第7讲 介词、冠词、词性转换讲练（50题） -【暑假自学课】2023年新九年级英语暑假课（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

第页第7讲介词、冠词讲练+词性转换精讲1、熟练掌握介词&冠词在基础及阅读中的应用2、熟练常握词性转换知识一、专题知识梳理—冠词冠词概述1．冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。2．冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种：不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，通常带有“一”、“某一”、“一种”的含义；定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。知识点1不定冠词的用法1、不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数量，意思和one差不多：

例如:a.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.罗马不是一天建成的。

b.Hewillbebackinadayortwo.他将在一至两天内返回。

例如：apairofsocks,ahundred,twoyuan,ametre,eighthoursaday,twiceaweek,acupoftea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。例：Agrammarbookisnecessarytoalanguagelearner.对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。Ahouseisausefulanimal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，Amanislookingforyou.4、表示“每一”，相当于every例如，Igotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.我已经有三本书，我想再买一本。6、用在某些固定词组中：alot(of)许多，大量；afterawhile过一会儿；havearest（休息）；havealook（瞧瞧）；haveagoodtime（过得开心）；takeashower（淋浴）；takeabreak（休息）；takeabath（洗澡）；getacold（患感冒）；getafever（发烧）；makealiving（谋生）；inamoment（过一会儿）；记忆方法：【重点】a和an的区别不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。例如：aboy,auniversity,aEuropean（欧洲的）country;anhour,anisland,anelephant,anumbrella记忆技巧：2、字母前a,e,i,o,四个元音字母f,h,l,m,n,r,s,x八个辅音字母记忆方法：3、数字前8,11,18,80,800知识点2定冠词的用法1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。例如，Theblueshirtismine.蓝衬衫是我的。Wherearetheotherstudents?其他学生在哪儿？2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：Openthewindow,please.请打开窗户。3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。4、指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?哪一个大，太阳还是地球？5、用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如：Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，theUnitedStates美国7、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:thepoor穷人,theblind盲人8、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩9、用在方位词前。例如:ontheleft在左边，inthemiddleof在中间10、用在乐器名称前。例如：Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.她每天弹钢琴。11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver长江12、用在某些固定词组中：allthesame仍然；allthetime一直；atthemoment此刻；atthesametime同时；bytheway顺便说；dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；intheopenair在户外，在野外记忆口诀：知识点3零冠词的用法1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，Tian’anMenSquare天安门广场，2、可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。例如mybook(正)；mythebook(误)3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：a.Theyareteachers.他们是老师。b.Tigerslikemeat.老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前:例如：onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，onWomen’sDay在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Tom汤姆，Mum妈妈6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：Icanseeafootball.我可以看到一只足球。Where’sthefootball？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：No.25MiddleSchool8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：bybus乘公共汽车；bycar乘汽车；bybike骑/坐自行车；bytrain乘火车；byair/plane乘飞机；bysea/ship乘船，但takeabus，inaboat，onthebike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：dayandnight日日夜夜；brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour时时刻刻；hereandthere到处(3)介词词组：athome在家；insurprise惊奇地；atnoon在中午;onfoot步行；atnight在晚上；onduty值日；atwork在工作；ontime准时；forexample例如；inclass在上课；onshow展览；inbed在床上(4)go短语：gohome回家；gotobed上床睡觉；gotoschool去上学；gotowork去上班；goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼【难点】用与不用冠词的差异1.inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里2.infrontof在……(外部的)前面/inthefrontof在……(内部的)前面3.takeplace发生/taketheplace(of)代替4.gotoschool上学/gototheschool到学校去5.nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年6.ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家(一人)/ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家(两人)例题精讲：例题1:ElainealwaystellsusthatstudyinginAustraliawas______importantexperienceinherlife.A.aB.anC.theD./例题2:Kittyissuch______honeststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.A)a

B)an

C)the

D)/

二、专题知识梳理-介词知识点1：常考介词用法at1)在整点数atsix2)指在午夜黄昏和黎明atnightatdawn3)(在)一个小的地点athomeatthesupermarket4)泛指圣诞节、复活节等atChristmas5)在某具体的年龄attheageof…,on1）表示时间，在具体的某日、上下午或者星期几。如，onJan.17th,onSunday,onthemorningofJuly6th,onacoldnight2）在……上，接触性的意义。Thevaseisonthetable.in1）表示不同的时间阶段。年份，季节，月份，年月，周，早上，下午，晚上。如，inJan.2009,inSpring,intheevening,2）表示时间的固定用法，结构为in+一段时间，表示在这段时间之后，用于一般将来时态。3）表示方位，在……里面。4）表示方位，在一个大的地点用in。5）表示穿着、戴着、享受着等抽象概念。阳光、灯、影、衣、帽。如，inthesun,inred,inahat.,inglasses6）语言、单位、材料。如，inEnglish,inkilometer,inredink.with1）表示与……在一起。Shelivedwithhissister.2）表示使用……做。Whatwillyoubuywiththemoney?3）表示具有，有……的特征。Sheisawomanwithabadtemper.by1)by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。如：bythelake/river/tree/window/door等2)by+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。意为：“通过…，由…，乘…”。bytrain/rail/tube/taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane;byland/road/sea/water/air等。(onfoot)3)by+动词—ing./n.意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。4)被动语态be+donebysb.for表示目的，为了。for+一段时间，用于现在完成时态。7.from1)时间或地点from….to…befrom=comefrom2）距离farfrom3)其他用法bemadefromhearfrombedifferentfrom8.to1)方向gotothelibrary2）对象givesth.tosb.3）其他用法toone’sjoy9.about1)表示大约2)表示关于的意义3)与how或what连用10.across与throughacross强调从表面穿过through强调从空间内部穿过11.between与amongbetween强调两者之间among强调三者或三者以上之间12.except,exceptfor,besidesbesides除…之外，还有except除…之外except

