2023-2024学年重庆市七校高一上学期开学联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆市七校2023-2024学年高一上学期开学联考英语试题第I卷(共95分)I.听力测试。(略)II.语法选择。(每小题1分，共10分)Davidis____1____11-year-oldboyandheiscrazyaboutspace.Healwayswondershowspacestationworks.Forhim,aspacecampis____2____thananyothercampintheworld.Attheageofsix,Davidhad____3____firstastronauttrainingexperience.Heandhisparents____4____toafamilyspacecamp.Theyhadatasteofwhatitwasliketotravel____5____space.Everythingwasmagical.____6____excitedDavidwas!Davidhasbeentomanyspacecampsoverthelastfiveyears.Lastmonth,hewenttoanewspacecamp.Ithadalotoffuntrainingprograms____7____heenjoyedallofthemthere.Therehewasoftenasked____8____helikesspacecampssomuch.“Ifeellikearealastronautinthespacecamp,andIdon’tevenneed____9____theearth.”hesaid.Theseexperienceshaveinfluencedhislife.NowDavidhasmadehisdecision_____10_____spacescienceincollege.Hewantstobeaspaceengineerinthefuture.1.A.a B.an C.the2.A.great B.greater C.thegreatest3.A.he B.him C.his4.A.invited B.areinvited C.wereinvited5.A.on B.in C.for6.A.How B.What C.Whatan7.A.or B.but C.and8.A.why B.when C.where9.A.leave B.leaving C.toleave10.A.study B.tostudy C.studying〖答案〗1.B2.B3.C4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了11岁男孩大卫的太空梦。【1题详析】考查冠词用法辨析。句意：大卫是一个11岁的男孩，他对太空非常着迷。A.a一个(不定冠词)；B.an一个(不定冠词)；C.the这个(定冠词)。可数名词boy在句中表示“一个男孩”，泛指，11-year-old发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故选B项。【2题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，太空营比世界上任何其他营地都重要。A.great大的(原级)；B.greater更大的(比较级)；C.thegreatest最大的(最高级)。根据空格后“thananyothercamp”可知，句中使用了比较级，用形容词比较级greater。故选B项。【3题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：六岁时，大卫第一次参加了宇航员训练。A.he他(主格)；B.him他(宾格)；C.his他的(形容词性物主代词)。大卫参加了“他的”第一次宇航员训练，用形容词性物主代词his，作定语。故选C项。【4题详析】考查被动语态辨析。句意：他和他的父母被邀请参加一个家庭太空夏令营。A.invited邀请(过动式/过去分词)；B.areinvited被邀请(一般现在时被动语态)；C.wereinvited被邀请(一般过去时被动语态)。根据句意，invite和主语“Heandhisparents”之间是被动关系，且讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去进的被动语态。故选C项。【5题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们尝到了太空旅行的滋味。A.on在……上面；B.in在……里面；C.for为了。“在太空中”用inspace。故选B项。【6题详析】考查感叹句。句意：大卫是多么兴奋啊!A.How怎样；B.What什么；C.Whatan多么。空格处引导感叹句，空格后是形容词，用副词how构成感叹句。故选A项。【7题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那里有很多有趣的培训项目，他都很喜欢。A.or或者；B.but但是；C.and和。“Ithadalotoffuntrainingprograms”和“heenjoyedallofthemthere”之间是顺承关系，用连词and连接。故选C项。【8题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么这么喜欢太空夏令营。A.why为什么；B.when什么时候；C.where在哪里。下文大卫回答了他喜欢太空夏令营的原因，所以问的是他“为什么”喜欢，用副词why引导宾语从句。故选A项。【9题详析】考查动词用法辨析。句意：我觉得自己就像一个真正的宇航员在太空营地，我甚至不需要离开地球。A.leave离开(动词原形)；B.leaving离开(现在分词)；C.toleave离开(不定式)。根据don’tevenneed可知need是实义动词，后接不定式作宾语。故选C项。【10题详析】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：现在大卫已经决定在大学里学习空间科学。A.study学习(动词原形)；B.tostudy学习(不定式)；C.studying学习(现在分词)。“studyspacescienceincollege”是大学里要去做的事情，用不定式作后置定语，表示目的和将来。故选B项。II.完形填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)Haveyoueverpaidattentiontoyourschoolguards?Wouldyousay“goodmorning”tothecleaners?ForhighschoolstudentDingJiacheng,itisa____11____thatmanystudentshaven’trealizedtheimportanceofjobsdonebythisnon-teachingstaff.Hewantedtosolveitandmakea____12____.TheboyfromHangzhouEntelForeignLanguageSchool,togetherwithseveralotherstudents,____13____aprojectcalled“TheInvisible(隐形的)AreImportant”.Theyhopedmorestudentswouldrespectthe“invisible”staffintheschool.TheprojectwonaprizeatChinaThinksBig,acompetitionheldbyHarvardandTsinghuaUniversityto____14____teenagerstostudysocialmatters.