2022届浙江省杭州地区含周边重点中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题解析版

2022届浙江省杭州地区〔含周边〕重点中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题第I卷第一局部：听力〔共两节，总分值30分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：〔共5小题，每题分，总分值分〕听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanneedtodotoday?A.Attendacompetition.B.Reciteacomposition.C.Collectsomematerial.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Itseemsyou’reverybusytoday.W:Yes.Iwanttotakepartinawritingcompetitionnextweek.Ineedtowriteacompositionofabout1,000words.ButbeforewritingIneedtosearchforalotofmaterial.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherprobablylikenow?A.Hot.B.Cold.C.Warm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ted,Iheardyou’reill.Whyareyououtdoorsstandinginthewind?M:Youmusthavehearditwrong.It’smybrotherTimwhohasafever.Iworkoutwhilehedoesn’t,youknow.W:Isee.Butdon’tyouthinkyouweartoolittleonsuchaday?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenwillthemanleaveforSweden?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:SowhenareyougoingtoSweden,tomorroworthedayaftertomorrow?M:Neither.Don’tyouseeI’mpackingnow?Mytrainleavesinjustfivehours.W:Ithoughtyouwerejustgoingtodoyourlaundry.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfinallydecidetogohome?A.Bybus.B.Intheman’scar.C.Inherfather’scar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,no.Imissedthebushome.Itsalreadyhalfpasttennow.Idon’tthinktherewillbeanotherbustocome.M:Don’tworry.Icantakeyouhome.W:Thanks,butwegoindifferentdirections.I’lljustcallmydadtopickmeup.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Asong.C.Analbum.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Henry,itseemsyoureallylovethesongsinWorkbook.M:Yes.OfallthealbumsI’veowned,nonehastaughtmemoreaboutmood,story,lyric,andmelodythanthisone.Itwasmyfavoriteandremainsmyfavorite.第二节：〔共15小题，每题分，总分值分〕听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthewomangetthebooks?A.Fromherneighbor.B.Fromherhusband.C.Fromthebookstore.7.Whatdoesthewomanhopetodo?A.WorkforAmazon.B.Earnalotofmoney.C.Writegreatbooks.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Ann,didn’tyousayyouwantedtobuysomenewbookslastweek?W:Yes.Whydidyouask?M:Thebookstoreinourneighborhoodiscelebratingitstenthanniversary.Thereisafortypercentdiscountonallbooks.W:Thanks,butIdon’twanttobuyanynewbooksnow.MyhusbandboughtmemorethantwentybooksonAmazonlastweekend.Theywereathalfprice.Wereallysavedalotofmoney.M:Whydidyoubuysomanybooks?W:Well,inordertowritepopularbooks,Ineedtoreadmorebookstolearnhowtowrite.听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthemanlackwhenhewasyoung?A.Hisownspace.B.Thefamily’slove.C.Chancestoplaywithsiblings.9.Whatdoesthewomanhave?A.Aneldersister.B.Anelderbrother.C.Ayoungerbrother.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Brown,youhavetwoyoungerbrothersandoneeldersister.Didyoulikegrowingupwithsomanysiblings(兄弟姐妹)?M:WhenIwasyoung.Ididn’tlikeitatall.Ihadnospaceofmyown.W:Youmusthavefacedalotofcompetitioninthefamily.M:You’reabsolutelyright.Aswegrewintoteenagers,ourmutualcompetitivenessdroveustogetgoodgrades.Andallofusendedupgoingtoaverygooduniversity.W:Whatdoyouthinkofhavingsomanysiblingsnow?M:NowIreallyappreciatethis.MykidshavemanycousinsandI’vemanyniecesandnephews.Theybringusgreatjoy.Sodoyouhaveanysiblings?W:Yes.Ihaveabrotherwhoistwoyearsolderthanme.Wegetalongverywell.Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerelittle.听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhyisAnnaabsentfromschoolthesedays?A.Sheissick.B.ShetravelstoAmerica.C.Shedoesaprojectondepression.11.WhatpercentageoftheUSpopulationbattletheissueofdepression?%.B.5%.C.9%.12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atahospital.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Richard,doyouknowwhyAnnadidn’tcometoschoolthesedays?M:She’ssufferingdepression.She’sreceivingprofessionalhelpnow.Andshewasadvisedtospendafewdaysathome.W:I’msosorrytohearthat.ButI’mnotsurprised.ItseemedtomethatAnnawasn’thappyatall.Ijustdidn’tknowitwassoserious.M:ButIknewshewassufferingdepression.AndIknowsheisn’talone.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Depressionissomethingmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldstrugglewithonadailybasis.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,350millionpeoplearoundtheworldsufferfromdepression.InAmericaalone,9percentofthecountrybattlestheissue,with3.4percentsufferingfromamajorcaseofdepression.W:That’sreallyacommonproblem.Idohopepeoplecanfindgoodwaystoovercomedepression.M:Me,too.Oh,myclasswillbeginsoon.Talktoyoulater.Bye.W:Bye.听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofvisitingartgalleries?A.Costly.B.Worthwhile.C.Disappointing.14.Wheredidthewomangorecently?A.Washington.B.Seoul.C.Paris.15.Howoldisthewomannow?A.22yearsold.B.26yearsold.C.28yearsold.16.Whichartgallerydoesthemanwanttovisitagain?A.Museed’OrsayinParis.B.CentrePompidouinParis.C.theNationalGalleryofArtinWashington.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Sam,itseemsyoureallylovevisitingartgalleries.M:That’strue.Ithinkartgalleriesprovidetheperfectbackgroundtoadmireandappreciateworksofartbygreatartistsofdifferenterasacrosstheglobe.W:Iagree.Visitinganartgallerycannotonlybefunbutalsoexcitingasyouexperiencethefirst-handlookofmanyamazingmasterpiecesaltogether.M:Sodoyoulikevisitingartgalleries,too?W:Yes.IjustcamebackfromWashingtontheotherday.IvisitedtheNationalGalleryofArtthere.Ithasoneofthebiggestcollectionsofmasterworksintheworld.Sohaveyoualsovisitedit?M:Yes.It’samazingSowhatotherartgallerieshaveyouvisited?W:IvisitedCentrePompidouwhenIwasinParislastyearandtheNationalMuseumofKoreainSeoulwhenIwas22yearsold.Thoughitwas6yearsago,Irememberthatexperienceverywell.M:Didn’tyouvisitMuseed’OrsaywhenyouwereinParis?W:No.Ididn’thavealongstayinthecity.ButIlookforwardtovisitingitnextyear.Ibetyoumusthavevisitedit.M:You’reright.It’soneoftheworld’srichest,greatestandmostexcitingartgalleries.Ican’twaittorevisitit.听下面一段独白，答复以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17WhendoesBlackFridaydatebackto?A.The1950s.B.The1990s.CThe2000s.18.WhatdoesBlackFridayrefertonow?A.Aneventwithinstores.B.Aneventonlyforonlinesales.C.Anonlineandofflineshoppingfestival.19.WhatkindofgoodsisusuallysoldonCyberMonday?A.Smallparts.B.Technologyitems.C.Homedevices.20.HowmuchdidSinglesDayearnlastyear?A.$7.16billion.B.$38.4billion.C.$9.4billion.