Unit11单元知识小结（原卷版）

思维导图Unit11Sadmoviesmakemecry.思维导图模块小结知识要点一、知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。【精讲精练】要点11.当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是：(1)makesth.意为“制造某物”。Shecanmakekites.她会制作风筝。(2)makesb.sth./makesth.forsb.意为“为某人制作某物”。Hismothermadehimabeautifulcoat./Hismothermadeabeautifulcoatforhim.他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。(3)被动语态中常用bemadeof/from,bemadein,bemadeby等短语来表示①bemadeof“….是由….制成的”（能看出原材料）②bemadefrom“….是由….制成的”（不能看出原材料）③bemadein“……是在（某地）制造”④bemadeby“由/被某人制造”⑤bemadeinto“被制成；被做成…”⑥bemadeupof“由….组成”Wineismadefromgrapes.酒是由葡萄酿制成的。ThesecarsweremadeinChangchun.这些汽车是在长春制造的。2.当make的意思是“使、使得”时，一般用于“make+宾语+宾补”这种结构，常用的句型是：(1)makesb.dosth.使/让某人做某事（相当于letsb.dosth./havesb.dosth.）OurEnglishteacheroftenmakesusretellthetexts.我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。当把这样的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号to必须要还原。Weareoftenmadetoretellthetexts(byourEnglishteacher).(2)make+sb./sth.+adj.意为“使某人/某物(感到)……”。Thenewsmadehimhappy.这个消息使他很高兴。可用的形容词有：happy,pleased,surprised,angry,sad,sickupset,worried,anxious,excited,relaxed,stressedout,tense,calm,fortable,shy，nervous，unhappy，annoyed，tired，sleepy……等(3)make+sb./sth.+done.意为“使某人/某物被……”。Itriedtomakemyselfunderstoodwhileinothercountry.3、make构成的短语：makethebed铺床makemoney赚钱maketrouble/mistakes犯错makefriends交朋友makenoises/anoise制造噪音makeyourselfathome请自便makeprogress取得进步makeup编造/化妆/构成makeadecision下决定makesure（确信、弄清楚）makeupone'smind下决心【典例分析】1.Thescarfwhichis________silk________softandfortable.A．madefrom;soundsB．madeof;feelsC．madein;smellsD．madeupof;smells2．Somegoodsmade________Westerncountriesareveryexpensive.A．byB．inC．fromD．of3.Booksaremade________paperwhilepaperismainlymade________wood.A．of;ofB．from;fromC．of;fromD．from;of4.Thegoodnewsmadeallofus________.A.happy B.tobehappy C.happily D.happiest5Thoughheoftenmadehislittlesister______,todayhewasmade_____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.tocry;cry6.Canyoumakeyourself________inEnglish?A.understand B.understoodC.understanding D.tounderstand7.Thechildrenweremadehomeworkfirst.A.do B.todo C.did D.doing8.我爷爷做的这种果汁，是由多种水果做的。Thejuicewhich______________________________manykindsoffruitsis____________________mygrandpa.9.这支医疗队由12名医生组成。Thismedicalteam__________________________________12doctors.10我的宠物常常使我高兴。Mypetoften________________________.11昨天我们选他当班长。We________________________yesterday.要点2wouldrather“宁愿；宁可；更喜欢”，后跟动词原形.◆wouldratherdosth.=prefertodosth.宁愿做某事Iwouldratherstayathomebecauseit’scoldoutside.我宁愿呆在家里，因为外面冷。◆否定句：wouldrathernotdosth.宁愿不做某事Hewouldrathernotlistentojazz.他宁愿不听爵士乐。◆疑问句：将would提到句首Wouldyouratherstayathomeorplaytenniswithus?你宁愿呆在家里还是和我一起打网球？◆wouldratherdothando=prefertodoratherthando宁愿做某事而不愿做某事IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangooutforawalk.【典例分析】1.Let’splayfootballontheplayground.It’stoohotoutside.Iwouldrather________athomethan________out.A.tostay;go B.staying;going C.stay;togo D.stay;go2.—Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefer________ratherthanonsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathome B.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathome D.stayingathome;goout3.Iwouldrather________thechancethan________her．Anottotake；tohurtB.nottake；hurtC.nottaking；hurtingD.don’ttake；tohurt要点3feellikefeellike（1）“感觉像……，摸起来像……”。例如：Ifeellikeachild.我感觉自己像个小孩子。Mylegsfeellikecottonwool.我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。（2）“想要……”。后接代词、名词或动名词。例如：Doyoufeellikesomefishforsupper?晚饭你想吃些鱼吗？Ifeellikedoingsomethingdifferenttoday.我今天想要做点别的事情。Idon’tfeellikecooking.Let’seatout.我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。Hesleptbadlyanddidn’tfeellikeeating.他睡眠很差并且不想吃东西。（3）Itfeelslike…句型可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像要……，似乎是……”。例如：Itfeelsliketeatime.好像喝茶的时间到了。