“MyteammembersandIsentquestionnairesto158students,saidDing.“Inonequestion,56%ofstudentssaidtheywouldgreetthosenon-teachingworkers,____15____only17%stronglybelievethateverystudentshoulddoso.”Theteamalsodidresearchontheinteraction(互动)betweenstudentsandworkers.“Moststudentsfollowtherulesoftheirteachers.However,one-thirdofstudentsgo____16____therulesofthedormitory(宿舍)workers,”saidDing.“Itshowsthatstudentstreatnon-teachingstaff____17____fromteachingstaff.”Themainreason,accordingtoDing,isthatstudentsknow____18____abouttheworkdonebynon-teachingstaff.Theyalsohavefewchancestocommunicatewiththem.SoDing’steammadevideostoshowthestaffworkingintheschool.Theyalsoheldabasketballmatchbetweenstudentsandnon-teachingstafftoincrease____19____interaction.“Theactivityhelpedmeunderstandthatwecanallhavea_____20_____influencethroughourcreativeideas,”Dingsaid.11.A.fact B.problem C.question D.suggestion12.A.wish B.chance C.decision D.change13.A.puton B.dealtwith C.workedon D.talkedabout14.A.encourage B.order C.allow D.punish15.A.because B.when C.or D.while16.A.for B.with C.against D.to17.A.happily B.seriously C.quickly D.differently18.A.much B.little C.something D.everything19.A.their B.our C.your D.his20.A.kind B.great C.bad D.dark〖答案〗11.B12.D13.C14.A15.D16.C17.D18.B19.A20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了杭州恩德外国语学校的高中生丁佳成和同学一起致力于“隐形人很重要”这一项目，帮助增加学生和非教学人员之间的理解与互动，让学生意识到这些非教学人员所做工作的重要性。【11题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于高中生丁佳成来说，很多学生都没有意识到这些非教学人员所做工作的重要性，这是一个问题。A.fact事实；B.problem问题；C.question提问；D.suggestion建议。根据下文“manystudentshaven’trealizedtheimportanceofjobsdonebythisnon-teachingstaff.”和“Hewantedtosolveitandmake”可知。丁佳成意识到这是一个问题，所以才想解决它。故选B项。【12题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想解决这个问题，做出改变。A.wish希望；B.chance机会；C.decision决定；D.change改变。根据上文“Hewantedtosolveit”可知，丁佳成想解决问题，想做出改变。故选D项。【13题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个来自杭州恩德外国语学校的男孩和其他几个同学一起致力于一个名为“隐形人很重要”的项目。A.puton穿上；B.dealtwith处理；C.workedon致力于；D.talkedabout谈论。根据句中“aprojectcalled‘TheInvisible(隐形的)AreImportant’”和下文“TheprojectwonaprizeatChinaThinksBig”可知，这是丁佳成和其他几个同学一起致力于的项目，他们付出了心血。故选C项。【14题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该项目在哈佛大学和清华大学举办的鼓励青少年学习社会问题的竞赛“中国大智慧”中获奖。A.encourage鼓励；B.order命令；C.allow允许；D.punish惩罚。结合常识和上文“acompetitionheldbyHarvardandTsinghuaUniversity”与下文“teenagerstostudysocialmatters.”可推知，清华大学举办这样的比赛是为了鼓励青少年研究社会问题。故选A项。【15题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在一个问题中，56%的学生表示他们会问候那些非教学工作者，然而只有17%的学生强烈认为每个学生都应该这样做。A.because因为；B.when当……时；C.or或者；D.while然而。根据上文“56%ofstudentssaid”和下文“only17%stronglybelieve”可知，上下文是对比关系。故选D项。【16题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：然而，三分之一的学生不配合宿舍员工的规定。A.for为了；B.with和……一起；C.against反对，违背；D.to到……。根据句子“However”可知，上下文有转折关系。上文说学生遵守老师的规定，下文应为学生不遵守宿舍员工的规定，构成转折关系。goagainst“违背，反对”。故选C项。【17题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这表明学生对待非教学人员和教学人员是不同的。