专题10押任务型阅读之回答问题-2022年中考英语临考题号押题

押通用版任务型阅读回答问题一、（2021·湖南郴州市·中考真题）阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答问题。Janewasnotaconfidentgirlbefore,becauseshewasfatandothersoftenlaughedather.Asaresult,Janebecameveryshy.Shewasscaredtosayhellotostrangers.Shewasafraidtoasksimplequestionsandspeakloudinfrontofothers.Itseemedthatshefeltafraidofeverythinginherlife.Sheusedtobelievethatshewouldbelikethisallherlife.Butoneday,herfriendPaul’swordschangedhermind.HeencouragedJanetochangeherself.Hesaid,“Ifyoucangiveitatry,youwillhaveachancetomakeachange.Butifyounevertry,yourlifeisonlygoingtogetworse.”JanewasdeeplytouchedbywhatPaulsaid.Shethought,“Whynothaveatry?Afterall,Ihadnothingtolose.”ThefirstthingJanedidwasloseweight.Shehadastrictdietanddidexerciseeveryday.After6months,shelost90pounds.Thistaughtherthatshecouldchangeherself.Afewmonthslater,Janeheardaboutaspeechpetitionatheruniversity.Shepluckedup(鼓起)thecouragetosignupforthepetition.Forthefirsttime,shewasabletoshareherstoryandspeakloudinfrontofmanypeople.Intheend,shegotabigprize!Afterthepetition,Janemadeatodolistandstartedchangingrapidly.Shetriedherbesttofinishthethingsonthelistonebyone.Whenworkingonthem,shebecamemoreandmoreconfident.Janewasstillmakingprogressnow.Andshewillneverstop.1．WhywasJanenotconfidentbefore?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．WhoencouragedJanetochangeherself?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．HowdidJaneloseweight?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．WhatdidJaneshareinthespeechpetition?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．DidJanebeeconfidentatlast?____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．Becauseshewasfatandothers(often)laughedather.2．(Jane’sfriend)Paul./Jane’sfriend./Herfriend./(Herfriend)Paulencouragedhertochangeherself.3．Shehadastrictdietanddidexercise(everyday)./Byhavingastrictdietanddoingexercise(everyday)./Bygoingonadietanddoingexercise(everyday).4．Herstory./Shesharedherstory.5．Yes(,shedid).【分析】文章讲Jane在朋友的鼓励下做出了改变，变得更自信。1．根据“Janewasnotaconfidentgirlbefore,becauseshewasfatandothersoftenlaughedather.”可知简之前不自信是因为她胖，别人经常嘲笑她。故填Becauseshewasfatandothers(often)laughedather.2．根据“Butoneday,herfriendPaul’swordschangedhermind.HeencouragedJanetochangeherself.”可知简的朋友保罗鼓励她改变自己。故填(Jane’sfriend)Paul./Jane’sfriend./Herfriend./(Herfriend)Paulencouragedhertochangeherself.3．根据“ThefirstthingJanedidwasloseweight.Shehadastrictdietanddidexerciseeveryday.”可知简为了减肥严格控制饮食，每天锻炼。故填Shehadastrictdietanddidexercise(everyday)./Byhavingastrictdietanddoingexercise(everyday)./Bygoingonadietanddoingexercise(everyday).4．根据“Forthefirsttime,shewasabletoshareherstoryandspeakloudinfrontofmanypeople.”可知简在演讲比赛中分享了自己的故事。故填Herstory./Shesharedherstory.5．根据“Whenworkingonthem,shebecamemoreandmoreconfident.”可知最后简变得自信了，用肯定回答。故填Yes(,shedid).二、（2021·辽宁中考真题）阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题。Haveyourmomorgrandmaevermadeembroidered(刺绣的)clothesforyou?Peopleinthepastoftenembroideredonhandkerchiefs(手帕),bedcoversanddresses.Girlswouldembroideronasachet(香囊)asagiftfortheirlovers.ShuembroideryesfromSichuan.ItistheoldestkindofembroideryinChina.PeoplebegantomakeitduringtheHanDynasty(206BC220AD).TheysoldittoothercountriesalongtheSouthSilkRoad.Embroiderytakestime.Itmighttakeaslongasawholedaytofinishjust10cm.Bythe1970s,Sichuanhadasmanyas5,000embroiderers.Butsincemodernmachinescanmakecheaperembroideryproductstoday,fewerpeoplearebuyinghandmadeShuembroideryproducts.Youngpeoplearen’tlearningtheskill.Toprotectthisskill,ShuembroiderywasaddedtoChina’sintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)listin2006.MengDezhi,anationallevelinheritor(国家级传承人)oftheskill,hasbeenmakingShuembroideryfor40years.Afterherfactorycloseddownin2005,shedidn’tgiveuplovingthisformofart.SoshedecidedtoteachotherstomakeShuembroidery.Theworkishardandthepayislow.Notmanypeoplewanttolearnit.ButMengwantstochangethat.Shenowteachesitinuniversitiesandmunities.Shuembroiderystandsfor(代表)thousandsofyearsofSichuanculture.Weshouldtrytosaveit.6．WheredoesShuembroideryefrom?____________________________________________________________________________________________7．HowmanyembroiderersdidSichuanhavebythe1970s?____________________________________________________________________________________________8．AremanypeoplebuyinghandmadeShuembroideryproductstoday?____________________________________________________________________________________________9．HowlonghasMengDezhibeenmakingShuembroidery?____________________________________________________________________________________________10．WhatdoesShuembroiderystandfor?____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】6．Sichuan.7．(Asmanyas)5,000(embroiderers).8．No./No,theyaren’t.9．For40years.10．ThousandsofyearsofSichuanculture.【分析】本文主要介绍了刺绣的相关信息和蜀绣的历史以及现在面临的困境，还介绍了国家级蜀绣传承人孟德芝。6．根据“ShuembroideryesfromSichuan.”可知，蜀绣来源于四川。故填Sichuan.7．根据“Bythe1970s,Sichuanhadasmanyas5,000embroiderers.”可知，到上世纪70年代，四川有多达5000名刺绣工。故填(Asmanyas)5,000(embroiderers).8．根据“fewerpeoplearebuyinghandmadeShuembroideryproducts”可知，现在购买手工蜀绣产品的人越来越少。故填No./No,theyaren’t.9．根据“MengDezhi,anationallevelinheritoroftheskill,hasbeenmakingShuembroideryfor40years.”可知，孟德芝做蜀绣已有四十年了。故填For40years.10．根据“ShuembroiderystandsforthousandsofyearsofSichuanculture.”可知，蜀绣代表的是四川几千年的文化。故填ThousandsofyearsofSichuanculture.分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词，一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题，其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多，少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。解题技巧1.认真审题，明确题目要求。首先阅读题目，明确题目中的关键词，在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。2.快速浏览文章，规范答题。回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词，寻找文章中对应的关键词，在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章，以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。3.答题形式符合提问形式。不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答，在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。4.仔细检查，确保答案。完成所有答题后，需要再次速读一遍文章，核对答案，确保答案的正确性。需要注意，有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上，结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结，把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。一、（2022·辽宁鞍山第二十九中学三模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。JackieJones,awomanfromEngland,tellsabouthowshemetupwithheroldschoolfriend,HeatherGooch,threeyearsago.HeatherandIhaveknowneachothersincewewerefive,butlosttouchwhenHeatherleftschoolat16,toworkasawaitress.We’dbeengoodfriendsatschool,andIreallywantedtoseewhatshewasdoingandwashopefulthatwewouldrestartourfriendship.So,whenIsawsomethinginthepaperaboutthewebsite,FriendsReunited,Iloggedon(登陆)straightaway.Itisveryeasytouse.Youlookupyourschoolandtheyearyouleftandupesalistofnames.IwasveryexcitedwhenIfoundHeather’snameonthelist.Weemailedeachotheratfirst,thenspokeonthephoneanddecidedtomeetup.Ithasbeen23yearssincewe’dlastseeneachother.Butwestillhavelotsinmonwelaughatthesamethingsandlistentothesamekindofmusic.She’smybestfriendagain.Nowweemaileachothereverydayandmeetatleastonceaweekwegotorestaurants,thecinema,andgoshoppingtogether.Heather’sfamilyspentChristmasDaywithuslastyearbecauseourhusbandsanddaughtersgoton,too.It’sadeeperkindoffriendshipthantheonewehadatschool,whichIthinkeswithageandexperience.Wefeellikewe’regoingtokeepintouchforevernow.1．