升高二暑假专题13必修二U2WildlifeProtection温故知新练2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案专题13：必修二U2WildlifeProtection温故知新练（解析版）一、翻译汉译英1．adj.令人惊喜的→v.使人惊讶/惊喜→n.惊讶，惊喜2．adv.幸运地；幸亏→n.幸运；好运；财富3．adj.忧虑的，担心的→n.焦虑，不安4．vt.让（某人）担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关心；忧虑→adj.关心的；担忧的→prep.关于；涉及5．adj.宽宏大量的；仁慈的；慷慨的→n.慷慨；大方6．n.优势；益处；成效；vt.使受益；vi.得益于→adj.有利的;有用的7．adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→n.能量；精力8．v.增加，添加→n.增加，添加；加法→adv.此外9．adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→vt.创造→n.作品；创造10．n．丧失；损失→vt.丢失→adj.迷路的；失去的【答案】1．amazingamazeamazement2．fortunatelyfortune3．anxiousanxiety4．concernconcernedconcerning5．generousgenerosity6．benefitbeneficial7．energeticenergy8．addadditioninaddition9．creativecreatecreation10．lossloselost二、根据首字母拼写单词11．Generallyspeaking,mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerof5kilometresanhour.【答案】rate/ate【详解】考查名词。句意：一般来说，大多数人平均每小时步行5公里。根据“anaverage”可知，空处需填名词单数，结合句意可知，每小时5公里是大多数人的步行速度，rate作名词，表示“速度”，符合句意。故填rate。12．Inthelast500years,over300speciesofanimalshavegonee.【答案】extinct/xtinct【详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的500年里，超过300种动物已经灭绝。根据首字母以及“over300speciesofanimals”可知，空处需要形容词extinct“灭绝的”，在句中作表语。故填extinct。13．Heisalwayswearingacexpressionontheface,forhispanyisstrugglingagainstfinancialproblems.【答案】concerned/oncerned【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上总是带着忧虑的表情，因为他的公司陷入财务危机。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填形容词concerned“担心的，忧虑的”作定语，表示人的主观感受，修饰名词expression。故填concerned。14．Itrmeofbluecheese,asimilarlystrongsmellingtypeoffoodyoueitherloveorhate.【答案】reminded/eminded/reminds/eminds【详解】考查动词。句意：它让我想起蓝纹奶酪，一种同样气味浓烈的食物，你要么喜欢它，要么讨厌它。根据“meofbluecheese”和首字母提示可推知，空处应用动词remind，意为“使想起”，固定短语remindsb.ofsth.意为“使某人想起某物”，句子可看作是叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，也可以理解为是介绍当前的情况，用一般现在时，且主语是It，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填reminded/reminds。15．Peopletendtoconnectfactorieswithpicturesofcloudsofdirtysmokeandirresponsiblebusinessmeneagertomakehugep.【答案】profits/rofits【详解】考查名词。句意：人们往往把工厂与肮脏的烟雾和渴望暴利的不负责任的商人联系在一起。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是profit意为“利润”时，为可数名词，根据huge可知，用复数形式。故填profits。16．Theprofessorwassenttothelocalhospitalbecausehehadahearta.【答案】attack/ttack【详解】考查名词。句意：这位教授被送往当地医院，因为他心脏病发作。根据首字母提示可知，空处需要名词attack“（病、虫等的）损害，伤害”。heartattack意为“心脏病发作”。故填attack。17．Manyeffectivemhavebeentakentokeepthebalanceofnature.【答案】measures/easures【详解】考查名词。句意：已经采取了许多有效措施来保持自然界的平衡。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，采取了很多的措施来保持自然界的平衡。measure为可数名词“措施”，在句中作主语。根据空前的Many可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式。故填measures。18．Dtoyourtimelyhelp,Ipletedmytaskaheadoftime.【答案】Due/ue【详解】考查介词短语。句意：由于你的及时帮助，我提前完成了任务。空处与to搭配，结合句意，表示“由于”用dueto，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Due。19．Theaofthethreenumbers7,12and20is13,becausethetotalof7,12and20is39,and39dividedby3is13.【答案】average/verage【详解】考查名词。句意：7、12、20这三个数字的平均值是13，因为7、12、20的总和是39，而39除以3等于13。