A.happily高兴地；B.seriously严重地；C.quickly迅速地；D.differently不同地。根据上文可知，学生遵守老师的规定，但不遵守宿舍员工的规定，所以，学生对待非教学人员和教学人员的态度是不同的。故选D项。【18题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：丁教授表示，主要原因是学生对非教学人员所做的工作知之甚少。A.much许多；B.little少许；C.something一些东西；D.everything所有东西。根据下文“SoDing’steammadevideostoshowthestaffworkingintheschool.”可知，学生对非教学人员所做的工作知之甚少，所有才需要制作了视频来展示非教学人员的工作。故选B项。【19题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：他们还举办了一场学生和非教学人员之间的篮球比赛，以增加他们的互动。A.their他们的；B.our我们的；C.your你的；D.his他的。根据上文“abasketballmatchbetweenstudentsandnon-teachingstaff”可知，篮球比赛是为了增加学生和非教学人员之间的互动，是“他们”之间的互动。故选A项。【20题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个活动让我明白，我们都可以通过我们的想法产生巨大的影响。A.kind善良的；B.great巨大的；C.bad坏的；D.dark黑暗的。根据上文可知，丁佳成和其他几个同学一起致力于“隐形人很重要”这一项目，帮助增加学生和非教学人员之间的理解与互动，让学生意识到这些非教学人员所做工作的重要性，这是有意义的事情。由此推知，他们的想法会产生巨大的影响。故选B项。IV.阅读理解(41-43小题，每小题1分，44-59小题，每小题2分，共35分)A21.Wecanlearntomakeapaperfromthepictureabove.A.boat B.panda C.hat D.monkey22.WhichstepisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Foldinhalf. B.Foldincorners.C.Pullpapersidesapart. D.Draweyesonthepaper.23.ThematerialisprobablyfromA.atravelwebsite B.abookonDIYC.ahistorybook D.adiary〖答案〗21.A22.D23.B【语篇解读】本文属于应用文。文章通过表格和图片介绍了制作纸船的步骤。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中的“Howtomakeapaperboat?(如何制作纸船)”以及步骤10可知，我们可以从上面的图片中学习制作纸船。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“1.Foldinhalf.(1.对折。)和3.Foldincorners.(3.折成角。)和7.Pullsidesapartandflatten.(把两边拉开，拉平。)”可知，折纸船的步骤包括选项A，B，C。D项在文章中未提及。故选D。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据表格中的标题“Howtomakeapaperboat?(如何制作纸船？)”以及图片展示的制作纸船的步骤，可知本文是介绍如何制作纸船，可推知本文可能来自于一本关于DIY的书。故选B。BSpringisafineseason.Itlightsuppeople’smoodsandbringshope.Whenyoubatheinthewarmspringbreeze(微风),whatcomesintoyourmind?Let’sseewhatMengHaoranfromChinaandWilliamBlakefromtheUKwroteaboutspring.24.Accordingtothepassagespringis.A.silent B.useless C.boring D.hopeful25.TheweatheratnightinthefirstmaterialisA.sunny B.rainy C.snowy D.cloudy26.Thetwowritersbothmentionedtodescribetheseason.A.flowers B.fruit C.sky D.birds27.Whatkindofwritingisthepassage?A.Stories. B.Novels. C.Poems. D.Fictions.〖答案〗24.D25.B26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自中国的孟浩然和英国的威廉·布莱克描写春天的两首诗。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Itlightsuppeople’smoodsandbringshope.(它照亮了人们的心情，带来了希望。)”描述了春天能给人们带来希望，可知春天是充满希望的。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据ASpringMorning中的“Afteronenightofwindandshowers(夜来风雨声)”，可知当时的天气是下雨和起风的。故选B。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据ASpringMorning中的“Nottoawaketillbirdsarecrying.(处处闻啼鸟。)”可知，在本诗中描写到了鸟；根据Spring中的“Birdsdelight.(鸟儿高兴。)”可知，在威廉·布莱克的诗中也描述了鸟。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Let’sseewhatMengHaoranfromChinaandWilliamBlakefromtheUKwroteaboutspring.(让我们来看看中国的孟浩然和英国的威廉·布莱克是怎么写春天的。)以及表格中的形式”可知，这是两首诗歌。故选C。