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】W:Helloeveryone!Welcometoourprogram.So,todayI’lltalkaboutsomebigshoppingeventsandtheirhistory.ThefirstoneisBlackFriday.Thisonedatesbacktothe1950sandfallsontheFridayafterThanksgivingOriginally,itstartedasaneventwithinstores.Butnowit’sanonlineandofflineshoppingfestival.CyberMondayistheMondayafterBlackFriday,andit’sonlyforonlinesales.Itbeganin2005.Nowit’smoresuccessfulthanBlackFriday,earningarecord$9.4billionlastyear.Salestendtobeonexpensivetechnologyitems,likecomputers.We’reallfamiliarwithSinglesDay.Itdatesbacktothe1990sbutdidn’tbecomeashoppingeventuntil2021.Sincethen,it’sbecomethebiggest24-hoursaleseventintheworld.Lastyear,thisshoppingeventearned$38.4billion,beatingoutBlackFridayandCyberMonday.PrimeDayisbasicallytheNorthAmericanversionofDouble11.Itwasstartedin2021.Forshopperslikemethatlovesmallpartsandhomedevices,Primeisagreattime.ButitstillfallsfarbehindSinglesDayandonlyearnedS7.16billionlastyear.第二局部：阅读理解〔共两节，总分值35分〕第一节：〔共10小题；每题分，总分值25分〕阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AThoughtheTokyoOlympicGamesdrewtoacloseonAugust82021,thepublicisstillwatchingtheathletes.Theiroutfitsandthetechnologiesthathelpedtheminthecompetitionhavearousedpeople’sinterest.SuBingtian,thefirstChinesesprintertoreachanOlympic100mfinal,hasascribedhisbreakthroughtoscientifictraining.“IttakesSu47stepstorun100meters.Eachstepcounts,〞LiangDong,amemberofSu’strainingteam,toldShenzhenEveningNews.“RandyHuntington,Su’sAmericancoachandabiomechanicsexpertintrackandfield,hascollectedalotofdataonoutstandingsprintersandbuiltadatabase.HeputinallofSu’sdataandgotanear-optimalmodel.WhenSuistraining,theteamuseshigh-speedcamerastorecordhistrainingandcomparesitwiththemodeltofindouthisweaknesses.〞Technologyhasalsobroughtanewboosttotabletennis.OnJuly27,thesemifinalmatchbetweenChina’sSunYingshaandJapan’sMimaItowasinfullswingattheTokyoMetropolitanGymnasium.Youwouldn’thaveguessedthatbesidesplayers,refereesandaudiences,apowerfulAIplatformwasmonitoringthematch.Everyserve,swingandmovementofMimaItowascapturedbythisAIcloudplatformdeployedinTokyo.Atanaveragespeedof100Mbps,thedatawastransmittedtothetechnicalteamoftheZhejiangUniversityTableTennisIntelligentBigDataAnalysisPlatform,2,442kilometersawayfromtheTokyoMetropolitanGymnasium,accordingtoThePaper.TheTokyoOlympicGameshaveseennotonlyscientificsupportintraining,butmanyhigh-endtechnologiesinathletes’devices.Forexample,theKenyawomen’svolleyballteam’sGPSdevicesfeddataoneachplayer’sstrength,heartrateandsoontocoaches,whousedtheinformationtopreventinjuryandpersonalizetrainingplansforeachindividual,SouthChinaMorningPostreported.21.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“ascribed〞inParagraph2?A.attachedB.owedC.adaptedD.devoted22.WhicheventintheTokyoOlympicsisn’tmentionedinthepassage?A.Tabletennis.BSprint.C.Women’svolleyball.D.Archery.23.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EnhancingSportswithTechnologyB.AreportabouttheTokyoOlympicGamesC.AnAlplatformmonitoringtheTokyoGamesD.DevicesandTrainingDetermineAthletes’Competition【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高科技的开展与应用给运动装备及竞技方式带来的革新，从而促进了运发动训练技巧，比赛成绩等方面的进步。【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段“Theiroutfitsandthetechnologiesthathelpedtheminthecompetitionhavearousedpeople’sinterest.〞〔帮助他们提升竞技水平的装备和科技已经引起了人们的注意。〕可知，科技的开展促进了运发动的成绩提升。第二段开头以苏炳添为例，说明科技对运发动成绩提升的促进。所以，此处“ascribedhisbreakthroughtoscientifictraining〞〔把突破归功于科学训练〕中“ascribe〞意为“归因于〞，应选B项。2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“SuBingtian,thefirstChinesesprintertoreachanOlympic100mfinal,hasascribedhisbreakthroughtoscientifictraining.