2024-2025学年甘肃省武威十八中高三下学期模拟考试含解析

2024-2025学年甘肃省武威十八中高三下学期模拟考试注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Whilewewerelisteningtothespeechattentively,avoice_____toannouncetheresultoftheelection.A．brokein B．brokeup C．brokeoff D．brokedown2．Thefirstsnowdidn’tfalluntilFebruaryinourprovincethisyear,________wasunexpected.A．it B．which C．that D．what3．_____everyyear,manypeopledonotholdahighopinionoftheCCTVSpringFestivalGala,ithasbecomeasomewhatnecessarypartofthefestival.A．AsB．ThereforeC．While D．Since4．—WillUnclePetersoncometomybirthdaypartytomorrow?—Pityhe______toZimbabweasavolunteerteacher.A．wassentB．hasbeensentC．hadbeensentD．wouldbesent5．PeoplebelievethattheChinaDreamisnotverydifficult________solongasthewholenationworkshardforit.A．realizing B．toberealizedC．realized D．torealize6．IhadbeenbetrayedbythosewhoItrustedseveraltimes,______inasuspiciousattitudetowardseverythingandeveryone.A．resulted B．havingresulted C．resulting D．toresult7．Maybehereallyshoulddomoreexercisesfromnowon.____,Ihopehecouldgetoversoon.A．Somehow B．Somewhat C．Anyway D．Anywhere8．Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.A．shallnot B．can'tC．needn't D．mustn't9．Howlongdoyousupposeitis______hearrivedthere?A．whenB．beforeC．afterD．since10．IowemycurrentsuccesstoDavid,mybestfriendsincechildhood,withoutwhomIhavenoideawhereI________today.A．am B．wasC．wouldhavebeen D．wouldbe11．－I_______inthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep.－Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.A．willsit B．havesatC．amsitting D．havebeenstting12．Thedoctor’streatmenthasworkedmarvels:thepatienthascompletely．A．repeated B．returned C．recovered D．reminded13．Itreallymatters_______hetreatedthelatestfailure,fortheexaminationisaroundthecorner.A．if B．thatC．why D．how14．ManyteacherslikesurfingtheInternet,________theymayfindalotofusefulvideosaboutteaching.A．which B．whereC．when D．that15．Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama，NirvanainFire，HuGewould________andactivelyseeknewroles．A．makeamountainoutofamolehillB．havetoomanyironsinthefireC．strikewhiletheironishotD．putthecartbeforethehorse16．Thearthistorianstriedtofigureouthowthetemple__________whenbuiltaround15B．C．A．mightlook B．mighthavelooked C．mustlook D．musthavelooked17．Hegetsupatsixo’clock,runsforhalfanhourandthenhasameal;thatishismorning______.A．route B．routineC．behavior D．tendency18．Marywaspleasedtoseethattheseedsshe______inthegardenweregrowing.A．wasplantingB．hasplantedC．wouldplantD．hadplanted19．—Whydoesheweararaincoatonsunnydays?—NordoIunderstand.Heis________.A．awetblanket B．alazyboneC．ablacksheep D．anoddfish20．AlthoughMailerwasnotaloneinwelcomingthefloweringofcreativity,theauthoritieshatedit,______didmanypassengers.A．which B．as C．that D．so第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Parentstendtofavourchildrenofonesexincertainsituations—orsoevolutionarybiologiststellus.Anewstudyusedcoloredbackpacksalesdatatoshowthatparentalwealthmayinfluencespendingonsonsdifferentfromdaughters.In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillardpublishedapapersuggestingthatparentsinvest(投入)moreresources,suchasfoodandeffort,inmalechildrenwhentimesaregood,andinfemalechildrenwhentimesarebad.AccordingtotheTrivers-Willardhypothesis(假说),asongivenlotsofresourcescanbecomeagentleman—butparentswithfewresourcestendtoinvestthemindaughters,whogenerallyfinditeasiertobeafairmaiden.Studyingparentalinvestmentafterbirthisdifficult,however.Thenewstudylookedforastandardofmeasurementofsuchinvestmentthatmetseveralcriteria:itshouldn’tbeaffectedbysexdifferencesintheneedforresources;itshouldmeasureinvestmentratherthanoutcomes;anditshouldbeobjective.StudyauthorShigeSong,asociologistatQueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,examinedspendingonpinkandbluebackpackspurchasedinChinain2015fromalargeretailer,JD．