WhendidJackieandHeathergettoknoweachother?________________________________________________________________________.2．WhathelpedJackierestartherfriendshipwithHeather?________________________________________________________________________.3．WhatdoJackieandHeatherhaveinmon?________________________________________________________________________.4．HowoftendoJackieandHeathermeeteachother?________________________________________________________________________.5．DoesJackiefeelsheishavingadeeperfriendshipwithHeather?________________________________________________________________________.【答案】1．Sincetheywerefive.2．FriendsReunited.3．Theylaughatthesamethingsandlistentothesamekindofmusic.4．Atleastonceaweek.5．Yes,shedoes.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和好朋友希瑟在多年未联系后，通过FriendsReunited这个网站又重新联系了，而且二人的友谊比之前更深刻。1．根据“HeatherandIhaveknowneachothersincewewerefive”可知，希瑟和作者五岁就认识了，故填Sincetheywerefive.2．根据“So,whenIsawsomethinginthepaperaboutthewebsite,FriendsReunited,Iloggedon(登陆)straightaway.”可知，二人通过FriendsReunited这个网站又重新联系了，故填FriendsReunited.3．根据“Butwestillhavelotsinmonwelaughatthesamethingsandlistentothesamekindofmusic.She’smybestfriendagain.”可知，二人笑点一样、喜欢听同样的音乐。故填Theylaughatthesamethingsandlistentothesamekindofmusic.4．根据“Nowweemaileachothereverydayandmeetatleastonceaweek”可知，二人至少每周见一次，故填Atleastonceaweek.5．根据“It’sadeeperkindoffriendshipthantheonewehadatschool”可知，作者觉得她和希瑟的友谊更深了，故填Yes,shedoes.二、（2022·湖南岳阳·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容，简要回答下列阅读。LeiHaiwei,atakeoutdeliverer（外卖送货员）,wontheChinesePoetryConference（中国诗词大会）afterbeatingauniversitystudentfromBeijingUniversityinthefinal.Manypeoplesaidtheresultwasasurprise,becausetheyhadnotexpectedatakeoutdeliverertowinanationalpoetrypetition.LeihasbeeabigfanofChinesepoetrysincechildhood.This37yearoldmanhasspentmostofhissparetimereadingandstudyingpoems.Hewenttobookstoreseveryweekendtoreadpoems.Hewrotedownthepoemsfrommemoryafterreturninghome,andcheckedifhehadrememberedthemcorrectlyonhisnextvisittothebookstore.TheChinesepoemloveralsolikedrecitingpoemswhenhewaswaitingforfoodatrestaurants.Hesaidthismadehisjoblessboring.LeihaslearnedmanyclassicChinesepoemsinthisway.Bythetimehetookpartinthepoetrypetition,hehadremembered800poems.Andnowhecanremembermorethan1000poems.HealsowritespoemshimselfforadeepunderstandingoftheChineselanguageandhistory.ManypeoplemayfindittoohardtounderstandChinesepoetry.Someeventhinkpoetryisonlyforthosewhoarehighlyeducated,butitisn’ttrue.Lei’sstoryhasshownthateveryonecanlearnChinesepoetrywell.Whetheryouareastudentfromatopuniversityoratakeoutdelivererwhograduatefromatechnicalschool,youcanreadChinesepoetryandenjoythebeautyofitslanguage.6．WhodidLeiHaiweibeatinthefinalpetition?___________________________________________________________________7．WhatdidLeiHaiweidoinhissparetime?___________________________________________________________________8．WheredidLeiHaiweigoeveryweekend?___________________________________________________________________9．HowmanypoemscanLeiHaiweiremembernow?___________________________________________________________________10．