringyourexamperiod,youwantyourbraintoworkatitsverybest,sobuildinrelaxationtimebeforebed,avoidlatenightrevisionsessionsandtrytogotobedearlysoyougetenoughsleep.Ifpanic（惊慌）startstocreepin,trytoreplaceyournegativethoughtswithmorepositive（积极的）ones,suchas‘It’sgoingtobeOK?Ifyouhavedifficultyansweringaquestion,leaveitandmoveontothenextone—don’tspendtimetyingyourselfinmental（思想上的）knotsovereachquestion.Youarenotalonewhiledealingwiththestress.Callpsychological（心理的）hotlinetoshareyourworriesandgethelpfromothersgoingthroughthesameexperience.Rememberthatthereislifeafterexams.Thingsmayfeelstressfulrightnow,butitwon’tlastforever.Andthentherestofyourlifewillstillbethere.TheExamStressSituation_____56_____aboutexamsisarealfactforalmosteveryoneatschool.ProblemThoughalittleexamstressdoesgoodtoyou,toomuchmaymakeyou_____57_____toworkaswellasyoucan.HowtocontrolexamstressCarefulpreparationisnecessarytostopyoufromworries.Findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubjecttogetnecessary_____58_____.Makearevisiontimetablechartforevery_____59_____todisplayinyourworkspace,includingnecessarytopics.Prepareforyourexams_____60_____andremindyourselfofthedatesandtimesforeachexam.Makeyourself_____61_____beforebedtimeandgetenoughsleep.Tryto_____62_____yourselftostaypositive.Ifyoumeetdifficultquestions,justmoveon,insteadof_____63_____howtoanswerthemtoolong.Turntopsychologicalhotlineandthoseinthesameboatfor_____64_____.Rememberstresswilldisappearbutyour_____65_____willgoon.【短文大意】考前有压力是正常的，本文针对考前压力给出一些建议。【答案解析】56．根据“Almosteveryoneworriesaboutthemandfeelsstressed”可知，几乎每个人都担心考试，感到压力，worryabout为……感到担心，在句中作主语，用动名词形式，句首需大写首字母。故填Worrying。57．根据“Buttoomuchstresscanstopyouworkingtothebestofyourabilities”可知，太多的压力会阻碍你发挥出最好的能力，failtodosth未能做某事,beunabletodosth不能做某事，makesbdosth让某人做某事，故填fail/unable。58．根据“Ifyoucan,findacopyofthesyllabusforeachsubject.Thistellsyouwhatyouneedtoknowandgivesyouthetopicsforrevision.”可知，如果可以的话，找一份每门课的教学大纲，这会告诉你你需要知道什么，并给你复习的主题。也就是通过每个主题的教学大纲来获取信息，故填information。59．根据“Makeaweekbyweekrevisiontimetablecharttodisplayinyourworkspace.”可知，在你的工作空间里做一个每周复习时间表。故填week。60．根据“About12weeksbeforeyourfirstexam,recordthedatesandtimesforeachofyourexamsinyourplanner”可知，在你第一次考试前12周，把每一次考试的日期和时间记录在你的计划或日记本上，也就是要提前准备，故填early/ahead。61．根据“sob