com.Henarrowedthedatatoabout5,000bags:bluebackpacksboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastoneboyandpinkonesboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastonegirl.Theresultsshowedthatwealthierfamiliesspentmoreonbluethanpinkbackpacks—suggestinggreaterinvestmentinsons.Poorerfamiliesspentmoreonpinkpacksthanblueones.ThefindingswerepublishedinEvolutionandHumanBehavior.Song’sevidencefortheTrivers-Willardhypothesisis“indirect”but“prettyconvincing,”saysRosemaryHopcroft,asociologistatthe.UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotte,whowasnotconnectedwiththenewstudy.Hopcroftreportedin2016thatU.S.fatherswithhigh-statusoccupationsweremorelikelytosendtheirsonstoprivateschoolthantheirdaughters,whilefatherswithlower-statusjobsmoreoftenenrolledtheirfemalechildren.Althoughthenewstudydoesnotprovethefamilieswerebuyingthebluebackpacksforboysandpinkonesforgirls,Hopcroftnotesthat“it’sacleverandinterestingpaper,andit’saratherunusualuseofbigdata.”1、WhatdoesthewriterintendtodoinParagraph2?A．Introduceanearlierstudy.B．Identifychildren’sneeds.C．Assesstheinfluenceofastudy.D．Exploreintoparentalinvestment.2、Whatoffersachallengeforthenewstudy?A．Theinvestmentmeetingseveralcriteria.B．Themeasurementofeventualoutcomes.C．Differentdemandsforresourcesbetweensexes.D．Consistentstandardsinmeasuringparentalinvestment.3、WhatcanbelearnedfromSong’sresearch?A．Thenewstudywasdonein2015.B．Bigdatawassampledforresearch.C．Preferencewasofferedtoconsumers.D．Bluepackswerefavoredoverpinkones.4、WhichofthefollowingislikelytomatchHopcroft’sremarkonSong’sresearch?A．It’sentertaining. B．It’swell-designed.C．It’sunbelievable. D．It’sunusual.22．（8分）EveryyearfromMarchtoOctober,ChristianMoullec,alsoknownas“Birdman,”takestotheskiesaboardhisadaptedlightaircraft.However,the58-year-oldFrenchman’sdaily30-minuteflightisnotjusttoenjoytheimpressiveviews,buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpathswhichthebirdscanteachfuturegenerations.Hisdeedbeganin1995whenhenoticedtheirdecliningpopulationinthewildsofLapland,Sweden.Topreventtheirnumbersfromdroppingfurther,Moullectriedtogetthethreatenedspeciestofollowhimalongmigrationroutesthatwouldprotectthemfrombirdhunters.However,gettinggrowngeesetofollowhisleadprovedchallenging.Asyounggeeseimitateandfollowwhomevertheyviewastheirparent,Moullecdecidedtoraisethegeesefrombirth.Tohelpraisefundsandawarenessofhisjobtoprotectnotjustthegeesebutbirdsworldwide,Moullecoftenallowspayingtouriststojoinhimonthe30-minute-longflightsaboardhisaircraft.Inadditiontothetrainedbirdsflyingalongsidethem,visitors,whocomefromasfarasa15-hourplaneflightaway,aretreatedtoavarietyofcraneandgeesespeciesaswellasbreathtakingviewsofcastlesandcities.Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe.MoullecbelievestheuseofagriculturalchemicalshasdoneharmtowildEuropeanbirds,withmorethanathirddisappearinginthelast30years.“It'sadisaster,”hesaid.“Mybeautifulimageswithflyingbirdsshouldbeusedtotellthisstory.”1、Whydoes“Birdman”alwaysflytotheskyonhisaircraft?A．