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为average意为“平均数”，根据谓语动词is以及句意可知，此处为名词单数。故填average。20．Thepanyistryinghardtodevelopdrugsthatareeagainstcancer.【答案】effective/ffective【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司正在努力开发对癌症有效的药物。根据单词首字母以及句子意思的需要，应填形容词effective(有效的)作表语，故填effective。三、完成句子21．为了弄清楚如何解决这个难题，没有什么比向这位有经验的专家寻求建议更有效了。solvetheproblem,seekingadvicefromthisexperiencedexpert.【答案】Inordertofigureouthowtothereisnothingmoreeffectivethan【详解】考查介词短语，动词短语、therebe句型以及形容词比较级。此句陈述目前事实，用一般现在时；中英文比较可知，第一空需翻译部分是“为了弄清楚如何”，“为了”用介词短语inorderto，“弄清楚”用动词短语figureout，“如何”用特殊疑问词how，“如何解决这个难题”用“特殊疑问词+不定式”作“弄清楚”宾语，第一空填inordertofigureouthowto，句首单词首字母大写；第二空需翻译“没有什么比……更有效了”，“比……更有效”表达为形容词比较级moreeffectivethan，“没有什么”用therebe句型表达为thereisnothing，“没有什么比……更有效了”译为“thereisnothingmoreeffectivethan”。故填：①Inordertofigureouthowto；②thereisnothingmoreeffectivethan。22．shehadgone,Irememberedhername.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。【答案】Immediately【详解】考查时间状语从句。表示“一……就，刚……就”可用immediately，作连词，引导时间状语从句。句首单词首字母大写，故填Immediately。23．Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearthbeingwashedawayeachyear.由于更多的森林被毁，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。【答案】are【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语earth和谓语动词washaway是被动关系，结合beingwashedaway，用现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/arebeingdone），主语earth有hugequantitiesof修饰，谓语动词和quantities保持一致，使用复数形式。故填are。24．当局正面临修建大象公园和告诉人们不要购买大象产品的压力之下。Theauthoritiestobuildelephantparksandtellpeoplenottobuyelephantproducts.【答案】areunderpressure【详解】考查介词短语。根据汉语提示可知，本句话为主系表结构，句子描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。主语为复数，所以be动词用are。“在压力之下”可用介词短语“underpressure”，为介词短语作表语。故填①are②under③pressure。25．我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。IhopeyoucanvisittheLouvreonedaytofeelofthesegreatforyourselves.【答案】thebeautyandpowerworksofart/artworks【详解】考查名词。表示“力与美”应用名词短语thebeautyandpower作宾语，表示“艺术品”应用名词短语worksofart或artworks作宾语。故填①thebeautyandpower②worksofart/artworks。26．Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjustaherdofanimals.放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。【答案】makeoutgraceful【详解】考查固定短语和形容词。对比中英文句子可知，前两空意为“隐约看到”，第三空意为“体形优美的”，“隐约看到”是固定短语makeout，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，因此make用原形；第三空处用形容词作定语，修饰名词animals，“体形优美的”的形容词是graceful，故填make，out，graceful。27．They,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.因其珍贵的羊毛，它们正遭受非法猎杀。【答案】arebeinghunted【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据中文提示“正在遭受捕杀”可知，这里应使用现在进行时的被动语态，形式为am/is/arebeingdone，捕杀的英文是hunt，主语是复数，故答案填①are②being③hunted。28．她坚持每天平均跑15英里左右，不论什么天气。Sherunsabout15milesadayeveryday,whateverweatheritis.【答案】onaverage【详解】考查介词短语。表示“平均”应用介词短语onaverage。故填①on②average。29．通过比赛，她认识到只有努力才能成功。Throughthecontest,sherealizedthat.【答案】onlybyworkinghardcanwemakeit【详解】考查动词短语、非谓语动词和部分倒装。对比中英文可知，空处表示“只有努力才能成功”，可用固定搭配onlyby表示“只有通过”，动名词短语workinghard表示“努力”，代词we表示隐含的主语“我们”，情态动词can表示“能”，动词短语makeit表示“成功”，make因位于情态动词之后应保持原形，且“only+介词短语”位于句首，句子应用部分倒装的结构，情态动词can应置于主语we之前。