奈达功能对等理论指导下对云南城市旅游景点介绍的翻译实践分析研究 英语学专业

ChapterTwoResearchandReflectionWhenitcomestourismtranslation,themostimportantistodescribeaboutthehotspotssceneryintroductionandtoshowitscharacteristicswithinChineseculture.Inordertomaketargetlanguagereadersgetthesamefeelingwithoriginallanguagelearners,therearefourpartsinthispassage,thetranslatorwillanalyzeanddiscussthefourtranslationprinciplesadoptedinthepassage..2.1TheanalysisofsourcecontextThepracticesponsoredbythetranslatorisabouttourismtranslation,whichischosenfromBOUNDLESSSHOOTING,isattractingtourismintroduction.BecauseofthegreatdifferencebetweenChineseandEnglish，thetranslatorshouldbeconcernedaboutculturedifferenceintranslation,soitisimportanttoshowthecorrespondingmeaninginthetargetlanguage,notjusttheformalequivalence.Thetourismspotsarechosenfromabookthatdescribesthetourismscenery.TheintroductionisfullofancientChinesecharacteristics.Therefore,itisdifferentforforeignerstounderstandtheclassicalChinesecultureexpression.SounderthepracticeofNida'sfunctionalequivalencetheory,bytranslatingthecomplexdialoguesintotargetlanguage,itwillbecomemucheasier.Soitisacceptablethatequivalencecanbeadoptedinthetranslationpractice.2.2TheapplicationoffunctionalequivalencetheoryintotourismtranslationInNida’sfunctionalequivalencetheory,NidadefinestranslationastosendthesameoriginalmessageinsociallanguageandlanguagecommounciationfunctionbyusingthemostrelevantequivalencefactorInordertoachieveitsexpectedgoal,thetranslatorshouldtranslatethecontextincludingmessage.thewaytheyusetotalk,thepassagestylistic,languagecultureandthesocialfactor.2.2.3StylisticequivalenceDifferenttranslationhasitsuniquelanguagecharacteristic,thedifferentlanguagestylisticanddifferentculturefactors.Forexample,inapoemtranslation,thetranslatorshouldreflectitsinnermeaning,stylisticandtheoriginalwriter'spassagethinkingandthepoemculture.Soitcanbeshownthatinthetourismtranslation,itshouldbeconciseanddistinct.Itshouldbeeasilytoreadandremember.Thetranslationshouldhighlighttheuniquelocalcultureandthestoryofitsspots.Thentherewillbemoreforeigntouriststogetknowaboutspots,toachievebetterpublicity.Forexamplethesentenceinoriginalpassage.Originaltext:阳春三月，半山之上花红柳绿、云海相拥，更是衬得苍山雪景冰清玉洁，堪与阿尔卑斯山媲美。Translationtext:InMarch,atthehalfwayofmountaintherearebrightredblossomsandgreenwillows,acrosscloudssea,makesthepureCangshansnow,isonaparwithAlps.Interpretation:UndertheblackboardofChineseculture,addsomefactorsthattargetlanguagereaderscanacceptismuchbetter.Inthissentence,thereareChinesefour-characteridiomsposegreatdifficultytotranslation.Thetranslatorreproducethestylesandcharacteristicstoexplainthesentence.2.2.4TextualequivalenceTextualequivalenceshouldremainthepassage'ssemanticcontentandhavethesameofexpressionfeaturesinpartoforiginalpassage.Originaltext:石林撒尼人是彝族的一个支系，世代与石林共生共息，创造出以“阿诗玛”为代表的彝族文化。“阿诗玛”不仅代表了石林的形象，也代表了云南省的旅游形象。Translation:ThegroupsthatcreateAshimaasrepresentiveofYinationalitycultureareSanipeoplewhohavelivedwithShilinforgenerations，andtheyarethebranchofYinationalityAshimarepresentsShilinimageaswellasYunnanprovinceimage.Interpretation:Inthistext,roughlytranslateas“TheSanipeoplearethepartofYinationality,theyhavelivedtogetherandhavecommonbenefit.”Itisverbosetotranslatelikethis,becauseitisChinglishthatjustbetranslatedword-for-word.Inordertomakethetargetreadersacceptmoreeasily,thetranslatortranslatortranslatethesentencelikethetranslationtext.Originaltext:月色，水光，舟影、桨声融合在一起，形成一幅优美的图画。Translation:TotallyfollowingthecustomsofBainationality,theBaifishingvillageacrosstheErhaiwillgoboatinginErhai,enjoyingthegoldenmoon,themoonscenery,thewatersaswellasboatshallowandthecreakofoars,whenitcomestotheMid-autumnfestivals.Interpretation:Translationofscenerydescriptionisadifficultpartintourismtranslation.Referringtothesentence,thetranslatortriestoexpressthesentencemeaning.Thoughthetranslationalittledifferentfromthesourcetext,thetranslatorusesexplainingwordstotranslatethesentence.2.3TheanalysisoftheapplicationskillsActuallyintranslation,thetranslatormainlytakesdomesticatingtranslationinpaper,theyalsochoosefreetranslationandreductiontodealwithmanyproblemsduringthetranslationwork.Tourismspotsintroductionusuallyuseakindoftermthatiscolloquial.Translationword-for-wordmayresultintheversionunintelligiblewhichdisagreeswidelyinEnglishusage.However,thepapershouldbestraightforwardandexpressthetruefeelingsinfreetranslationadoptionthatcancommounciatetheexpressionwithsourcelanguage.Forexample,intheoriginalcontext,thesentence“活水如云”doesn’tmeansthewaterjustlikethecloud.Fromthecontext,whendescribeaboutKunming’strafficcondition,itmeansthatalotofpassengersacrosstheroad.So,itismuchappropriatetotranslateitasThepedestrianscomeandgojustlikeanendlessstream.Anothersentence“位于昆明呈贡县的斗南镇，是全国鲜花市场的心脏.”Inthissentence,itdoesn’tmeanthatDounantownistheheartofChina’sflowermarket.Actually,theword“心脏”isusedtostressthegreatimportanceofDounantowninthewholeflowermarket.Thereforethissentenceshouldbetranslatedas“Dounantown,locatedinKunmingZhengong,whichisthemarketcentreofChina’sflowermarket.2.4TranslationreflectionInthispassage,thetranslatortranslatetheplacenames.Actually,Chineseplacenamestranslationisatypicalspecialproblem.Andtranslatorcanusetwocommomlywaystodealwiththiscondition,namely,foreignizationanddomestication.Innameofpeopleandplacetranslation,thetranslatorshouldtakeculturalintoaccount.Therearesomeplacenamessuchas“云南,昆明，大理，苍山，丽江，洱海”translatedstraightlyas“Yunnan,Kunming,Dali,Cangshan,Lijiang,Erhai.”Morever,therealsosomewordshavedeepmeanings,suchas“共生共息”and“冰清玉洁.”Thetranslatorthinkthatthesewordsthoughgenerallyusedtodescribepeople,butinthispaper,theyareadopedtodescribetherelationshipbetweenSaninationaliyandstoneforestandthebeautifulsceneryofsnowinCangshan.Thetranslatortranslate“共生共息”into“havecommonbenefitandlivetogether.”BecausethiswordsinthepapertellthecloserelationbetweenSanipeopleandstoneforest.Soitisappropriatetoshowinthisway.Theword“冰清玉洁”istranslatedinto“thepureCangshansnow”.ForthereasonthatthiswordisusedtodescribethebeautifulsnowsceneryinCangshan.Inshort,inadditiontomasteralltechniques,freeusagesaremuchmoreimportant.Thetranslationshouldbeflexiblesoastoachieveasmuchculturalequivalenceaspossible.ChapterThreeConclusionTourismtranslationabidesbythemainprinciplesoftheliterarytranslation,themostimportantistosendthesourcepassagemeaning.Thetourismpassageisobviouseasytounderstand,andalotofdescriptionsaboutsceneryareapparentlyeasytobeacceptedbytargetreaders,sotranslatorschoosepassagesinthisbook.Second,thetourismtranslationalsohassomelimits,itmayhavesomewordsthatunderstoodreaders,itmayremainpoemthattranslatorsmustsenditsdeeplymeaning,anditshouldbeshortandsimplythatreaderscanrememberitquickly.Sothetourismtranslationshouldbenotonlysimplebutalsofullysendthemeaning.Accordingtothetranslation，thereadersrealizethemostimportantthingisthathowtomakethetargetreadersreceivethemessagesassoonaspossible.However,thetranslatorfindsitisnoteasytoadoptthefourprinciplesinfunctionalequivalence.AsNidasaid,Sincenotranslationisevercompletelyequivalent,Anumberofdifferenttranslationcaninfactrepresentvarydegreeofequivalence.So,equivalencedoesn’tmeansthetranslatedversionandtheoriginalversionarequitethesamenumerically.Itisonlybeunderstoodasproximity,namely,onthebasisofdegreeofclosenesstofunctionalidentity.Despiteallofthis,therearesomeimperfectionsinthispaper,butthetranslatortriestoavoidthemandmakethetargetreadersexperiencethecharmoftheChineseculture.Accordingtothetranslationpractice,thetranslatorhasarenewedsenseintranslation.Thetranslatoristhesubjectoftranslation,sothetranslatorshouldgivefullplaytohisabilityonthebasisofdevelopingprevioustheorists’achievementstoachieverealculturalcommunication.Thepaper’sresearchoftheapplicationoffunctionalequivalencetheoryintosubtitletranslationisbasedonthepersonaltranslationpractice.However,thetranslatorislackofliteraryknowledgeandtranslationexperience,sothedepthofthepaperhasafewlimitations.Inaddition,theauthorishopefulthattherearemoreChineseanimationsaregainingfavor,andmoreandmoreforeignerslearnaboutChineseculture.Bibliography[1]BakerM.Routledge,EncyclopediaofTranslati