CLong,longago,rainstoppedfallinginChina.Thepeopleprayed(祈祷)forraintotheJadeEmperor,whocontrolledeverythinginheaven(天庭),onthelandandinthesea,butnomatterhowmuchtheyprayed,raindidnotfall.FourdragonsintheEastChinaSeasawwhatwashappening,andsawpeopleeatinggrassfromtheground,forthepeoplehadnothingelselefttoeat.Theythoughtofawaytohelp.Theystartedswimmingthiswayandthat,scoopingupwaterwiththeirbodies.Thenallfourflewintothesky.BlackDragonflewtothenorth,LongDragontothewest,PearlDragontothesouthofChina,andYellowDragontothecenterofthecountry.Allatonce,theyletthewaterfallfromtheirmouths,arms,legs,andeventheirtails.Thepeoplecouldnotseethedragons,_.“Rain!”theycriedhappily,andallthepeopleandanimalsranoutintotherainandstartedtodance.WhentheJadeEmperorsawtherain,hewasveryangry.Thenhesawthefourdragonsflyingaroundinthesky.HeorderedMountainGodtokillthedragons.Whenthefourmountainslandedontopofthemandtriedtocrush(压扁)thefourdragons,astrangethinghappened.Suddenlyfourriversformed,spreadingacrossthewholecountry.Thisishowthefourgreatrivers(theYangtze,theYellow,thePearlandtheHeilongjiang)ofChinawerecreated.28.WhydidthepeopleprayJadeEmperorforrain?A.Becausehecontrolledtherain. B.Becausehehadlotsofrain.C.Becausehedidn’tallowraintofall. D.Becausetherewasmuchrainonearth.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto(指的是)?A.Thepeople. B.Therivers.C.Themountains. D.Thedragons.30.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe_?A.buttheycouldseethecloudsfromtheskyB.buttheycouldseetherainfallingfromtheskyC.buttheyknowtheJadeEmperorhelpedthemD.buttheythinktheJadeEmperorhelpedthem31.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BirthoffourChineserivers B.PunishmentfromJadeEmperorC.FourDragonsandtheRain D.JadeEmperorandFourDragons〖答案〗28.A29.D30.B31.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国四条河流的诞生的神话传说。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“ThepeopleprayedforraintotheJadeEmperor,whocontrolledeverythinginheaven,onthelandandinthesea(人们向玉皇大帝祈求雨水，玉皇大帝掌管着天上、地上和海里的一切)”可知，人们向玉皇大帝求雨的原因是他控制了雨。故选A。【29题详析】代词指代题。根据第三段的“BlackDragonflewtothenorth,LongDragontothewest,PearlDragontothesouthofChina,andYellowDragontothecenterofthecountry.Allatonce,theyletthewaterfallfromtheirmouths,arms,legs,andeventheirtails.(黑龙飞向北方，长龙飞向西方，珍珠龙飞向南方，黄龙飞向中部。突然，它们让水从嘴里、胳膊上、腿上，甚至尾巴上滴下来。)”可知，划线词they指代上文中提到的BlackDragon，LongDragon，PearlDragon和YellowDragon，因此D项（Thedragons）可以包括以上内容。故选D。【30题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段的““Rain!”theycriedhappily,andallthepeopleandanimalsranoutintotherainandstartedtodance.(“下雨了!他们高兴地叫道，所有的人和动物都跑到雨中开始跳舞。)”可知，天开始下雨了，因此B项(但是他们可以看到雨从天上落下)与空格前面的“Thepeoplecouldnotseethedragons(人们看不见龙)”连接通顺。故选B。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段的“Thisishowthefourgreatrivers(theYangtze,theYellow,thePearlandtheHeilongjiang)ofChinawerecreated.(中国的四大河流长江、黄河、珠江和黑龙江就是这样形成的。)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国四条河流的诞生的神话传说，因此A项(中国四条河流的诞生)能够准确地概括文章的大意，适合作为标题。故选A。DHaveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindasofaorunderthebed?Wouldn’titbenicetojustsqueeze(挤)inandouttogetit?Newrobotswillsoonmakethishappen.Inastudy,scientistsfromtheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShaveinventedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangeintoliquid(液体)states.Theymelted(熔化)intoliquidandmanagedtogetoutofalockedcage(笼子)duringthetests,shockingthewholescientificcommunity.