【典例分析】1.Theoldmanhasabadstomach,andhedoesn'tfeellike________anythingthesedays.A.toeat B.eating C.eaten D.tobeeaten要点4let…downlet…down（1）意为“使…失望或沮丧”。例如：Theteamfeltthattheyhadletthecoachdown．队员们觉得他们让教练失望了。Hewon’tletyoudown；he’sveryreliable．他不会让你失望的，他很靠得住。（2）意为“放下”。例如：Pleaseletdowntheblinds．请把百叶窗放下。（3）意为“慢下来；松懈”。例如：Thehorseletdownneartheendoftheraceandlost．那匹马在近终点时慢了下来，所以输了。Don’tletdownevenifthegoingisgood．即使在顺利的情况下也不要松劲。【注意】down是副词，当代词做宾语时，要放在let和down中间且用宾格形式。例如：Failingintheexamletshimdown.考试没及格让他非常沮丧。【典例分析】1.Youcan'tletyourteacher________again，oryouwillbe________school.A.down；kickedoff B.off；kickingawayC.off；kickedaway D.down；kickingoff2.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

=It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

=It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

3.Monatriesherbesttostudyhardinordernotto______herparents______.A.keep,down B.cut,down C.put,down D.let,down要点5spend“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）词汇用法spend主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.spendtime/moneyonsth.在....上花费时间/金钱2.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间/金钱做某事cost主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sthcosts(sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”take后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1.“Ittakessb+时间+todosth”做某事花费某人多少时间。2.“doingsthtakessb+时间”做某事花费某人多少时间。pay主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.pay(sb)moneyforsth.为...付钱（给某人）2.payforsth.付....的钱3.payforsb.替某人付钱4.paysb.付钱给某人。【典例分析】一、单项选择：1.It______________metwoweekstofinishreadingthenovelwrittenbyGuoJingming.A.spent B.took C.paid D.cost2.ThenewTshirt_______________mefiftyyuan.A.spent B.took C.paid D.cost3.He___________twentyyuanforthebook.A.paid B.took C.cost D.spent 4.Iusually____________twohoursonmyhomeworkeveryday.A.spend B.pay C.cost D.take5.Jackusually__________anhour___________hishomework. A.takes,todoB.pays,fordoing C.spends,ondoingD.spends,doing6.Lucyspendsonehundredyuan___________bookseverymonth. A.on B.in C.with D.of7.LittleTomusuallyspendshisfreetime___________somereadingathome. A.do B.doing C.ondoing D.todo8.IttookLucytwodays___________drawingthisbeautifulpicture. A.tofinish B.infinishing C.finishing D.finish9.Asmile____________nothing,butgivesmuch.A.costsB.spendsC.costD.spend【答案】A句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb.spendsomemoney/sometimeon/doingsth.二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。1、It______________meaboutanhourtodomyhomeworkeveryday.2、I______________anhourcleaningmyofficeyesterday.3、Thisheavycoat______________me500yuan.4、I______________50yuanforthedictionaryyesterdayafternoon.5、I______________twohoursonthismathsproblem.Atlast,Iworkeditout.三、完成句子。1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。They__________twoyears_____________________thisbridge.2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。___________________themthreeyears__________buildthisroad.3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。________________usthirtyminutes_______________fromheretothestation.4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。Ittookmetwohours______________________theposition.5、我花三千元买了这部。________________3,000yuan__________themobilephone.要点6neither...nor...neither...nor...是固定结构，意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都否定。例如：It’sneithercoldnorhot.天气既不冷也不热。Heneitherknowsnorcareswhathappened.他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or…这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。（1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如：Shewasbothtiredandhungry.她又累又饿。HespeaksbothEnglishandFrench.他既说英语又说法语。（2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如：Hemustbeeithermadordrunk.他不是疯了就是醉了。Youcaneitherwriteorphonetorequestacopy.你可以写信可打来索取一本。（3）notonly…..butalso★notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，notonly可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。