故填onlybyworkinghardcanwemakeit。30．为了提高英语水平，她决定参加学校的英语演讲比赛。,shewasdeterminedtotakepartinEnglishspeechcontestsatschool.【答案】WiththeintentionofimprovingherEnglish【详解】考查介词短语、动词和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“为了提高英语水平”，可用介词短语withtheintentionof表示“为了”，动词短语improveherEnglish表示“提高（她的）英语水平”，动词improve位于介词of之后，需用动名词形式，且空处位于句首，with的首字母需大写。故填WiththeintentionofimprovingherEnglish。四、阅读理解AENJOYTHEOUTDOORS

AdventureCampatOhioDreamsistheperfectwaytoenjoytraditionalsummercamp.Camperswillbeabletolearnaboutmultiplesportsandoutdooradventures.Weprovidetheequipment(设备)andtheschedulesoyoucanstartfromscratchandlearnfromthebest,andeventhenewerwhomaylackexperiencecanmakeupforitwiththespiritforadventure.

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Clickherefordeals,newsandearlyregistrationdiscounts.31．WhatisanadvantageofAdventureCamp?A．Ithasthebestequipment. B．Itissuitablefortheinexperienced.C．Itoffersbothindoorandoutdooractivities. D．ItisthefirsttraditionalsummercampinOhio32．WhichofthefollowingisincludedinAdventureCamp?A．Overingthefearofswimming. B．Collectingplantsspeciesintheopenair.C．Learningvolleyballinprofessionalstadiums. D．Ridingmountainbikestowaterfallsandcaves.33．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelbrochure.B．Anewsreport.C．Abookreview. D．Anonlinewebsite.【答案】31．B32．A33．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍俄亥俄州梦想冒险营为露营者提供各种各样的活动。31．细节理解题。由文章第一段“AdventureCampatOhioDreamsistheperfectwaytoenjoytraditionalsummercamp.Camperswillbeabletolearnaboutmultiplesportsandoutdooradventures.Weprovidetheequipment(设备)andtheschedulesoyoucanstartfromscratchandlearnfromthebest,andeventhenewerwhomaylackexperiencecanmakeupforitwiththespiritforadventure.。(俄亥俄州梦想冒险营是享受传统夏令营的完美方式。露营者将能够了解多种运动和户外冒险活动。我们提供设备和时间表，让您可以从头开始，向最好的人学习，即使是缺乏经验的新人也可以用冒险的精神来弥补)”可知，探险营适合没有经验的人。故选B项。32．细节理解题。由文章SwimmingLessons中“Ifyouaren’tthebestatswimming,thisweeklongprogramwillhelpyoutofindyoursealegs(andarms)soyouwillhavemoreconfidencewhenswimming.(如果你不是最擅长游泳的，这个为期一周的项目将帮助你习惯船上生活，这样你在游泳时会更有信心。)”可知，探险营可以帮助克服对游泳的恐惧。故选A项。33．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Clickherefordeals,newsandearlyregistrationdiscounts.(点击此处获取优惠、新闻和提前注册折扣。)”可知，这篇文章应来自于网络。故选D项。BWhenyoung,myparentstookmetoazoo.Irememberlookinginadmirationattwobearsinacage.Thingshavechanged.Mykidswouldbeafraidtoseeanimalsincages.Today,weexpectanimalstobeheldinmorenaturalenvironment,andforzoostodomoretomaketheworldabetterplace.Zooscanhostgreatconservation(保护)work.Sometimestheyholdandprotectendangeredanimals.About40seriouslyendangeredanimalspeciesexistmainlyinzoos.Theyareusedforstudy,tostartreproducing(繁殖)programsandeventoreintroducetheanimalstothewild.Butnotmanyzoosdoenoughofthis.Isupporttheremendationofsomeresearchersthatzoosshouldspendatleast10%oftheirmoneyonbiodiversity(生物多样性)conservation.Sadly,a1999studyshowedanaveragespendingofonly0.1%.Ifzoostotallyconcentrateonprotection,wemightexpectthemtomostlyhousethreatenedspecies.Butmanyzoosfocusonthebiganimalsthatdrawaudiencestomakemoney.Isaythat’sinappropriate(不合适的).Idon’tmeanzoosshouldn’tbeabusiness.Sincecareofanimalscanbeextremelyexpensive,it’sreasonableforzoostoopentheirdoorstoearnsomemoney,aslongasanimalsarekeptinacceptableconditions.Visitinganimalsinreallifehelpsdevelopanappreciationforthenaturalworld.Virtualreality(VR)glassesandmoviesaboutwildlifeareworthwhile,butnotthesame.AfriendofminewhoworksintheAmazonputsitthisway:“Tolovetheforest,youneedtosmelltheforest.”Conservationshouldefirstforallzoos,togetherwitheducationandresearch.Withoutthat,azoobeesjustabusiness:onethattheworldwouldbebetteroffwithout.34．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenseeingtwobearsinacageinhischildhood?A．Hewasscaredofthescene. B．Hefeltworriedabouthissafety.C．Hefeltsadaboutthecagedbears. D．Hewasamazedbythewonderofanimals.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A．Protectingendangeredanimalsproperly.B．Keepinganimalsinmorenaturalconditions.C．Holdingnonthreatenedspeciesinmuchgreaternumbers.D．Spendingpartoftheirmoneyonbiodiversityconservation.36．Whatdoestheauthor’sfriendimplyinhiswords?A．VRhelpszoostomakemoney. B．Animalsshouldliveinthewild.C．VRenablesviewerstoknowmoreaboutwildlife.D．Visitinganimalsinreallifeisanecessaryexperience.37．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Zoosneedtobechanged. B．Zoosshouldbenotallowed.C．Zoosshouldn’tbeabusiness. D．Animalsshouldn’tbekeptinzoos.【答案】34．D35．A36．D37．A【导语】本文是议论文。动物园需要做出改变，不仅要创收也要致力于动物保护工作。34．推理判断题。根据第一段“Irememberlookinginadmirationattwobearsinacage.(我记得我赞叹地看着笼子里的两只熊)”可知，作者看到被关在笼子里的两只熊时表现出了惊讶。故选D。35．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Zooscanhostgreatconservation(保护)work.Sometimestheyholdandprotectendangeredanimals.(动物园可以进行大量的保护工作。有时他们会保护濒临灭绝的动物)”以及“Isupporttheremendationofsomeresearchersthatzoosshouldspendatleast10%oftheirmoneyonbiodiversity(生物多样性)conservation.Sadly,a1999studyshowedanaveragespendingofonly0.1%.(我支持一些研究人员的建议，即动物园应该将至少10%的资金用于生物多样性保护。遗憾的是，1999年的一项研究显示，平均支出仅为0.1%)”可知，动物园会保护动物，但是做得还不够。故this指的是在合理保护濒危动物方面，动物园做得不够。故选A。36．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Virtualreality(VR)glassesandmoviesaboutwildlifeareworthwhile,butnotthesame.AfriendofminewhoworksintheAmazonputsitthisway:“Tolovetheforest,youneedtosmelltheforest.”(虚拟现实眼镜和关于野生动物的电影是值得的，但不是一回事。我的一个在亚马逊工作的朋友是这样说的：“要爱森林，你需要闻到森林的味道。”)”可推知，作者朋友的话表示身临其境去观看在大自然中生活的动物是有必要的。故选D。37．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Conservationshouldefirstforallzoos,togetherwitheducationandresearch.Withoutthat,azoobeesjustabusiness:onethattheworldwouldbebetteroffwithout.(所有动物园都应该把保护放在首位，同时还要进行教育和研究。如果没有这些，动物园就会变成一种商业：没有这种商业，世界会变得更好)”以及通读全文可知，作者呼吁动物园做出改变，把动物保护放在首位并辅以教育和科研。A选项“动物园需要做出改变”最符合文章标题。故选A。