高中英语高考it用法讲与练

高中英语高考it用法讲与练l)It'sWednesdaytoday.

★1.指代作用2)ItisDecember24.

•⑴用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的该动物，事情或东西(单数可数名词或不可数名3)Itisabout300kilometersfromChongqingtoChengdu.

词)。4)Itiscloudy/rainy/snowy/windytoday.

l)Thisisanewminibus.Iboughtitlastweek.5)Itwillrain/snow/blowhardtomorrow.

2)Wesawapandaatthefootofthemountainyesterday.Itwaseatingsomefreshbamboothen.6)Itisnoisyattheneighborhoodatthemoment.

3)——Wherehaveyouputtherice?7)——Howmuchistheleatherjacket?

——Iputitinthecupboardtwodaysago,butitisgone.——It's800dollars.

代替前面的整个句子。

•(2)★2.形式作用

l)Tomjoinedtheairforcelastyear.Doyouknowaboutit?

・⑴形式主语：当动词不定式、doing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用

2)Whenthefactoryshutsdown,itwillmeanabout9000workerslosingtheirjobs.

it作句子的形式主语。

3)Itissaidthatherauntdiedoflung/livercancer,butitisn'ttrue.

l)Ifsimportanttomasteroneortwoforeienlarquaees.

♦Itissaidthatherauntdiedoflung/livercancer,whichisn'ttrue.(定语从句)

2)Itisgoodnottsspendtoomuchtimebeforethecomouter.

4)Mrs.Greenadvisedherhusbandstronglythatheshouldstopsmoking,butitdidn'thelp/work.

3)Itisagreathonor(forus)tobeinvitedtoyouroueninqceremony.

♦Mrs.Greenadvisedherhusbandstronglythatheshouldstopsmoking,whichdidn'thelp/work.

4)Itseemsapitytocallofftheconcert.

(定语从句)

5)IthasbeendecidedtoputofftheconferencetillJanuary29.

•(3)用以代替指示代词this或thato

6)Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimtalklikethat.

1)——Whafsthat/this?

Itsacamera.7)Itisgoodmanners(forus)tolettheoldtake011rseats.(做什么是有礼貌)

2)——Whoserecorderisthis/that?8)Itisbadmanners(foryou)toabuseyourteachers.(做什么是没有礼貌)

--Itistheirs.9)Itwilltakeyouabouttenhourstopaintthefencearoundtheschool.

•(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。如婴儿、敲门时、打电话时。10)Itis(a)wasteoftime/moneytowatch/watchingsolongTVplays.

l)Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.♦在下列两个句型中it是形式主语，不定式是真正主语；ofsb和forsb是不定式的逻辑主语：

2)——Whoisknockingatthedoor?AVhoisthat?

a.Itis/was+形容词(ofsb)todosth.

----Ifsme/Kate.

(赞扬，责备的形容词通常用ofsb作逻辑主语：wrong,right,kind,nice,brave,

3)---Whoisthat(speaking)?

careful,careless,greedy,honest,lazy,modest,selfish,thoughtful,

一It/Thisisme/Mike(speaking).

impolite,polite,clever,foolish,silly,stupid,cruel,rude,generous,

•(5)用作非人称代词，指时间、日期、距离、自然现象(天气、气候、明暗)、量度、温度、

considerate...)

价格、重量、环境等。

b.Itis/was+形容词(forsb)todosth.

(以下形容词通常用forsb作逻辑主语：easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,以上动词是及物动词，其后应有宾语(句中it即为其宾语)。it后的when/if从句不是宾语

impossible,possible,safe,dangerous,unusual,wonderful…。多数情况都用for从句，而是状语从句，when的意思是“当…的时候”，if的意思是“假如"o

sb作逻辑主语。)【例句见不定式23页】1)1wouldpreferitifyoudidn'ttellanyoneaboutmydaughter'smarriage.

♦Itisuselessdoing...;做…无用(nogood/use,helpless同)2)Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldgivemesomesuggestion。

l)Ifsworthwhileworkingthewholenightontheproblem.(=towork)3)Mysondislikeditwhenshebehavedbadlyinfrontoftheelders.

2)It'snousecomplainingwithouttakingaction.4)1hateitwhenshecallsmeatwork-I'malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.

3)Itisuselessarguingwithhar.forshewillnotchangehermind.5)Fdappreciateifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.

•4)Thereisnouse(in)arguingwithher,forshewillnotchangehermind.

A.itB.youC.oneD.this

•5)Thereisnogood(in)spendingsomuchtimeplayingcomputergameseveryday.

6)HowwouldyoulikeifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecame

intotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?

