辽宁省大连市部分重点高中2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE19辽宁省大连市部分重点中学2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第I卷选择题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10个小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMyfamilylivesinTexas.IwasbornandbroughtupinTexasandIamagraduateoftheUniversityofTexas.However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!Irealizedthisaftercompletingmyfirst-yearinternship(实习期).IknewIwantedsomethingdifferentandmychancecameduringthe2024SuperBowlinDallas.Asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowandthousandsofpeopleweregathered.IheardbychancethatStubHub,abigcompanyfromagreatcity,SanFrancisco,wasthrowingapartynextdoortomyhotel.IthoughtifIcouldgetaninternship,Icouldleaveforthesummerandatleastseewhatitwaslike.Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.Therewasjustoneproblem:Iwasn’tinvitedtotheStubHubparty.ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindlyintroducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.Althoughthelegaldepartmentonlyhadatemporarypositionforme,theexperiencehasshapedmylife.WorkingforagreatcompanyinSanFrancisco,I’mveryhappyformakingmydecisiontoleaveTexas.ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortable.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.1.WhathappenedtotheauthorinDallasin2024?A.Shewasacceptedasalegalintern. B.SheplayedintheSuperBowl.C.SheescapedfromSanFrancisco. D.Shemetupwithherfamily.2.Whichisthebiggestlessonthattheauthorlearnedfromtheexperience?A.Youmustchooseacareerthatyoulike.B.Jumpingoutofyourcomfortzoneisrewarding.C.Acceptingwhoyouaremakesyourealizeyourstrengths.D.Youshouldlistentoyourfamilytolearnaboutyourpotential.3.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patientandmodest. B.Supportiveandenergetic.C.Intelligentandhumorous. D.Determinedandpositive.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲解并描述了自己高校毕业后通过努力为自己争取到了一家大公司的法律实习生岗位，并通过这次经验发出感慨：走出舒适区会有许多好处。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern（你猜怎么着?他们接受了我的恳求去当法律实习生）”可知，作者提出的想当法律实习生的申请被通过了。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段中“yleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortable.（离开德克萨斯州后，我明白了尝试生疏的事物比呆在舒适的环境中更有意义。）”可知，作者在这次经验中领悟到了，跳出舒适区是特别有益的。故选B项。【3题详解】推理推断题。A.Patientandmodest.有耐性的、虚心的；B.Supportiveandenergetic.支持的、精力充足的；C.Intelligentandhumorous.聪慧的、幽默的；D.Determinedandpositive.坚决的、主动的。从第一段末尾“Iwantedtoleave!（我想离开!）”和其次段末尾“Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.（是的，这是一个巨大的飞跃。我告知自己我打算好了。）”可知，作者是一个特别有决心的人；依据第三段其次句“ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.（但你知道我是那种追求自己想要的东西的人。）”可知，作者对于自己想要的东西会特别主动地去追求。所以作者是有决心且主动的人。故选D项。BMoveover,helicopterparents.“Snowplow(扫雪机)parents”arethenewestreflectionofanintensive(强化的)parentingstylethatcanincludeparentsbookingtheiradultchildrenhaircuts,textingtheircollegekidstowakethemupsotheydon’tsleepthroughatest,andevencallingtheirkids’employers.Helicopterparenting,thepracticeofwanderinganxiouslynearone’schildren,monitoringtheireveryactivity,isso20thcentury.Somerichmothersandfathersnowaremorelikesnowplows:machinesmovingahead,clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration(挫折)orloseopportunities.Itstartsearly,whenparentsgetonwaitlistsforexcellentpreschoolsbeforetheirbabiesarebornandtrytomakesuretheirkidsneverdoanythingthatmayfrustratethem.Itgetsmoreintensewhenschoolstarts:runningforgottenhomeworktoschoolorcallingacoachtorequestthattheirchildrenmaketheteam.Richparentsmayhavemoretimeandmoneytodevotetomakingsuretheirchildrendon’tevermeetwithfailure,butit’snotonlyrichparentspracticingsnowplowparenting.Thisintensiveparentinghasbecomethemostwelcomewaytoraisechildren,regardlessofincome,education,orrace.Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmature(成熟的)enoughtodoso.That’swhyparentshidecertaintoysfrombabiestoavoidgettingangryortakeawayateenager’scarkeysuntilhefinisheshiscollegeapplications.Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.Ifchildrenhaveneverfacedadifficulty,whathappenswhentheygetintotherealworld?“Solvingproblemstakingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,”manychilddevelopmentexpertssay,“andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tgainthem.”4.Whatdoweknowaboutsnowplowparenting?A.Itappearedbeforehelicopterparenting.B.Itcostsparentslessthanhelicopterparenting.C.Itwasatypicalphenomenonofthe20thcentury.D.Itprovidesmorethanenoughservicesforchildren.5.Whydoestheauthormentionparents’takingawaycarkeys?A.Toshowteenagersarenobetterthanbabies.B.Toadviseteenagersnottotreattheircarsastoys.C.Toadviseparentsnottobuycarsfortheirteenagers.D.Toshowit’scorrecttohelpchildrenwhennecessary.6.What’sthepossibleresultofsnowplowparentingaccordingtotheexperts?A.Childrenlackingproblem-solvingabilityinreality.B.Childrenmasteringmorekeylifeskillsthanparents.C.Childrengaininggreatsuccessineveryaspectoflife.D.Childrenmeetingnoproblemsorfrustrationaftergrowingup【答案】4.D5.D6.A【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章认为，扫雪机式的父母为孩子扫除成长道路上的一切障碍，剥夺了孩子受挫折和培育生存技能的机会，对孩子的成长是不利的。4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration(挫折)orloseopportunities.（清除他们孩子胜利道路上的任何困难，所以他们不必遭遇失败，挫折或失去机会。）”和倒数其次段第一句“Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.（但一些专家说，扫雪机父母可能做得太过了。）”可知，作者认为扫雪机式的父母剥夺了孩子面对困难和挫折的机会，他们为孩子供应的一切远远多于孩子所须要的。故选D项。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第三段第一句“Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmature(成熟的)enoughtodoso.（是的，支持孩子是父母的职责，在孩子还不够成熟的时候，用他们成年人的才智为将来做打算。）”可知，作者并非完全不赞成父母对孩子的管理和干涉，在孩子不成熟的时候赐予恰当合理的支持和干预是为人父母应尽的义务。作者举“父母拿走孩子车钥匙”的例子是想证明，这是父母恰当干预孩子的正确示例。故选D项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段中儿童专家所说的话“Solvingproblems,takingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tgainthem.（解决问题，冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，假如父母不让他们的孩子经验失败，孩子就不会得到这些。）”可知，扫雪机式的父母为孩子扫平了成长道路上的一切障碍，使得孩子失去了培育各种生活技能的机会，将来走上社会必定会缺乏解决实际问题的实力。故选A项。CItiswellknownthatmalehumpbackwhales(座头鲸)areskilledsingers.Theirsongsarethoughttoattractfemalesinhighfrequencysoundswhiletocompetewithothermalesinlowfrequencysounds.ResearchledbytheWildlifeConservationSocietyhasnowmadeanewdiscovery.Thestudylookedatthesongsoftwohumpbackwhalepopulations,basedonsoundrecordingscollectedfrom2013to2024.OnegroupwasbasedintheSouthAtlantic,offthecoastofGabon,andtheotherintheIndianOceannearMadagascar.Analysisoftherecordingsshowedthatthetwogroupspickedupmusicalideasfromeachotherandborrowedphrasesandthemesintotheirlatestsong.Thissuggestedthatthemalesfromthetwogroupscameintocontactwitheachotheroverthefiveyearsandsharedsongs.Touncoverthismusicalcooperation,researchersrecordedthesongsandtranscribethemintomorethan