CBloodmaybethickerthanwaterwhenitestohumanrelationshipsanditseemsthatthesameistrueofjackdaws(寒鸦)afterscientistsfoundtheyreadilychangefriendstogainfoodbutstickwithfamilyevenattheriskofgoinghungry.AlexThornton,aprofessorofleaningabilitydevelopment,said,“Wekepttrackofhundredsofwildjackdaws,eachofwhichwasequippedwithasmallchip.InthisexperimentwedividedjackdawsintotwogroupsAorBandprogrammedapairofputercontrolleddevices(装置)toprovideworms.Onlyifindividualsfromthesamegroup(AAorBB)visitedtogether,willtheygettheworms.”IfbirdsfromdifferentgroupsarrivedtogetherAwithBthefeederswouldremainclosed.Singlebirdswouldgetseeds(种子),butnotthewormsthattheypreferred.Thorntonsaid,“Wewantedtofindoutifjackdawscouldbuildnewrelationswithnewpartners.Theymighthavefriendsinthewronggroup.Dojackdawsleavethemandstarttohangoutwithindividualswhoareintherightgroup?Thejackdawsturnedouttobeverysmart,quicklylearningtogiveupfriendsfromthewronggrouptogetthebestfood.However,theyacteddifferentlywhenitcametotheircloserelationseveniftheygotnothing.”Thorntonsaidjackdawswereanexcellentsubjectmatterastheywerecleverandhadenergeticsocialnetworks.“You’vegotindividualsingandgoingfarbeyondtheirstrongrelationships,andtheyhavelotsofotherpany.Theyaresimilartohumansociety.”MichaelKings,oftheUniversityofExeter,said,“Theseresultshelpourunderstandingofthedevelopmentofintelligenceastheyshowthatbeingabletotrackandrememberinformationaboutsocialpartnerscanbringthemgood.”38．Whichofthefollowingdojackdawsvaluemostaccordingtotheexperiment?A．Theirfamily. B．Theirfriends.C．Stayingawayfromrisks. D．Avoidinggoinghungry.39．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthejackdawsintheexperiment?A．Jackdawsfromdifferentgroupsgotseeds. B．Jackdawsontheirowngottheworms.C．Jackdawswiththeirfamilygotnothing. D．Jackdawsfromthesamegroupgotworms40．Howdidthescientistscarryoutthesearch?A．Bymakingjackdawsbehavelikehumanswithchips.B．Bytrackingthebehaviorofwildjackdawswhenfindingfood.C．Bysurveyinghowthetwogroupsofjackdawsgettingalong.D．Byparingdifferentbehaviorsbetweenhumansandjackdaws.41．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Toexplainthesignificanceoftheresearch. B．Toprovidepossiblereasonsfortheresults.C．Tosuggestapplicationoftheresearchfindings. D．Topointoutthepossibleproblemintheresearch.【答案】38．A39．D40．B41．A【导语】本文属于说明文。文章通过介绍一项关于寒鸦社交行为的科学实验，探讨了寒鸦如何根据社交关系调整自己的行为，以及这背后的认知能力和进化意义。38．细节理解题。根据第一段“Bloodmaybethickerthanwaterwhenitestohumanrelationshipsanditseemsthatthesameistrueofjackdaws(寒鸦)afterscientistsfoundtheyreadilychangefriendstogainfoodbutstickwithfamilyevenattheriskofgoinghungry.(在人际关系中，血浓于水，寒鸦似乎也是如此。科学家发现，它们为了获得食物，很容易换朋友，但即使冒着挨饿的风险，也会坚持与家人在一起)”可知，对寒鸦来说最重要的是它们的家庭。故选A。39．细节理解题。根据第二段“AlexThornton,aprofessorofleaningabilitydevelopment,said,“Wekepttrackofhundredsofwildjackdaws,eachofwhichwasequippedwithasmallchip.InthisexperimentwedividedjackdawsintotwogroupsAorBandprogrammedapairofputercontrolleddevices(装置)toprovideworms.Onlyifindividualsfromthesamegroup(AAorBB)visitedtogether,willtheygettheworms.”(学习能力发展教授亚历克斯·桑顿说：“我们跟踪了数百只野生寒鸦，每只寒鸦都配备了一个小芯片。在这个实验中，我们将寒鸦分为a组和b组，并编写了一对计算机控制的设备来提供蠕虫。只有来自同一团体(AA或BB)的个体一起访问时，他们才会感染蠕虫。”)”可知，来自同一组的寒鸦得到了虫子。故选D。40．细节理解题。