Notonlyisheclever,butalsoheishardworking.【注意】以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如：EitheryouorIamwrong.不是你错就是我错。Neitherhenorshewasathome.他和她都不在家。BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。【典例分析】1.—Whichshowdoyouprefer,RunningManorTheReader?—TheReader,ofcourse.________I________mybrotherlikesit.A.Both;andB.Neither;norC.Either;orD.Notonly;butalso2.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher________invited.A.wasB.wereC.amD.are3.—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshoes?—Theydon'tfitme.Theyare________toobig________toosmall.A.notonly…butalso… B.neither…nor… C.either…or… D.prefer…to…4.Hespeaks_________English_______French.Instead,hespeaksGerman.A.either;or B.notonly;butalsoC.both;and D.neither;nor5.完成句子notonly…..butalsoneither……noreither……orboth……and1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。Atschoolteachersteachus_________________knowledge______________howtobegood.2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。__________he___________I______________________thefilmyet.3.只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。Thereisonlyoneticket.________Jack________youwillgotothefashionshow.4.肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。_________Kent_________thechildrenwantedtogotothezoo.5,John和Peter在电影院看见Jolie时，都很吃惊_______________John______________Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema._______John______Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema.6,只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。Thereisonlyoneseat,________you_______Icango.要点7hard和hardlyhardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。（1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。例如：Thisgroundistoohardtodig.这块地太硬，挖不动。Iworkhardatschool.我在学校努力学习。Theytriedhardtosucceed.他们努力工作，以求得成功。【拓展】hard组成的常见词组有：workhardat…“努力于……”；（hard作副词）behardonsb.对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉。（hard作形容词）。例如：HeisworkinghardatEnglish.他正在努力学习英语。Agoodbossknowswhentobehardonhisemployees.一个精明的老板知道何时应对员工严格要求。（2）hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almostnot，并非hard的副词形式。例如：Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft.=There’salmostnocoffeeleft.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。【典例分析】1.—Ihavesometroubleinlearningmaths.—Takeiteasy,becausewecan__________avoidmeetingproblemsinstudy.

A.always B.usuallyC.often D.hardly2.Itrained______.Peoplecould_______goout.A.hardly,hardly B.hard,hardlyC.hardly,hard D.hard,hard3.Itis______forhimtogettoschoolontime,becauseitisraining______.A.hard;hardly B.hardly;hard C.hard;hardD.hardly hardly 4.Thebossishard______hisworkers.Hehaskickedsomeofthem______forsomesmallmistakes.A.at,at B.at,from C.on,off D.on,away5.Theboyisverynaughty,Soyoumust__________him.A.behardon B.becloseto C.befriendswith D.begoodfor要点8disappointed的用法disappointed作形容词,意为“感到失望的;沮丧的”。常用搭配:bedisappointedwith/insb.“对某人感到失望”;bedisappointedat/aboutsth.“对某事/某一行为感到失望”;bedisappointedtodosth.“对做某事感到失望”。例如:Theteacherwasverydisappointedwithus.老师对我们很失望。Hewasdisappointedat/abouttheresult.他对这个结果很失望。Hewasdisappointedtohearthenews.听到这个消息他很失望。辨析disappointed与disappointingdisappointed意为“感到失望的”,主语通常是人,表示人的一种感受。disappointing意为“令人失望的”,通常修饰事物,表示事物的一种特点或给人的一种感觉。【拓展】英语中，带ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：exciting令人兴奋的boring令人厌烦的moving令人感动的excited（人）感到兴奋的bored（人）感到厌烦的moved（人）感动的tiring令人厌倦的surprising令人惊讶的tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的surprised（人）感到惊讶的【典例分析】1.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

=It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

=It’snoteasyforparentstoraiseus,andweshouldn’t.

2.Weareallvery____________（disappoint）,becausetheresultistoo__________（disappoint）.3.—Iwasvery__________becauseourschoolvolleyballteamdidn'tetothefinal.

