2022-2023学年北京一七一中高二（上）期中英语试题及答案

北京市第一七一中学2022—2023学年度第一学期高二英语期中调研试题（时间：90分钟，总分：100分）一、完型填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的ACD四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。wasacoldevening,andmydaughterandIwerewalkingupIdidn’tnoticeaguysittinginsideacardboardbox,butNoradid.Shewasn’tevenbutshe“Thatman’scold.cantakehim1mycoatandsaid,Idon’tremembermyButIdorememberasuddenheavyfeelinginsideIhadalwaysbeendelightedathowmuchmydaughternoticedher,whetherwasbirdsinflightorchildrenplaying.ButnowshewasnoticingAfewIsawanarticlethenewspaperaboutvolunteerswhopickedupafoodpackagefromanearbyschoolonaSundaymorningandanelderlyperson.wasquickandsoIsignedusup.NorawasexcitedaboutShecouldunderstandtheimportanceoffood,soshecouldeasilyseehowourjobWhenSundaycame,shebutIhadleavethehouse.Onthewaytheschool,Ifoughtanturn.TheSundaypaperandwere234567waitingathome.WhydoStill,wephonedtheelderlypersonwe’dbeenappointed.SheinvitedusrightThebuildingwasabaduswasasilverhairedwomananolddress.Shetookthepackageaskedusin.Noraraninside.Iunwillinglyfollowed.Onceinside,IsawthatthedepartmentbelongedsomeoneOurhostessshowedusphotos.Noraandwhenthesaygoodbye,wethreehugged,Iwalkedtears.Professionalscallsucha(n)8“avolunteeropportunity”.Theyareopportunities,I’vecomesee.Whereelseasvolunteersdohavetheopportunitydosomething9that’sgoodforothersaswellasforyourself?NoraandIregularlyserveneedypeopleandcollectclothesforthehomeless.aswatchedhergrowoverthesepastfourIstillwonder—whichofus101.A.pulled2.A.areaBglancedB.partCwavedDaimedC.eyesightC.C.devotedC.shockingD.worldD.ignoranceDpostedD3.A.coldness4.A.delivered5.A.creativeB.illnessB.returnedB.valuable6.A.warn7.A.back8.A.stayB.stopC.allowC.upD.pushB.awayB.D.outCadventureC.C.triedDopinionD.enjoyableD.seized9.A.fairB.famousB.benefited10.A.improved二、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。A(get)herequitesoapartfromtheSami,veryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkorderkeepthelandnaturalstate.ThoughSamiareallowed12.___________(continue)theirtraditionalwayofthepark,noelsecanhere,andallnewdevelopment13._________(ban)withinparkboundaries.BThegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsdifferent14.__________(culture).Japan,someone15.____________witnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkmeansFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretasmeaningzero.shouldavoid16._________(make)thisgestureBrazilandasisnotconsideredpolite.CLastsomeAustralianstudentsourschoolforaThey17.____________(show)variousoptionalcourses.OneofourteacherstaughtthemsomethingaboutAsaIexplained18._________EnglishwhenTheywereimpressedbytheamazingChineseart,ofthemeventriedwritingcharacters19.___________(successful).remembertheenjoyablemoment,wetookphotostogetherthiswasreallyamemorable20.__________(reward)三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、、D）中，选出最佳选项。AThespatownofCheltenhamsitsontheedgeoftheCotswolds,thecountyofBelowalookatfourfabulousattractionsthatmakeCheltenhamsuchaterrificplacevisit.CheltenhamFestivalThefestivalanannual,fourdayfeastofracingand,onthelastfeaturesthefamousCheltenhamGoldCupSteeplechase.It’sadramaticraceofaround3andfurlongs,andthehorseshaveclear22fences.Anythingcanhappen.2020,thislastdayofthefestivaldrewacrowdof68,859.PittvilleParkvisitPittvillePark,you’llfinddividedintopartsbytheEveshamRoad.Theeasternsidehomethechildren’splayareaandwherepeoplecanwildlife.Meanwhile,onwesternsideoftheroad,you’llfindtheoftheparkareasofwoodland.There’salowerlakeatwhichcanfishduringfishingseason.That’snottheonlyThere’saskatepark,tenniscourts,andachildren’splayarea.HolstBirthplaceMuseumCheltenhamwasthebirthplaceofthe19thcenturyEnglishcomposerGustavHolst,andvisitorscanvisitthehomewhichhewasborn.receiveatasteofwhatwaslike,asthehomeboastsaworkingkitchen,andThemuseumalsoallowsdiscovercomposer’sandtimesbyallowingintohisroom.HerewherehecomposedThePlanets.SudeleyCastleThisprivatecastle,whichsurroundedbyoftheCotswolds,holdstheclaimtoofbeingtheonlycastleEnglandhaveaqueenburiedgrounds.Thecastlehaswitnessedallsortsofdramathroughouthistoryandoneoftheinterestingcastlesevervisit.wouldlikeinformationonCheltenhampleasethewebsite:www.ctladiesyouth.co.uk/.21.PittvilleParkunique______.A.gameareasB.horseracingC.beautifulD.children’sperformances22.WhichofthefollowingafanbeinterestedA.PittvillePark.B.SudeleyCastle.C.CheltenhamFestival.D.HolstBirthplace23.WherethisarticleprobablyA.AB.AC.Awebsite.D.Amagazine.BFoxneverthoughthe’daremarkablelife.Helikedsports,butnoonethoughthewastalented.Duringhisfirstyearthehehadapainhisrightknee,whichwassobadthathecouldn’tstandup.Hethedoctorfortests.TheyshowedthathehadHewasgoinglosehislegandbegivenanartificialone.familyandfriendsallgavehimfantasticsupport.saidthatheknewallthosepeoplereallycaredandhelpedHedecidedOnenightwaslookingthroughanarticleaboutDickwhoalsohadanartificiallegandhadruntheNewMarathon.hedoit,”thought“Ican,too.runacrossCanadaandraisemoneyforcancerresearch.willbeaMarathonofHope!”thenext16months,hadspecialtreatmentsforhisAndthenhealsobeganalittleeveryEachdayheranaIt5,300acrossCanada.hopedrunthirtyfortyadaysothatwouldtakehimsixmonths.Mostofall,hehoped$1forcancerresearch.Becausehadanartificialleg,runningwasn’teasyorstraightforward.Hehadbyjumpingononefoottwicethenastephisrealleg.Althoughlookedawkward,keptonrunning.Hisactionmadepeoplejoinhimasran:children,footballstars,wheelchairathletesandevenhisDarrell.Asran,peoplewavedcheered.muchmoneywasdonatedthatthevolunteersgarbagebagssoeveryonecouldgive.Then,outsideThunderOntario,feltasharppainhischest.Thepainwasfromcancer;thishislungs.HeabandontheMarathonafter3,339Hetoldthepeoplebeforeheleft,“Iwon’tup.IjusthopepeoplecontinueAndtheydid.Justundermillionwasgiven.receivednumerousawards.AthewasyoungestCanadianeverreceiveCanada’shighestaward,theCompanionoftheOrderofCanada.24.WhatmadedeciderunacrossCanada?A.HispassionforMarathon.B.TheinspiringexperienceofDickC.Thesupportofhisfamilyandfriends.D.Ananormallife.25.Peoplejoinedhimwhenheranmainlybecause___________.A.theyservedasvolunteersthemarathonB.theywerebythesceneofrunningC.theyconsideredasagreatheroD.theylovedrunningverymuch26.Whydidhefinallystopthemarathon?A.Hecollectedenoughmoneyforthedonation.B.HisfamilyandfriendspersuadedhimabandonC.Runningtheartificiallegwasn’tstraightforward.D.Hegreatpainhisbodybecauseofthe27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeA.Determined.B.Cooperative.Creative.D.Generous.CProfessorrecentlypersuaded35people,23ofwomen,keepadiaryofalltheirabsent-mindedactionsforafortnight.Whenheanalyzetheirembarrassinglapses(差错)ascientificreport,hewassurprisedfindthatnearlyallofthemfellintoafewgroupings.Nordidthelapsesappearbeentirelyrandom(随机的).Oneofthewomen,forinstance,onleavingherhouseforworkonemorningthrewherdogearringsandtriedfixadogbiscuitonher“Theexplanationforthisthatthebrainlikeaexplainsthe“Peoplethemselvesdocertainactivitieswasthewoman'scustomeverymorningthrowherdogtwobiscuitsandthenputonherearrings.Butsomehowtheactiongotturnedaroundtheprogramme.”Aboutonetwentyoftheincidentsvolunteersreportedwerethese“programmeassemblyfailures.”Altogetherthevolunteersdownunintentionalactionsthattheyfoundthemselvesdoing--anaverageofeach.Thereappearbepeakperiodsthedaywhenweareatourzaniest(荒谬可笑的).Thesearehourssometimebetweeneighta.m.andnoon,betweenfourandsixwithasmallerpeakbetweeneightandten“Amongthepeakseemsbewhenachangeoverbrain‘programmes’occurs,asforinstancebetweengoingandfromwork.”averagereportedslightlylapses--12.5compared10.9formenprobablybecausetheywerereliablereporters.Anunexpectedfindingoftheresearchthattheabsent-mindedactivityapotentialriskofdoingthingswhichweareskilled.wouldexpectthatskillreducesthenumberoferrorswemake.Butavoidsillyslipsbyconcentratingcouldmakethingsalotworse,evendangerous.28.Professordiscoveredthat_______.A.peopleweretooembarrassedadmittheirabsent-mindednessB.certainpatternsbeidentifiedtherecordedincidentsC.absent-mindednessanexcusablehumanweaknessD.tendbeabsent-mindedthanwomen29.“Programmeassemblyfailures”(Line6,Para.2)refersthephenomenonpeople______.A.oftenfailprogrammetheirroutinesbeforehandB.tendmakemistakeswhentheyareahurryC.unconsciouslychangetheorderofdoingthingsD.arelikelythingsuptheyaretootired30.Whatlearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.AbsentmindednesstendsoccurduringcertainhoursoftheB.areverycarefultoperformactionsduringpeakperiods.C.experiencepeakperiodsofabsentmindedness.D.Men’sabsentmindednessoftenresultsfunnysituations.31.Whatbeconcludedthepassage?A.Peopleshouldavoiddoingimportantthingsduringpeakperiodsoflapses.B.Riskscanavoidedpeoplethingstheyaregoodat.C.Lapsescannotbeconnectedlackofconcentration.D.Peopleshouldbecarefulwhenprogrammingtheiractions.DImproveCloudSecuritySensitivecustomerdatahasconstantlybeenfoundexposedoncloudserverswithoutpasswordprotection.easethedatabasesoftwaremakershavebeentryingmakesecurityeasierforclouddatabasemanagers.AttheConferenceSanFrancisco,KennWhite,asecuritymanageratdatabasesoftwaremakerMongoDB,describeatechnique,calledfieldencryption（字段级加密）,tomakedatasaferonthecloud.levelencryptionworksbyscramblingdatabeforesentaclouddatabaserearrangingorderwhenthedataneededforuse.Thepromiseoftheproductprotectthecontentsofaclouddatabase,evenbadaccessMongoDB’snewfeatureasandcompaniesmoveuserdatacloudservers,ratherthanruntheirowncostlydatacenters.waspredictedthatcloudcomputingwouldbea$214billionindustrybytheendof2022.Thatwouldbeupthan17%from2021,whenwas$182billion.Companieshaverushedcloudwithoutunderstandingallofthepossiblesecurityconsequences.Manycompanieshaveleftcountlessdatabasesexposed,revealingpersonaldata.Adatabasecontainingdetailsaboutwho80millionUShouseholdswasleftunprotected2020,andsowasthedataFacebookusers.Databasemanagerswantstoretheirdataanunreadablebuttheyalsowantbeablefindspecificpiecesofinformationthedatabaseasearchexample,someonemightwantlookuphealthcarepatientsbytheirSocialSecuritynumbers,eventhosenumbersarestoredasrandomcharacters.makethispossible,fieldlevelencryptionletsdatabasemanagersasearchtermontheirmachineandsendthedatabaseasaquery（搜索词条）.ThedatabasetheencryptedversionofthesearchtermtherecordstoringandthensendsbackThisapproachonlyworksspecifickindsofdata.example,fieldlevelencryptionusefulforlongtextentries,likenotesapatient’smedicalchart,becausecan'tsearchforindividualwords.Still,fordatalikeaccountnumbers,passwordsandgovernmentnumbers,fieldencryptionprotectsdataandmaintainsausabledatabase.MostWhitesaid,it’ssetup.Databasemanagersturnonaoneconfiguration（配置）changewhentheysetupthedatabase.“That’sreallypowerful”hesaidan32.Theunderlinedword“scrambling”Paragraph2probablymeans___________.A.B.collectingC.hidingD.storing33.WhatcanfieldlevelencryptionA.SecurethesafetyofInternetpages.B.Protectfilesauniqueofstorage.C.Stopbadfromaccessingthedatabase.D.Enablecompaniesstorefilesonthecloud.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Cloudcomputingachieveda17%increase2022.B.Companiesshoulduserdatacloudservers.C.Companiesmaybeunawareoftherisksofthecloud.D.Nocompanieswerewillingruntheirowndatacenters.35.Theauthorwrotethepassagemainly_______.A.presentfactsB.securityadviceD.introduceatechniqueC.recommendaproduct四、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。youarealreadymakingtheexercise,goodindeed!suchbusylives,canbehardtryandfindtheworkout.beyondbeingphysicallyfit.outthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefits●productivityimproved.Exercisingmakesawakeandreadyhandlewhateveraheadofforthe37●metabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.begettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholenotsleep.39Studiesfoundpeoplewhowokeupforexercisesleptbetterwhoworkoutthemornings,then●exercisedtheevening.Exerciseenergizessodifficultrelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenareveryexcited.●40workoutbrightandearlythemorning,belikelystickhealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheWhowouldwantruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?wantcontinuefocusonchoices.Therearealotofbenefitsworkingout,especiallythemornings.Setalarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselfworkout!feelenergizedalldaylong．A.stickdiet．B.qualityofsleepimproves．C.preferhealthyfoodfastfood．D.Therenoreasonshouldexercisethemorning．E.keepheadfor410hoursafterexercise．Afterexercise,continueburncaloriesthroughoutthe．G.youareplanningdoexerciseregularlyordoingthenlistenup!五、阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文和问题，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。DigitalInclusion(包容)OlderAdultsAsaresearcherthebehaviorofolderadults,Iregularlyhearcomplaintsfromthemlike,“I’mjustnotpartofthisworldanymore.certainpartsofIjustcan’tjoin…SomethingsjustarenotpossiblearenottheflowoftheInternet.”orfeellikewe’restandingoutsideabuildingthatwehavenoaccessmasteringdigitaltechnologyhasbecomeacomponentofwhatmeansfullyparticipateButoneareaparticularthreatenspreventsomeolderadultsfrommakingconnections:thedigitaldivide.Asarecentstudyshows,onethirdofadultsaged65andoldersaythey’veneverusedtheInternet,andhalfdon’thaveInternetaccessathome.OfthosedousetheInternet,nearlyhalfsaytheyneedsomeoneelse’shelpsetuporuseadigitaldevice.contrastconcernsabouttechnologyuseincreasingisolation(孤立；隔离)youngerpopulations,thecommunicationandconnectionpossibleonlinecanbeespeciallyvaluableforolderadultswhoarehomebound,farawayfromorhavelostthelovedones.Olderadultscanonlinetoolsconnectfriendsandfamilymessagingplatforms,videochat,andsocialeventheycannolongerphysicallythem.Andtheycanengagetheoutsideworldthroughnews,blogs,streamingplatforms,andeventheyarenolongerableaboutaseasilyastheyoncecould.olderadultstherisksassociatedwithsocialisolationareprofound.Lonelinessamongolderadultshasbeenassociateddepression,functionaldecline,anddeath.canserveasanimportanttooltohelpreducetheserisks,butonl