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable,thescientistsgottheideafromseacucumbers(海参),whichcanchangethesoftnessoftheirbodiesandeasilyenteranyplace.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromasoftmetal,whichhasalowmeltingpointofonly30°C.Thescientistsfirstlyplacetherobotinamagneticfield(磁场).Thankstothemagneticfield,therobotcanthenbeheatedintoaliquidform,allowingittoentersomehard-to-reachplaces.Afterthat,bycontrollingthestrengthordirectionofthemagneticfield,therobotcanbemovedaroundinacontrolledmanner.Hopefully,theseliquidrobotscanbewidelyusedindifferentfieldsandwillnotdisappointus.Theycanhelptakeoutaforeignobjectfromamodelhumanstomach.ScientistscanusethemtorepairaTVsetbysqueezingthemintohard-to-reachareasinsidetheTVset.Topreventhumansfrombeingharmed,theserobotscanperformdangeroustasksinhard-to-reachenvironments,suchascleaninginnuclearpowerplants(核能发电).“Whatwe’reshowingarejustideasthatneedtobedevelopedfurther,“saidCarmelMajidiofCarnegieMellonUniversity.“Thegoalofourfutureresearchistoputtheseliquidrobotstouseinreal-lifesituationsmorequickly.Weareveryconfidentaboutachievingthisgoal.”32.Thewriterstartedthepassageby.A.askingquestions B.tellingstoriesC.givingexamples D.comparingfacts33.Theliquidrobotworksintheorderof.a.Itisheatedintoaliquidform.b.Itisputinamagneticfield.c.Themagneticfieldisusedtomoverobots.d.Itenterssomehard-to-reachplaces.A.a-c-d-b B.b-a-d-c C.a-b-c-d D.d-b-a-c34.Thispassagemainlywantstotellus.A.Whyscientistsinventedliquidrobots B.HowliquidrobotsworkinamagneticfieldC.Wheresmallliquidrobotsareinvented D.Whatliquidrobotscandonowandinthefuture35.Thepassageiswrittenina/antone(语气).A.disappointed B.humorous C.angry D.confident〖答案〗32.A33.B34.D35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一种新型液态机器人的新功能。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Haveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindasofaorunderthebed?Wouldn’titbenicetojustsqueezeinandouttogetit?(你有没有在难以到达的地方丢过东西，比如沙发后面或床下？挤进去挤出来拿不是很好吗？)”可知，作者以提问的方式开始了这篇文章。故选A。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thescientistsfirstlyplacetherobotinamagneticfield.(科学家们首先将机器人置于磁场中。)”和“therobotcanthenbeheatedintoaliquidform,allowingittoentersomehard-to-reachplaces(然后机器人可以被加热成液体，让它进入一些难以到达的地方。)”以及“Afterthat,bycontrollingthestrengthordirectionofthemagneticfield,therobotcanbemovedaroundinacontrolledmanner.(以及之后，通过控制磁场的强度或方向，机器人可以以可控的方式四处移动)”可知，液体机器人按照b-a-d-c顺序工作。故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段的“Haveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindasofaorunderthebed?Wouldn’titbenicetojustsqueezeinandouttogetit?Newrobotswillsoonmakethishappen.(你是否曾经把东西丢在难以够到的地方，比如沙发后面或床底下?挤进挤出去拿不是很好吗?新型机器人将很快实现这一目标。)”和第二段的“Theymeltedintoliquidandmanagedtogetoutofalockedcageduringthetests,shockingthewholescientificcommunity.(在测试过程中，它们融化成液体，并设法从锁着的笼子里出来，震惊了整个科学界。)”可知，文章主要讲述了液体机器人现在和未来能做什么。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thegoalofourfutureresearchistoputtheseliquidrobotstouseinreal-lifesituationsmorequickly.Weareveryconfidentaboutachievingthisgoal.(我们未来研究的目标是让这些液体机器人更快地在现实生活中使用。我们对实现这一目标充满信心。)”可知，这篇文章是以一种非常自信的语气写出来的。故选D。E①Confucianism(儒家思想)hasbeenfollowedbyChinesepeopleformorethantwothousandyears.②Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,ConfucianismteachestheFiveConstants(五常).Theseareren,yi,li,zhiandxin.Theyaregeneralvirtues(美德)aroundtheworld.Themostimportanttwoarerenandli.③Renisthefeelingofcareandloveweshouldhaveforothers.Confuciusexplainedrencouldbestbeunderstoodaslovingothers.Heisfamousforteachingpeople“Whatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself,donotdotoothers.”ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated).④Whilethemeaningofreniseasytounderstand,liisalittlehardertoexpress.Itcanbethoughtofasdutyorevenrespect.Generally,liisthewayweshouldconnectwithpeopleinoureverydaylife.InConfucianwritings,discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors(祖先).Whilerenismostlyaboutouropinionsandfeelings,liisabouthowweexpressouropinionsandfeelingstowardsothersandtowardstheworldaroundus.⑤Perhapsthemostwell-knownConfucianvirtueisxiao.Thisisthedutychildrenhavetotheirparents.Xiaomeansloving,respecting,obeyingandtakingcareofone’sparentsintheiroldage.InConfucianism,xiaoisimportantforaharmonious(和谐的)society:Withoutit,thewholeworldwouldfallintoamess.36.WhatisthebestChinesetranslationoftheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?A.博学于文，约之以礼。 B.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。C.己所不欲，勿施于人。 D.君子和而不同，小人同而不和。37.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofli?A.Buildingapeacefulsociety. B.Takingcareofone’schildren.C.Obeyingrulesfordrinkingtea. D.Learningallthroughone’slife.38.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.TotellusaboutgeneralvirtuesinConfucianism.B.ToletusknowthelonghistoryofConfucianism.C.ToshowusthenewchallengesinthedevelopmentofConfucianism.D.ToexplainthegoldenrulesinConfucianism.39.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A. B.C. D.〖答案〗36.C37.C38.A39.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了儒家思想中的“仁”“礼”“孝”的含义。【36题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线句下文“ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated).(这与西方的黄金法则(己所不欲，勿施于人)非常相似。)”可知，画线句的意思是“己所不欲，勿施于人”。故选C项。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“InConfucianwritings,discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors(祖先).(在儒家著作中，关于礼的讨论包括喝茶的正确方式和如何缅怀祖先。)”可知，遵循喝茶的规矩是礼的例子之一。故选C项。【38题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中的“Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,ConfucianismteachestheFiveConstants(五常).Theseareren,yi,li,zhiandxin.Theyaregeneralvirtues(美德)aroundtheworld.(为了帮助人们理解如何对待他人，儒家教导人们五常。他们是仁、义、礼、智、信。它们是全世界的普遍的德行。)”可推知，文章的目的是告诉我们儒家的普遍的德行。故选A项。【39题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Confucianism(儒家思想)hasbeenfollowedbyChinesepeopleformorethantwothousandyears.(儒家思想已经被中国人追随了两千多年。)”可知，第一段引出儒家思想这个话题。根据第二段“Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,ConfucianismteachestheFiveConstants(五常).(为了帮助人们理解如何对待他人，儒家教导人们五常。)可知，第二段介绍儒家的五常。根据第三段中的“Renisthefeelingofcareandloveweshouldhaveforothers.(仁是我们对他人的关心和爱。)”和第四段中的“Whilethemeaningofreniseasytounderstand,liisalittlehardertoexpress.Itcanbethoughtofasdutyorevenrespect.(仁主要是关于我们的观点和感受，而礼则是关于我们如何表达我们对他人和周围世界的观点和感觉。)”可知，第三、四段主要介绍了五常中的仁和礼。根据第五段中的“Perhapsthemostwell-knownConfucianvirtueisxiao.(也许最著名的儒家美德是孝。)”可知，本段介绍了另一美德孝。