—Victoryanddefeatarethemonthingsofmen.A.patient B.excited C.careful D.disappointed4Ifailedtheexam．What_________news!Myparentssaidthattheywere_________atmygrades．A.disappointing；disappointingB.disappointing；disappointedC.disappointed；disappointedD.disappointed；disappointing5.Mr.Wangisan_______man.Heis__________intellingjokes.A.interesting,interestedB.interested,interestingC.interesting,interestingD.interested,interested要点9besidesbesidesadv.而且besides作副词，意为“而且”，引出另一种情况，以作补充。可用于句首、句尾，也可用于句中常用逗号隔开。It'stoolatetogooutnow.Besides,it'sgoingtorain.现在出去太晚了。而且要下雨了。【辨析】except、exceptfor与besidesexcept：“除…之外”，后面的内容不包括在内exceptfor：“除…之外”，说明整体基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，表示“美中不足的是…”besides：“除…之外还有…”，后面的内容包括在内【典例分析】1.Janewasquitealoneintheworld＿＿＿＿anauntinBrazil.A.exceptB.exceptforC.besidesD.insteadof2.Wegotoschooleveryday_____SaturdayandSunday.A.beside B.besides C.except D.exceptfor3.Allthestudentswenttotheparkyesterday_________Eric.Hehadtolookafterhissisterathome.A.between B.except C.beside D.with4.Whatotherlanguagesdoyoulike______English?IalsolikeFrenchandJanpanese.A.except B.besides C.beside D.but5.besides,except,exceptfor和but填空1）Hehasnobody_____himselftoblameforthat.2）TheyallwenttotheSummerPalace_____one.3）Youressayiswellwritten_____oneortwominorgrammaticalmistakes.4）_____hiswife,hisdaughteralsowenttoseehim.5）Smithisagoodman,______hisgoodmanners.要点10couragecouragen.勇敢；勇气courage名词，意为“勇敢；勇气”，havecouragetodosth.意为“有勇气做某事”。【例句】Heshowedgreatcourageanddetermination.他表现得十分勇敢和果断。【拓展】encourage作动词，意为“鼓励；支持”。常用搭配：encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事。Herfirstsuccessencouragedher(work)evenharder.她的首次成功鼓励她更加努力地工作。【典例分析】1.我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。Ms.Wangalways___________________________speakEnglishinclass。2.Tomisshy,buthespokeinfrontoftheclassthismorning.Whatgreat_____heshowed!A.willB.funC.prideD.courage3.Hiscoachencouragedhim________thepetition.A.enterB.enteredC.enteringD.toenter4.Janeisashygirl.Shedoesn’thavethe______tospeaktostrangers.A.chance B.thought C.courage D.decision要点11agreement的用法1.agreement作名词,意为“同意;协定;协议”。常用短语inagreement意为“持相同意见”。若表示“与某人意见一致”时,后面接介词with,即inagreementwithsb.。但表示“在某方面意见一致”时,应接介词on或upon,即inagreementon/uponsth.。例如:Myteachernoddedinagreement.我的老师同意地点了点头。Heisinagreementwithyouonthatpoint.在那一点上,他与你意见一致。2.agreement的动词形式为agree,意为“答应;同意”。用法如下:(1)agreetodosth.意为“同意做某事”。例如:Heagreedtohelpus.他同意帮助我们。(2)agreewithsb.意为“同意某人的意见”。例如:Hedidn’tagreewithus.他不同意我们的意见。(3)agreetosth.意为“同意某事”,to后面一般接表示计划、建议、办法等的名词。【典例分析】1Areyouin_______________(agree)abouttheprice?2.—WouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithusthisSunday?—I'dloveto,butIhavetogetmyparents'________first.A.agreementB.surpriseC.offerD.share3.用agreewith和agreeto填空1)Thefooddoesnot_____________me.2)He_______________theplan.3)We______________leaveearly.4)I_____________whatyousay.要点12weigh(1)weigh表示“称……的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。例如：Heweighedthefish.他称了这条鱼。Doyouoftenweighyourself?你经常称体重吗?Heweighs60kilos.他体重60公斤。Themeatweighsfivepounds.这肉重五磅。 【拓展】（1）weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：What’syourweight?你体重是多少？（2）比较：byweight和inweightbyweight表示“按重量”，inweight表示“重量上”。例如：Dotheychargecarriagebyweight?他们是按重量收取运费吗?It’ssmallerinsizebutgreaterinweight.它体积比较小，但分量比较重。(3)常用于以下表达中：=1\*GB3①What’stheweightof...?意为“……的重量是多少？”