Ispoetryonlyforthosewhoarehighlyeducated?___________________________________________________________________【答案】6．Auniversitystudent（fromBeijingUniversity）.7．Hereadandstudiedpoems.8．Bookstores.9．Morethan1000poems.10．No,itisn`t.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了外卖小哥雷海伟在决赛中击败了北京大学的一名大学生，赢得“中国诗歌大会”冠军，以及他自身的故事。6．根据“wontheChinesePoetryConference（中国诗词大会）afterbeatingauniversitystudentfromBeijingUniversityinthefinal.”可知外卖小哥雷海伟在决赛中击败了北京大学的一名大学生，故填Auniversitystudent（fromBeijingUniversity）.7．根据“This37yearoldmanhasspentmostofhissparetimereadingandstudyingpoems”可知他把大部分业余时间都用来阅读和研究诗歌，故填Hereadandstudiedpoems.8．根据“Hewenttobookstoreseveryweekendtoreadpoems.”可知他每个周末都去书店，故填Bookstores.9．根据“Andnowhecanremembermorethan1000poems”可知现在他能记住1000多首诗。故填Morethan1000poems.10．根据“Someeventhinkpoetryisonlyforthosewhoarehighlyeducated,butitisn’ttrue.”可知诗歌并不是只适合那些受过高等教育的人。故填No,itisn`t.三、（2022·湖北·天门市教育科学研究院一模）阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，回答问题。Doyouknowpickleball(匹克球)?MuchliketennisandPingpong,it’sapopularnewsportintheUSA．Pickleballiseasyandfuntoplay.Itisplayedonacourt,thesizeofabadmintoncourt,withalowernetsimilar(类似)tothatoftennis.Therearetwoorfourplayersinagame.Playershitawhiffleball(塑料空心球)overthenetwithbats.Thebatsaremadeofwood,andtheyarelargerthanpingpongbats.Theruleofthegameisthataplayer(orateam)firstgets11pointsandalsoleadstheothersidebyatleast2points,andthenhe(ortheteam)winsthegame.Forexample,ifit’s10to10,oneplayerhastomakeit12to10towinthegame.Thegamewasinventedinthe1960s.SeveralparentswereonvacationinBainbridgeIsland,Washington,theUS.Theywantedtofindanactivitythattheirfamiliescouldenjoytogether.Sotheycameupwiththesport.Nooneissurehowthesportgotitsname.MostpeoplebelieveitwascalledpickleballbecauseofadognamedPickles.Hekeptrunningaftertheballwhentheinventorsfirstplayedthesport,soeveryonecalleditPickles’ball.KaraFoster,a60yearoldwomanfromNewYork,triedthegamethisyear.Likemanyothers,shefellinlovewiththesportandnowplaysiteveryday.“Ithelpsmekeepfit,”Shesays.“Bestofall,it’smucheasierformetochatwithmyfriendswhileplayingthesport.”11．Whichnetislower,thetennisnetorthepickleballnet?(Nomorethan5words)________________________12．Howmanyplayersarethereinagame?(Nomorethan7words)________________________13．Whenwasthegameinvented?(Nomorethan7words)________________________14．WhatisthebestthingforKarawhensheisplayingpickleball?(Nomorethan15words)________________________【答案】11．Thepickleballnet(islower).12．Twoorfour(players).13．Inthe1960s.14．Tochat/Chattingwithherfriendswhileplayingthesport.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型运动——匹克球。11．根据“Itisplayedonacourt,thesizeofabadmintoncourt,withalowernetsimilar(类似)tothatoftennis.”可知，匹克球球场较低一点。故填Thepickleballnet(islower).12．根据“Therearetwoorfourplayersinagame.”可知，一场比赛有两到四名球员。故填Twoorfour(players).13．根据“Thegamewasinventedinthe1960s.”可知，这个游戏发明于20世纪60年代。故填Inthe1960s.14．根据“Bestofall,it’smucheasierformetochatwithmyfriendswhileplayingthesport.”可知，KaraFoster在运动时更容易和朋友聊天。故填Tochat/Chattingwithherfriendswhileplayingthesport.四、（2022·江苏·滨海县教师发展中心一模）Withahighscoreof645inthenationalcollegeentranceexamination,XingYifan,ayoungteenfromNortheastChina’sJilinProvince,wasacceptedbyhisdreamuniversity—BeihangUniversityinJuly2021.Itwouldtakemosthighschoolstudentsgreatefforttoscorethathigh,butthechallengeforthe18yearoldboywasgreater.HewasdiagnosedwithatypeofALS(渐冻症)whenhewasjust6monthsold.Withastrongwill,Xingworkedhardtomakesurethatthediseasewouldnotholdhimback.