专题02词汇拓展（知识串讲专题过关）-2021-2022学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（原卷版）

专题02词汇拓展知识串讲（一）Unit11.win(v.)获胜；赢得→________(n.)获胜者；优胜者2．cheer(v.)加油；欢呼；喝彩→________(adj.)快乐的；愉快的3．skate(v.)滑冰→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)4．dream(n.)梦想；梦(v.)做梦→________(过去式)→________(n.)梦想家；做梦的人；不切实际的人5．science(n.)科学→________(n.)科学家→________(adj.)科学的6．music(n.)音乐；乐曲→________(n.)乐手，音乐家，乐师→________(adj.)音乐的7．policeman(n.)男警察→________(复数)→________(对应词)(n.)女警察→________(复数)8．spend(v.)花费(金钱、时间等)；度过→________(过去式)9.health(n.)健康→________(adj.)健康的→________(adv.)健康地→________(反义词)(adj.)不健康的→________(adv.)不健康地10．popular(adj.)流行的，大众的，受欢迎的→________(n.)普及；流行11．relax(v.)使放松，轻松→_______(第三人称单数)→________(adj.)感到放松的→______(adj.)令人放松的12．exciting(adj.)使人兴奋的；令人激动的→________(adj.)感到激动的13．bad(adj.)坏的；差的；糟糕的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)14．leave(v.)离开，把……留下，剩下→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)15．ill(adj.)有病的；不健康的→________(n.)病；疾病16．throw(v.)扔；掷→________(过去式)17．fight(v.)争论；打仗(架)(n.)打仗(架)；争论→________(过去式)→________(n.)战士；斗士；奋斗者18．angry(adj.)发怒的，愤怒的，生气的→________(adv.)发怒地；生气地→________(n.)怒火，怒气19．invent(v.)发明，创造→________(n.)发明；发明物→________(n.)发明者，发明家；创造者20．bee(v.)变得，变成→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)George________(bee)ateacherattheageof54.21．hold(v.)抓住；举办；保持；包含→________(过去式)22．person(n.)人；个人→________(adj.)个人的；私人的23．hero(n.)英雄，豪杰→________(复数)24．hit(v.)击(球)；碰撞→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)Sheslippedand________(hit)herheadontheroad.25．ring(v.)打；(钟、铃等)响→________(过去式)26．stand(v.)站立；位于；忍受，承受→________(过去式)27．feel(v.)觉得，感到→________(过去式)→________(n.)感觉；感情28．break(v.)(使)破，碎；打破(纪录)→________(过去式)（二）Unit21.suggest(v.)建议，提议→________(n.)建议，提议2．brush(n.)刷子→________(复数)3．tooth(n.)牙齿→________(复数)→________(n.)牙痛4．lie(v.)躺，平躺→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)5．serious(adj.)严重的；严肃的；认真的→________(adv.)严重地；严肃地；认真地6．smoke(v.)吸烟；冒烟→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)7．tomato(n.)西红柿→________(复数)8．potato(n.)土豆，马铃薯→________(复数)9．possible(adj.)可能；能做到→________(adj.)不可能存在或发生的；不可能的10．build(v.)增强；建筑，建造→________(过去式)→________(n.)建筑物11．final(adj.)最终的；决定性的→________(adv.)最后；最终；终于12．fat(adj.)肥的；肥胖的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(反义词)(adj.)瘦的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)13．advise(v.)建议；劝告→________(n.)(不可数名词)建议；劝告（三）Unit31.collect(v.)收集，搜集→________(n.)收藏品，收集物→________(n.)收集人；收藏家2．hate(v.)厌恶，讨厌；仇恨→________(反义词)(v.)爱，喜爱3．silly(adj.)愚蠢的；不明事理的→________(近义词)(adj.)愚蠢的；笨的4．cut(v.)剪，切，割→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)5．lazy(adj.)懒惰的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(n.)懒惰6．clean(adj.)干净的→________(反义词)(adj.)肮脏的，污秽的7．lend(v.)借给，借出→________(过去式)8．violin(n.)小提琴→________(n.)小提琴家9．quickly(adv.)很快地，迅速地→________(adj.)快的；快速的；时间短暂的Theydidn'treachthehospital________(quick)enoughbecauseoftrafficjams.10．wonder(n.)奇才；奇迹；惊奇→________(adj.)令人惊奇的11．peace(n.)宁静，平静，和平→________(adj.)和平的12．culture(n.)文化，文明→________(adj.)文化的；文明的13．own(adj.)自己的，本人的拥有，有(v.)→________(n.)主人，物主14．agree(v.)同意，应允→________(n.)(意见或看法)一致；同意15．useful(adj.)有用的→________(反义词)(adj.)无用的→________(v.)重新使用；再用16．match(n.)火柴；比赛；竞赛→________(复数)17.sell(v.)卖出；出售；转让→________(过去式)→________(n.)特价销售；出售→________(反义词)(v.)购买；买→________(过去式)18．beat(v.)打，击打；(在比赛中)打败(某人)→________(过去式)19．burn(v.)燃烧；烧毁→________(过去式)→________(adj.)着火的；燃烧的20．dead(adj.)死的→________(v.)消失；灭亡；死亡→________(n.)死亡→________(adj.)即将死亡的21．wake(v.)醒来；弄醒，唤醒→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)→________(adj.)醒着的22．factory(n.)工厂→________(复数)23．fort(n.)安慰；舒服→________(adj.)舒适的；舒服的→________(反义词)不舒服的（四）Unit41.nature(n.)自然；性质→________(adj.)自然的2．sheep(n.)羊→________(复数)3．wet(adj.)湿的，潮湿的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(反义词)(adj.)干燥的→________(n.)吹风机；干衣机；干燥剂4．die(v.)死亡→________(n.)死；死亡5．protect(v.)保护→________(n.)保护6．feed(v.)喂养，饲养→________(过去式)7．missing(adj.)失踪的，找不到的，丢失的；缺少的→________(v.)丢失；思念8．sad(adj.)难过的；悲哀的→________(n.)悲伤；难过；痛苦9．shake(v.)摇动，(使)颤动；抖(掉)→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)10．understand(v.)理解，懂→________(过去式)→________(adj.)善解人意的；体谅人的11.appear(v.)出现；看来；好像→________(n.)出现；外貌，外观→________(反义词)(v.)