1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,orsongunits.Theyfoundthattheunitswerecomposedintolargerphrases,whichwerethenrepeatedtoformthemes.Thesethemesweresungforhoursatatime,orevendays.By2024,bothpopulationshavebeensinginglargelythesamesongs."Thissimilarityinthesongsshowsthatthesetwopopulationscomeintoclosercontactthanothersouthernpopulations,explainsDrMelindaRekdahl,leadingauthorofthestudy.Aswellasbeinganinterestingphenomenon,sheexplainsthatthosesongsallowevengreaterinsightintotheworkingsofthehumpbackwhalepopulations.7.Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofthepurposeofmalehumpbackwhales'songs?A.Tohavefun.B.Toattractotherfish.C.Toincreasethepopulationoftheirgroup.D.Toattractfemalesandcompetewithothermales.8.Howcouldthetwogroupsofhumpbackwhalesinresearchsingsimilarsongs?A.Theywerebornwiththosesongs.B.Theresearcherscomposedsimilarsongsforthem.C.Themalewhalesfromthetwogroupslearnedsingingfromeachother.D.Themalewhalestaughtthefemalessongsfromtheothergroup.9Whatdoestheunderlinedword"transcribeinParagraph3mean?A.Change. B.Describe.C.Create. D.Enjoy.10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AKindofMagicWhales. B.MaleHumpbackWhalesShareSongs.C.TheBiggestOceanAnimals. D.TheWorkingsofHumpbackWhalePopulations.【答案】7.D8.C9.A10.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲解并描述了雄性座头鲸的声音，以及他们声音的传播共享。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Theirsongsarethoughttoattractfemalesinhighfrequencysoundswhiletocompetewithothermalesinlowfrequencysounds.”人们认为，雄性座头鲸的歌声能在高频吸引雌性，而在低频与其他雄性竞争。吸引雌性并与其他雄性竞争。故选D项。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“Thissimilarityinthesongsshowsthatthesetwopopulationscomeintoclosercontactthanothersouthernpopulations”这两首歌的相像性表明，这两个族群的接触比其他南方族群更为亲密。可知这两组雄性鲸鱼相互学习唱歌。故选C项。【9题详解】词义揣测题。第三段“Touncoverthismusicalcooperation,researchersrecordedthesongsandtranscribethemintomorethan1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,”为了揭示这种音乐上的合作，探讨人员记录了这些歌曲，并将它们转录成1500多个单独的声音和模式。由“songs”到“1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,”是一个“转变，变更”。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。文章首句“Itiswellknownthatmalehumpbackwhales(座头鲸)areskilledsingers.”起先到最终一的探讨报告，通段通篇在探讨雄性座头鲸的声音，以及他们声音的传播共享。故选B项。其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatisyourbeststudytime?Doyoufeelmostlikestudyinginthelatehoursofthenight?______11______Butthatcanbeaproblemforparentsandschoolofficials.Whilesomestudentsliketogetupearlyinthemorningandstudy,mostwillsaythatlatenightstudyingismostproductive.Whenitcomestobrainpower,studentswillsaytheyperformbetteratnightandthefactthatparentsmightfindsurprisingandinterestingisthatscienceseemstoagree.Thatcanbeaproblem!Schoolstartsearlyinthemorningformoststudents,sothebenefitsofstudyingatnightcanbereducedbythedrowsiness(昏昏欲睡)ofmissingsleep!___12___Hereareafewtipsformaximizingstudytime.●______13______Youmightsurpriseyourself.Trygettingupearlytostudyandseeifitworksout.●Haveatalkwithparentstotellthemthatteenbrainsdoperformbetteratnight,soyouwon’thavetodealwithmiscommunication.______14______Youmightbeabletocomeupwithasolution.●Agreeonanabsolute“starttime”forstudyingifyouneedtostudylate.TurnofftheTV!Yourbrainshouldbejustfineatsixorseveno’clock.Youdon’tneedtostartafterdark.●Agreeonasoliddeadlineforclosingbooksandgettingtosleep.●______15______Youcandoallofthatearlyeveningandgetseriouslaterintheeveningifyou’reanightowl.●Uponoccasion,youmaybeabletogotoschoolalittlelateifyouhavetostudyforanafternoontest.Aslongasyouarecommunicatingwithyourparents,andaslongasthetardinessdoesn’thurtyourgrades,youmaybeabletoworkthisout.A.Showthemthescience.B.Ifso,youarenotalone.C.Don’twastetimeontexts,games,andsocialmedia.D.Ifnot,adjustyourstudyhabitsasquicklyasyoucan.E.Therefore,it’sagoodideatostudyearlyintheevening.F.Figureoutifyouareamorningpersonoranightperson.G.Sciencealsoshowsthattheamountofsleepyougetwillaffectyouracademicperformance.【答案】11.B12.G13.F14.A15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。不同的人有不同的学习习惯，有的喜爱早晨学习，有的却在夜晚的学习效果更佳。文章向读者介绍了使学习时间最大化的方法。【11题详解】上文“Doyoufeelmostlikestudyinginthelatehoursofthenight（你最喜爱在深夜学习？）”与B项“假如是，你不是一个人”承接自然，上文提出问题，选项对问题进行回答，且so指代上文“喜爱在深夜学习”这种状况。故选B项。【12题详解】依据第三段中“thebenefitsofstudyingatnightcanbereducedbythedrowsiness(昏昏欲睡)ofmissingsleep!（晚上学习的好处会因为缺少睡眠而降低!）”可知，本段说的是睡眠时间对学习效率的影响，选项G中“科学也指出睡眠时间的长短会影响学习成果”符合第三段关于睡眠时间影响学习的主要内容。故选G项。【13题详解】选项F中“弄清晰你是一个早起的人还是一个夜猫子。”而空后的内容“Trygettingupearlytostudyandseeifitworksout.（试着早起学习，看看效果如何。）”是给出详细的方法，前后连接紧密，符合逻辑。故选F项。【14题详解】空前建议读者“Haveatalkwithparentstotellthemthatteenbrainsdoperformbetteratnight,soyouwon’thavetodealwithmiscommunication.（与父母谈一次话，告知他们青少年的大脑在晚上运转更好，这样你就不必处理误会了）”，目的是让父母不至于误会自己的行为。选项A中建议“向他们展示科学理论”是继谈话之后的更进一步的沟通，通过展示科学理论最终可能会找到解决问题的方法。A项中的them指代前文的parents，符合逻辑。故选A项。【15题详解】依据空后的“Youcandoallofthatearlyeveningandgetseriouslaterintheeveningifyou’reanightowl.（假如你是夜猫子，你可以在晚上早些时候做这些事情，然后在晚些时候做重要的事情。）”可知，夜猫子型的人应当把重要的事情留到晚些时候去做，而把不重要的事情调整到晚上的早些时候去做，C项中的“短信，嬉戏和社交媒体”属于不重要的事情，应当在晚上早些时候做，且后文的“that”就指代选项提到那些事。故选C项。其次部分:语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节:完型填空(共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)[来源:.Com]阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atlunchtime,Henry,TomandIbeganour____16____routineofourlunches.Iglancedacrossthebusycafeteriaandsawthe____17____student,Jack.Hewasholdinghisplateandwaitinginlines.Henry____18____himtoo.“Why’sthenewkiddressedliketheheadmaster?”heasked.Tomlaughed.“Jackiscool.He’sinmyEnglishandhistoryclasses,”Isaid.However,Ikeptthe____19____thatJackandIhadbecomefriendswhenweworkedonaprojecttogether.We____20____thatwewerebothenthusiasticreaders––somethingIwouldneveradmittoHenryandTom.IsawthatJackwas___21___towardus.“Don’tdoit,”Ithought,butinsecondshewasatourtable.Myfriendsraisedtheireyebrows.They____22____theirbackpacksonthetableandchairssothattherewasno____23____leftforanotherpersontositdown.Tomsaid,“Idon’tthinkwehaveroom.”Thisembarrassingsituation____24____theair.IcouldfeelJacklookingatme,butIstaredatmy___25___asifitcontainedpreciouspearlsofwisdominsteadofriceandbeans.Afteralong,____26____pause,Jackleft.I____27____havespokenupforhim,butIcouldn’twalkawayfrommytwofriends,couldI?Jackdidn’tspeaktomeafterthat___28___.Hewassoon___29___aroundwithanothergroupofkids.Afewmonthslater,IsawanannouncementaboutJackbeingchosentobepresidentoftheclassbookclub.IwashappyforJack’sachievements,butIrealizedIhadmadeabigmistake___30___Isaidnothingatthelunchtablethatday.WhywasIso___31___thatmyfriendsmightfindoutthatIliketoread?AsIstaredattheannouncement,IknewIneededto___32___toJack––evenifhedidnotwanttobecomemyfriendagain.Iwascertainthatmytwofriendswouldnot___33___.IwasalsocertainthatI___34___losingthemaswell.However,IknewthatIwouldlosemyselfifIdidnothing.Asthebellrang,Igatheredupmybooks,took(a)deep___35___,andwenttofindJack.16.A.special B.particular C.regular D.occasional17.A.good B.top C.lucky D.new18.A.noticed B.helped C.examined D.called19A.words B.ideas C.truth D.promise20.A.forgot B.argued C.discussed D.discovered21.A.running B.flying C.walking D.driving22.A.piled B.pressed C.preferred D.pushed23.A.book B.food C.time D.space24.A.forced B.froze C.forgot D.forbade25.A.face B.lunch C.backpack D.table26.A.unsatisfied B.affordable C.uncomfortable D.avoidable27.A.need B.should C.would D.must28.A.greeting B.change C.meeting D.lesson29.A.turning B.looking C.showing D.hanging30.A.before B.until C.when D.after31.A.confused B.surprised C.excited D.afraid32.A.adapt B.apologize C.smile D.refer33.A.refuse B.agree C.mind D.choose34.A.risked B.permitted C.tried D.suggested35.A.delight B.silence C.breath D.thought【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.C20.D21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.C27.B28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者由于胆怯 失去已有的两个挚友而不敢承认新相识的挚友Jack，后来作者意识到了自己的错误，确定向Jack致歉。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：午饭时，亨利、汤姆和我起先吃午饭。A.special特殊的；B.particular特殊的；C.regular有规律的；D.occasional偶然的，临时的。依据该空后的routine（常规，惯例）可知，此处指午饭时间吃午饭，是有规律的事情。故选C项。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐厅，望见了新来的学生杰克。A.good好的；B.top最佳的；C.lucky幸运的；D.new新的。依据其次段中Henry所说的话“Why’sthenewkiddressedliketheheadmaster?（为什么新来的孩子穿得像校长?）”可知，此处指Jack是个新生。故选D项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利也留意到了他。A.noticed留意到；B.helped帮助；C.examined检查；D.called呼叫。依据空后的too可知，此处指Henry也做了和“我”一样的动作，上文提到“Iglancedacrossthebusycafeteriaandsawthenewstudent,Jack.(我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐厅，望见了新来的学生杰克。”可知，此处指Herry也留意到了Jack。故选A项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我隐瞒了我和杰克是在一起做项目时成为挚友的事实。A.words消息；B.ideas观点，办法；C.truth事实；D.promise承诺。该句中主句动词kept是一般过去式，而that引导的同位语从句中谓语hadbecome是过去完成式，表明在主句动作发生时，从句动作已经发生，即“我”和Jack是挚友这件事已经是事实了。该段句首作者说“Jackiscool.（杰克很酷）”来赞扬杰克，可推断他和Jack已经成为挚友了。故选C项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们发觉我们都是热忱的读者——这是我恒久不会向亨利和汤姆承认的。A.forgot遗忘；B.argued争辩；C.discussed探讨；D.discovered发觉。依据宾语从句的内容“thatwewerebothenthusiasticreaders（我们都是热忱的读者）”可知，此处指作者和Jack都发觉了双方的共同点，因此才成为了挚友，故选D项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我望见杰克正向我们走来。A.running跑；B.flying飞；C.walking走；D.driving驾驶。依据第一段中的“thebusycafeteria（繁忙的餐厅）”可知故事发生在餐厅里，又依据后文的“butinsecondshewasatourtable.（但几秒钟后，他就来到了我们的桌子旁。）”可知，Jack是向“我们”走过来，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，这样就没有地方留给另一个人坐下。A.piled积累；B.pressed按压；C.preferred偏爱；D.pushed推。宾语是背包，又依据后文sothat引导的目的状语从句的内容可知，此处指他们为了不让别人坐下就尽可能地把背包堆满桌子和椅子，故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，这样就没有地方留给另一个人坐下了。A.book书；B.food食物；C.time时间；D.space空间，地方。依据后文的“Idon’tthinkwehaveroom.（我想我们没有地方了。）”可知，此处他们是用书包占据了地方，故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个尴尬的局面使空气都凝固了。A.forced强迫；B.froze冻结，凝固；C.forgot遗忘；D.forbade禁止。依据第11空后的pause（暂停）可知，此处谁都没有说话，仿佛一切都静止了，空气都凝固了，故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到杰克在盯着我看，但我盯着自己的午餐，似乎里面没有米饭和豆子，而是才智的明珠。A.face脸；B.lunch午餐；C.backpack背包；D.table桌子。依据后文的“insteadofriceandbeans（而不是米饭和豆子）”可知，此处作者不敢面对Jack，只是低头看着自己的午餐。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过一段许久的、令人担忧的缄默，杰克离开了。