“Ican’tthinkofareasontoholdback,IwanttobeeChina’sStephenHawking,”saidtheboy.Xingweighsonly18kilograms.Hehasdifficultywithmanythingsthatmostpeopletakeforgranted.Sincehismuscles(肌肉)aretooweaktosupporthisbody,heputshischinonadesktodohomework.“IjustwanttoseehowfarIcango.Iwanttomoveforwardmore,”saidtheboy.Overthepastfewyears,Xinghaswonmanyprizes.Heisalwaysaninspiration(激励)tohisclassmates.Buttheyoungboyhasaninspirationofhisown.“IfeltquiteinspiredwhenIreadthestoryofBritishphysicistStephenHawking,”hesaid.“Iwillcontinuetostudyhardatuniversity,andIhopeIcanbesomeonelikehim.”Effortcancreatemiracles(奇迹).Thebraveboyhasinterpreted(诠释)thepowerofoptimism(乐观)andstrengthforus.根据短文内容回答下列问题。（每题答案不超过6个单词）15．WhatdiseasedidXingYifancatchatsixmonthsold?_______________________________________________16．HowmuchdoesXingweigh?_______________________________________________17．WhydoesXingputhischinonadesktodohomework?

_______________________________________________18．WhoisXingYifan’shero?_______________________________________________19．WhatmakesXing’sdreametrue?

_______________________________________________【答案】15．AtypeofALS.16．Only18kilograms.17．Becausehismusclesaretooweak./Becauseofhisweakmuscles./Tosupporthisbody.18．StephenHawking.19．Hiseffort./Thepowerofoptimismandstrength./Hisstrongwill.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了患有渐冻症的邢益凡乐观坚强，通过努力考入北京航空航天大学，并立志成为像霍金一样的人。15．根据“HewasdiagnosedwithatypeofALSwhenhewasjust6monthsold.”可知，他六个月时被确诊为渐冻症。故填AtypeofALS.16．根据“Xingweighsonly18kilograms.”可知，他的体重只有18公斤。故填Only18kilograms.17．根据“Sincehismuscles

aretooweaktosupporthisbody,heputshischinonadesktodohomework.”可知，他把下巴放在桌子上来写作业是因为他的肌肉力量太弱，无法支撑他的身体。故填Becausehismusclesaretooweak./Becauseofhisweakmuscles./Tosupporthisbody.18．根据“IfeltquiteinspiredwhenIreadthestoryofBritishphysicistStephenHawking”和“IhopeIcanbesomeonelikehim.”可知，邢益凡读斯蒂芬·霍金的故事时很受鼓舞，并希望成为像他那样的人，所以他心目中的英雄是斯蒂芬·霍金。故填StephenHawking.19．通读全文并结合最后一段可知，邢益凡有着顽强的意志，他通过努力创造了奇迹，他也诠释了乐观和坚强的力量，这些都对他的梦想的实现有帮助。故填Hiseffort./Thepowerofoptimismandstrength./Hisstrongwill.五、（2021·黑龙江·哈尔滨市第四十七中学二模）Mr.GuoisateacherfromXi’an.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQRcode(二维码).Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat.Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittohim.Sohecanchecktheirworkwheneverheisavailable.TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Guobyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenGuoscans(扫描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbeesmorecreative,withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Guo’sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.Guosaid,“Itisworthtryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon’twantmystudentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeonputers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooks.Theyalsoneedtowriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.Theyonlyusethecodeswhentheyhandintheirwork,Alsoforteachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.20．阅读短文，根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。a________tostarttobeseeni________attractingyourattentionbecauseitisspecial,exciting21．同义句转换，每空一词。SohecanchecktheirworkwheneverheisavailableSohecanchecktheirwork________

________whenheisavailable根据短文内容简答问题22．HowcantheQRcodesbesenttoMr.Guo?_________________________________23．Whyareparentsworried?_________________________________24．Whatdostudentsneedtodowhendoinghomework?_________________________________【答案】20．

(a)ppear

