新高考英语二轮复习题型专练14 说明文体类阅读理解(原卷版)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）14说明文体类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】所谓说明文，就是指研究自然科学与技术的文章。说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事理，达到教人以知识的目的，在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序（如时间、空间、从现象到本质）进行说明。说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确、明了，文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特点等。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题；高科技领域的科研成果；人们比较关心的社会问题；人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。阅读理解试题的中要考点之一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了4-5%。不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇，例如，同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号（如破折号、冒号都有表示解释和说明）等。【得分要点】高考阅读理解中，说明文为主要体裁之一。高考阅读理解题的设问主要围绕以下四方面：细节事实题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、猜测词义题。其中，说明文主要以细节事实、主旨大意和猜测词义三方面问题为主。一、词义猜测类题型阅读理解题中常要求学生猜测某些单词或短语的意思。历年英语高考题中均有此类题目，有的文章尽管没有专门设题，但由于文章中常常出现生词，因此，词义的猜测还是贯穿在文章的阅读理解之中。解这类题目一般是通过上下文去理解或根据构词法去猜测。判断一个单词的意思不但离不开句子，而且还需要把句子放在上下文中，根据上下文提供的线索加以猜测。运用构词法,语境等推测关键词义，可以根据以下几种方法猜测：（一）内在逻辑关系根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义。1.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happyandgay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思.这是高三册第八单元阅读第五段的句子：Theword＂secure＂inparagraph5lineisclosestinmeaningto_________.A.freefromanxietyB.anxiousC.nervousD.happy根据上下文和同义词，可以选出答案A。二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus，Mars，andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.此句中的Venus（金星）,Mars（火星）,Jupiter（木星）均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于＂行星＂这一义域.通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：Heissohomely，notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根据notatall...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊,不漂亮的意思。2.根据因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词（如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等）表示前因后果。例如：Youshouldn’thaveblamedhimforthat，foritwasn’thisfault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是＂责备＂。3.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义例如：Butsometimes，norainfallsforalong，longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod，ordrought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为＂久旱＂，＂旱灾＂。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，thatis，inotherwords，becalled或破折号等来表示。4.通过句法功能来推测词义例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。5.通过描述猜词描述即作者为帮助读者更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly，itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类.后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。（二）外部相关因素外部相关因素是指篇章（句子或段落）以外的其他知识，有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时，就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如：Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为＂爬行＂。（三）构词法在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根,前缀,后缀,合成等构词法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。1.根据前缀猜测词义例如：Hefellintoaditchandlaythere，semi-conscious，forafewminutes.根据词根conscious（清醒的，有意识的），结合前缀semi（半，部分的，不完全的），我们便可猜出semiconscious词义＂半清醒的，半昏迷的。＂I’milliterateaboutsuchthings.词根lit-erate意为＂有文化修养的，通晓的＂，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指＂一窍不通，不知道的＂。2.根据后缀猜测词义例如：Insecticideisappliedwhereitisneeded.后缀cide表示＂杀者，杀灭剂＂，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出insecticide意为＂杀虫剂＂。Thenthevapormaychangeintodroplets.后缀let表示＂小的＂，词根drop指＂滴，滴状物＂。