－What’stheweightoftheelephant?大象多重？－I’venoidea.我不知道。=2\*GB3②puton/loseweight意为“长胖/减肥”Youcandomoreexercisetoloseweight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。【典例分析】1.用weight和weigh填空1）Please____________theapples.2）Howmuchdoestheelephant__________?3)Itis46metershighand___________229tons.4)Thecar___________abouttwotons.5)whatisthebag's___________?2.Howheavyareyou?(同义改写)=What’s___________________?=__________________doyou__________3.—Howmuchdoesayoungpanda________?—Its________canbe35kilograms.A.weigh;weightB.weigh;weighC.weight;weightD.weight;weigh4.You'dbetternoteattoomuchfastfood,suchaspotatochipsandhamburgers,ifyoudon'twanttoputon______.A.wealthB.weightC.power D.fame要点13beworriedabout为……担忧【解析】beworriedabout意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。Weareallworriedaboutherhealth.我们都为她的健康担忧。【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worryabout意为“担心”，强调动作。Don'tworryabouther.Shecanpassthetestbecauseshestudieshard.不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。【典例分析】1.我很担心我弟弟。I_____________________________mybrother.I___________________mybrother.2.Itwasgettingtoodark.Lisadidn'tarrivehome.Herparentswere________hersafety.A.relaxedabout B.excitedaboutC.worriedabout D.busywith要点14giveupgiveup意为“放弃”，giveupdoingsth.意为“放弃做某事”，giveup后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。【典例分析】1．—SongJoongkiisamoviestarinAsianow.—That'strue.Hewasonceanexcellentskaterbuthadto________skatingbecauseofanaccident.A.giveup B.setupC.takeupD.putup2.AndreaBowillnever______,whichmakeshimasuccessfulsinger.A.takesawayB.givesawayC.getsupD.givesup3—It’stoohardformetobeatrailwalker.—Never______.Believeinyourself!A.putup B.giveupC.hurryup D.lookup4.InthesongIBetMyLife,theUSrockbandImagineDragontellspeopleneverto______catchingtheirdreams.A.giveup B.giveoutC.givein D.giveoff5.我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。Mybrotherhasdecidedto__________________________________.要点15“so+adj.+that.…”结构，表示“如此…以至于…”，that引导结果状语从句。Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.这个男孩太小，不能上学。【辨析】so…that.与such…that..so...that，such...that与sothatso…..that引导结果状语从句常用结构有：so+adj./adv.+that从句；so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句such...that引导结果状语从句常用结构有：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句；such+adj.+可数名词复数+that从such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句sothat既可引导目的状语，也可引导结果状语从句引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can/could/would/should等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，意为“因此；所以“，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句在sothat前可以用逗号【典例分析】1.—WhatdoyouthinkofthenewmovieWanderingEarth（《流浪地球》）?—It’s____wonderfulIreallylikeit.A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to2.Hehastoearnlotsofmoney_____hecanbuyhischildrennicefoodandclothes.A.sothatB.suchthatC.thatD.inorder3.SantaishanForestParkis__________beautifulthatithasbeeahottouristattraction.（2019，江苏宿迁卷）A.so B.very C.such D.quite4.I’vehad_______manyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very5.Thecamerais_______expensive_______Ican’taffordit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to6.Itwas______yesterdaythattheywentoutforapicnic.asuchfinedayB.suchafinedayC.soafinedayD.asofineday7.Jimissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.(改为同义句)①Jimis__________young__________lookafterhimself.Jimis__________old____________________lookafterhimself.