常见时态的用法

PAGEPAGE4常见时态的用法一、一般现在时：1.表示习惯性或经常性的动作或状态，常与usually,often,sometimes,确always,seldom,everyday(year,morning…)等表示频率的时间状语连用。Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理等。Knowledgecomesonlyfrompractice.※Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.3.在连词when,while,before,after,until,till,once,if,unless,assoonas,aslongas,bythetime,incase,evenif,themoment/minute/instant,theday/year,immediately等引导的时间（条件、让步）状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。WhenBillcomes(willcome×),askhimtowaitforme.We’llgooutforawalkassoonastherainstops.Evenifitrainstomorrow,thesportsmeetingwilltakeplace.4.come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等动词可以用来表示按照计划、安排将要发生、且不轻易改变的动作（有特定的时间状语）。.Theflighttakesoffatteno’clock.SchoolbeginsonSeptember1st.※Couldyoutellmewhenhe____back?Whenhe____back,I’llletyouknow.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome5．试比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范动作；第二句now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作。二、一般过去时：1）表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,in1998,twoyearsago,lastmonth,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,when从句等连用.TheRedArmycameintobeingin1927.Arobberbrokeintothebankandrobbedthebankofalotofmoneylastnight.一般过去时还可表示过去发生的一连串动作。Themonkeyjumpedoffthetree,pickedupabigstoneandthrewitatus.2）用于以下固定句型中：Itis(high/about)timethatsb.didsth.早该做...Would/hadrathersb.didsth.宁愿某人去做…3）wish,wonder,think,hope,know等用过去时，表示的动作都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Oh,it’syou.Ididn’tknowyouwereheretoo.三、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与soon,tomorrow(morning…),nextweek(year…),someday,fromnowon,thedayaftertomorrow,inthefuture等表将来的时间状语连用。有几种构成方式：Begoingto+动词原形①表示计划、决心，说话前已打算要做的事情。②说话人根据已有的迹象或经验判断认为将要发生的事情。I’mgoingtobuyanewcarifIhavealotofmoney.Look!Darkcloudsaregathering.Itisgoingtorain.2.shall/will+动词原形①单纯表将来②表说话时才想到的意愿或决心。Eg:Jackisillinhospital.Ohreally?I_____.I_____toseehim.A.didn’tknow;willgoB.don’tknow;amgoingC.haven’tknown;willgoD.didn’tknow;amgoing3.be+todo①按照计划、安排将要做的事情。②（上级对下级、父母对子女）下达命令，意思是“应该…”③表命中注定将要发生的事情。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.Youaretofinishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.ThelittleboyistobecomeaVIP.4.beaboutto+动词原形或beonthepointofdoing表示即将或正要去做….不与tomorrow,nextweek等具体的时间状语连用，但可和when从句连用。Iamabouttodo(=amonthepointofdoing)myhomework.5.be+doing表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于come,go,start,setout,leave,reach,return,move,takeoff,arrive等Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?四、过去将来时：woulddo;was/weregoingtodo;(was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo;was/weredoing;was/wereonthepointofdoing)一般不能单独使用，常用在宾语从句和间接引语之中，表示从过去的角度看，将要发生的行为或存在的状态。Theysaidthattheywouldcallonmesoonerorlater.TomaskedmeifIwasgoingtocallonmyEnglishteacher.Iwasonthepointofphoningyouwhenyourphonearrived.五、现在进行时：be(am,is,are)+doing①表示现在(说话时刻)正在进行或发生的动作；Look!Themonkeyisclimbingthebananatree.②也可表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，说话时未必动作正在进行;Whatareyoudoingthesedays?Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.③一些位移动词可用现在进行时表将来。Heiscomingtoseeyounextweek.※进行时与某些副词（always,constantly,continually,forever）连用，可表赞叹或厌恶等情感。Youarealwaysthinkingofothers.Heisconstantlychanginghismind.六、过去进行时：was/weredoing表示过去某个时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作，这一特定的过去时间，除了上下文暗示以外，一般和时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有：thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastnight,atthistimeyesterday,when,while等。Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?Iwasreadinganewspaperwhenheknockedatthedoor.Youlookunhappy.What’sthematterwithyou?Nothingmuch.Iwasmissingmyparents.Eg:Idon’tthinkTomsawus;he____intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared七、现在完成时have/has+done①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果②表示动作或状态过去已经开始，一直持续到现在。常用的时间状语有：already,never,ever,just,before,lately,yet,recently,sofar,uptothepresent,uptillnow,inthepast/lastfewyears,since，“for+段时间”等.Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?Yes,Ihavejusthadit.(吃过了饭，所以现在不饿)IhavelivedhereinYiyangsinceIwasborn.(动作持续到现在)◎hasbeento去过…（已经回来）MysisterhasbeentotheUSAonce(butsheisbacknow).hasgoneto去…了（已去未归）MysisterhasgonetotheUSA(andsheisn’therenow).※当先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时，定语从句中一般用现在完成时。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.ThisisthethirdtimeIhavebeenhere.※句中如果有过去的时间副词（如：yeaterday,lastweek,in1990），要用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.