for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,它不表示同类事物之间的关系。知识点2：常考介词搭配atatworkattheendoflaughatwithbeangrywithbeconnectedwithbestrictwithbebusywithdealwithsharewithbepleasedwithbesatisfiedwithwithgreatcareprovidesb.withsth.getonwellwithWiththehelp/developmentof……inbeinterestedinin+颜色、语言infavorofin+一段时间byby+交通工具、无形工具bydoingforgetreadyforprepareforpay…forberesponsibleforforthetimebeingbelateforticketforbuy…for…providesth.forsb.use…for…onholdononschoolbusonone’sbikebebasedonspend…on…tolookforwardtosth./doingsth.It’stime(forsb.)todosth.theanswertothequestionthekeytotheproblemthesolutiontotheproblemthewaytotheproblemfromlearnfromprevent/stop/protectfrombefromofbeproudof名词所有格专题知识梳理-词转Istartedtodesigndresses___________afterlearningdesigningforayear.(me)2.Itwas____________ofthelittlegirltofollowthemantoanunfamiliarplace.(fool)3.Helenwasresponsibletosearchforthe___________ofthemissingplane.(locate)4.Itwasabigevent.Mostofthevisitorswerewritersandsomewere____.(art)5.Manyinterestingactivitiesareheldtowelcomethe_______ofspring.(arrive)6.Road_________hasbeenpaidmuchattentiontosincelastyear.(safe)7.Theyareplanningtostudyoverseasafterthey______fromhighschool(graduation)8.Alotofyoungmenvolunteeredtofightthe_________whenthewarstarted.(German)9.WhiletravellinginEuropethissummer,Iranintoanoldfriendof_____(I)10.Idon'tagreewiththeoldChinese_________“Mendieforwealth,birdsdieforfood."(say)11.Morethanfivechildrenwere_________injuredinthetrafficaccidentyesterday(terrible)12.Sophieisgoodatlanguage.BesidesEnglish,shespeaksGerman,Italianand________(France).13.Couldyoutellmewhetherthe________OlympicGameswereheldin1972inGermany?(twenty)14.Whentheheadmasterwaspassingbythelibrary,shefoundoneofthewindows__________(break)15.Itisknownthat"Oftenpraisingachildisagoodmethodtomakethechild__________.(success)17.Peoplearethecreatorsofhistoryandtheyarethereal___________.(hero)18.Thereweretenstudentsintheroom,then_______morecameinsilently.(third)19.“________isachievedthroughhardwork,”isoneveryone`slipsthesedays.(happy)20.Hiswifeprefersthisrestaurantbecauseofits______environment.(please)21.TheMay______MovementisalsocalledtheNewCultureMovement.(four)22.Thehostadded,“Well,Ihopeyouwillbothenjoy______.”(you)23.We’reexpectinganew______inthefamilysoon.(arrive)24.______thinkinghasbecomeanobjectiveofoureducationsystem.(create)25.I’msorrytohearthatJimmyhas______brokendowninhealth.（complete）26.Chinesepeoplestartedtoopentothewesternworld______ago.(century)27.Therecordingwillbeplayed______tomakesureyoucanunderstandeachword.(two)28.Mr.Zhanghasalarge_____ofstampssinceheisabigfanofthem.(collect)29.Itis____ofmymothertoloseherpurseonthewaytothemarket.(happy)30.Thewell-knownrestaurantwill_____10newdishesnextmonth.(service)31.Marywasthe_______togiveaspeechatthemeetinglastweek.(five)32.Peoplethinkorganicteatastesbetter,butnon-organicteacosts______thanit.(little)33.Don’tgetclosetothewire,oryou’lleasilygetan________shock.(electricity)34.Thefoalofthecourseisto________ourunderstandingofothercultures.(rich)35.Jessieislearningtocookfor________thoughsheisonlysevenyearsold.(her)36.Thisnewtestwill________doctorstofindthediseaseasearlyaspossible.(able)37.Thisisaplacetoseevariousbirds,butit’sstill________toseesuchahugeonehere.(usual)38.High-speedtrainisagreat________tohelppeopletraveleasilybetweenbigcities.(invent)39.Ifyouareinterestedin_______history,youmayreadthesebooks.(France)40.Mr.Tailorandhisassistantsdecidedtogiveupthetestbecauseofthe_________weather.(change)41.Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeopleareeagertogoaboardto________theirstudies.(far)42.Itis_______foralittleboytofinishsuchadifficulttaskwithoutanyhelp.(possible)43.Samsawtwo_____breakintothehouseandcalledthepolice.(thief)44.Whenourwashingmachinebrokedown,ourneighborsletususe_____.(they)45.Childrengoto_____schoolaftertheyleaveelementaryschool.(second)46.Ifyouare_____ofconfidence,youwillbehappyallthetime.(fill)47.Becauseofthetrafficjam,Imissedthe_____ofthefilm.(begin)48.TheRedCrossisabiginternational_____andmanyvolunteersworkforit.(organize)49.Wewisheveryoneof________abrightfutureaftergraduation.(we)50.Playingseekandhideispartofmy________memory.(child)一、单项选择1．BeijingWinterOlympicGameswillbeheld________February,2022.A．at B．in C．on D．for2．Chinaintroducedthe“doublereduction”policy(双减政策)________July,2021.A．in B．on C．at D．since3．Theboyjoinedanartclubat________ageofsixandpaintswellnow.A．the B．an C．a D．/4．AllthecitizensinPuxihadtostayathome________April1,2022.A．at B．on C．by D．in5．Theweatherisgettingwarmer________Spring.Don’tstayinside________suchasunnyday.Let’sgoforawalkinthepark.A．in;on B．on;in C．in;in D．on;on6．Thereisagreatsale________thesecondfloorintheLongforMall________April16th.Let’sgoforalook.A．in;in B．in;on C．on;on D．on;in7．Chinasuccessfullyheldthe24thWinterOlympicsGames________February4th,2022.A．at B．on C．in D．by8．Ihadaneggand________glassofmilkforbreakfastthismorning.A．a B．an C．/ D．the9．—Doyouhave________basketball?