♦Itbe+形容词/名词/过去分词+that句子.【it形式主语，that句子真正主语】

A.themB.oneC.thoseD.it

Itis/waswell-known[certain/clear/obvious/evident/likely/possible/impossible/unlikely/true/

♦canhelpit:能防止或避免某事发生，可以/能够的话，有办法的话

fair/unfair/essential/appropriate/unbelievable]that.....

canJthelpit:不能防止或避免某事发生

Itis/wasnecessary[important/natural/strange/surprising/annoying/disappointing/upsetting/

l)Don'thangaroundinthisdistrictifyoucanhelpit.

frightening/good/better/best/curious/funny/right/wrong/advisable/desirable/necessary/

2)IfIcanhelpit,Idon'tlikeworkinglateintothenight.

urgent/vital/remarkable/sad/proper]that句子(should式虚拟语气)

★3.强调作用：Itis/was...that/who......:(强调句)

Itis/wassaid[thought/hoped/believed/considered/reported/suggested/advised/recommend/

【强调主语、宾语、宾补、状语】

decided/announced/arranged]that.....

Itbe(人、物、时间、地方)that句子。

Ithasbeenproved[said/reported/thought/hoped/believed/announced/suggested]that.....

Itbe(人)who句子。

Itis/wasapity[ashame>afact、awonder>amystery>asurprise>agood/badthing>

把下列句子的划线部分分别变为强调句：

anhonour>good/badnews>nowonder]that.....

1)Mr.GreenboughtaclockattheshoplastFriday.

♦(2)形式宾语：代替不定式，doing,宾语从句。【例句见不定式】

2)Whatdidshesellyesterday?

find/think/consider/feel/suppose/makeit+形/名+to不定式：

3)Wedidn'tgoabroaduntilDecember23.

发现/认为/使得做…是…

4)1amgoingtovisittheGreatWalltomorrow.

<find/think/consider/feel/suppose/makeit+形/名+that句子：

5)Sheleftschoolafterthemeetincwasover.

发现/认为/使得…是・・・

1)1thinkitisthedriverwho/thatistoblameforthetrafficaccident.

♦表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词如appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,enjoy,prefer

2)John,ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkthathasmadehim

等后接由if或when等引导的从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it。

presidentofthecompany.

•3)ItmusthavebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.——Itwasonthesquareweflewkitessometimes.

4)Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.towhich

5)Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.26)Itwasabouttenminutesafterwearrivedatasmallvillageitbegantopourdown.

6)Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirace,buttheireducationthatcausesA.whenB.whereC.thatD.how

misunderstanding.27)Itwas80yearsbeforeChristopherColumbuscrossedtheAtlantic____________ZhengHesailedto

7)Well,maybeitisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.EastAfrica.A.whenB.thatC.afterD.since

8)ItwasaJapanesecarthatourmanagerboughtlastmonth.★4.几个固定短语：

9)HaveyouseenthefilmUndertheHawthornTree?getit明白；理解；猜中；受罚

----Ofcourse,Ihave.Itwasinourvillagethatitwasmade.makeit成功；及时达到

10)ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverthatMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.putit表达；陈述

ll)Wasitonalonelyislandthathewassavedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?holdit别动；稍等；别挂断；就这样

12)Itwasin1994thathegraduatedfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwentbacktohismotherland.manageit完成

13)ItwasafterthewarwasoverthatthesoldiersleftthenortheastofChina.meanit没开玩笑；认真

14)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.takeit认为；忍受；忍耐

15)ItwasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathathemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.watchit注意；当心;小心

【

NotuntilhecamebackfromAfrica,didhemeetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.]l)Hetriedtojumpoverthefenceandfinallyhemadeit.

。

16)Itwasbecausehiscarbrokedownonthewathathewaslatefortheconference.2)MaybewecanmakeittotheDeathValleybeforedark.

17)Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestisliteraturethathechosethecourse.3)1gavehimagentlehintandhedidn'tgetit.

18)ItwasRreenthatwepaintedallthedoorsatthehospital.4)Ifyoudon'tdobetterthanthatyou'llgetitintheneckfromMr.Smith.

19)Itwaschairmanthattheyelectedmyfatherlastmonth.5)Evenifyouareright,thafsnotthewaytoputit.

20)Sheaskedhowitwasthatherescuedthepeopletrappedintheflood.6)That,snotahardjob.I'msureIcanmanageitmyself.

21)Theofficerwonderswhereitwasthattheprisonersgottheguns.7)Youhavetowatchitwhenyoustepontotheice.

22)Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess.Iwanttoknowwhatitisthatyouwantmetosay.8)Kateisalwaysteasingherbrotherandunfortunatelyhecan'ttakeit.

23)Wedon'tknowwhenitwasthatthethieftookallthemoneyaway.9)Whenwesaywewillworkharder,wemeanit.

[20-23句的宾语从句是强调句。】★5.几个含有it的固定句型：

24)Wheredidyoumeetwithyourformerchemistryteacher?

♦A.Itwilltake/be时间before+句子(用一般现在时)：将需要/过多少时间才做…

----ItwasatthefactoryIworked.

Ittook/was时间before+句子(用一般过去时)：花费/过了多少时间才做了・・・

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

l)ltwilltakelong/twentyminutesbeforeshefinishesthewashing.

25)——WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?

2)1'msorryyou'vebeenwaitingsolong,butit'llstillbesometimebeforeBriangetsback.

3)ltwaslong/fourmonthsbeforehecamebacktolife.