(i)nteresting21．

no

matter22．Byemail,QQandWechat.23．Becausetheyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeonputers.24．Theyneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一名西安的教师让学生通过二维码上交作业，介绍了这种新的上交作业方式的优势以及家长们的担心。20．“tostarttobeseen”表示“开始被看见”，也就是appear表示“出现”。“attractingyourattentionbecauseitisspecial,exciting”表示“吸引你的注意力是因为它特别，令人兴奋”，也就是“interesting有趣的”，故填(a)ppear；(i)nteresting。21．whenever=nomatterwhen“无论何时”，故填no；matter。22．根据“TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Guobyemail,QQandWeChat”可知，通过邮件，QQ和微信发送到老师那，故填Byemail,QQandWechat.23．根据“Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeonputers”可知，担心孩子们在电脑上花太长时间，故填Becausetheyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeonputers.24．根据“Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooks.Theyalsoneedtowriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework”可知，他们需要在书中查找信息，并在做作业时写下来，故填Theyneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.（限时：30分钟）一、（2022·山东淄博·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Anewstudysuggeststhatancientperiodsofcoldanddryclimate(气候)ledtoNeanderthal(尼安德特人)disappearance.Theirdisappearancewasfollowedbyanappearanceofourspecies(物种):Homosapiens(智人modernhumanbeings).NeanderthalsareaspeciesofearlyhumansthatoncelivedinEuropeandAsia,whichdiedoutabout40000yearsago.HomosapiensarrivedinEuropeafewthousandyearslater.ScientistMichaelandhisresearchteamreportedtheirfindings.Theirstudyfocusedonaroundtwocoldanddryperiods.Onebeganabout44000yearsagoandlastedabout600years.ThetimingofthoseeventsmatchestheperiodswhenNeanderthalsdisappear.Duringthetwoevents,signsofHomosapiensappearincentralandEasternEuropeandinFrance.Thechangesinclimatewouldhaveturnedforestsintograsslandfilledwithsmallplants.Homosapiensmayhavebeenbetteradapted(适应)tothatnewenvironmentthantheNeanderthalswere.SotheymaybeabletomoveinaftertheNeanderthalsdisappeared,theresearcherswrote.Katerina,aNeanderthalexpertsaiditishelpfultohavethenewclimateinformationfromsoutheasternEurope,whichisanareathatmanyresearchersthinkHomosapiensusedtospreadthroughthecontinent(大洲).ButshesaiditisunclearwhetherNeanderthalsdisappearedandHomosapiensappearedatthetimestheresearchersreported.RickPottsoftheSmithsonianInstitutioncalledthestudy“anewlook”athowonespeciestooktheother’splace.“Ashasbeensaidbefore,ourspecieswerenotclevererthantheNeanderthals,”Pottswrote.“Wesimplyoutsurvived(幸存)them.”1．WhydidNeanderthalsdisappearaccordingtothenewstudy?______________________________________________________2．WhendidNeanderthalsdisappearaccordingtothewriter?______________________________________________________3．WhatmaythenewenvironmentinParagraph4belike?______________________________________________________4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ourspecies”inParagraph5referto(指代)?______________________________________________________5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?______________________________________________________【答案】1．Becauseofthecoldanddryclimate.2．About40000yearsago.3．Grasslandfilledwithsmallplants.4．Homosapiens.5．ThepassagemainlytalksaboutwhyNeanderthalsdisappeared./IttalksaboutwhyHomosapienssurvived./IttalksaboutwhyHomosapienstookNeanderthals’place.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了有关远古尼安德特人消失和智人存活的研究。1．根据“Anewstudysuggeststhatancientperiodsofcoldanddryclimate(气候)ledtoNeanderthal(尼安德特人)disappearance.”可知由于寒冷干燥的天气，导致尼安德特人的消失。