—Yes,Ido.A．a B．an C．the D．/10．—Haveyouwatched________TVseriesRenshijian?—Notyet,butmygrandparentsthinkhighlyofit.A．a B．an C．the D．/11．TigerWatch,________one-hourdocumentary,isreally________amazingTVprogramme.A．an;an B．an;the C．a;the D．a;an12．It’simportantforeveryonetobe________honestperson.A．a B．an C．the D．\13．Althoughheis__________oldman,hecangoto__________universityfortheold.A．an,an B．an,a C．a,a D．a,an14．—Didyouenjoy________WinterOlympics?—Yes.Itbrought________betterchancetoChinaandIamproudofbeingChinese.A．/,the B．a,the C．the,a D．/,a15．—WhenwillMr.BlackcometoChongqing?—________themorningofMarch5th.A．In B．At C．On D．Of16．I’msorrytohearthatthewarbetweenRussianandUkraine(乌克兰)happened________theeveningofFebruary24th.A．in B．of C．on D．at17．MariawenttoShanghaitovisittheDisneylandwithherparents________August8th.A．on B．in C．at D．by18．PresidentXiJinpingbeganhisinspection(视察)tourinthecityofWuzhishaninthecentralandsouthernpartsofHainanisland________Mondayafternoon.A．in B．on C．at D．to19．—WeiFen,didyouwatch________openingceremonyofthe2022BeijingOlympicGames?—Yes.Iwatcheditwithmyfamily.Weallthoughtitwas________amazingshow.A．the;an B．a;the C．a;an D．an;an20．MarkwatchedtheSpecialOlympicWorldGameswithhis________8-year-oldbrother.Andtheybothfeltexcited.A．a B．an C．the D．/21．Everyoneshouldtrytheirbesttocreate________cleanandpeacefulworld.A．a B．an C．the D．/22．Actingaplayinfrontoftheclassis________experienceIwillneverforget.A．a B．an C．the D．/23．LiuXiangwasborn_______Shanghai_______July13,1983.A．in;on B．on;in C．in;in D．on;on24．—Thereis________asleepbabyonthesofa.Doyouknow________baby?—No,Idon’t.A．an;the B．a;the C．an;an D．a;a25．WillthethreeastronautsreturntoEarth________halfamonth?A．for B．about C．in D．after26．WangYapingtaughtaclassfromspacetoallthestudentsinChina________Mar.23,2022.A．in B．on C．at D．for27．Simonisnotallowedtogooutintheeveningunlesshepromisestobehome________10o’clockatthelatest.A．since B．by C．after D．till28．Jeffis_________honestfollowtoworkwith.A．quitea B．quitethe C．aquite D．thequite29．Peterissoablethatallofusmakehim________monitor.A．a B．an C．the D．/30．________this,Iwashedtheclothesthismorning.A．Except B．But C．Besides D．Beside二、用所给单词的正确形式填空31．Ifyoudon’t