♦B・Itis/hasbeen„.since...:从“■以来多久了

Itwas/hadbeen,,,since...:从…以来多久了

注意：此句型中如果since从句中谓语为延续性动词，翻译时应翻译为否定式。

l)ltis/hasbeentendayssincesheleftAfrica.

2)Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.

3)ltis/hasbeeneighteenyearssincehelivedinthecountryside.

4)ltis30dayssincethebabywasill.

5)ltwas/hadbeenfivehourssincetheycametothecity.

6)ltwas/hadbeensixweekssincetheoldmanwasill.

♦C.强调句与定语从句和状语从句的区别:

在强调时间状语或者地点状语的句子中，如把ltbe・・・that・•■去掉，该句子仍然是正确的,

那该句子是强调句，否则就是其它句型。

l)Itwas14:28,May12,2008whentheearthquakehappened.（时间状语从句）

2)Itwasat14:28,May12,2008thattheearthquakehappened.（强调句）

3)Itwasthetheatrewherethepresidentwaskilledthismorning.（定语从句）

4)Itwasatthetheatrethatthepresidentwaskilledthismorning.（强调句）

5)Itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootball

game.

A.thatB.asC.whichD.when

6)Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthecoachpicksuptourists.

A.whoB.whichC.whereD.thatIt等练习题

1.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinddifficulttotellonefromtheother.

A.itB.themC.herD.that

2.Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoosebasedonyourown

interests.

A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it

3.Wefeelourdutytomakeourcountryamorepowerfulcountry.

A.itB..thisC.thatD.oneA.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That

4.-----Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.17.worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.

------Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It

A.oneB.thisC.itD.that18.Hedidn'tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.

5.TheemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalA.thisB.thatC.itD.these

governmentstoincrease.19.1don'tmindhercriticizingme,butishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.

A.them.B.thoseC.itD.thatA.itB.thatC.thisD.which

6.Whydon'tyoubringtohisattentionthatyou'retooilltoworkon?20.——WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?

A.thatB.itC.hisD.him——Itwasonthesquareweflewkitessometimes.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.towhich

7.Ifsnotwhatwedoonceinawhileshapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently

21.TheinformationontheInternetgetsaroundmuchmorerapidlythaninthenewspaper.

A.whichB.thatC.howD.when

A.itB.thoseC.oneD.that

8.Thedoctorthoughtwould,begoodforyoutohaveaholidayinthecountrysidewhere

22.Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.

theairwasfresher..

-----Whenwas?

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it----------------------------wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.

9.ThefactthatshewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountryA.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It

AsoB.muchC.thatD.it23.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemadeherdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople's

10.Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.affairsinthattown.

A.itB.thatC.whatD.oneA.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

24.rdappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

11.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi'anishigherthaninanyotherareaofthecity.

A.thatB.it.C.thisD.you

A.thatB.thisC.itD.one

25.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressedtoand

12.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneyto

thenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.

buy.

A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself

A.oneB.itC.thisD.that

26.Itwasn'tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager'sreply.

76.Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthan

A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that

whoarenot.

27.1hopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.

A.onesB.thoseC.theseD.them

A.itB.thoseC.themD.one

14.Ourneighborsgaveababybirdyesterdaythathurtwhenitfellfromitsnest.

28.ThedoctoradvisedDavidthatheshouldtakeaholiday,butdidn'thelp.

A.us;itB.us;itselfC.ourselves;itselfD.ourselves;it

A.itB.whichC.sheD.that

15.Isn'titamazinghowthehumanbodyhealsafteraninjury?

29.1preferaflatinParistoinPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom's.

A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this

16.feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.

30.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems-infactfarmoreseriousthanmobilephonesdo.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.thoseA.doesn'tthereB.doesitC.doesn'titD.isn'tit

31.We'vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven'tfoundwelikeyet.45.--Doyouallowsmokingintheoffice?

A.oneB.onesC.itD.them----No.smokingherewillbefined.

32.Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.heistiredout.A.WhoeverB.AnyoneC.WhoD.Anyonewho

A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway46.Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?

33.Knowledgefromreallifeisn'teasiertoforgetthanachievedfromtextbooks.----Yes.I'mgoingtoapeacefulplace,especiallysuitablefbrrelaxation.

A.itB.thatC.oneD.thoseA.oneB.theoneC.thatD.this

34.1dislikewhenotherslaughatmeinpublicorthinkpoorlyofmebehind.47.StudyingWendy'smenu,IfoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilartoofMcDonald's.

A.thatB.thoseC.itD.themA.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all

48.Sarahmadetotheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.

35.“Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan'tfindarepairshop.”"Iknow

A.herselfB.thisC.thatD.it

nearby.Comeon,I'llshowyou.^^

49.Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutwasavailablefromthatshop.

A.oneB.itC.someD.that

A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither

36.ThereisonlyoneEnglish-Chinesedictionaryinthatbook-shop.Iwonderifyoustillwanttobuy

50.Ifyou'rebuyingtoday'spaperfromthestand,couldyougetforme?

A.oneB.suchC.thisD.that

A.itB.oneC.anotherD.any

51.Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?

37.Willyouseetothatmyc