根据第二段“Wekepttrackofhundredsofwildjackdaws,eachofwhichwasequippedwithasmallchip.InthisexperimentwedividedjackdawsintotwogroupsAorBandprogrammedapairofputercontrolleddevices(装置)toprovideworms.Onlyifindividualsfromthesamegroup(AAorBB)visitedtogether,willtheygettheworms.(我们跟踪了数百只野生寒鸦，每只寒鸦都配备了一个小芯片。在这个实验中，我们将寒鸦分为a组和b组，并编写了一对计算机控制的设备来提供蠕虫。只有来自同一团体(AA或BB)的个体一起访问时，他们才会感染蠕虫)”可知科学家们通过装置跟踪，且观察它们在获取食物时的表现，故选B。41．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theseresultshelpourunderstandingofthedevelopmentofintelligenceastheyshowthatbeingabletotrackandrememberinformationaboutsocialpartnerscanbringthemgood.(这些结果有助于我们理解智力的发展，因为它们表明，能够跟踪和记住社会伙伴的信息对他们有好处)”可知，该段的目的是解释研究的意义。故选A。DBesidesbeingalovelyandimportantpartofmarineecosystems,babysealsmighthaveanunusualability.Theycanchangethepitch(音高)oftheirvoicestobebetterunderstood,likehumansdo,anewstudyfound.Apersonoranimalusingthisskillisbeingwhat’scalled“vocallyplastic”,oradjustingtheirvocal(声音的)signalsinresponsetoenvironmentalchangesthatoverlaporcoveruptheirvoices,accordingtothestudypublishedMondayinthejournalPhilosophicalTransactionsofTheRoyalSociety.Theresearchershadanumberofreasonsforwantingtotestthevocalchangesofbabyharborseals.Therareabilitytocopynewsounds—vocallearning—hadbeenseenpreviouslyamongadultharborsealsandafewothermammalspecies(哺乳动物),accordingtotheauthors.Andveryfewmammalshavetheabilitytochangetheirvocalpitchtosoundhigherorlower,whichisimportantforhumanmunication.“Bylookingatoneofthefewothermammalswhomaybecapableoflearningsounds,wecanbetterunderstandhowwe,humans,acquirespeech,andfinallywhywearesuchchattyanimals,”saidAndreaRavignani.Asthesealsheardaspeakerplaya45minuterecordingconsistingofhighnoise,lownoiseornoplaybackoverseveraldays,theynaturallycalledout.Whenthebabysealsheardlouderseanoises,theyloweredtheirvocalpitch.Duringmoreintensenoiselevels,thepupsusedasteadierpitch—andonesealraiseditsvoice.Thisbehavior,calledtheLombardEffect,istypicalforhumanspeechwhenpeopletalkloudertobemoreunderstandable,theauthorssaid.“Thefindingsshowedthatsealpupshaveamoreadvancedcontrolovertheirvocalisationsthanassumedupuntilnow,”Ravignanisaidinastatement.“Thiscontrolseemstobealreadypresentatonlyafewweeksofage.Thisisastonishing,asfewothermammalsseemcapableofthat.”42．Whatdoesparagraph1tellusaboutbabyseals?A．Theyarecutebutrare. B．Theycanchangevocalpitch.C．Theycanunderstandhumanwords. D．Theycanbeharmedbyenvironmentalchanges.43．Whatistheresearchers’mainreasonforstudyingbabyseals?A．Tobetterunderstandadultharborseals. B．Toshowtheirrareabilityofvocallearning.C．Toknowmoreabouthumanmunication. D．Tofindouthowtoprotectthemfromextinction.44．WhatdoesRavignaniintendtoexpressinthelastparagraph?A．Babysealscancontroltheirvocalisationswhenborn.B．Babyseals’vocalabilityisoutofscientists’expectation.C．Scientistshavelongunderstoodthevocalabilityofbabyseals.D．Manyotherbabymammalsarebetteratvocalisationsthanbabyseals.45．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Asurprisingfactaboutbabyseals B．BabysealsarecuterthanassumedC．