由此可知，第一段总领文章，第二段和第五段并列，第三、四段是对第二段的具体展开，因此D项符合篇章结构。故选D项。V.口语运用(每小题1分，共5分)阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。Therewasarobbery(抢劫案)atMoonApartmentslastnight.Detective(侦探)HenryistalkingwithadoormannamedJack.DetectiveHenry:Excuseme,mayIaskyousomequestions?Jack:____40____DetectiveHenry:Wereyouondutylastnight?Jack:Yes,Iwas.DetectiveHenry:____41____Jack:Theapartmentbuilding’spowerwentoffatthattime.JustasIwaswalkingtotakealook,agroupofpeoplecamein.Iwasafraidandhidintheroom.DetectiveHenry:____42____Jack:Yes,oneofthemhadblueeyesandawidemouth.DetectiveHenry:Areyousure?Jack:____43____Icouldseeitthroughthedoor.DetectiveHenry:____44____Ithinkyouareoneoftherobbers(劫匪).A.Whatwereyoudoingat11:00?B.Didyouseewhattheylookedlike?C.Sure,goahead.D.Yeah,I’mquitesure.E.You’rewelcome.F.Areyoufree?G.Youarelying.〖答案〗40.C41.A42.B43.D44.G【语篇解读】这是一篇对话。文章主要讲述了昨晚月亮公寓发生了一起抢劫案。侦探Hengry和一个叫Jack的看门人谈话，通过问话，侦探认为Jack其实是劫匪之一。【40题详析】根据前文“Excuseme,mayIaskyousomequestions?(对不起，我可以问你几个问题吗?)”可知，设空是对委婉请求的回答。选项C“Sure,goahead.(当然。进行吧。)”是对委婉请求的答语，且贴合语境。故选C项。【41题详析】根据后文“JustasIwaswalkingtotakealook,agroupofpeoplecamein.Iwasafraidandhidintheroom.(正当我走过去看的时候，一群人走了进来。我很害怕，躲在房间里。)”可知，这里在回答事发当时自己的行为，即，当时在做什么。由此可知，设空句应是问“当时在做什么”。选项A“Whatwereyoudoingat11:00?(11点的时候你在干什么?)”在句意上符合表达。故选A项。【42题详析】根据后文的答语“Yes,oneofthemhadblueeyesandawidemouth.(是的，其中一个长着蓝眼睛和大嘴巴。)”可推知，设空句应是一般疑问句，且询问外貌。选项B“Didyouseewhattheylookedlike?(你看到他们长什么样了吗?)”是一般疑问句，句意与外貌询问有关。故选B项。【43题详析】分析可知，设空句应是对一般疑问句“Areyousure?(你确定吗?)”的回答，且结合后文“Icouldseeitthroughthedoor.(我通过门就能看到。)”可知，应是肯定答语。选项D“Yeah,I’mquitesure.(是的，我很确定。)”是该句的肯定答语，用在文中，前后衔接紧密。故选D项。【44题详析】根据后文“Ithinkyouareoneoftherobbers.(我认为你是劫匪中的一个。)”可知，侦探认为Jack就是劫匪之一，由此可推知，设空句作为之前一句，应是对Jack之前话语的否定总结，即，他在说谎，才能推断出Jack是劫匪。选项G“Youarelying.(你在说谎。)”在说话语气上符合侦探的特征，且符合句意分析。故选G项。第II卷(共55分)VI.任务型阅读(65-67小题，每小题2分，68小题3分，共9分)任务型阅读Doyouhavefamilyrules?Doyouthinktheyaregoodorterrible?Frankisamiddleschoolstudent.Heisalwayshappywithhisfamilyrules.Doyouwanttoknowwhattherulesare?Takeexerciseeveryday.Onweekdays,Frankalwaysplaystenniswithhisclassmatesforhalfanhourafterschool.Andhisparentsruninthemorning.Onweekends,Frank’sfamilyoftenplaysportstogether.Leteveningtimeonlybefamilytime.Theycan’twatchTVorplaygamesafterdinner.Thefamilyusuallysitonthesofaandhaveatalk.Franklikestotalkabouthisschoolandfriends.Sometimestheytakeawalktothepark.Alwayssay“Iloveyou”and“Thankyou”.Franksays“Iloveyou”tohisparentseverymorningbeforehegoestoschoolandeverynightbeforehegoestobed.Andhisparentssayittohim,too.Whentheygethelpfromotherfamilymembers,theymustsay“Thankyou”.Franklikeseveryruleinhisfamilybecausehethinkshisfamilyruleshelphimtokeephealthy.Manystudentsdon’tlikedoingsportsbutFrankisdifferent.Heisgoodatsportsandbelookshealthy.Andtheserulesalsolethisfamilyliveahappylife.Tofollowtherules,theymustshowtheirloveandthankstoeachothereveryday.45.DoFrank’sparentssay“Iloveyou”and“Thankyou”tohim?______________________________________________________________46.HowmanyrulesinFrank’sfamilyarementionedinthepassage?______________________________________________________________47.WhydoesFranklikehisfamilyrules?______________________________________________________________48.Doyouliketherule“Takeexerciseeveryday”?Whyorwhynot?