(√)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.(×)※现在完成时中，终止性动词不能与for,since等延续性状语连用，必须改为相应的延续性动词。Diebedeadjoinbeinfallillbeillfinishbeoverleave/gobeawaybeginbeonbecomebebuyget/havemarrybemarried(to)borrowkeeparrive/reach/gettobein/at/stayeg:HehasjoinedthePartyfor5years.(×)HehasbeenaPartymemberfor5years.(√)HehasbeeninthePartyfor5years.(√)八、现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing表示动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，甚至将来；也可能动作刚结束。Hehasbeenlyinginbedfortwoweeks.(现在还躺着)Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere.(动作刚结束，已不在寻找)某些动词如：work,live,study,teach等用于现在完成进行时和现在完成时意义区别不大。Ihavebeenworking/workedherefor5years.34.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I____herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet35.Helen____herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband____home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome36.____myglasses?Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.A.DoyouseeB.HadyouseenC.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen37.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She____ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked38.Oh,it’syou!I____you.I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.A.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognize39.Nancyisnotcomingtonight.Butshe____!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised40.Shirley____abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting41.Theprice____,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown42.Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?Oh,I’mterriblysorry.____.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idonotnotice43.Allthepreparationsforthetask____,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted44.Howareyoutoday?Oh,I____asillasIdoforalongtime.A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt45.Anewcinema____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt46.JohnandI____friendsfor8years.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadseen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen47.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling48.Howaretheteamplaying?Theyareplayingwell,butoneofthem____hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.were49.Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmycoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?I’msorryI____anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay50.He____inacomputercompanyfor4years,whichisofgreathelptohispresentjob.A.workedB.hasworkedC.isworkingD.hadworked51.Oh,dear.Iforgottheairtickets.You______something.A.haveleftB.arealwaysleavingC.areleavingD.alwaysleft52.I______sobusilyrecentlythatI______notimetohelpyouwithyourmath.That’sOK.Icanmanageitbymyself.A.havebeenworking;haveB.haveworked;hadC.amworking;willhaveD.hadbeenworking;hadhad53.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyou______tome.A.arewritingB.willwriteC.haswrittenD.write54.He______atthemeeting,buthisheartattackpreventedhim.A.willspeakB.isgoingtospeakC.hadtospeakD.wasgoingtospeak55.Ibegyourpardon,butIdidn’tquitecatchyou.Oh,I______myself.A.amtalkingtoB.talkedaboutC.havetalkedtoD.wastalkingto56.I______ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincetheNewYear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play57.IfirstmetTom10yearsago.He______inaradiofactoryatthattime.A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.wasworkingD.hasbeenworking58.What______whenIphonedyou?I______mywork,andIwantedtogoout.A.haveyoudone;finishedB.wereyoudoing;havefinishedC.didyoudo;hadjustfinishedD.wereyoudoing;hadjustfinished59.Haveyoufinishedthereport?No.I______itallthisweek.A.willdoB.haddoneC.havedoneD.havebeendoing60.Icanguessyouwereinahurry.You______yoursweaterinsideout.A.hadwornB.woreC.werewearingD.arewearing61.We___thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.I’msorry.I____tofixitthisweek,butI’vebeentoobusy.A.hadexpected;hadintendedB.areexpecting;hadintendedC.expect;intendD.expected;intend62.Why?Tom,yourshirtissodirty!Mum,I______mystoreroomdownstairs.A.cleanedB.havecleanedC.wascleaningD.havebeencleaning63.Theywon’tbuynewclothesbecausethey______moneytobuyanewhouse.A.saveB.aresavingC.havesavedD.weresaving64.Thetrafficinourcityisalreadygoodandit______evenbetter.A.getsB.gotC.hasgotD.isgetting65.Iwillcometoattendyourlectureat10:00tomorrow.I’msorry,bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandI______myguestsinmyoffice.A.isbeingmetB.willmeetC.willbemeetingD.willhavemet66.Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.Really?Where______?A.hasshebeenB.hadshebeenC.hasshegoneD.hadshegone67.IknowMr.Brown;we______toeachotherataninternationalconference.A.areintroducedB.arebeenintroducedC.wereintroducedD.hadbeenintroduced68.Wheredoyouthink____he____thecomputer?Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.has;boughtB.不填;boughtC.did;buyD.不填;buys69.Don’tbothertolookformydictionaryit______someday.A.turnsupB.hasturnedupC.willturnupD.isgoingtoturnup70.WhatdoyouthinkofthiskindofTVset,which______inShanghai?Well,Idon’tcareaboutsuchthings.A.wasmadeB.ismadeC.hasbeenmadeD.hadbeenmade71.Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?Idon’tthinkso.He_____totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened72.Theplane______at7:00pm,soIhavetobeattheairportby6:40atthelatest.A.hasleftB.wouldleaveC.willhaveleftD.leaves73.Thetrain______atthepresentspeeduntilitreachesthefootofthemountainataboutnineo’clocktonight.A.wentB.isgoingC.goesD.willbegoing74.IusedtodrinkalotofteabutthesedaysI______coffee.A.preferB.preferredC.hadpreferredD.ampreferring75.Thevegetablesdidn’ttasteverygood.They______toolong.A.hadbeencookedB.werecookedC.havecookedD.cooked76.--Rememberthefirsttimewemet,Jim?--OfcourseIdo.You______inthelibrary.A.werereadingB.hadreadC.havereadD.read77.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth______well.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashed78.IsTomstillsmoking?No.BynextSaturdayhe______forawholemonthwithoutsmokingasinglecigarette.A.willbeB.willhavegoneC.willhavebeenD.hasbeengoing79.______Bettythismorning?Notyet,butsheissuretobeherebeforenoon.A.HaveyouseenB.WillyouseeC.DoyouseeD.Didyousee?80.Jimtalkedforabouthalfanhouryesterday.Never______himtalksomuch.A.IheardB.didIhearC.IhadheardD.hadIheard81.Lookattheblackclouds.It______soon.Sure.Ifonlywe______out.A.israining;didn’tcomeB.istorain;won’tstartC.willrain;haven’tstartedD.isgoingtorain;hadn’tcome82.He___articlesforourwall-newspaperthesethreeyears,andhe____aboutfortyarticles.A.hasbeenwriting;haswrittenB.hasbeenwriting;wroteC.iswriting;hasbeenwritingD.haswritten;haswritten83.She______totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergotB.hadhardlygotC.nosoonergotD.hadnosoonergot84.Whenhewasalive,theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge___frompractice.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.comesD.wouldcome85.Don’tforgettobringmynewbookstomorrowafternoon.No,I______.A.don’tB.doC.won’tD.will86.IdecidedtogotothelibraryassoonasI___.A.finishedwhatIwasdoingB.finishedwhatIdidC.wouldfinishwhatIwasdoingD.finishwhatIdid87.Youwon’tknowwhetherthecoatfitsyouuntilyou______iton.A.willtryB.havetriedC.triedD.aretrying88.Mydictionary______.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill______it.A.haslost;don’tfindB.ismissing;don’tfindC.haslost;haven’tfoundD.ismissing;haven’tfound89.______itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave90.HowareyouplanningtotraveltoShanghai?I______yet,butI______takingatrain.A.didn’tdecide;amconsideringB.haven’tdecided;considerC.haven’tdecided;amconsideringD.hadn’tdecided;haveconsidered91.Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?Ofcourse.Whatisit?I______ifyoucouldtakemetothestation.A.wouldwonderB.didwonderC.waswonderingD.hadwondered92.Gotyourdrivinglicense?No.I____toobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn’ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.I’mgoingtonextweek.A.wasB.havebeenC.amD.hadbeen93.Withthedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnology______tothefieldofIT.A.hasintroducedB.isbeingintroducedC.isintroducedD.wasintroduced94.Who’sthemanoverthere?It’sJack.Oh?______inItaly.A.Ithinkhe’sB.I’vethoughthe’sbeenC.IthoughthewasD.I’dthoughthe’dbeen95.Idroppedinatyourhouseatabouttenlastnight,butyouweren’tin.I______regularexercisesattheclub.A.didB.wasdoingC.haddoneD.havebeendoing96.Eachofthestudents,workinghardattheirlessons,______thebook.SohaveI.A.isreadingB.hasreadC.readingD.reads97.Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy,buteverynowandthenhe______acold.A.hascaughtB.iscatchingC.willcatchD.doescatch98.Itiswhentheplane______thatyou’dbetterfindoutatthebookingoffice.A.wouldtakeoffB.hadtakenoffC.wastakingoffD.istakingoff99.I’msorry,butthere’snosmokingonthisflight.Oh,I______that.Sorry,Iwon’tagain.A.don’tknowB.didn’tknowC.won’tknowD.haven’tknown100.IthoughtJimwouldsaysomethingabouthisschoolreport,buthe______it.A.doesn’tmentionB.hadn’tmentionedC.didn’tmentionD.hasn’tmentioned

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