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet词义＂小滴，微滴＂。3.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义例如：Growingeconomicproblemswerehigh-lightedbyaslowdowninoiloutput.Hightlight或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由high（高的，强的）和light（光线）两部分组成，合在一起便是＂以强光照射，使突出＂的意思。BullfightisverypopularinSpain.Bull（公牛）和fight（打，搏斗）结合在一起，指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动—斗牛。二、主旨大意类题型主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。（二）寻找文章的主题句分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句,即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心.通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1.相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括；2.主题句一般结构简单；3.段落中其他句子必定是用来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。总之，为提高阅读理解能力，在阅读时应抓中心思想,作者意图及关键词语，运用联想,比较,归纳,推测等方法，得出最佳结论，选择最佳答案，不能主观臆测，把自己的观点强加进去，与文章的观点混为一谈。经过长时间有计划,有目的的系统训练，使学生加快阅读速度，提高阅读的正确性，使两者有机地统一起来，以提高学生阅读英语和运用英语进行交际的能力，为继续学习和运用英语切实打好基础.阅读是一种综合性很强的语言实际活动。我们只有进行大量的课内外阅读，掌握一定的阅读技巧，正确运用阅读方法，才能有效地提高阅读理解能力。【真题再现】【2020·新高考全国卷I（山东），D】AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?12.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.14.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.15.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare. B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers. D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。12.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake”可知，根据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。13.词义猜测题。根据前半句“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetites。由contraryto可推断出，画线词和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故选D。14.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments”可知，为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照做，吃的食物比平常多。然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。由此推断，研究人员雇用演员是为了看看她如何影响参与者。故选A。15.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?”可知，如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如果他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？因此推断我们是根据我们对他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）来调整影响的。故选C。【题型演练】1Smartphones,tablets,fitnesstrackers,headphonesandmostoftheelectronicdevicesweusetodayaremadeofmetal,plasticandglass.Butelectronicsdon’thavetobe.SaladeMedeirosandhercolleaguesfoundawaytoturnanordinarypieceofpaperintoasimpleelectronickeypad.Manyteamsaroundtheworldareworkingonpaper-basedelectronics.Butthisnewdeviceisdifferentfromanyotherdevice.It’sthefirsttopoweritselfandalsoresistwateranddust.Theuser’stouchgivesitallthepoweritneedstorun.Nosinglemomentinspiredherpaperkeypad.Instead,shefocusedondevicesotherengineershavebeenworkingon.Thenshediscoveredthathighcostwasaproblemwithsomeflexibleelectronics.Soshedecidedtoworkwithlow-costmaterials.Teflon(聚四氟乙烯)isachemicalcoatingthatkeepsfoodfromstickingtopotsandpans.Similarcom-pounds(复合物)canalsomakepaperwaterproof.Soshestartedtestingthechemicalbuttheonethatwassup-posedtodothebestjobdidn’tworkatall.Aftersomeresearch,SaladeMedeirosfoundoutthatthischemicalreactswithair.Shehadtobuyspecialequipmentthatforbadeanyairgettingintheway.Now,thechemicalworksasplanned.Thentheteamplacedastencil(钢板)withtheshapeofacircuit(电路)ontothebackofthepaperandsprayedonseverallayersofmaterials.Finally,theteamflippedoverthepaperandprintedakeypadofnumbersontheotherside.TheyalsoaddedatinyBluetoothchip,whichlettheirpaperdevicetalktoacomputer.Thesourceofelectricitycomesfromthetapofafinger.Whenyou’retypingwecancreatetheenergybytouchingorrubbing.Theelectronickeypadisregularpapermostpeoplecouldaffordbutwouldn’teasilygetwetordirty.Italsoshouldfitinyourpocket.1.Whichofthefollowingistheuniquefeatureofthenewdevice?A.It’sthefirstdevicemadeofpaper. B.Ithaslittleelectricityormetal.C.Itgetspoweredthroughtouch. D.Ithasnotroublecleaningitself.2.WhydidTeflonfailtoworkatfirst?A.Itwasexposedtotheair. B.Itwasoflowquality.C.Itdamagedtheequipment. D.Itkeptfoodstucktopots.3.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprocessofcreatingthedevice. B.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.C.Theapplicationofthedevice. D.ThewaytodevelopTeflon.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“flippedover”inPara.3?A.Cleanedup. B.Cutup. C.Heldonto. D.Turnedover.2Wetalkalotaboutairpollution.HereinHongKongwealwayscomplainaboutlightpollutionaswell.Then,thereisnoisepollution.It'sthesameinmanycitiesaroundtheworld,andinKathmandu,thecapitalcityofNepal,peoplehavebeencomplainingaboutthenoisemadebydriverswhocontinuallysoundtheircarhorns(喇叭).Thatisuntilrecently,whensomethingwasfinallydoneaboutit.TheChiefDistrictOfficerofKathmanduhadreceivedmanycomplaintsabouthornpollution.Hesaidthateveryonefelttheuseofthecarhorninrecentyearshadbecomeexcessive.ResearchersinKathmandufoundthatforabout80percentofthetime,itreallywasnotnecessaryfordriverstousetheircarhorns.Soundingthehorntomakeanoisehadbecomemoreofahabit.Itwasnolongerbeingusedasitwassupposedtobeused:towarnpeopleofdanger.AtthebeginningoftheNepaliNewYearin2017,thelocalgovernmentpassedalawtobantheuseofcarhornsunlessusedcorrectly.Withinsixmonths,11,000fineshadbeencollectedbythelocaltrafficpolice.ThefinewasaboutHK$360.AtaxidriverinKathmanducanmakeaboutHK$1,000perday,sohecouldloseaboutone-thirdofhismoneyifhebrokethelaw.Asusual,thereweremanycomplaintsfromdrivers.Theysaidthatcowsanddogswerefreetowalkontheroads.Theyalwayscauseddanger.Soundingacarhornwastheonlywaytogetthemtomoveoutoftheway.AndwhiletherewerequiteafewtrafficlightsinthestreetsofKathmandu,veryfewofthemworked.Thismeanttherewasoftenatrafficmess.Thebanonusingacarhornwentahead,andwithinafewweeksthestreetsofNepal'scapitalwerequieter—eventhoughtheywerestilljustasbusy.Becauseoftheban,driversarealittlemorecarefulwhentheydrive.Feweraccidentshavebeenreported.ThelocalgovernmentsaysthehornbanwillnowbecopiedinotherareasofNepal.5.WhatdoHongKongandKathmanduhaveincommon?A.Bothhavebeentroubledbylightpollution.B.Bothhavesucceededinfightingairpollution.C.Bothhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofnoisepollution.D.Bothhavereceivedmanycomplaintsabouthornpollution.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"excessive”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Toomuch. B.Quitesimple. C.Verycorrect. D.Moredangerous.7.WhatwillyoufindifyougotoKathmandu?A.Notrafficlightsinthestreetscanwork.B.Thetrafficontheroadsisusuallyveryheavy.C.Animalsarenotallowedtowalkonthestreets.D.Driversarerequiredtodriveonone-waystreets.8.WhatcanweguessaboutKathmandu'shornban?A.Itisunfair. B.Itisworrying. C.Itisinteresting. D.Itissuccessful.3Wealreadyknowthatsaltcanleadtoheartdisease.Butcoulditalsoaffectourmind?Scientistsfoundthatahigh-saltdietcausedcognitiveimpairmentsinmice»anditcouldproducethesameeffectonhumans.CostantinoIadecola,directoroftheFeilFamilyBrainandMindResearchtheInstitute,saidtheyfedthemiceeighttosixteentimestheirnormalsaltintakeandthentestedthemice.Afteraboutthreemonths,themicehadabigchangeintheirbehavior.Miceareverycurious,andtheyliketolookfornewthings.However,thetestedmicelosttheabilitytoidentifyanormalobject.Whenthemicewereputintheircageandaskedtofindaquietspot,theydidnotrememberwherethequietspotwas.Thenwhenthemicewerebuildinganest,whichissomethingthemicedodaily,they,wereunabletodoso.Theresearchsuggestedhumanswouldexperienceasimilarresponse.StudieshaveshownAustralianseatarounddoubletherecommendedamountofsalteachday,mostofitcomingfromprocessedfood.Dr.LadecolasaidtheestimatedtwoteaspoonsofsalttheaverageAustralianeatseachdaycouldaffectthebrainfunctioninthelongterm.However,thedeclinemightnotbeasobviousasinthemice,whoweregivenextremelyhighlevelsofsalt."Butprobablyoveryearsandperhapsdecades—asopposedtoafewmonthsforthemouse—evenlowerlevelsofsaltmayhaveaterribleeffect,"Drladecolasaid.“Highlevelsofsaltcauseseriousimmunechangesintheorgansinandaroundthestomach,resultinginanalmostautoimmuneeffectonthebrain.Itispartofagrowingbodyofevidencethatwereallyarewhatweeat,“BryceVissel,directoroftheCentreforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,said."Thosechangesinturncauseallsortsofresponsesinthebody,whichovertimecertainlycontributetocognitiveimpairments."9.Whichcandescribethetestedmice?A.Theyremainedquietallday. B.Theybecamesmarterthanever.C.Theyforgotsomeroutinethings. D.Theywerequickatfindingobjects.10.WhatdoweknowaboutAustralians?A.Theyignorehealthadvice. B.Theyhaveahigher-saltdiet.C.Theydislikeprocessedfood. D.Theyvaluetheirbrainhealth.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.StudiescarriedoutbyBryceVissel. B.Immunechangesbroughtaboutbysalt.C.Effectsofdailydietsonhumanbehaviors. D.Linksbetweensaltintakeandbraindamage.12.Whatdoesthetextsuggest?A.Brainhealthcountsmuch. B.Thebodynevertellsalie.C.Low-saltdietistobeadvocated. D.Heartdiseasescanbeprevented.4DoyoulikethewoollymammothsfromthemovieIceAge?Toobadthey'reextinct?Thankstorecentdevelopmentsinbiotechnology,thestuffofsciencefictionmaysoonbecomearealitythroughanattractiveprocesscalled"de-extinction",whichaimstobringtheextinctspeciesback.Theresurrectedspeciesarefunctionallyequaltotheoriginalextinctspecies,buttheyarenotexactcopies.Therearethreeprimarytechniquesofde-extinction.Oneofthemisthatscientistsdeliberatelyselectexistingspecieswithsimilarcharacterstotheextinctspeciestoproducelatergeneration.Thisisanaturalmethod.Anotheriscloning.AclonedanimaliscreatedbyobtainingtheDNAoftheextinctanimal.Thelatergenerationwillbeanidenticalcopyoftheextinctspecies.Thisisonlyappliedtoanimalsthatareeitherendangeredorhaverecentlygoneextinct,asitrequireswell-preservedeggs.Thethirdisthenewesttechnique,geneticengineering.Itusesgene-editingtoolstoplaceselectedgenesfromextinctanimalsinplaceofthosepresentinitsclosestlivingrelative.IfwerefertoJurassicPark,resurrectingextinctanimalsisaterribleidea.Thankfully,wedon'thavetoworryaboutdinosaursrunningwildly,astheirDNAhasdisintegratedoverthe65millionyearssincetheirextinction.DNAcansurviveforseveralmillionyearsatbestundercertainrareconditions,butdoesthatmeanweshoulddothat?De-extinctionismoreforecologythanfortourism.EcologistBenNovaksaid,“Allanimalsperformcriticalrolesintheirecosystem.Woollymammoths,forexample,wereexcellentgardeners.TheirdisappearancewasfollowedbyalossindiversityandtheArcticgrasslandbecameacold,icefield.Ifaresurrectedanimalisalwaysgoingtobeazooanimalthenitshouldn'tbebroughtback.”13.WhydoestheauthormentionthemovieIceAge?A.Torecallthejoyfromthemovie. B.Toleadtheaudienceintothetopic.C.Toattractreaders,attentiontothemovie. D.Toshowfunctionsofresurrectinganimals.14.Whatismainlydiscussedaboutde-extinctioninParagraph2?A.Itsmainmethods. B.Itswideapplication.C.Itscomplexprocedures. D.Itsdistinctcharacteristic.15.Whatcanreplacetheunderlinedword“disintegrated“inParagraph3?A.Brokenaway. B.Pickedup. C.Fallenapart. D.Runout.16.