要点16本句属于“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”结构，表示“越…….越.……”.前一个分句作状语，表示假条件、时间等，后一个分句表示结果。Themoreheeats,theheavierhewillbe.他吃得越多，就会越胖。【拓展】（1)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越…”表示事物的逐渐递进。Whenspringes,theweathergetswarmerandwarmer.当春天到来时，天气变得越来越暖和。（2）多音节或部分双音节的形容词或副词表达“越来越..…”时，用“moreandmore+形容词或副词的原级”结构。Ourcityisbeingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。【典例分析】1_______________youare,_______________mistakesyouwillmake.A.Thecareful;thefew B.Morecareful;fewerC.Themorecareful;thefewer D.Themostcareful;thefewest2.The________youstudyatyourlessons,the________gradesyouwillget.A.hard;goodB.harder;goodC.hard;betterD.harder;better3.CanyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?—It’sverysimple._______youwork，_______gradesyouwillget.A.Theharder；thebestB.Thehard：thebetterC.Harder；betterD.Theharder；thebetter4.—Youshouldn'teattoomuchjunkfood.It'sbadforyourhealth.—You'reright.________junkfoodIeat,________Iwillbe.A.Theless；thehealthier B.Theless；thehealthyC.Themore；thehealthier D.Themore；thehealthy要点17toone'ssurpriseandrelief意为“令某人吃惊和欣慰的是”toone'ssurprise意为“令某人吃惊的是”toone'srelief意为“令某人欣慰的是”。例:Tohissurprise,thelostpencilisinhispencilbox.使他吃惊的是，那支丢了的铅笔就在他的铅笔盒里。ToMr.Li'srelief,hissonkissedhischeek.让李先生感到欣慰的是，儿子亲吻了他的脸颊。知识拓展1.toone’s+表示情绪的名词(如pleasure,surprise等)”表示“令某人......的是”通常用作插入语，放在句首，用逗号与其他部分隔开2.in/withsurprise/relief意为“惊奇地/欣慰地”，用作状语例:Billlookedatmeinsurprise.比尔诧异地看着我。【典例分析】1.______hissurprise,histeammatesallnodded______agreement.A.To,to B.For,with C.To,in D.With,with要点18lately副词，“最近、近来”，相当于recently。如：Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?Late,later,latest,lately辨析：late是形容词、副词。意为“晚的”。如：Heisalwayslate.Heeslate.latest是late的最高级，最晚的，最新的。如：Thisisthelatestnewslater是late的比较级，较晚的，更迟的；也可以作为副词，后来，稍后，一会。如：Igetupat10,heislaterthanme,at11!Tryagainlater稍后再打【典例分析】1.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe________newsaboutthewar？A.latelyB.latestC.laterD.later2.用late，lately，later，latest，latter填空1)Ihaven'theardofhim________.What'shappened?2)Thathappenedinthe________1870s.3)Hereturnedthreedays________thanexpected.4)Whichdoyouprefer,theformerorthe________?5)Hereisthe________newsfromthefront.要点19besureabout①.besureabout/(of)……（名词/doingsth）：对……确信，有把握②.besuretodosth：一定，务必，确信去坐某事③.besure+(that)从句：我确信，我肯定会……【典例分析】1.Theyareallsure_________________winningthefootballmatch.A.of B.with C.to D.for2.我确信他会来。I________________________________hising.要点20drivev.迫使drive是及物动词，意为“迫使”，其过去式和过去分词形式分别为drove和driven。drivesb.crazy/mad使某人发疯/发狂drivesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事（尤指不好的事情）Stickinginatrafficjamduringtherushhourdrovehercrazy/mad.在交通高峰期被困使她抓狂。【拓展】drive的其他相关用法：drivev.驾驶；开车n.驱车旅行；驾车路程drivern.驾驶员【典例分析】1.—What’swrongwithyou?—WhatBobdidlikethisreally________mecrazy.A.drives B.lets C.allows D.remains【重点短语】1．makemesleepy使我困倦2．drivesb.crazy/mad使……发疯/发狂3．themore…themore…越……越……4．befriendswithsb.成为某人的朋友5．feelleftout感觉被忽视6．don'tfeellikeeating不想吃东西7．fornoreason毫无理由8．neither…nor…既不……也不……9．takeone'sposition替代某人的职位10．tostartwith起初；开始时11．remainunhappyforever永远不幸福12.getgoodgradesonanexam在考试中取得好成绩13.getintoafightwithyourbestfriend与你最好的朋友发生争吵14.nodinagreement点头同意15.pulltogether齐心协力16．missscoringthegoal错过进球17．let…down使……失望18．kicksb.off开除19．supporteachother相互支持20．ratherthan而不是【重点句子】1．