Harborsealsareindangerofextinction D．Theamazingsurvivalabilityofbabyseals【答案】42．B43．C44．B45．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了小海豹拥有调整声音音高的能力，这一发现对于理解人类语言习得有重要启示。42．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Besidesbeingalovelyandimportantpartofmarineecosystems,babysealsmighthaveanunusualability.Theycanchangethepitch(音高)oftheirvoicestobebetterunderstood,likehumansdo,anewstudyfound.(除了是海洋生态系统中可爱而重要的一部分外，海豹宝宝可能还有一种不同寻常的能力。一项新的研究发现，它们可以像人类一样改变声音的音高，以更好地被理解)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们小海豹能够调整它们的声音音高以更好地被理解。故选B。43．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Andveryfewmammalshavetheabilitytochangetheirvocalpitchtosoundhigherorlower,whichisimportantforhumanmunication.“Bylookingatoneofthefewothermammalswhomaybecapableoflearningsounds,wecanbetterunderstandhowwe,humans,acquirespeech,andfinallywhywearesuchchattyanimals,”saidAndreaRavignani.(很少有哺乳动物能够改变音高，使其听起来更高或更低，这对人类交流很重要。AndreaRavignani说：“通过观察其他少数能够学习声音的哺乳动物之一，我们可以更好地了解我们人类是如何获得语言的，以及为什么我们是如此健谈的动物。”)”可知，研究人员研究小海豹的主要原因是想通过了解这种可能同样具备声音学习能力的哺乳动物，从而更好地理解人类如何习得语言，以及为何人类如此善于交流。故选C。44．细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Thefindingsshowedthatsealpupshaveamoreadvancedcontrolovertheirvocalisationsthanassumedupuntilnow,”Ravignanisaidinastatement.“Thiscontrolseemstobealreadypresentatonlyafewweeksofage.Thisisastonishing,asfewothermammalsseemcapableofthat.”(Ravignani在一份声明中说：“研究结果表明，海豹幼崽对发声的控制比迄今为止想象的要先进。”。“这种控制似乎在几周大的时候就已经存在了。这令人惊讶，因为似乎很少有其他哺乳动物能够做到这一点。”)”可知，最后一段中Ravignani表示，小海豹对它们的声音有着比之前假设更为高级的控制能力，这令人惊讶，因为很少有其他哺乳动物能够做到这一点。所以，Ravignani想要表达的是海豹宝宝的发声能力出乎科学家们的意料。故选B。45．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Besidesbeingalovelyandimportantpartofmarineecosystems,babysealsmighthaveanunusualability.Theycanchangethepitch(音高)oftheirvoicestobebetterunderstood,likehumansdo,anewstudyfound.(除了是海洋生态系统中可爱而重要的一部分外，海豹宝宝可能还有一种不同寻常的能力。一项新的研究发现，它们可以像人类一样改变声音的音高，以更好地被理解)”以及全文可知，文章主要揭示了一个关于小海豹的令人惊讶的事实——它们能够改变声音的音高来适应环境，这在哺乳动物中是罕见的能力。所以“关于海豹宝宝的一个令人惊讶的事实”适合作本文的标题。故选A。七选五4ReasonsWhyWildAnimalsAreSoImportantAsweknow,theearthgivesusfood,medicinesandmaterials,oftenthroughwildanimals.Thesewildanimalsareimportanttoourexistence.Sadly,theyarebeingextinctatanalarmingrate.Weneedtochangethislossofnatureandcreateafuturewherewildlifeandpeoplethrive(蓬勃发展)again.46Herearesomereasonswhywildanimalsaresoimportanttotheworldatlarge.Wildanimalskeepbalanceinecosystems.47Ifanypartisthreatenedorbeesextinct,thishasaknockoneffectonthewholeecosystem.sendingshockwavesthroughtheenvironment.Forecosystemstosurviveandperhapseventhrive,wemustprotectallofourwildlife.Diversity(多样性)meanshealthierecosystemsandhealthierwildanimals.Whenthereisawildlifeissue,you’lloftenhearthetermbiodiversity,whichreferstothenumberofspeciesinanecosystem.48Whydoweconsiderthisimportant?Awidevarietyofanimalsmeansgreaterproductivityandbetterhealth.Iftherearefeweranimalspecies,adiseasethataffectsanyspeciesspreadsfasterandmoreeffectively.49Allofthefoodthatweeatesfromananimalorplant.Livingwithoutvariousfoodsourcescausesournutrition(营养)tosuffer.Protectingwildlifeanditsnaturalhabitatsstrengthensfoodsafetyforhumansaroundtheworld.Wildlifehelpsmedicalresearch.Wildanimalshavehelpedusfindimportantmedicinesthathelpwithmanydiseases.50ManymedicalsystemslikeChinesetraditionalmedicinesstillrelyonherbsandspices,butevenWesternmedicinehavemadegreatprogresswithwildliferesearch.A．