〞〔中国第一位进入奥运百米大赛的田径运发动苏炳添就把突破归因于科学的锻炼〕；第三段“Technologyhasalsobroughtanewboosttotabletennis.〞〔科技也给网球运动带来了促进。〕以及第五段“theKenyawomen’svolleyballteam’sGPSdevicesfeddataoneachplayer’sstrength,heartrateandsoontocoaches〞〔肯尼亚女子排球队的GPS设备能把有关运发动的力量、心率等数据传送给教练〕，可知本文以“Tabletennis〞，“Sprint〞和“Women’svolleyball〞为例，说明了科技开展为体育运动带来的促进作用。应选D项。3.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Theiroutfitsandthetechnologiesthathelpedtheminthecompetitionhavearousedpeople’sinterest.〞〔帮助他们提升竞技水平的装备和科技已经引起了人们的注意。〕以及后文通过三项运动赛事田径、网球和女子排球的例子说明了科技对体育运动的促进作用。A项“EnhancingSportswithTechnology〞〔科技提升运动〕符合此意。应选A项。【点睛】说明文的文章结构一般是总分结构，主旨大意在第一段，然后用例如或数据等来对主旨进行详细阐述及说明。所以，抓住第一段段落大意就能准确理解整篇文章及判断标题。例如本文第三题，需要考生找出文章的最正确标题。即可利用词方法，文章第一段中最后一句话“Theiroutfitsandthetechnologiesthathelpedtheminthecompetitionhavearousedpeople’sinterest.〞〔帮助他们提升运动成绩的装备和科技引起了人们的兴趣〕即说明了本文会围绕科技与运动展开说明。故第三小题选择A项“EnhancingSportswithTechnology〞〔科技提升运动〕最为适宜。BParentsandkidstodaydressalike,listentothesamemusic,andarefriends.Isthisagoodthing?Sometimes,whenMr.Ballmerandhis16-year-olddaughter,Elizabeth,listentorockmusictogetherandtalkaboutinterestsbothenjoy,suchaspopculture,heremembershismoredistantrelationshipwithhisparentswhenhewasateenager.“Iwouldneverhavesaidtomymom,‘Hey,thenewMaroon5albumisreallygreat.Howdoyoulikeit?’〞saysBallmer.“Therewasjustacompletegapintaste.〞Musicwasnottheonlygulf.Fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earliergenerationsofparentsandchildrenoftenappearedtomoveinseparateorbits.Today,thegenerationgaphasnotdisappeared,butitisgettingnarrowinmanyfamilies.Conversationsonsubjectssuchassexanddrugswouldnothavetakenplaceagenerationago.Nowtheyarecomfortableandcommon.Andparent-childactivities,fromshoppingtosports,involveafeelingofmutualtrustandfriendshipthatcancontinueintoadulthood.Butfamilyexpertswarnthatthenewequalitycanalsoresultinlessrespectforparents.“There’sstillalotofstrictnessandauthorityonthepartofparentsoutthere,butthereisachangehappening,〞saysKerrie,apsychologyprofessoratLebanonValleyCollege.“Inthemiddleofthatchange,thereisalotofconfusionamongparents.〞Familyresearchersofferavarietyofreasonsfortheseevolvingrolesandattitudes.Theyseethe1960sasaturningpoint.Greatculturalchangesledtomoreopencommunicationandamoredemocratic(民主的)processthatencourageseveryonetohaveasay.“Myparentswereonthe‘before’sideofthatchange,buttoday’sparents,the40-year-olds,wereonthe‘after’side.〞explainsMr.Ballmer.“It’snotsomethingeasilyaccomplishedbyparentsthesedays,becauselifeismoredifficulttounderstandordealwith,butsharinginterestsdoesmakeitmorefuntobeaparentnow.〞24.Whichofthefollowingindicatesthatthegenerationgapisdisappearing?A.Parentssharemoreinterestswiththeirchildren.B.Parentsandchildrentalkmoreaboutsexanddrugs.C.Parentsandchildrengetinvolvedinthesameactivities.D.Parentsbelieveintheirchildren’sabilitiesmorethanbefore.25.Whatisthechangeintoday’sparent-childrelationship?A.Moreconfusionamongparents.B.Lessgratitudetoparentsfromchildren.C.Newequalitybetweenparentsandchildren.D.Morestrictnessandexpectationsofparents.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeanaccordingtotheauthor?A.Today’sparentscansetalimittothechange.B.Today’sparentsfollowthetrendofthechange.C.Today’sparentsdon’ttakethechangeseriously.D.Today’sparentscanhardlyadjusttothechange.