A.unsatisfied不满足的；B.affordable负担得起的；C.uncomfortable不舒适的；D.avoidable可避开的。结合前文语境，作者在Jack看向自己的时候不敢抬头面对他，仿佛整个空气都凝固了，可知此处作者感觉那段时间的缄默令人很不舒适，故选C项。【27题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我应当为他说话，但我不能离开我的两个挚友，对吗?A.need须要；B.should应当；C.would将要；D.must必需。shouldhavedone表示“本应当做某事（而事实上并没有做）”，依据but后的“不能离开两个挚友”，可知作者事实上并未为Jack说话，故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次碰面后杰克没跟我说话。A.greeting问候；B.change变更，变更；C.meeting会议，碰面；D.lesson教训，课。结合上文可知，此处指在那次的餐厅碰面之后Jack再也没跟作者说过话。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快就和另一群孩子混在一起了。A.turning转向；B.looking看；C.showing展示，表明；D.hanging悬挂。固定短语hangaround意为：闲逛。此处指Jack在与“我们”碰面遭到拒绝后，很快找到了新的玩伴，故选D项。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我为杰克的成果感到兴奋，但我意识到当我那天在午餐桌上什么也没说的时候我犯了一个大错误。A.before在……之前；B.until直到；C.when当……时；D.after在……之后。此处when引导时间状语从句，表明作者意识到自己在何时犯了大错误，故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么我当时如此胆怯 我的挚友会发觉我喜爱阅读?A.confused困惑的；B.surprised惊异的；C.excited兴奋的；D.afraid担忧的，胆怯 的。依据第三段最终一句中“somethingIwouldneveradmittoHenryandTom.（这是我恒久不会向亨利和汤姆承认的。）”可知，作者胆怯 让挚友们知道自己喜爱阅读，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看着公告的时候，我知道我必需向杰克致歉——即使他不想再成为我的挚友。A.adapt使适应，改编；B.apologize致歉；C.smile微笑；D.refer参考。依据上文“IrealizedIhadmadeabigmistake（我意识到我犯了大错）”可知此处作者想向Jack致歉。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确信我的两个挚友不会同意。18.A.refuse拒绝；B.agree同意；C.mind介意；D.choose选择。依据上文“我的挚友们”对Jack所做的不友好的举动可推想，他们是不会同意作者向Jack致歉的。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也确信我也有失去他们的危急。A.risked冒险；B.permitted允许；C.tried尝试；D.suggested建议，表明。前文说“Iwascertainthatmytwofriendswouldnotagree.（我确信我的两个挚友不会同意。）”可知，假如他向Jack致歉就会惹挚友们生气，使得他冒失去挚友的危急。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：铃声一响，我就把书收起来，深吸了一口气，然后去找杰克。A.delight兴奋；B.silence缄默；C.breath呼吸；D.thought思想。固定短语takeadeepbreath意为：深吸一口气。这里指作者做好了充分的打算，故选C项。第II卷非选择题其次节(共10题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Ourworldmay____36____(fill)withdriverlesscarsinthenearfuture.But_____37_____willwecommunicatewiththemifthere’snobodyinthedriver’sseat?Atpresent,driverscanmakegestureslike____38____(nod)whentheyletuscrossthestreet.____39____ofcourse,self-drivingcarsdon’thavethisability.UScarmakerFordanditspartnerVirginiaTech____40____(try)tosolvethisproblem.Theteamistestingamethod____41____useslightsignals.Forexample,aslowblinking(闪耀的)lightshowsthecariscomingto____42____stop,andarapidlyflashinglighttellspassers-bythatthecarisabouttospeedup.___43___(test)themethodonrealroads,theteamhasdesignedaspecialsuitthatlookslikeacarseat.Whenadriverwearsit,itappearsasifthecarisdriverless.Theteam____44____(success)collectedmorethan1,500hoursofdata,recordinghowpeopleinteracted(互动)witha“driverless”car.Fordsaysitplanstosharethedata_____45_____11othercarmakers,whichshouldleadtoasignalingsystemtobeusedineverydriverlesscar.【答案】36.befilled37.how38.nodding39.However40.aretrying41.that/which42.a43.Totest44.successfully45.with【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汽车制造商和专家在无人驾驶汽车与行人进行沟通互动方面做出的努力和取得的成果。【36题详解】考查被动语态。句意：在不久的将来，我们的世界可能会充溢无人驾驶汽车。结合提示词fill（填充，充溢）并分析句子成分可知，主句ourworld与cars是被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词may，所以设空处的be动词应用原形。故填befilled。【37题详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：但是假如没有人坐在驾驶座上，我们怎么和它们沟通呢?依据句尾的问号并分析句子成分可知，句中缺少状语，又结合if从句的句意，此处作者想提出如何与汽车沟通的问题。故填how。【38题详解】考查动名词。句意：目前，司机让我们过公路时还可以做出如点头等动作的手势。