2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元素养提升Unit4SpaceExploration学案新人教版必修第三册

PAGE单元素养提升(四)Unit4Ⅰ.单词拼法1.SuchisLiuYang,thefirstChinesewomanastronaut(宇航员).2.HereturnedtoChinain1955andledtheChineserocket(火箭)program.

3.Asaresult,thegravity(引力)oftheearthisaboutsixtimesasgreatasthatofthemoon.4.Weshouldsortouttherubbish,hopingthatwemightrecycle(循环利用)some,whichwillsurelybenefitusagreatdeal.5.Byusingyourmuscles(肌肉)todopowerfulthings,youcanmakethemstrongerthanbefore.

6.Theyreceivedanumberofcomplaintsfromcustomersaboutthelack(缺乏)ofparkingfacilities.7.Ifsteelisheavierthanwater,whyareshipsabletofloat(漂移)onthesea?8.Thetrafficrulesshouldbeobservedstrictly;otherwise(否则)youwillgetintotrouble.9.It’sbeyond(超出)mypowertomakesuchanimportantdecision.

10.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolar(太阳的)systemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit.11.Thecurrent(当前的)situationisverydifferenttothatin1990.12.Theyhadsufficient(足够的)moneytosupporttheirfamilyaftertheyarrivedinCanada.

13.Withthesuccessfulspacewalk(太空行走),Chinahasbecomethethirdcountry,aftertheUnitedStatesandRussia,todoso.14.Somepyramidswereusedtoreceiveandtransmit(传输)energybetweenplanetsinthesolarsystem.

15.Thetheftofthejade(玉器)vasecausedmuchexcitement.

Ⅱ.选词填空onboard,runoutof,asaresult,inclosing,inthehopeof,carryon,figureout,resultin,provide...for,inorderto1.It’sdifficulttofigureoutwhyshesaidthosethingsatthemeeting.

2.Laterwelearntthattherewasaveryimportantpersononboard.

3.Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewilltocarryonwithhislifeandhiswork.

4.Hewasstudyinginthehopeofbeingadmittedtoanengineeringcollege.

5.ThecompetitionwillprovideanopportunityforyoutofeeltheenthusiasmforlearningChinesepoetry.

6.Asaforgetfulperson,Boboftenforgetshavingdonesomething,andasaresult,hewilldothesameoncemore.

7.Anoticewasputupinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.

8.Mycarbrokedownonthewaytothebeachbecauseithadrunoutofpetrol.

9.Inclosing,allthepeoplepresentendedtheconcertwithasongIloveyou,China.

10.Theotherday,thebadweatherresultedintrafficjam.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.

我们已经走到了几十年前的另一个极端,那时父母往往更严格。2.In1908,aNewEnglandfactorybecamethefirsttopracticethefive-dayweek.

1908年,新英格兰的一家工厂领先实行五天工作周。3.Healsorecommendseverytraineeattachimportancetobalancingworkandrelaxation.

他还建议每个学员都要重视工作和放松的平衡。4.Moreover,theyarguethatmostteachersdonotproperlyplanthehomeworktaskstheygivetopupils.

此外,他们认为大多数老师没有正确地安排他们给学生的家庭作业。5.Theymustreducethebooks’pricesoastobringthemwithinthereachofallstudents.

他们必需降低图书价格,使全部学生都能买到。Ⅳ.阅读理解ASomenewcomets(彗星)havebeendiscoveredaccidentallybyamateur(业余的)astronomers.Surprisinglyafewbrightcometshavebeendiscoveredwiththenakedeye(肉眼)bymembersofthegeneralpublic.However,agreatnumberofcometsarefoundbycomethunterscarryingouttelescopesearchesofchosenareasofthenightsky.AsthemovementofallcometsisdirectedaroundtheSunandbecausethesebodiesbrightenastheymovetowardstheSun,thereisagreaterpossibilityforthediscoveryofanewcometintheskiestowardstheSunratherthanawayfromtheSun’sdirection.Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.Fromtheastronomicalpointthereisnotimeduringtheyearwhichisthebestforthediscoveryofnewcomets.AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.Studiesdoneonthediscoveryconditionsofcometsdiscoveredbeforeshowthatmorecometshavebeendiscoveredinthemorningskythanintheeveningsky.Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.AnexampleofthenewtechnologyistheverysuccessfulLINEARprogramoperatinginNewMexico.However,untilasimilarsystemisbasedinthesouthernhalfoftheEarththerewillcontinuetobechancesforthediscoveryofnewcometswhichcomefromthesouth.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。1.Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo?A.LookawayfromtheSun.B.Staywherethere’sbrightlight.C.Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.D.Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.”可知,早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。2.Whatdoweknowaboutthetimeforthediscoveryofnewcomets?A.Dayswhenthey’reclosetotheEartharegreatchances.B.Certainfixeddaysarebestforwatchingcomets.C.Everydayisthesameifthere’snobrightMoon.D.DayswiththeMoonshouldneverbemissed.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.”可知,只要没有月亮,每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。3.Whichofthefollowingisasmartideaforcomethunters?A.Payingmoreattentioninthemorningthanintheafternoon.B.Beingequallyseriousbothinthemorningandafternoon.C.Beingmorerelaxedinthemorningthanintheafternoon.D.Formingahabitofworkingonlyinthemorning.【解析】选B。推理推断题。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.”可知,早晚观测彗星应当投入一样的精力。4.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCCDtechnology?A.It’ssimilartoatelescope.B.It’lldisappointcomethunters.C.It’sspreadingallovertheworld.D.It’llmakecomethuntersfeellucky.【解析】选B。推理推断题。由最终一段中的“theuseofadvancedCCDtechnology...greatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes”可知,这种技术降低了彗星猎人发觉新的彗星的概率,因此他们应当会感到有些悲观。BWhentheApolloastronauts(宇航员)landedontheMoonin1969,millionsofpeoplewererathersad.Thepersontoblame(责怪)forthiswasanartistnamedChesleyBonestell.Formanyyears,BonestellhadbeencreatingbeautifullydetailedpaintingsoftheMoonandplanets.ViewersofhisartworkwereunhappybecausetherealMoondidnotlooklikeBonestell’spicturesofit.Asaspaceartist,BonestelltriedtomakehisdrawingslookexcitingandastrueastheMoonis.Heworkedcloselywithastronomersandscientiststogetthemostup-to-datescientificinformationavailable.Butinthe1940sand1950s,noonehadeverseenanotherplanetupclose.YetBonestell’spaintingslookedsorealthatsomepeoplethoughttheywerephotographs.EventhoughBonestellwasinterestedinastronomy,hedidnotstartoutasaspaceartist.Asayoungmanhestudiedarchitecture—theartandscienceofdesigningandmakingbuildings.In1938BonestellbecameaspecialeffectsartistinHollywood.Itwasherethathelearnedhecouldimprovehispaintingsbyfollowingthemethodsusedinthemovies.In1944,apopularmagazinepublishedaseriesofBonestell’spaintingsoftheplanetSaturn.HedrewSaturnasifitwereseenbysomeonestandingoneachoftheplanet’smoons.Theresultsweredazzling.Withinafewyears,Bonestell’sartworkwasappearingregularlyinmagazinesandbooksonastronomyandspaceflight.ManyofBonestell’sartworkshadbeenrightallalong.ButthebiggestsurprisewastheMoon.SomeoneaskedBonestellwhathewasthinkingwhenhesawthefirstpicturesfromtheMoon.“IthoughthowwrongIwas!”hesaid.“Mymountainsweresharp(陡峭的),andtheyaren’tontheMoon.”Butheshouldn’thavefeltbad.Nospaceartisthadeverbeforetakensomanypeopletosomanyfarawayworlds.Intheyearsjustbeforethefirstmannedspaceflights,Bonestell’sartworkpreparedpeoplefortheamazingspaceadventuretocome.【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了太空美术大师ChesleyBonestell。5.Bonestellmadehisspacedrawings.

A.fromaveryearlyageB.bycopyingphotographsC.withthehelpofscientistsD.inordertomakealiving【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Heworkedcloselywithastronomersandscientiststogetthemostup-to-datescientificinformationavailable.”可知,Bonestell的画作得到了科学家的帮助,是有科学依据的。6.Theunderlinedword“dazzling”inParagraph4canbestbereplacedby“”.

A.doubtfulB.worryingC.terrible D.wonderful【解析】选D。词义揣测题。由该段中的“Withinafewyears,Bonestell’sartworkwasappearingregularlyinmagazinesandbooksonastronomyandspaceflight.”可知,结果喜人,Bonestell的画作在随后几年常常出现在关于天文学和太空探险的书刊杂志上。7.Bonestell’ssuccesslayinthefactthat.

A.hecreatedanewdrawingskillB.hehelpedfinishthefirstspaceflightC.hemadespacetravelmorepopularD.hehelpedbringspaceclosertopeople【解析】选D。推理推断题。由最终一段内容可知,在载人宇宙飞船探究太空之前,Bonestell的画让人们提前对太空有了了解并对之后的太空探险有所打算,所以他功不行没。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThefirstmenontheMoonB.ThespaceartofChesleyBonestellC.ThejourneysoftheApolloastronautsD.Spacewalking:throughanastronaut’seyes【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了太空美术大师ChesleyBonestell,故用B项作标题最恰当。Ⅴ.阅读填句TipsforhealthytravelwithchildrenChildrenmakeupasmallbutimportantgroupoftravellers.Theirsmallerbodiesanddevelopingimmune(免疫)systemsmaketheirtravelhealthneedsimportant.1.

Vaccines(疫苗)forchildrenIngeneral,thereisahigherriskformostvaccine-preventablediseaseswhentravellingabroad.2.Ifyouareplanningtotravel,checkwhetheryourchild’snormalvaccinescheduleneedstobechangedtomakesurethattheyarefullyprotectedbeforetravelling.

Malaria(疟疾)andchildren3.Childrenareparticularlyatriskofdevelopingseveremalaria.Ifyoumusttravelwithchildrentoamalariariskarea,visitadoctortodetermineifanti-malariamedicationisrecommended.Ifanti-malarialmedicationisallowedtotake,keeptheminchild-proofcontainersandoutofreachofchildren.

TransportationrisksAirtravelissafeforhealthychildren.4.Someairlineswillnotallownewbornstofly.Earpaincausedbychangesinpressureduringlandingismorecommoninchildrenthaninadults.Tolessenthepain,babiesshouldbottleorbreastfeed.Olderchildrencanchewgumorbeencouragedtoswalloworyawn.

5

Signsandsymptoms(症状)ofaltitudesicknessinchildrenareoftenmistakenforotherillnesses.Achildwithaltitudesicknessmaythrowup,hatetoeat,orbeanxious.Olderchildrenmayalsoshowheadaches,ordifficultybreathing.Asitisdifficulttotellifachildisdevelopingaltitudesicknessandsincealtitudesicknesscandeveloprapidlyinchildren,youmaytraveltonohigherthan2,500m(8,200feet).A.HighaltitudesicknessB.PackatravelhealthkitC.AvoidtakingchildrentoareaswithariskofmalariaD.AndthesediseasestendtobemoresevereinchildrenthaninadultsE.TherearemanyfactstotakeintoconsiderationwhentravellingwithchildrenF.Itmaybedifficulttogivechildrenanti-malariamedicationbecauseittastesunpleasantG.However,itisnecessarythatyouwaituntilnewbornsareonetotwoweeksoldbeforeflying【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白四点与孩子一起健康旅行须要留意的事项。1.【解析】选E。结合上文Theirsmallerbodiesanddevelopingimmunesystemsmaketheirtravelhealthneedsimportant.(他们较小的身体和发展的免疫系统使他们的旅行健康需求很重要。)以及下文是对带孩子旅行须要考虑的问题的论述可知,E选项“带孩子旅行时要考虑很多事实”符合上下文语境。2.【解析】选D。结合上文Ingeneral,thereisahigherriskformostvaccine-preventablediseaseswhentravellingabroad.(一般来说,在国外旅行时,大多数疫苗可预防疾病的风险更高。)中diseases可对应到D选项中thesediseases,故D选项“这些疾病在儿童中往往比成人更严峻”符合上下文语境。3.【解析】选C。结合下文Childrenareparticularlyatriskofdevelopingseveremalaria.(儿童尤其有患严峻疟疾的危急)可知,儿童简单得疟疾,因此要避开带孩子去有疟疾危急的地区。4.【解析】选G。结合下文Someairlineswillnotallownewbornstofly.(一些航空公司不允许新生儿飞行。)中newborns可对应到G选项中youwaituntilnewbornsareonetotwoweeksoldbeforeflying,故G选项“然而,有必要等到新生儿诞生一到两周后再飞行”符合上下文语境。5.【解析】选A。本句为本段小标题,结合下文Signsandsymptomsofaltitudesicknessinchildrenareoftenmistakenforotherillnesses.Achildwithaltitudesicknessmaythrowup,hatetoeat,orbeanxious.(儿童高原反应的症状和体征常被误认为是其他疾病。有高原反应的孩子可能会呕吐、厌烦吃东西或焦虑。)可知,是在说明儿童得高原反应的病症,故A选项“高原病;高原反应”符合本段内容。Ⅵ.完形填空Howfarwouldyouwalktolearnaboutsomethingthatinterestedyou?Whenhewasyoung,JacobLawrenceoftenwalkedmorethansixty1fromhishomeintheHarlemsectionofNewYorkCitytotheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.Jacobwantedtobea(n)2,andhebelievedthatstudyingthefamouspaintings3iItwas1930,whenmanypeoplewereoutofwork,moneywas4andpeoplesufferedalot.Stillthestreetswere5withenergyandcolor.AshewalkedthroughHarlem,Jacoblookedhardatthepeople,thechurches,andbarbershopsandsoon.He6thoseimagesinhismind,alongwiththeimagesofpaintingshesawinthe7.

Jacobcamefromapoorfamily.Hismotherbelievedtherewaslittlechance8hersoncouldgrowuptobeasuccessfulpainter.Shewantedhimtoaimforsomethingmore9.ButJacob’steacher,Alston,inanartprogramsawthathewastalented.Alston10himhowtousepaintstomakestagesets.

Astimepassed,AlstonletJacobrentworkspaceinhisownstudio.Thatwasanexcitingplaceforayoungman11tobecomeanartist.Manycreativepeople12theretotalkaboutart,literatureandhistory.Fromtheir13,Jacoblearnedthathistorybooksoften14theaccomplishmentsofAfricanAmericans.Hedecidedtopaintaseriesofpicturesdescribingthestoryofablackhero.He15Toussaint,whohadhelpedfreehispeople16Frenchruling.

ManypeopleadmiredJacob’spictures,butheneeded17admiration.Tohelphisfamily,heoftenhadtoworkatjobsthat18himawayfrompainting.Thensomethingencouraginghappened.AnartistnamedAugustagotJacobajob.Foreighteenmonths,Jacobwasgivena19topaintpictures.Forthefirsttime,hefeltlikea20artist.

【文章大意】本文讲解并描述的是闻名艺术家JacobLawrence从小很有天赋,为了看画,每天走六十多个街区去博物馆,后来通过画黑人英雄杜桑出名。但直到一个叫Augusta的画家给他供应了一份画画的工作,他才第一次感觉到自己是个职业画家。1.A.stepsB.blocksC.buildingsD.avenues【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。依据上文提到Howfarwouldyouwalktolearnaboutsomethingthatinterestedyou为了了解你感爱好的东西你会走多远,所以是走了六十多个街区。2.A.artist B.tutor C.scholar D.official【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。依据上文提到fromhishomeintheHarlemsectionofNewYorkCitytotheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.从他家走到艺术博物馆,可知他想成为艺术家。3.A.swinging B.existingC.hanging D.twisting【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。依据句意可知他信任探讨那些挂在博物馆里面的画有帮助,hanging现在分词作后置定语来修饰thefamouspaintings。4.A.blank B.looseC.tough D.tight【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。依据句子Itwas1930,whenmanypeoplewereoutofwork在1930年,大多数人失业,可知钱应是很惊慌。5.A.lined B.decoratedC.associated D.filled【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。依据句子Stillthestreetswerewithenergyandcolor,街道充溢能量与朝气。

6.A.stored B.receivedC.created D.remembered【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。依据上文提到hebelievedthatstudyingthefamouspaintingsinthatmuseumwouldhelphim.可知,他看过很多名画,他的大脑中装满各种画。

7.A.museum B.studioC.church D.street【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。依据上文提到hebelievedthatstudyingthefamouspaintingsinthatmuseumwouldhelphim.可知画像是在博物馆看到的。

8.A.whether B.whichC.that D.when【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。依据句子Hismotherbelievedtherewaslittlechancehersoncouldgrowuptobeasuccessfulpainter.可知横线后的从句是作chance的同位语从句,只能用that引导,且that在从句中不作成分。

9.A.precious B.practicalC.standard D.flexible【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。依据句意可知,与他学画画相比,母亲更希望他学好用的技能。10.A.recommended B.remindedC.provided D.showed【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。依据上文提到ButJacob’steacher,Alston,inanartprogramsawthathewastalented他的老师认为他很有天赋,于是向他展示如何用颜料做背景。11.A.hesitating B.strugglingC.marching D.participating【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。struggletodosth.努力去做某事,依据句意可知对于这个努力成为一个艺术家的年轻人来说,这是个令人兴奋的地方。12.A.settled B.wanderedC.gathered D.rushed【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。依据句子Manycreativepeopletheretotalkaboutart,literatureandhistory可知,很多有创建力的人聚集在这谈论艺术、文学和历史。

13.A.experiences B.performancesC.accents D.conversations【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。依据上文提到“Manycreativepeopletheretotalkaboutart,literatureandhistory”他们聚集在此谈论,可知是从他们的谈话中,他明白历史书中通常忽视非裔美国人的作品。

14.A.acknowledged B.accusedC.ignored D.wit