Toobservegeesealongtheirmigrationroutes.B．Tofollowgeesethroughsafemigrationpaths.C．Totakevisitorstooperatehisadaptedaircraft.D．Toguidegeeseflysafelyduringthemigration.2、Whatdoweknowabout“Birdman”？A．Heisanaturelover. B．Heisabirdwatcher.C．Heisavolunteerpilot. D．Heisabirdhunter.3、WhatdoesMoullecoftentakephotosinhisflightsfor?A．Recordingtheuseofagriculturalchemicals.B．Showingseriousdamagecausedbychemicals.C．Describinghisexperienceswithflyingbirds.D．Capturingthebeautifulviewsofbirdsandcities.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BirdmanGuidesFlockstoLearntoFly.B．BirdmanFindsBirdsDisappearing.C．BirdmanHelpsFlocksSafelyMigrate.D．BirdmanProtectsBirdsFromHunters.23．（8分）PhotographerwantedTakecreativeandinnovativepicturesforourmonthlymagazine.bachelor'sdegreeinphotographyorcloselyrelatedfieldisnecessary.Also,atleast2yearsofpreviousexperienceinrelatedareasisrequired,Knowledgeofpublishingisdesirable.Candidatesmustbefamiliarwithcurrenttrendsinvisualandgraphictechnologiesofphotography,andaworkingknowledgeofinternationaleconomics.SendresumebySeptember13toBrockPeterson,MonthlyAtlanticEconomist,225NelsonAvenue,Toronto,ONV9ZIM2orbrockpeterson@monthlyatlantic.Com.To:BrockPeterson<brockpeterson@monthlyatlanticcom>From:SandyGob<Sandyg@HomeCanada.ca>Sent:Sept.12,05:45PMDearMrPeterson,IamwritinginresponsetoyourjobadvertisementforaphotographerpostedintheAugust21issueoftheMonthlyAtlanticEconomist.IthinkIamhighlyqualifiedforthisposition.Asyoucanseefrommyattlehedresume,IhavetheappropriateacademicbackgroundincludingaBostonCollegedegreeinphotographyandprofessionalcredentials(证明书)suchasworkingasaphotographerCambridgeforover3years.IwillbemovingtoTorontoonSeptember18,soIcanstartworkingfromthetimeyouwant.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeatyourearliestconvenience.Iwouldalsobehappytosupplyreferencesand/oracollectionofmyworks.SincerelySandyGoh176、WhereisBrockPetersonworking?A．Atagraphicsdesignfirm.B．Ataphotographfirm.C．Atamagazine.D．Atadiscountstore.1、BywhattimemustapplicationsbesenttoBrockPeterson?A．August21.B．September12.C．September13.D．September18.2、WhydoesSaindyGohmentionCambridge?A．Sheoncedidworkthere.B．Shegraduatedfromacollegethere.C．ShewillmovefromtheretoTorontosoon.D．ShemetBrockPetersonataconferencethere.24．（8分）YoumayhaveneverheardofLanthanum,CeriumorNeodymium,buttheseelements(元素)andothersknownas“rareearth”playamajorroleinmoderntechnology.Theycanactuallybefoundinmanyplacesontheearth,butnotinquantitiesthatcanbemined.Onlyafewcountries—China,America,India,Australia,BrazilandMalaysiahaveanythatcanbeminedenoughtobetraded.EventhoughsomeoftheseelementssuchasCeriumareasabundantasCopper,theyarenotfoundinconcentratedamountsontheearth’ssurface.Theyareoftenmixedtogetherwithothermetals,whichmakesextraction(提取)oftheseelementsanexpensiveandanenvironmentallymessyprocess.Itwasduetothisreasonthattheterm“rareearth”wasinvented.Rareearthmetalsareusedwidelyinourlife.Rechargeablecarbatteries,computers,iPhones,DVDplayers,computermonitors,televisions,lighting,lasers,glasspolishing,andsuperconductorsallusequantitiesofrareearthmetals.Also,withtheadvancementin“green”technologylikesolarpanels,theseshinymaterialsarebecomingmoreimportantthanever.Anaverageelectriccaruses10poundsofLanthanumforitsrechargeablebattery!Americahaslargedeposits(存储量)ofrareearthsandhasoneofthefirstmines.ItwasopenedinSouthernCaliforniain1940.Theelement“Europium”wasthefirstmetaltobeseparatedinquantityforuseincolortelevisions.However,inthe1980’sand1990’s,asChinastartedproducingtheseelementsinInnerMongolia,theminesinAmericaandelsewherecouldnotkeeppace.ThemineinMountainPass,Californiaalsofailedenvironmentalregulationsandshutdownin2002.Now,recognizingtheimportanceofhavingmorethanonesupplierofthisimportantresource,otherrareearthowningcountrieslikeIndiaandAustraliaareeitherdustingofftheirrareearthminesorspeedinguptheirproduction.Itisbelievedthatthedebateoverrareearthswillbecomelouderinthecomingmonthsandyears.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutrareearths?A．TheyareactuallyasabundantasCopper.B．Theycanbeminedeasilyasothermetals.C．Theycanonlybefoundinafewcountries.D．Theyarenotreallyasrareastheyarenamed.2、ComparedwithChina,America.A．paidmoreattentiontoEuropiumB．haslargerdepositsofrareearthsC．startedproducingrareearthsearlierD．hasmorerareearthmines3、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatrareearths.A．arenowingreatdemandB．cannowbeusedinfewfieldsC．areharmfultotheenvironmentD．willsoonbereplacedbyothermetals25．（10分）Pauliereceivedaremotecontrolcar,someclothes,andacollectionofactionfiguresforhisbirthday.Butwhathereallywantedwasthisvideogamehehadbeenaskingfor.OnlyGranddad’spresentwastocome,so,withtwofingersoneachhandcrossedtightly,hehoped.“Hereyougoyoulittlewhippersnapper.”“Thanks,”saidPaulie,rippingthewrappingcleanoffthepresent.Hisfacedropped;allhegotwasadrawingpad,andanold,used,woodenpencil.“Nowthatthereisamagicpencil,”saidGranddad.Paulielookedsceptical.“Itbringsimaginationtolife,”saidGranddad,prodding（戳一下）hisnosesecretly.Laterthatnight,Pauliewassenttobed.Buthecouldn’tsleep.Hewishedhehadhisgametoplay,buthedidn’t.Sohegotup,tookouthispadand“magic”pencil,andstartedtodraw.Pauliedrewamonster.Hethendrewacastleforthemonstertoattack,andheaddedaprincess,astheyarealwaysincastles.Pauliefiguredthemonsterwantedtoeattheprincessasherdressmadeherlooklikeabirthdaycake.Thenhedrewaknight（骑士）,asknightsalwaysrescueprincesses.Thensomethingmagicalhappened.Pauliewassuckedintothispaperworld.Paulienowstoodlookingdownatthecastle.Aknightwaschargingathim.So,withhismighty（有劲儿的）arm,hehittheknightrighthardoutofthepicture.Thenheatetheprincess.Pauliesoonfoundhimselfbackinhisbedroom.Helookedatthepaper;onitwasadrawingofthemonster.Itwaslicking（舔）itsfinger,withabigsmile.Pauliesmiledback.Pauliedidn’twanthisgameanymore.Herealisedthisshortbutthickpencilandpapercouldtakehimanywhere.1、WhenPaulieopenedhisgrandpa’spresent,hefelt.A．puzzledB．excitedC．disappointedD．angry2、Pauliecouldn’tfallasleepbecausehe.A．wasstillexpectinghisbirthdaypresentB．wastooexcitedwithhisbirthdaypresentC．didn’tknowhowtoenjoyhisbirthdaypresentD．didn’tgetthegifthehadbeenexpecting3、Pauliegotupand.A．drewamagicfairyworldwiththepadandpenB．atetheprincessafterfightingagainsttheknightC．imaginedhimselftheknightprotectingtheprincessD．madefriendswiththemonsterinthecastle4、Intheend,Paulie.A．changedhisopiniononafairystoryB．fellinlovewithhisgranddad’spresentC．understoodwhyhedidn’tlikehispresentsD．wentanywherewithhispadandpen第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Iwascyclingandnoticedaperson,aboutaquarterofakilometerinfrontofme.Icouldtellhewascycling1thanmeanddecidedtotrytocatchhim.Ihadaboutakilometertogoontheroad2turningoff.SoI3cyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,I4closertohim.AfterjustafewminutesIwasonlyabout100yards5him,soIreallypickedupthepaceand6myself.YouwouldhavethoughtIwacompetingintheOlympicsandcyclinginthe7partofarace.Finally,Icaughtupwithhimand8him.OntheinsideIfeltso9.