Unit5IntotheUnknownStartingoutUnderstandingideas复习课件高二英语选择性

Unit

5

Into

the

unknownStarting

out

&Understanding

ideas(总复习)阅读词汇1.

intrigue

v._____________________________________________________

（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心2.

pyramid

n.________金字塔3.

astronomy

n.________天文学4.

tropical

adj.________________________来自热带的；产于热带的5.

cyclone

n.____________气旋；旋风6.

megadrought

n.__________超级干旱写作词汇1.

_____v.将……埋在下面bury2.

______n.运河canal3.

_________n.衰败downfall4.

_____n.残垣断壁,废墟ruin5.

________v.拒绝考虑,否定dismiss拓展词汇1.

___________n.文明（社会）→civilise

v.使文明→civilised

adj.文明的；有礼貌的→civilian

n.平民；老百姓；庶民adj.平民的；民用的civilisation2.

________v.离弃，逃离→abandoned

adj.被离弃的；被抛弃的→abandonment

n.离弃，遗弃，抛弃；中止abandon3.

__________n.扩大；增加→expand

v.扩大；增加；增强;发展→expandable

adj.可扩张的;可扩充的;可膨胀的expansionⅢ.短语筑基1.

与……相符/相一致_____________correspond

to2.

把……运用到……___________apply...to...3.

除……之外__________on

top

of4.

（因无人照料而）衰落，败落_____________fall

into

ruin5.

all

the

more____________更加；愈加6.

at

sth.'s

peak______________在……的巅峰1

句型公式：that引导同位语从句教材原句:The

fact

that

Maya

society

was

technologically

primitive

makes

its

achievements

all

the

more

incredible

and

mysterious.句式仿写:中国仍然是一个发展中国家的事实没有改变。____________________________________________________________The

fact

that

China

remains

a

developing

country

has

not

changed.2

句型公式：leave+宾语+宾补教材原句:Meanwhile,

the

rise

and

fall

of

this

civilisation

must

also

leave

us

thinking

about

our

own

past,

present

and

future.句式仿写:别让她在外面雨里等着。_______________________________________Don't

leave

her

waiting

outside

in

the

rain.Ⅰ.文本理解Reading

for

the

main

idea.The

text

is

mainly

about

the

introduction

to

the_____________________.mysteries

of

the

MayaReading

for

the

structure.Fill

in

the

following

blanks

with

proper

words.The

Mysteries

of

THE

MAYAPara.

1Introduce

the

topic.Para.

21._____________

made

by

the

Maya·impressive

palaces

and

temples·the

Maya's

understanding

of2._________________________Para.

3The

3._________

of

Maya

civilisationAchievementsmathematics

and

astronomydownfallThe

Mysteries

of

THE

MAYAPara.

4-5The

4.________

for

the

collapse

of

Maya

civilisation·human

causes·5._______________Para.

6Reflection·The

mysteries

of

Maya

civilisation

remain

to

be

solved·think

about

6.______________________________reasonsnatural

disastersour

own

past,

present

and

future续表Reading

for

the

details.Choose

the

best

answer

according

to

the

text.1.

What

do

we

know

about

Gadoury

from

the

first

paragraph?(

)

DA.

He

got

support

from

the

scholars.B.

He

drew

many

ancient

star

charts.C.

He

found

the

positions

of

117

stars.D.

He

was

fascinated

by

Maya

civilisation.2.

What

contributed

to

Maya

civilisation's

collapse

in

many

scientists'

opinion?(

)

CA.

The

high

speed

of

development.

B.

The

decline

of

trees.C.

The

droughts.

D.

Tropical

cyclones.3.

How

does

the

author

start

paragraph

4?(

)

BA.

By

listing

examples.

B.

By

asking

questions.C.

By

making

a

comparison.

D.

By

analysing

causes.4.

What

played

an

important

role

in

the

decline

of

the

Maya

according

to

some

research?(

)

DA.

Conflicts

between

cities.

B.

The

European

settlers.C.

The

spread

of

diseases.

D.

The

people

themselves.Reading

for

thinking.What

is

implied

in

Maya

civilisation's

collapse

for

us?__________________________________________________________________________________To

avoid

following

in

Maya's

footsteps,

we

should

try

our

best

to

protect

the

environment.课文语法填空

The

secrets

of

Ancient

Maya

civilisation

are

powerful

among

people.

Maya

civilisation

1.___________________

（surround）

by

mystery

since

its

rediscovery

in

the

19th

century.

The

Maya

built

2.__________

（impress）

palaces

and

temples,including

their

representative

step

pyramids.

But

the

greatest

mystery

of

all

is

what

caused

the

Maya

3.___________

（abandon）

most

of

their

great

cities.

Some

research

seems

to

indicate

that

the

Maya

people

has

been

surroundedimpressiveto

abandon4.___________（they）

may

have

played

5.___

part

in

their

downfall.

By

changing

the

landscape,

it

is

possible

that

the

Maya

people

unknowingly

reduced

their

6._______

（able）

to

deal

with

natural

disasters.

Research

also

suggests

that

those

natural

disasters

may

have

led

to

the

decline

7.___

the

Maya.

These

droughts

would

have

led

to

food

shortages,

conflicts

and,

ultimately,

the

downfall

of

the

cities.

8._________

the

reasons,

Maya

civilisation

9._______（large）

disappeared

within

the

deep

jungle.

Its

once-great

cities

fell

into

ruin,

10.________（leave）

various

mysteries

for

later

people

to

solve.

Meanwhile,

the

rise

and

fall

of

this

civilisation

must

also

leave

us

thinking

about

our

own

past,

present

and

future.themselvesaabilityofWhateverlargelyleavingⅡ.难句突破1.

What

is

most

extraordinary

about

these

complex

structures

is

how

they

were

built

without

the

use

of

wheels,

metal

tools

or

even

animal

power.【译文】这些复杂建筑最不同寻常之处在于，在没有使用机轮、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下，他们是如何建造它们的。【分析】这是一个主从复合句。What引导的______从句在句中作主语；how引导的是______从句。主语表语2.

By

changing

the

landscape

in

this

way,

it

is

possible

that

the

Maya

people

unknowingly

reduced

their

ability

to

deal

with

natural

disasters.【译文】通过这样的方式改变地貌，玛雅人可能在不知不觉中减弱了自己应对自然灾害的能力。【分析】这是一个主从复合句。By

changing...way在句中作________语；that引导的是______从句，it为________语。方式状主语形式主3.

This

is

likely

to

have

led

to

a

series

of

droughts，each

lasting

for

a

couple

of

years，including

a

“megadrought”

around

900

AD.【译文】这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每一次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年的一场“超级干旱”。【分析】该句为简单句，句子的主干为This

is

likely

to

have

led

to

a

series

of

droughts；each

lasting...为独立主格结构（代词+v.-ing）；including...为介词短语作____语。状词句精讲·夯实基础1

bury

v.将……埋在下面；安葬；覆盖；使陷入情境佳句①Based

on

this,he

believed

he

had

spotted

an

unknown

Maya

city

buried

deep

in

the

jungle.（教材原句）据此，他相信自己发现了一座隐藏于丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。②He

sank

down

on

the

ground,

burying

his

face

in

his

hands.

他一屁股坐在地上，双手掩面。③Since

she

left,

he's

buried

himself

in

his

work.自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。归纳拓展bury...in...把……埋到……里be

buried

in.../bury

oneself

in...

专心致志于……bury

one's

face

in

one's

hands

某人双手掩面学以致用［单句填空/完成句子］①

This

of

course

created

a

new

problem:

dirt

practically

_______（bury）

the

first

floors

of

every

building

in

Chicago.buried②

Mailboxes

might

be

buried___the

snow,

or

broken,

or

lying

on

the

ground,

but

the

mail

was

always

delivered.in③

Since

he

took

over

the

project,

he

______________________________________________________（专心致志于他的工作）.

has

buried

himself

in

his

work/has

been

buried

in

his

work2

that引导同位语从句情境佳句①The

fact

that

Maya

society

was

technologically

primitive

makes

its

achievements

all

the

more

incredible

and

mysterious.（教材原句）玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始，这一事实使得玛雅的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。②He

made

a

suggestion

that

I

（should）

start

right

now.他建议我应该立刻动身。③I

don't

like

the

idea

that

money

is

everything.我不喜欢“金钱就是一切”的观点。归纳拓展

同位语从句在复合句中作某一抽象名词的同位语，对该名词作进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。常见的抽象名词有idea、fact、news、truth、belief、thought、doubt、problem、possibility、rule、proposal、promise、suggestion、advice等。名师点津（1）引导同位语从句的连接词that在句中不作任何句子成分，无具体意义且不可省略。（2）在question、problem、concern等表示疑问意义的抽象名词后的同位语从句的引导词常用wh-类的词。（3）在suggestion、advice、request、requirement等表示“要求，建议”等词后的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。学以致用［单句填空/单句写作］①

I

hold

the

belief

_____

nothing

is

impossible

for

a

willing

heart.that②

He

asked

a

question______

we

should

have

the

party,

and

I

told

him

the

exact

time.when③

赢得第一名这个消息令我们所有人都兴奋起来。____________________________________________________The

news

that

our

team

won

first

prize

excited

all

of

us.④

我不知道她是否会来。__________________________________________I

have

no

idea

whether

she

will

come

or

not.3

abandon

v.离弃，逃离情境佳句①But

the

greatest

mystery

of

all

is

what

caused

the

Maya

to

abandon

most

of

their

great

cities.（教材原句）但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛弃了绝大部分的大城市。②They

were

so

excited

that

they

jumped

and

shouted

with

abandon.他们兴奋得跳起来，尽情地喊叫。③After

her

mother

died,

she

abandoned

herself

to

grief.母亲死后，她沉浸于悲伤之中。归纳拓展（1）one's

hope/plan/idea放弃某人的希望/计划/主意sth./sb.（to

sb.）舍弃某物/某人（而被别人取得）oneself

to...沉湎于……;纵情于……（to为介词）doing

sth.放弃做某事abandon（2）abandoned

adj.被抛弃的;被离弃的;放纵的（3）with

abandon

放纵地;放任地学以致用［单句填空/句式升级］①

Never

in

her

life

had

she

felt

so

alone,

so__________（abandon）.abandoned②

My

doctor

advised

me

to

abandon_________（smoke）.smoking③

He

abandoned

himself

to

Internet

games

and

didn't

pass

the

exam.→__________________________________,

he

didn't

pass

the

exam.（现在分词短语作状语）→___________________________,

he

didn't

pass

the

exam.（过去分词短语作状语）Abandoning

himself

to

Internet

gamesAbandoned

to

Internet

games4

ruin

n.残垣断壁，废墟情境佳句①Its

once-great

cities

fell

into

ruin,

leaving

various

mysteries

for

later

people

to

solve.（教材原句）曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。②When

they

returned

to

their

hometown,

they

found

their

neighborhood

in

ruins.当他们回到家乡的时候发现他们的街区变成了废墟。归纳拓展（1）n.［U］毁坏，毁灭;［C］废墟，残垣断壁in

ruins严重受损，破败不堪fall

into

ruin

衰落，败落（2）vt.毁坏，破坏,糟蹋;使破产ruin

one's

hope/fame/chance毁掉某人的希望/名誉/机会学以致用［单句填空/单句写作］①

The