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwebringextinctanimalsback? B.Doyoulikethewoollymammoths?C.Willdinosaursbeseeninthezoos? D.Shouldwepromotecloningskills?5Adultingishard.Whilehighschoolstudentsareattheforefrontoftechnologicalandlearningskills,it’softennotuntiltheyleavehomethattheylearneverydaylifeskills.Somebelievethathighschoolsshouldofferacommonsensecourseinwhichstudentsaretaughthowtopaybills,changeatireorcook.Now,oneKentuckyschoolisofferingan“adultingday”toteachsuchskillstostudentsintheirsenioryear.Theclassof2019atBullittCentralHighSchoolinShepherdsville,Ky.,tradedintheiralgebraandliteratureclassesforadaytolearnsomepositivelifeskills,accordingtoWave3News.“Ithinkthattheideaoccurredtome,originally,whenIsawaFacebookpostthatparentspassedaroundsayingtheyneededaclassinhighschoolontaxesandcooking,”ChristyHardin,directoroftheBCHSFamilyResource&YouthServicesCenter,toldWave3.“Ourkidscangetthat,buttheyhavetochooseit.And“Wednesday”wasadaytheycouldpickandchoosepiecestheydidn’tfeelliketheyhadgottensofar.”Membersofthecommunityhelpedprovidethelessonsforthestudentsoneonone,includinglocalpolicewhotaughtthemhowtointeractwithofficersduringtrafficstops,aspeakerwhoexplainedhowtodecipherthedifferencebetweenhomesicknessanddepression,andotherswhodiscussedhowtousecreditcards,howtocookinadormroomandhowtochangeatire.WhilemanypeopleonFacebookapplaudedtheidea,withsomearguing,“Thisshouldbetaughtineveryhighschool,”otherswonderedwhatbecameofhomeeconomics.NowknownasFamilyandConsumerSciences,thesecoursesteachstudentshowtocook,sewandbudget,alongwithotherskills.Inmanydistricts,however,theclassesareelectivesandstudentsdonotalwayschoosetotakethem.“Abouttimethiscameback,itwascalledHomeEconomics,”onewomanwrote.“Intoday’sdiversemakeupoffamiliesitwouldbeawelcomeaddition.”Anothershared,“Wehadhomeeconomicsthattaughtustocookandlearnedhowtosew.Wealsohadbusinessmaththattaughtusbankingandfinances.Whyintheworldisthatnottaughttoday?Imean,aspecialdaycalledadultingtoteachkidsthisstuffshouldbearequiredclasscredit.”17.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Highschoolstudentsaretoobusytolearneverydaylifeskills.B.Theschoolsinotherdistrictshavenevertaughteverydaylifeskillstostudents.C.Highschoolstudentsareadvancedintechnologicalandlearningskills.D.Highschoolstudentsarelackingineverydaylifeskills.18.WhatputBCHSinthespotlight?A.Itdideverythingitcouldtocatertotheparents.B.Ittaughtlifeskillsatthecostofacademiccourses.C.Itofferedparentsopportunitiestoinstructclasses.D.Itallowstudentstodecideontheirownsubjects.19.Theunderlinedword“decipher”inparagraph4probablymeans“________”.A.determine B.demonstrate C.discriminate D.distribute20.Whichofthefollowingskillsareincludedinthecourses?a.usecreditcardsb.learnalgebraandliteraturec.changeatired.howtocookA.abc B.bcd C.acd D.abd21.Whatarepeople’sattitudestowardsthecourses?A.Supportive B.Opposed C.Skeptical D.Indifferent6Itshouldbeoneofthemaingoalsintoday’ssocietytoreduceplasticconsumption.Thoughmanyofusbelievethatrecyclingwillsolvetheproblem,andcontinueusingplastic,it’sactuallytheopposite.In2013,254milliontonsoftrashwasproducedintheU.S.alone,andonlyaround30%wasrecycled.Thismeansthattherestendedupinalandfil