“Ibeathim!”Ofcourse,hedidn'tevenknowwewere10.AfterIpassedhim,I11thatIhadbeensofocusedoncompetingagainsthimthatIhad12myturn.Therefore,Ihadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback.Isn’tthatwhathappensinlifewhenwe13competingwithco-workers,neighbors,andfriends,14toprovethatwearemoresuccessfulormoreimportant?Wespendourtimeandenergychasingafter15andwemissoutonourown16toourfuture.The17ofunhealthycompetitionisthatit’saneverendingcycle.Therewill18besomebodyaheadofyou,someoneonewithabetterjob,moremoneyandmoreeducation,etc.Therefore,justtakewhat19hasgivenyou,yourheight,weightandpersonality.Stayfocusedandliveahealthylife.There'sno20inlife.Runyourownraceandwishotherswell!1、A．morepatientlyB．morenervouslyC．moreexcitedlyD．moreslowly2、A．beforeB．afterC．unlessD．when3、A．enjoyedB．practicedC．startedD．kept4、A．stayedB．gotC．feltD．stepped5、A．nexttoB．belowC．aheadofD．behind6、A．protectedB．pushedC．supportedD．comforted7、A．sameB．onlyC．lastD．other8、A．passedB．shoutedatC．laughedD．helped9、A．calmB．warmC．luckyD．proud10、A．racingB．exercisingC．celebratingD．cycling11、A．believedB．realizedC．predictedD．expected12、A．waitedB．missedC．madeD．ignored13、A．worryaboutB．thinkaboutC．dependonD．focuson14、A．tryingB．agreeingC．continuingD．remembering15、A．himB．herC．themD．you16、A．pathsB．entrancesC．plansD．barriers17、A．taskB．difficultyC．problemD．goal18、A．neverB．oftenC．sometimesD．always19、A．futureB．educationC．lifeD．time20、A．mistakeB．competitionC．pressureD．challenge第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Doyoulikereading?Doyouattachthegreat1．(important)toreading?Readingistheprocessoflookingataseries2．writtensymbolsandgettingmeaningfromthemWhenweread,weuseoureyestoreceivewrittensymbolssuch3．letters,punctuation(精确的)marksandspacesandweuseourbraintochangethemintowords,sentencesandparagraphsthatcommunicatesomethingtous4．(Read)canbesilentinourheadoraloudsothatyoucanbeheardbyotherpeopleReadingisaskillthroughwhichwereceiveinformationButthecomplexprocessofreadingalso5．(need)theskillofspeaking,sothatwecanpronouncethewordsthatwereadInhissense,readingisalsoaproductiveskillinthatwearebothreceivinginformationandtransmittingitevenifonlytoourselvesReadingisthethirdofthefourlanguage6．(skill),7．arelistening,speaking,readingandwritingReadingissomethingthatyoucandoonyourownandthat8．(great)broadensyourvocabulary,thushelpingyouinspeaking,listeningandwritingReadingisthereforeahighlyvaluableskillandactivity,and9．issuggestedthatEnglishlearnerstrytoreadasmuchaspossibleinEnglishIfyoudoso,greatprogress10．(make)inyourEnglishlearning第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Afterschool,wasabouttoenterintomyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogliebesidethedustbin、Helookedextremelyweak、Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeofsympathy、SoIdecidedtotakehimhome、Igavehimsomefoodandabath、Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed、Whatalovelydog!Whenmyparentsgothome,IaskedthatIcouldkeepthedog、Tomysurprisedandjoy,theyagreed、Uptonow,hehasbecomememberofourfamilyandeveryonehadenjoyedhiscompany、Lookedatthecuteandhappydogtoday,IrealizethatIwasrighttohelphim、Iofferedhimashelterandhebroughtourselvesgreathappinessandlaughter、174第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）目前，中国已经进入汽车社会，越來越多的汽车止走进寻常百姓家。但是有些驾驶员的素质令人