Alllivingthingsareinterconnected.B．Healthyecosystemsmeanalotofdiversity.C．Orwewilllosetheseanimalstofuturegenerations.D．Peopleworldwidedependonwildlifefortheirsnack.E．Wildlifeprovidesimportantnutrientsforthehumanrace.F．Thehumanracehasalwaysturnedtonatureformedicine.G．Weshouldnoticetheinfluencecausedbywildlifeonculture.【答案】46．C47．A48．B49．E50．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么野生动物重要的四个原因。46．根据设空处前文“Weneedtochangethislossofnatureandcreateafuturewherewildlifeandpeoplethrive(蓬勃发展)again.(我们需要改变这种自然的丧失，创造一个野生动物和人类再次茁壮成长的未来。)”可知，前文主要介绍人类需要保护野生动物，使其能与人类一起在未来蓬勃发展。结合设空处后文列举出的野生动物重要性可知，设空处应承接前文内容，做进一步说明。C项“Orwewilllosetheseanimalstofuturegenerations.(否则我们的后代将失去这些动物。)”与前文是并列关系，从反面进一步说明保护野生动物很重要。故选C。47．根据本段小标题“Wildanimalskeepbalanceinecosystems.(野生动物维持生态系统的平衡。)”及设空处后文“Ifanypartisthreatenedorbeesextinct,thishasaknockoneffectonthewholeecosystem,sendingshockwavesthroughtheenvironment.(如果任何一部分受到威胁或灭绝，就会对整个生态系统产生连锁反应，在整个环境中发出冲击波。)”可知，野生动物保持了生态平衡，所有的生命都是相互联系，相互影响的。因此，设空处应承接主题，同时引出后文。A项“Alllivingthingsareinterconnected.(所有生物都是相互联系的。)”承上启下，符合文意。故选A。48．根据设空处后文“Whydoweconsiderthisimportant?Awidevarietyofanimalsmeansgreaterproductivityandbetterhealth.Iftherearefeweranimalspecies,adiseasethataffectsanyspeciesspreadsfasterandmoreeffectively.(为什么我们认为这很重要?种类繁多的动物意味着更高的生产力和更好的健康状况。如果动物种类较少，影响任何物种的疾病就会传播得更快、更有效。)”可知，后文主要介绍动物种类繁多会给人类带来生产力和健康方面的好处。结合本段小标题“Diversity(多样性)meanshealthierecosystemsandhealthierwildanimals.(多样性意味着更健康的生态系统和更健康的野生动物。)”可知，本段主要介绍种类繁多的动物与健康的生态系统之间的紧密关系。因此，设空处应承接前文话题，并引出后文内容。B项“Healthyecosystemsmeanalotofdiversity.(健康的生态系统意味着多样性。)”承上启下，符合文意。故选B。49．根据本段内容“Allofthefoodthatweeatesfromananimalorplant.Livingwithoutvariousfoodsourcescausesournutrition(营养)tosuffer.Protectingwildlifeanditsnaturalhabitatsstrengthensfoodsafetyforhumansaroundtheworld.(我们吃的所有食物都来自动物或植物。没有各种食物来源的生活使我们的营养受到影响。保护野生动物及其自然栖息地可以加强世界各地人类的食品安全。)”可知，本段主要介绍野生动物能满足人类的营养需求。结合前后文段首的结构特点可知，设空处应总结后文。E项“Wildlifeprovidesimportantnutrientstothehumanrace.(野生动物为人类提供重要的营养。)”总结全段，符合文意。故选E。50．根据设空处后文“ManymedicalsystemslikeChinesetraditionalmedicinesstillrelyonherbsandspices,butevenWesternmedicinehavemadegreatprogresswithwildliferesearch.(许多医疗系统，如中药，仍然依赖草药和香料，但即使是西医，也在野生动物研究方面取得了很大进展。)”可知，后文列举中药和西药的例子是为了进一步解释人类向大自然中的动植物寻求药材。因此，设空处应对后文的两个事例做出总结。F项“Thehumanracehasalwaysturnedtonatureformedicine.(人类一直向自然寻求药材。)”概括后文事例，符合文意。故选F。五、完形填空Whilevisuallyimpaired(受损)runnersusuallyusehumanguides,ThomasPanekbecamethefirsttopletetheracesupportedbydogs,makinghistoryattheNewYorkCityHalfMarathon.Threedogs—Westley,WaffleandGus—each51himforathirdoftherace.ThomastoldCNNthatthoughhe52thesupportofhum