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Adescriptionofdifficultiestoday’sparentsmeetwith.B.Predictionsoftheparent-childrelationshipinthefuture.C.Suggestionsonhowtohandletheparent-childrelationship.D.Adiscussiononthedevelopmentoftheparent-childrelationship.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了父母与孩子之间关系在现在与过去的变化与开展。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Musicwasnottheonlygulf.Fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earliergenerationsofparentsandchildrenoftenappearedtomoveinseparateorbits.(音乐并不是唯一的鸿沟。从服装、发型到活动和期望，早期的父母和孩子似乎在不同的轨道上运行)〞可推断，如今代沟的消失表达在父母与孩子有着更多相同的兴趣爱好。应选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Butfamilyexpertswarnthatthenewequalitycanalsoresultinlessrespectforparents.(但家庭专家警告说，这种新的平衡也会导致人们对父母的尊重减少)〞可知，如今亲子关系之间出现的变化是父母与孩子之间新的平衡。应选C项。【26题详解】句意猜测题。根据划线句“Myparentswereonthe‘before’sideofthatchange,buttoday’sparents,the40-year-olds,wereonthe‘after’side.(我的父母站在变革的‘前’一边，而如今40多岁的父母那么站在变革的‘后’一边)〞及划线句后句“It’snotsomethingeasilyaccomplishedbyparentsthesedays,becauselifeismoredifficulttounderstandordealwith,butsharinginterestsdoesmakeitmorefuntobeaparentnow.(这对现在的父母来说不是一件容易的事，因为生活更难理解或处理，但分享兴趣确实让为人父母变得更有趣)〞可猜测，如今的父母可以跟上变化的趋势，能够应时代的变化而采取一种和孩子交流的方式。应选B项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“‘Myparentswereonthe‘before’sideofthatchange,buttoday’sparents,the40-year-olds,wereonthe‘after’side.’explainsMr.Ballmer.(鲍尔默解释说：“我的父母站在变革的‘前’一边，而如今40多岁的父母那么站在变革的‘后’一边)〞及全文可知，文章主要是关于对父母与孩子之间关系的开展的讨论。应选D项。CLosingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia〔痴呆症〕increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn’tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50,it’squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon’trememberevenseeingit,that’sfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that’s“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.〞Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou’vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn’tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellasmedicationslikeantidepressants.Youdon’thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenceagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain’scognitive〔认知的〕reserve,Daffnersays.“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,〞hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainpromotion.28.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn’tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips?A.Allofthemarejustage-related.B.Theyexistamongfifty-year-olds.C.Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.D.Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.29.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?A.Ourinteractionskillsworsen.B.Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.C.Mostpartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.D.Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.30.WhatisDr.Daffner’sadviceforfightingagainstmemoryloss?A.Havingregularphysicalcheckups.B.Turningtoaprofessionalforassistance.C.Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.D.Takingmedicinethathelpspromoteone’sbrain.【答案】28.C29.D30.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了年老失忆和痴呆的区别，并且提出如何对抗失忆的建议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.〞〔痴呆症的迹象和与年龄有关的记忆丧失之间有相当明显的区别〕和第二段“Afterage50,it’squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBoston.〞〔波士顿布里格姆妇女医院的柯克·达夫纳医生说，50岁以后，很难快速记住人名、地名和事物的名字是很常见的〕可知，并不是所有的失忆都是痴呆症的病症，所以不用太担忧，应选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.〞〔某些部位会萎缩，尤其是大脑中对学习、记忆和方案很重要的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的沟通。随着血管变窄，血液流动会减少〕可知，当我们变老时，我们大脑内部的交流能力减弱，应选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,〞hesays.〞〔他说:“读书、看电影、培养新的爱好或参加新的活动，这些都会迫使你以新颖的方式思考。〞〕可知，达芙纳医生对对抗失忆的建议是在身体和精神上都保持活泼，应选C。【点睛】第二节：〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shynessisnormalanditisnotconsideredasamentalproblem.Allpeoplehavebeenshyatonetimeoranother.Eventhemostconfidentpeopleexperiencedbeingshy.____31____.Youprobablyarewonderingwhyyouareshy.Itmaybebecauseoftheenvironmentyouwereusedtoorthewayyouwerebroughtup.Certaineventsorincidentsinthepastmayalsoleadtothereasonwhyyouareshynow.____32____Mostshypeoplehaveshyparentsandrelativesanditisnotsurprisingtofindoutthattheytoohavebecomeshypersons.Oneofthenegativesidesofbeingshyishavingthetendencytobepassive.Mostofthetimeshypeoplecan’tstandupforthemselvesandwhattheybelieveisright.____33____Thisapparentlyinfluencestheirsociallifeaswellaswork,familyandotheraspectsoftheirlife.Whileshynesshasnegativeaspects,ithaspositivesides.Shypeopleareusuallygoodobserversanddonotgetthemselvesintotoomuchtroublebecausetheytrytoobservetheirenvironmentoranysituationbeforetheyact.____34____Theycanalsomakegreatfriends.Sincetheyhavedifficultiesinsocialscenes,makingfriendsseemstobeamust.Therefore,theyvaluetheirfriendswholeheartedlyandhaveproventobeloyalandthoughtfulfriends.____35____Someofthembornwithshyparentshavesuccessfullybattledagainstbeingshy.Thiscontributestotheirconstantself-improvement,developingself-esteemandtryingtobeexposedtonewenvironments.A.Butinmostcases,shynessprovestobegenetic.B.Theyaresensitiveandaccustomedtogettingsuspicious.C.Becausesomepeopleareborntobeshy,theyletitgohang.D.Soifyou’refeelingshy,don’tworrybecauseyouarenotalone.E.Theyarenothot-headedandthinktwicebeforemakinganydecisions.F.Althoughshynessissomethingfrombirth,itcanbeimprovedovertime.G.Theyavoidcrowdsbynatureandstayawayfromgroupsandsocialinteractions.【答案】31.D32.A33.G34.E35.F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们会害羞的原因、介绍了害羞的弊端和益处以及害羞是可以慢慢克服的这一事实。【31题详解】第一段是全文的开篇，前三句话“Shynessisnormalanditisnotconsideredasamentalproblem.Allpeoplehavebeenshyatonetimeoranother.Eventhemostconfidentpeopleexperiencedbeingshy.(害羞是正常的，它不被认为是一种精神问题。所有的人都曾有过害羞的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞)〞讲到害羞是正常现象，所有人，包括最自信的人，都曾害羞过，D项“Soifyou’refeelingshy,don’tworrybecauseyouarenotalone.(所以，如果你感到害羞，不要担忧，因为你不是一个人)〞是本段的结论，正因为人人都会害羞，所以不用担忧，与上文构成因果关系。应选D项。【32题详解】上文“Itmaybebecauseoftheenvironmentyouwereusedtoorthewayyouwerebroughtup.Certaineventsorincidentsinthepastmayalsoleadtothereasonwhyyouareshynow.(这可能是因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情或事件也可能是导致你现在害羞的原因)〞讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部因素有关，而下文“Mostshypeoplehaveshyparentsandrelativesanditisnotsurprisingtofindoutthattheytoohavebecomeshypersons.(大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人)〞讲害羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因，是内部因素，上下文之间有转折比照关系，A项“Butinmostcases,shynessprovestobegenetic.(但在大多数情况下，害羞是遗传的)〞起到承上启下的作用。应选A项。【33题详解】根据下文“Thisapparentlyinfluencestheirsociallifeaswellaswork,familyandotheraspectsoftheirlife.(这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面)〞中指示代词this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面，G项“Theyavoidcrowdsbynatureandstayawayfromgroupsandsocialinteractions.(他们天生避开人群，远离群体和社会交往)〞中所描述害羞的人会“避开人群，远离群体和社会交往〞这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响，正是下文代词this指代的对象，与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系。应选G项。【34题详解】根据段首中心句“Whileshynesshasnegativeaspects,ithaspositivesides.(虽然害羞有消极的方面，但它也有积极的方面)〞可知，本段主要介绍“害羞〞的积极意义，E项“Theyarenothot-headedandthinktwicebeforemakinganydecisions.(他们不会头脑发热，在做任何决定之前都会再三考虑)〞讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中“positivesides〞的举例说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都是对中心句的举例说明。应选E项。【35题详解】根据下文“Someofthembornwithshyparentshavesuccessfullybattledagainstbeingshy.Thiscontributestotheirconstantself-improvement,developingself-esteemandtryingtobeexposedtonewenvironments.(一些人出生时父母就很害羞，但他们成功地战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不断自我完善，开展自尊，尝试接触新环境)〞可知，本段主要讲了害羞是可以战胜，F项“Althoughshynessissomethingfrombirth,itcanbeimprovedovertime.(虽然害羞是与生俱来的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善)〞讲害羞可以改善，作为段首中心句，是对全段内容的准确概括，且句中“itcanbeimproved〞与下文“theirconstantself-improvement,developingself-esteem〞相照应。应选F项。第三局部：语言运用〔共两节，总分值45分〕第一节：完形填空〔共20小题：每题分，总分值30分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JinghongisacityinSouthwestChina’sYunnanProvince.Thecitywillsoonopenafoodsource____36____especiallydevelopedforAsianelephants,inanefforttoreduce____37____betweenhumansandtheanimal.Theproject.withinvestmentof1millionyuan($154,686),____38____inDecemberandwascompletedinMay.Thebase,which____39____threetownshipsacross67hectares,hasgrownsomeoftheelephants’favorite____40____、including38.000musabasjootrees,aspeciesofbanana.Constructionworkersalsobuiltseveralpondsand____41____2metrictonsofsalttomeettheelephants’mineral____42____.“TheprojectismeanttoimprovethequalityofAsianelephants’habitat,enrichtheirfoodsourcesandprovidethemwithmoreto____43____〞saidChaWei,anofficialfromthebureau,“Afterthe____44____oftheproject,elephantswillbeabletoeatinthefoodsourcebase,whichcanstopthemfromforaging〔觅食〕in____45____anddamagingfarmers’crops.〞Obviously,theincreasingnumberofAsianelephantsiscloselylinkedtothegrowingawarenessofpeopletoprotect____46____Chaexplainedthatelephantsarevery____47____andunderstandingofeachother.Whentheirpopulationreachesacertainnumber,aherdwill____48____toreducecrowdingand____49____interbreeding〔异种交配〕.“Theelephants’trek〔长途跋涉〕earlierthisyearalso____50____therisingnumberofherds〞Chasaid,____51____aherdof15elephantsthat____52____theirhabitatinXishuangbannaandstartedmigrating〔迁徙〕northinMarchlastyear,withtheir____53____attractingglobalattention.____54____ongoingwildlifeprotectionefforts,thenumberofwildAsianelephantsintheprovincehasincreasedfrom170in1980to300today.Jinghongishometoabout185elephants,andtheirhabitat____55____intoabout350,000hectares.36.A.project B.base C.factory D.company37.A.contact B.barriers C.conflicts D.cooperation38.A.kickingoff B.takingup C.settingout D.puttingoff39.A.witnesses B.costs C.benefits D.covers40.A.flowers B.vegetables C.plants D.fruits41.A.reduced B.added C.raised D.brought42.A.needs B.preferences C.wishes D.habits43.A.learn B.play C.sleep D.catch44.A.completion B.start C.launch D.point45.A.cities B.towns C.villages D.counties46.A.