消失12．send(v.)派遣；打发；安排去→________(过去式)13．cheap(adj.)便宜的；廉价的→________(近义词)→________(反义词)(adj.)昂贵的，花钱多的14．true(adj.)确实的，真的；真正的→________(n.)实情；事实15．improve(v.)改进，改善→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)→________(n.)改进；改善16．drop(v.)落下；掉下→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)专题过关一、根据汉语提示填空1．________(在……期间)thewinterholiday,I’llreadsomefamousnovels(小说).2．Exercisingeverydayisgoodforyour________(健康).3．Thatcarwas___________（相当）expensive,soMr.Greendidn’tbuyit.4．LiPingwantstobeas______（受欢迎的）asXieNa．5．He________(锻炼)everyday,soheisveryhealthy.6．ZhongshanRoadisa________(主要的)roadinthecity.It’sbusyeveryday.7．Ithinkthisisaspecial________(实例).Youshouldstudyitcarefully.8．AlexanderBelli____(发明)thetelephonein1876.9．Don’t______(踢)theballinthestreet.10．Canyoutellmethe_________（主要的）reasonwhyyoudon’tlikesits?11．Wewill________(讨论)howtostopthepollutionintwoweeks.12．We’lltalkatthe________(开头)oftheweek.13．Ifyouworkhard,youwill________（成功）oneday.14．Theradiosaysthatthesoldierswill________（继续）movingon.15．We’reveryhappytohearthe__________(令人兴奋的)news.二、根据首字母填空16．Mybrotherlikesplanesverymuch.Hewantstobeap________whenhegrowsup.17．Ifyoudon’tstudyhardnow,youwon’tfindagoodjobinthef______.18．Thingsarelookingp________good.19．—Ianisunhappyabouthislostwallet.—Well,let'sdosomethingtoc________himup.20．I'mgoingtowritearticlesands________themtoourschoolnewspapers.21．Hissonspent1,000yuanontheputergames,soheisverya____now.22．Youmustf_________yourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.23．Nobodywantstogeti____trouble.24．Ahundredyearsisac_______.25．Themanwantsn________butfood,butwhenhehasithewantseverything.26．Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,yourgradeswilld________.27．—Howoftendoyoueatfruit?—Atl________onceaday.28．W________youliketoeateggsornot,youshouldeatatleastoneeveryday.29．Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwillf________theexam.30．Bobw__________gotoschool.Hewillstudyonputerathome.三、用所给单词的正确形式填空31．Thoughit’sdifficulttobea_______(science),I’dliketohaveatry.32．Keep________(health)byeatingandexercisingregularly.33．Wethinkoneofthebestways________(relax)isthroughexercise.34．Heoften________(exercise)inourschool.35．Tomorrowafternoonwe_____________（take）aP.E.class.36．Iwanttobeabasketballplayer,soI_____________(practice)iteveryday.37．Ifyoudon’ttalktoyourparentsaboutyourproblems,youwill____(certain)feelworse.38．Don’taskaboutmy_______(person)problems,please.39．Youmaygoswimmingifyou________（finish）yourhomework.40．Thewomanspendstwohours_________(finish)herhousework.41．The________（begin）ofthemeetingisavideoaboutanimals.42．LinWeimadeawishatthe_______(begin)of2021.43．Wouldyoulike_______________(ride)inmytaxi,sir?44．TheChinesearevery_______________(friend)tome.45．Theyaredoingtheir_______________(good)towinthefootballmatch.四、多句选词填空从方框中选择合适的短语完成句子，使句子完整、通顺。leavefor,keepfit,prettywell,inthefuture,playagainst46．Judylikesdancingandshedances__________.47．MyparentsandIare____________Beijingtovisitmygrandparents.48．Runningisagoodwayto_________.You’dbetterruneverymorning.49．Ihopeyourdreamwilletrue___________.50．Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatch,andwewill_______________ClassThree.从方框中选择合适的词并用其正确形式填空。shake,peel,add,final,blender51．Please________thebananas,andcutthemup.52．Youshould________handswithyournewfriend.53．Youcanusethiskindof________tomakemilkshake.54．Aftertenhours’hardwork,________theysolvedtheproblem.55．Youcan________somesugartothecoffee.从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空。bring,leave,surprise,reply,sad,if,miss,glad,prepare,help56．OurEnglishteacherMrs.Greenis________forAmerica.57．Toshowhowmuchwe’regoingto________ourteacher,wewillhaveasurprisepartyforher.58．Weare________toseehergo,andthispartyisthebestwaytosay“Thankyouandgoodbye”.59．Marywill_________toorganizetheparty.60．Weare_________fortheparty,likefood,drinks,pencilsandsoon.61．Youcan________MrsGreentothepartywhenyouetotheparty.62．I’m________toseeallmybestfriendshere.63．PleaseletmeknowbyWednesday________youetotheparty.64．I’malways________tohearfrommybestfriend.65．Thegirldidn’tknowhowto_________tohisemail.六、短文综合填空阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词等提示，在每个空格内填入