—I'drathergotoBlueOceanbecauseIliketolistentoquietmusicwhileI'meating.我更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅，因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。—Butthatmusicmakesmesleepy.但那种音乐使我困倦。2．WaitingforAmydroveTinacrazy.等候埃米使蒂娜发狂。3．ThemoviewassosadthatitmadeTinaandAmycry.这部电影是如此悲伤以至于蒂娜和埃米都哭了。4．Sadmoviesdon'tmakeJohncry.Theyjustmakehimwanttoleavequickly.悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭。它们只能使他想尽快离开。5．Hefoundnothingwrongwithhisbody.他发现他身体没任何毛病。6．It'sallinhismind.Neithermedicinenorrestcanhelphim.全是他的思想问题。药和休息都不能帮助他。7．AlthoughIhavealotofpower，itdoesn'tmakemehappy.尽管我有很大的权力，但它并不能使我高兴。8．Ihavealotofwealth，butI'malwaysworriedaboutlosingmymoney.我有许多财富，但我总是担心失去我的钱。9．Thegeneralfindsahappypersonwithpowerandmoney.将军找到了一位既有权又有钱的快乐人。10.Thegeneralrealizesheisahappypersonandgiveshisshirttothekingtowear.将军意识到他就是一个快乐的人并把他的衬衫脱下给国王穿。11．Whatmadethepoormansohappyeventhoughhehadnopower，moneyorfame？是什么使这位穷人即使没权、没钱也没名誉还如此高兴？12．Doyouagreewiththepoorman'sthoughtsabouthappiness？你同意那位穷人关于快乐的想法吗？13．Hefeltliketherewasaheavyweightonhisshouldersashewalkedhomealone.当他独自步行回家时，他感觉肩头好像压着沉重的担子。14．Theotherhalfislearninghowtomunicatewithyourteammatesandlearningfromyourmistakes.另一半是学会如何与你的队友交流并从错误中学习。15．Peterdidn'tsayanything，butwhathisfathersaidmadehimthinkcarefully.彼得什么都没说，但他父亲的话使他认真地思考。16．Thenextday，Peterwenttosoccerpracticewithcourageratherthanfearinhisheart.第二天，彼得心里带着勇气而不是恐惧去参加足球训练。17．Ithinkifwecontinuetopulltogether，we'regoingtowinthenextone.我认为如果我们继续齐心协力，下次一定能赢。18．Itmadehimfeelluckytoknowthathewasonawinningteam.知道他在一支必胜的球队里，使他感到幸运。19．Whatdidyoulearnfromtheexperience？你从这次经历中学到了什么？20．Fameisnotveryimportant.Itcanmakemenervousiftoomanypeoplefollowmearound.名誉并不是很重要，如果太多的人跟在我周围它会使我感到紧张。知识要点二：语法知识要点二：语法知识要点二语法使役动词make的用法make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下：一、“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让某人/某物(成为)……”。如：Wemadehimcaptainofourfootballteam.我们推选他作我们足球队队长。Wemadehimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。二、“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使某人/某事(变得)……”。如：Thenewsthatourteamhadwonmadeusveryhappy.我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。Wemustmaketheriversclean.我们必须净化河水。友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如：Imadeitaconditionthateverybodymustbeontime.我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。Theheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforustogoout.大雨使得我们无法出去。三、“make＋宾语＋dosth.（不带to的不定式）”意为“使某人做某事”。如:Whatmakesthegrassgrow?什么东西使得草生长？Ourteachermakesusfeelmoreconfident.老师使得我们感到更自信了。友情提示：在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式to要还原。如：Theboywasmadetoworktwelvehoursaday.这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。EverydayIammadetohaveaneggandsomemilk.我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋，喝一些牛奶。相关链接：have,make,let等使役动词和see,hear,listento,lookat,watch,notice,observe等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to,也可不带to。如：Lethimdowhateverhewishestodo.他想干什么就让他干吧。Didyouseehimgoout?你看见他出去了吗？Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。四、“make＋宾语＋Ｖed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使某人/某事被……”。如：Thestrangenoisemadeusfrightened.奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。Thegoodnewsmadeusexcited.这个好消息使我们兴奋。友情提示：通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：makeoneself＋Ved（heard,known,understood）。如：