故填Becauseofthecoldanddryclimate.2．根据“NeanderthalsareaspeciesofearlyhumansthatoncelivedinEuropeandAsia,whichdiedoutabout40000yearsago.”可知尼安德特人大约在4万年前灭绝。故填About40000yearsago.3．根据“Thechangesinclimatewouldhaveturnedforestsintograsslandfilledwithsmallplants.”可知气候改变导致森林变成了覆盖小植物的草原。故填Grasslandfilledwithsmallplants.4．根据“RickPottsoftheSmithsonianInstitutioncalledthestudy“anewlook”athowonespeciestooktheother’splace.”可知这项研究是对一个物种如何取代另一个物种的“新视角”。新物种就是也就是取代尼安德特人的智人。故填Homosapiens.5．根据“Anewstudysuggeststhatancientperiodsofcoldanddryclimate(气候)ledtoNeanderthal(尼安德特人)disappearance.”和“Thechangesinclimatewouldhaveturnedforestsintograsslandfilledwithsmallplants.”可知本文介绍了尼安德特人的消失以及智人如何存活的。故填ThepassagemainlytalksaboutwhyNeanderthalsdisappeared./IttalksaboutwhyHomosapienssurvived./IttalksaboutwhyHomosapienstookNeanderthals’place.二、（2022·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学一模）阅读并回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过10个词。Primaryandjuniorhighschoolstudentsnowareallowedtostayatschoolfortwohoursafterschoolisover.Studentscanenjoytheirhobbies.Theycanalsotakepartinotherafterschoolactivities.Thisisoneofthekeymeasures(措施)ofthe“doublereduction”policy(“双减”政策)acrossthecountry.Thepolicytriestoreducestudents’stresscausedbytoomuchhomeworkandoffcampustraining.Whenstudentsleaveschool,theycanseetheirparents,insteadoftheirgrandparents,waitingoutsidetopickthemup.Studentsarehappyaboutit,andsoaretheirparents.“It’sgoodthatIcanetopickupmyson,”saidMrsWang,amotherofasecondgrader.“I’veboughtextraexercisebooksforhimtodosincehehasnohomeworknow.Istillneedtoknowhowwellhehaslearned.”Thechangesalsomeanthatstudentscanchoosetodotheirhomeworkatschoolafterschoolisover.“Wehaveareadingcourseafterclassesendat4pm,”saidZhangZirui,aprimaryschoolstudent.“Thenwedoourhomeworkatschool.Idon’thavetodohomeworkwhenIgobackhome.”LanLan,astudentatajuniorhighschool,haslesshomeworknow.“Theteacherhascutouttherepetitive(重复的)contentsinthehomework,whichIwelealot,”shesaid,“andtherearelotsofafterschoolactivitiesforustotakepartin.It’sgreat.”MrWang,afatherofajuniorhighschoolstudent,saidthemeasuresshowedthegovernment’sgreateffortstolightentheburden(负担)onschools,parentsandstudents.6．What’sthepurposeofthe“doublereduction”policy?____________________________________________________7．Whocanpickupstudentsafterschoolnow?___________________________________________________8．WhydidMrsWangbuyextraexercisebooksforherson?_____________________________________________________9．WhatdoesZhangZiruidoafterclassesareover?_____________________________________________________10．Whatdoyouthinkofthenewpolicy?_____________________________________________________【答案】6．Toreducestudents’stress.7．Thestudents’parents.8．Toknowhowwellhehaslearned./Becauseshewondershowwellhehaslearned.9．Hehasareadingcourseanddoeshomework.10．Good/Wonderful/Notbad/Bad.【解析】【导语】本文主要讨论了国家实施“双减”政策带来的变化。6．根据“Thepolicytriestoreducestudents’stresscausedbytoomuchhomeworkandoffcampustraining.”可知，“双减政策”是旨在减轻学生因作业过多和校外训练而产生的压力。故填Toreducestudents’stress.7．根据“Whenstudentsleaveschool,theycanseetheirparents,insteadoftheirgrandparents,waitingoutsidetopickthemup.”可知，现在学生们的父母可以在放学后接学生了。故填Thestudents’parents.8．根据“Istillneedtoknowhowwellhehaslearned.”可知，王太太给孩子额外买了练习本，是因为想看儿子学得怎么样。故填Toknowhowwellhehaslearned./Becauseshewondershowwellhehaslearned.9．根据“‘Wehaveareadingcourseafterclassesendat4pm,’saidZhangZirui,aprimaryschoolstudent.‘Thenwedoourhomeworkatschool.Idon’thavetodohomeworkwhenIgobackho