like意为“像”时是介词，后面需接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语，故填nodding。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，自动驾驶汽车当然没有这种实力。空前说司机通过做动作来与行人沟通，空后说“自动驾驶汽车当然没有这种实力”，前后意义相反，表示对比和转折，故填However。【40题详解】考查现在进行时。句意：美国汽车制造商福特(Ford)及其合作伙伴弗吉尼亚理工高校(VirginiaTech)正试图解决这个问题。依据后面句子“Theteamistestingamethod（团队正在测试一种方法）”的现在进行时态可知，福特(Ford)及其合作伙伴弗吉尼亚理工高校(VirginiaTech)是正在努力解决这个问题，所以应用现在进行时态，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填aretrying。【41题详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：该团队正在测试一种运用光信号的方法。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是amethod，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。【42题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：例如，一个缓慢闪耀的灯光表示汽车要停了。空前的to是介词，接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。空后的stop用作名词，本句意为灯光缓慢地闪耀一次表示汽车要停止一次，stop是抽象名词详细化，且首字母不是元音，故填a。【43题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了在真实的道路上测试这种方法，该团队设计了一种看起来像汽车座椅的特殊服装。分析句意可知，该团队设计特殊服装的目的是为了在真实的道路上测试这种方法，所以，设空处需填入动词不定式形式表示目的。故填Totest。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：该团队胜利收集了超过1500小时的数据，记录了人们如何与一辆“无人驾驶”汽车互动。分析句子成分可知，该句的谓语动词是collected，设空处需填入副词形式修饰动词，故填successfully。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：福特表示，它安排与其他11家汽车制造商共享这些数据，从而为每辆无人驾驶汽车供应一个信号系统。固定短语sharesth.withsb.与某人共享某物。故填with。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary刚刚转学，感到一切都很生疏。她在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境，请你依据以下信息回信。1.多跟同学沟通沟通；2.主动参与学校活动；3.向老师寻求帮助;留意:1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。DearChris，Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMary,Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.Suchproblemsarequitenormal.Perhapsthefollowingsuggestionsmaybehelpful.First,communicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossibleandyouwillgettoknoweachotherbetter.Second,itisagoodideatoinvolveyourselfinmoreschoolactivities.Lastly,consideraskingyourteachersforhelp,whocanusuallyofferyousomesensiblesuggestions.Isincerelyhopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.IfthereisanythingmoreIcandotohelp,pleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mary写回信，就如何尽快融入新环境给出建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：依据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般将来时。结构：三段式第一段写对方来信反应的问题；其次段给出详细建议；第三段祝对方尽快适应新环境。要求：1.多跟同学沟通沟通；2.主动参与学校活动；3.向老师寻求帮助。其次步:列提纲（重点词组）besorrytohearthat,havetroubledoingsth.fitin,communicatewith,asmuchaspossible,involveoneselfinsth.,schoolactivities,asksb.forhelp,offersb.sth.,sensiblesuggestions,beofsomehelptosb.第三步：连词成句Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.Youshouldcommunicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossible.Itisagoodideatoinvolveyourselfinmoreschoolactivities.Youcanconsideraskingyourteachersforhelp.Yourteacherscanusuallyofferyousomesensiblesuggestions.Ihopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.依据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，留意主谓一样和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（连接词）1.表文章结构依次：First,Second,Lastly2.并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore（供参考）3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but（供参考）连句成文，留意运用恰当的连词进行句子之间的连接与过渡，确保句式多样性及行文流畅。[高分句型1]First,communicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossibleandyouwillgettoknoweachot