高中英语外研版必修第一册Unit 5　Period 6　Developing ideas-Reading comprehension

Period6Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．breathtaking A．tolookatsb/sthwithfixedeyes2．encounter B．differencesandchanges3．stare C．sosurprisingorattractiveastotakeone’sbreathaway4．concentrate D．comeacrossormeetwith5．image E．directone’sattentiononsomething6．variety F．picturesorphotos答案1.C2.D3.A4.E5.F6.BⅡ.选词填空eq\x(bravetheelements，afterall，concentrateon，recoverfrom，showrespectto)1.Afterall，itcantakemanyyearstorecoverfromthedeathofalovedone.2．Althoughitwasrainingcatsanddogs，theybravedtheelementsandarrivedattheaccommodation.3．Thegirlisslimandhealthy.Afterall，shejogsforanhoureverymorning.4．Youshallshowrespecttotheathleteswhethertheyhavewonmedalsornot.5．Ican’tconcentrateonmystudyifthisproblemcan’tbesettledproperly.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Aphotographerwasattackedbyabear.B．AnamazingphototakeninYellowstoneNationalPark.C．Aphotographer’sfrighteningbutmagicalexperienceinYellowstoneNationalPark.D．YellowstoneNationalPark’sbears.答案CⅡ.悉层次结构Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．YellowstoneNationalPark’sbears.Para.2B．Thereasonwhyhelikeshisjobasanaturephotographer.Para.3C．Aremindertorespectanimals.Para.4D．Theauthor’sexperienceofencounteringabear.答案Para.1BPara.2APara.3DPara.4CStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.Readparas.1－2carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutYellowstoneNationalPark?A．Itistheworld’slargestnationalpark.B．Theparkisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife.C．Probablytheparkisbestknownforitsbears.D．Thebearsintheparkcanrunveryfastalthoughtheyweighupto300kilograms.答案A2．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hisfavoriteanimalisbear.B．Helikestakingphotosbutcan’tbeartheextremeweather.C．Helikeshisjobbecausehecanobserveanimalsintheirnaturalenvironment.D．AllhisphotosweretakeninYellowstoneNationalPark.答案CⅡ.Readparas.3－4carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdoestheword“breathtaking”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Frightening. B．Ordinary.C．Impressive. D．Unique.答案C2．Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’sfeelingwhenhesawabear?A．Excited. B．Terrified.C．Surprised. D．Respectful.答案B3．Howdoweknowabouttheauthor’sgettingthephoto?A．Theauthordesignedthesceneahead.B．Thebeardidtheactionforhim.C．Thebearstoodstillbeforehim.D．Theauthorgotitquitebyaccident.答案DⅢ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Totellaninterestingstory.B．Tointroduceajob.C．Tocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.D．Tointroduceanimals.答案C2．Howdoestheauthordevelophisidea?A．Bygivinganexample.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byofferinganexplanation.D．Bygivingreasons.答案A3．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Acommercialadvertisement.B．Ageographytextbook.C．Atraveljournal.D．Aresearchpaper.答案CStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．Howcanwestudentshelptoprotectanimals?(Creativethinking)答案First，plantmoretrees.Ifweplantmoretrees，theenvironmentwillbecomebetterandbetter.Then，stopkillingthemforfoodormoney.Finally，protecttheirnaturalhabitats.2．Doyouagreewiththesentence“Itisafterallwewhoarethevisitorstotheirworld.”？(Criticalthinking)答案Theanswersvary.Step4总结——课文语法填空Iamanaturephotographerandhavetobravethe1.elements(element)．But2.despitethewindandtherain，Istillenjoyworkingoutsidein3.thewild.Icanobserveanimalsintheir4.natural(nature)environment.YellowstoneNationalParkisfamousforthe5.variety(vary)ofitswildlifebutitisprobablybestknownfor6.its(it)bears.LastspringI7.followed(follow)apaththattookmethroughadarkforestandsawthebreathtakingview.8.Slowly(slow)Iturnedandfroze.Onlymetresawaywasabear，withwater9.falling(fall)offitshair.Ipressedthebuttonofthecamerawithmylegsshaking.Asecondlater，thebearranbackintotheforestandIgotaphotoofit.Irealizethatitiswe10.whoarethevisitorstotheirworld.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Astheworld’sfirstnationalpark，Yellowstoneisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife，butitisprobablybestknownforitsbears.[句式分析]此句为but连接的并列句。Astheworld’sfirstnationalpark作状语，as意为“作为”；befamousfor意为“因……而出名”，同义短语为beknownfor。[自主翻译]黄石公园是世界上第一座国家公园，因其野生生物的多样性而闻名，不过其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。2．WhileIwasconcentratingonphotographingthisamazingscene，IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.[句式分析]此句为主从复合句。while引导时间状语从句，that引导同位语从句。[自主翻译]我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。3．Withwaterfallingoffitsthick，brownhair，thebearstaredbackatme.[句式分析]此句含有with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。falloff与water为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语；主句中的stareatsb意为“盯着某人看”。[自主翻译]它也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。4．TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtoseewhowouldmovefirst.[句式分析]此句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句，从句中who引导宾语从句。[自主翻译]时间凝固了，我和熊都等着看谁会先动。Ⅰ.阅读理解AEverydayforaweek，astrange，happyvisitorwoulddroptoplaywithVanessaPrior’spetdogBobby.PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.ItseemedveryfriendlyandgotwellalongwithBobby.Theywouldrunaftereachother，playonthepoolcover，gentlywrestle(摔跤)ornapsidebyside.Atfirstshethoughtitwasawilddog.ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook，apetrescuecentrecalledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths，buttheyfailed.Priorgavethemnewhope.Becauseofthewolf’sfriendshipwithherpetdog，itwaslikelytocomebacktoherbackyard.ResearchershopedPriorcouldhelpthem.Whentheyputsometraps(陷阱)inthebackofheryard，Priorgotaverycomplicated(复杂的)feeling.Shecouldn’tdescribewhatitwas.Thewolfwouldbeinasafeplace，butshewoulddosomethingthatharmedBobby’sfeelings.ResearcherstoldPriorthattheywouldtaketherare，blackwolftotheYellowRiverWildlifeSanctuarywhereitwouldlivewithanotherwolf.Theydidn’tthinkitasatisfyingsituationforawildanimallikeawolftohaveaconnectionwithhumans’life.Theyneedtokeepanaturalawarenesstohumansandpetsandkeeptothemselves.Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearnwhyitlikedtogetclosetopeopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistorywithwell-meaninghumans.PriorhadnotexpectedthatsheandBobbyshouldmeetsuchaspecialandlovelywolf.Theyjusthopedthedearfriendallthebest.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了VanessaPrior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为朋友，宠物救援中心看到了她在Facebook上的照片后，联系到了她，准备捕捉这只狼，并将其带到保护区中生活。1．WhathappenedtoVanessaPrioraccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Shedidn’tlikeherdog’snewfriend.B．Shewasawardedforherhelpfulpicture.C．Sherealizedherdogmadefriendswithawolf.D．Shecalledthepetrescuecentretocatchthewolf.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.”及第二段中第三句可知，起初Prior以为那是一只野狗，但直到一家宠物救援中心给她打电话，VanessaPrior才意识到她的狗和一只狼成了朋友。故选C。2．HowdidPriorfeelwhensometrapswereset?A．ShewasafraidtoloseBobby.B．Sheregrettedhelpingtheresearchers.C．Shewasworriedaboutthewolf’sfuture.D．Shehadbittersweetfeelingsaboutthewolf.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中第三句可知，当他们设置陷阱时，Prior对那只狼有苦乐参半的复杂感觉。故选D。3．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheblackwolffromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itisakindandsociableanimal.B．Itwasoncekeptasahumanpet.C．Itwillbesenttothewildtolivewithotheranimals.D．Ithasagreatawarenessofdistancingitselffromhumans.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中第一、二句可知，狼专家将研究这种动物的基因，试图了解它为什么喜欢与人亲近，并试图与宠物玩耍。一些专家认为，它可能与善意的人类有着渊源，故可推知，这只黑狼善良且善于交际。故选A。4．Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?A．Inamedicalreport.B．Inatravelleaflet.C．Inanaturemagazine.D．Inascientificresearch.答案C解析文章出处题。文章主要讲述了VanessaPrior的宠物狗Bobby和一只狼成为朋友的故事。由此推知，本文可能出现在自然杂志上。故选C。B(2023·河北邯郸高一期末)Theworld’sanimalpopulationshavereducedbymorethantwothirdssince1970，accordingtoarecentresearchfromtheWorldWildlifeFund.TheLondongroupprovidedinformationon32,000wildlifepopulationswhichincludedmorethan5,000species.Theresearchersfoundthatpopulationsizeshadreducedby69percentonaverage.Theysaidthelossofforests，humanexploitation(开采)oftheenvironment，pollution，andclimatechangeweregreatcausesofthereducedpopulations.Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.However，theresearchersalsoaddedthatclimatechangewaslikelytobecomethemajorcauseinthecomingyears.WildlifepopulationsinLatinAmericanandtheCaribbeanSeaareaweregreatlyaffected.Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereduceddramaticallysince1970.Forexample，onepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1996and2021.Thesefindingsarearedflagthatwarnsofalargersystemfailureontheway.Evenonespecies’populationdropcanaffectotherspecies，finallyaffectingtheecosystem’sabilitytofunction(运转)．Humansdependonanunchangeableclimateandproductivefarmlandandfisheriestogetahead，butthepresentstatesarethreateningmanylife-sustainingecosystems.Ourfuturedependsonchangingtheunbalancesituationofnaturejustasitdependsonaddressingclimatechange.Andyoucan’tsolveonewithoutsolvingtheother.Everyonehasaroleindoinghisbit，fromindividuals(个人)tocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges，animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall，threateningtheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野生动物锐减的原因，以及呼吁人们应该采取行动保护野生动物。5．Whatisthegreatestthreattothewildlifepopulationsnow?A．Airpollution.B．Land-usechange.C．Globalclimatewarming.D．Illegalhuntingandkilling.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.”可知，现在，土地利用的改变仍然是野生动物种群面临的最大威胁。故选B。6．Howdoestheauthordescribethedecreaseoffreshwaterwildlife?A．Bylistingnumbers.B．Bygivinganexample.C．Byexplainingthecauses.D．Bymakingacomparison.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后两句可知，作者通过举例来描述淡水野生动物的减少。故选B。7．Whatcanbethefinalresultofonespecies’populationdrop?A．Thefarmlandbecomespoorer.B．Theweatherchangesunexpectedly.C．Thewholeecosystemfunctionspoorly.D．Thefishinggroundiscompletelypolluted.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的第二句可知，一个物种数量的减少最终会影响到整个生态系统的运转能力。故选C。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Towarnhumansoftheirextremebehaviour.B．Toraisefundsforresearchonclimatechange.C．Toshowthedifficultyofprotectingecosystem.D．Tocallonpeopletotakeactionstoprotectwildlife.答案D解析写作意图题。根据最后一段内容以及全文可推知，作者写作的目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护野生动物。故选D。C(2023·浙江嘉兴高一期末)Ifyou’veeverwatchedadogsleep，you’veprobablywonderedifanimalsdream.It’sadifficultquestion.Westilldon’tknowexactlywhyhumansdream，orwhydreamsmightbeimportant.Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder.Animaldreamsmightbeveryinteresting.“Ithinkdreaminggivesusawaytorelatemanyhumancognitiveabilitiestoanimals，suchasemotion，memory，andevenimagination，”saysDavidM．Pena-Guzmán，whorecentlyauthoredWhenAnimalsDream:TheHiddenWorldofAnimalConsciousness.Weknowmonkeyshaveemotions，butconsiderspiders，whicharecentstudysuggestsmayexperienceREM-likesleepandevendreams.Thethoughtofspiderdreamssoundsoutlandish，butitmaybetrue.“Wehavethisideaofdreamsbeinganimaginaryprocesswithsomethingcrazyinit，”saysMatthewWilson，aneurobiologistatMIT.“Butwhenwelookintoanimalmodels，we’resimplytryingtounderstandwhatgoesonduringsleepthatmightinfluencelearning，memory，andbehavior.”Catsweresomeofthefirstanimalsstudiedindreamresearch.MichelJouvet，apioneerofsleepstudies，provedthatcatsdreamedinthe1960s.InREMsleep，humanmusclesdon’tmovemuchdespitethebrainactivitythatpowersourdreams.Thebodydoesn’tactoutourdreamsnomatterhowrealtheyseem.Jouvetlearnedthat，incats，apartofthebraincalledtheponsseemedtocontrolREMsleepandproducepartialparalysis.Byremovingpartsofthepons，JouvetfoundwiththeirbrainsdeepinREMsleepthecatsbegantomoveasifawake，hunting，jumpingandfightingagainstunseenthreats.Thisprovidedawindowintowhatwashappeninginthecats’sleepingbrains.“Iwouldn’tbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals，andIthinkfinallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically，”StanfordneurobiologistPhilippeMourrainsays.“We’renottheonlyspeciesabletorememberandlearn.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家研究发现动物也会做梦，且研究动物梦可以了解动物的认知能力。9．Whatisthepointofstudyinganimaldreams?A．Toimproveanimals’sleepingquality.B．Tofindascientificwaytoraiseanimals.C．Tolearnaboutanimals’cognitiveabilities.D．Tounderstandtheimportanceofhumans’dreams.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句和最后一段中的“We’renottheonlyspeciesabletorememberandlearn.”可知，研究动物梦的意义是为了了解动物的认知能力。故选C。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlandish”meaninparagraph3?A．Special. B．Reasonable.C．Meaningful. D．Strange.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句可知，研究表明甚至蜘蛛也会做梦，这听起来是很奇怪的。故画线词意思是“奇怪的”。故选D。11．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelJouvet’sresearchoncats’dreaming?A．Catsdreaminawaydifferentfromhumans.B．TheponsiswhatkeepscatsstillinREMsleep.C．Dreamshaveverylittletodowithcats’behavior.D．Catsaremoreactiveinsleepthanwhenthey’reawake.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中第三、四句可知，脑桥使猫保持快速眼动睡眠。故选B。12．WhatdoesPhilippeMourrainthinkofanimaldreams?A．Theywillbeprovedbyfurtherresearch.B．Theyaremoreconfusingthanpeoplethink.C．Thepresentresearchisstillfarfromsatisfactory.D．Thereisalongwaytogobeforethey’reunderstood.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中第一句可知，菲利普·莫瑞恩认为动物梦将在进一步的研究中得到证实。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五(2022·江苏徐州高一期末)Morningornight?Whicheveroneyouprefer，thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks，asyoucanguess，aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.1Therefore，morninglarkstendtohitthedayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours，morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”2Thesepeoplehavetheleastenergyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheflipside，nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprisethattheycanstayupwellintothenight.Whileallbirdsarecreatedequal，somenight