______________________________________________________________〖答案〗45.Yes.46.Three.47.Becausehethinkshisfamilyruleshelphimtokeephealthyandlethisfamilyliveahappylife.48.Yes.Becauseitcanmakemehealthy【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了弗兰克家的三个规则和弗兰克喜欢这些规则的原因。【45题详析】考查细节理解。根据第四段“Alwayssay“Iloveyou”and“Thankyou”.Franksays“Iloveyou”tohisparentseverymorningbeforehegoestoschoolandeverynightbeforehegoestobed.Andhisparentssayittohim,too.”（总是说“我爱你”和“谢谢你”。弗兰克每天早上上学前和晚上睡觉前都对父母说“我爱你”。他的父母也这样对他说。）可知，弗兰克的父母对他说“我爱你”和“谢谢你”。故回答：Yes.。【46题详析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Takeexerciseeveryday.”（每天锻炼身体），第三段“Leteveningtimeonlybefamilytime.”（让晚上的时间只作为家庭时间。）和第四段“Alwayssay“Iloveyou”and“Thankyou”.”（总是说“我爱你”和“谢谢你”）可知，短文提到三个规则。故回答：Three.。【47题详析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Franklikeseveryruleinhisfamilybecausehethinkshisfamilyruleshelphimtokeephealthy.”（弗兰克喜欢家里的每一条规则，因为他认为他的家庭规则有助于他保持健康。）和“Andtheserulesalsolethisfamilyliveahappylife.”（这些规则也让他的家人过上了幸福的生活。）可知，弗兰克喜欢家里的每一条规则，因为他认为他的家庭规则有助于他保持健康，也让他的家人过上了幸福的生活。故回答为：Becausehethinkshisfamilyruleshelphimtokeephealthyandlethisfamilyliveahappylife.。【48题详析】考查开放性试题。结合最后一段“Manystudentsdon’tlikedoingsportsbutFrankisdifferent.Heisgoodatsportsandbelookshealthy.”（许多学生不喜欢运动，但弗兰克不同。他擅长运动，看起来很健康。）弗兰克的经历可知，我喜欢运动，因为这可以让我保持健康。故回答：Yes.Becauseitcanmakemehealthy.。VI.完成句子(每空1分，共10分)49.Shecuttheapplesintosmallpieces.(变为否定句)She____________________theapplesintosmallpieces.〖答案〗①.didn’t②.cut【详析】考查时态。句意：她没有把苹果切成小块。原句用的是一般过去时，变为否定句，应用didn’tcut，故填didn’tcut。50.Thereareabout1.4billionpeopleinChinanow.(对划线部分提问)________the________ofChina?〖答案〗①.What’s②.population【详析】考查特殊疑问句。句意：中国人口的人口是多少？对画线部分about1.4billion(大约14亿)进行提问，即询问人口要用what’sthepopulationof...(...的人口是多少？)，句首单词首字母大写，故填What’s；population。51.Allofusworkedreallyhardtogotoabetterseniorhigh.(改为同义句)Allofusworkedreallyhard__________________wecouldgotoabetterseniorhigh.〖答案〗①.so②.that【详析】考查状语从句。句意：我们所有人都很努力去读一个更好的高中。原句中使用了不定式“togotoabetterseniorhigh”作目的状语，同义句中将其改写为一个句子“wecouldgotoabetterseniorhigh”作目的状语，可处理为由复合连词sothat引导的目的状语从句。故填sothat。52.王老师宁愿熬夜也不愿把工作推迟到明天。(完成译句)Ms.Wang___________stayingup____________leavingtheworktilltomorrow.〖答案〗①.prefers②.to【详析】考查动词短语和时态。“宁愿做……也不愿做……”可用动词短语prefer...to...表示；prefer是谓语动词，描述习惯性行为，用一般现在时态，主语是单数，谓语动词prefer用单数形式prefers。故填prefers；to。53.他习惯于在课堂上保持沉默。(完成译句)Heisusedto________________________inclass.〖答案〗①.keeping②.silent【详析】考查动词短语。“保持”为keep，“沉默”为silent，“保持沉默”为系表结构“keepsilent”，“isusedto(习惯于)”后接动名词的形式，故填①keeping②silent。VII.短文填空(每空2分，共16分)Doyouhelpyourparentswithhouseworkathome?Canyoucookforyourfamily?Tostress(强调)theimportanceofhard-workingspiriteducationamongstudents,theChinesegovernmentrecentlycallsforstudentstorespectlaborwork.Studentsshouldlearnbasiclife____54____anddevelopgoodworkinghabitsthroughsucheducation.Thegovernmenthasbeentryingtostresstheimportanceofhard-workingspiriteducation.Butthishasbeenoverlooked(忽视)inrecentyears.Manyteensdonotvaluetheimportanceofworkinghardandarenotinterested____55____doingso.Accordingtoastudyofnearly3000studentsthatwasdoneinMarch,only22%ofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshelpwitheverydayhouseworkathome.S