高考英语听力解题法则之人称法则

PAGE1PAGE高考英语听力解题法则Ⅳ——人称法则一：基础方法论述人称法则主要运用在长对话题型中。选项中的themanthewoman以及代词sheher、hehim、his等可以帮助我们确定问题是针对谁来提问的,从而确定听录音时应该重点关注谁的话。如果选项均以She开头,表明问题中含有thewoman，一般是针对女士提问;如果选项中含有thewoman,表明问题中不太可能含有thewoman,一般是针对男士提问;如果选项中既有thewoman,又含有theman,则问题一般不是针对某个人,而很有可能是Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?之类的提问方式。需要注意的是,对话中有时会出现除了对话双方之外的第三方,所以我们在听录音时如果听到对话中谈到了其他人物,就要格外留意问题是针对谁来提问的。二：例题讲解及思路分析例题Ⅰ：针对男士提问1：Whatdoesthemansayabouthisinvolvementwithpubs?选项分析AItprovideshimwithcareeropportunities选项结构him和hisBIthelpsenlargehiscustomernetwork考查类型本题针对男士的话提问CIthasbeenoffandonfortenyears听音重点留意男士的话听力原文及翻译呈现：W:Steve,canyoutellmehowlongyou'vebeenapubowner?M:Well,fouryears,Isuppose.I'vebeeninvolvedwithpubsoffandonfortenyears.I'vesortofdonehotelworkandI'vealsorunarestaurantpub.AndnowI'vegotwhatyoucallagoodold-fashionedpub...译文：W：史蒂夫，你能告诉我你做酒吧老板多久了吗？M：嗯，我想是四年。我断断续续地与酒吧打交道已经有十年了。我做过酒店工作，还经营过一家餐厅酒吧。现在我有了你所说的老式酒吧根据原文分析：答案选择C项2：Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?选项分析A.Dosomegardening.题目结构themanB.Haveabarbecue.考查类型本题针男士的话提问C.Gofishing.听音重点留意男士的话听力原文及翻译呈现：M:Wegotanyplansthisweekend?W:Wemightstartwithourvegetablegarden,thenthebarbecue.M:Soundsfun,butIstillwanttogofishingwithGeorge.M：这个周末我们有什么计划吗？W：我们可以从菜园开始，然后是烧烤。M：听起来很有趣，但我还是想和乔治一起去钓鱼。根据原文分析：答案选择C项例题Ⅱ：针对女士提问3：Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?选项分析A.Takecareofherbags.选项结构herbag/forherB.Packthefoodforher.考查类型本题针女士的话提问C.Checkthetrainschedule.听音重点留意女士的话听力原文及翻译呈现：W:Excuseme,couldyoumindmybagsforamoment?Iwanttobuysomefoodattheconveniencestore.M:Noproblem.Butbequick.Itwasannouncedthatmytrainwillarrivein10minutes.W：对不起，你能看一下我的行李吗？我想在便利店买点东西。M：没问题。但要快点。有人宣布我的火车将在10分钟内到达。根据原文分析：答案选择A项4：Whatisprobablythewoman?选项分析A.Ateacher.选项结构职业身份B.Ajournalist.考查类型本题针对女士的话提问C.Anathlete.听音重点留意女士的话听力原文及翻译呈现：W:Victor,you’vebeenhereinIndianaforsixweeksnow.Howareyoufeeling?M:IthinkI’vegotusedtocollegelife,goingtoclasses,workingoutandhangingoutwithmyfriends.Thoughthere’spressuretomeetdeadlines,lifehereisneverboring.W:What’sbeenhardaboutbeinganIndianabasketballplayer?M:Well,thetrainingisverycompetitive,weightliftingandrunningeveryday.It’snotlikehighschool.Inhighschool,Ireallydidn’thavetodothat.I’mjusttryingtogetusedtoit.AndIthinkIam.W:Atthispoint,howdoyouseeyourselffittingintothisgroup?M:Ithinkwe’realldifferent.GeorgeisfromBritain.ChrisandLeoarefromAustralia.I’mfromFrance.AndtherestareAmericans.ButIgetalongwitheverybody.Youknow,wearereallystartingtobond.It’sgreattoseehowwegroweachdayasateam.W:Thanks,Victor.IwishyouaveryhappyandfruitfulstayinIndiana.译文：W：维克多，你已经在印第安纳州待了六个星期了。你感觉如何？M：我想我已经习惯了大学生活，上课，锻炼和和朋友一起出去玩。虽然有按时完成任务的压力，但这里的生活从不无聊。W：作为一名印第安纳州篮球运动员，有什么困难的？M：嗯，训练竞争非常激烈，每天都有举重和跑步。这不像高中。在高中时，我真的不必那样做。我只是想习惯它。我想我是。W：在这一点上，你认为自己如何适应这个群体？M：我觉得我们都是不同的。乔治来自英国。Chris和Leo来自澳大利亚。我来自法国。其余的都是美国人。但我和每个人都相处融洽。你知道，我们真的开始建立联系了。很高兴看到我们作为一个团队每天都在成长。W：谢谢，Victor。祝您在印第安纳州度过愉快而富有收获的时光。根据原文首尾分析；该女士是在做采访；故答案选择B项例题Ⅲ：针对男女生双方提问5：Whatproblemdothespeakershave?选项分析A.Theyarelateforwork.选项结构TheyB.Theyarestuckinatrafficjam.考查类型本题针对男女士双方C.Theyarelostontheway.听音重点留意双方的话；都有可能出答案听力原文及翻译呈现：W:Oh,theroadisjammedwithtrafficagain.Wearegoingtobelateforwork.M:Let’smakeaU-turnatthenextcrossroadsandtryanotherway.译文：W：噢，路又堵车了。我们上班要迟到了。M：让我们在下一个十字路口掉头，尝试另一种方式。根据原文分析：答案选择B项6：Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?选项分析A.Anewoffice.选项结构对话内容B.Achangeoftheirjobs.考查类型本题针对男女士双方C.Aformercolleague.听音重点留意双方的话；都有可能出答案听力原文及翻译呈现：M:Lisa,IsawJackthismorning.W:Youmeantheformerdesignerofourcompany?What’shedoingthesedays?M:Hesaidhe’sgotanewjobasanartreporter.译文：M：丽莎，我今天早上见到杰克了。W：你是说我们公司的前任设计师？这些天他在做什么？M：他说他有一份新工作，是一名艺术记者。根据原文分析：答案选择C项三：名校模拟题训练PassageA—Step1—听力选择练习听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howsoonwillthepartybegin? A.In5minutes. B.In10minutes. C.In30minutes.2.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Helpthemanwithhisstudy. B.Sendthemantothehospital. C.Helpthemanaskforleave. 3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hearrivedbefore3:00p.m. B.Hedidn’tmakeareservation.C.Hecan’tcheckinatthehotel.4.WhatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoonMother’sDay?A.Eatout. B.Stayin. C.Gotothemovies.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout? A.Theweather. B.Agift. C.Theirfriend.共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段村料，回答第6、7题。6.Whathasrecentlybeendonetothespace?A.Anewbathroomhasbeenadded. B.Aprivateofficehasbeenbuilt.C.Thewallshavebeenpainted.7.Whatisthemanmostinterestedinaboutthespace?A.Theposition. B.Therent. C.Thesize.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’spaper?A.It’sinteresting . B.It’seasytofinish. C.It’shardtounderstand.9.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttowriteaboutclocksorumbrellas? A.Heknowsnothingaboutthem. B.Hethinkseverybodyisgoingtowriteaboutthem. C.Heisunwillingtodoresearchonthem.听第8段材料。回答第10至12题。10.HowlongaremostshopsopeninNewYork?A.9hours. B.10hours. C.12hours.11.Wherearethespeakers? A.InParis. B.InLondon. C.InNewYork.12.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononAmericans?A.Normal. B.Direct. C.Interesting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelatemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheearlyafternoon.14.Whatistheweatherprobablylike?A.Windy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.15.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutthenewjob?A.Thesalary. B.Theworkingtime. C.Theworkingconditions.16.Wherearethewoman’sfamilylivingnow?A.InAustralia. B.InMexico. C.InBritain.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidBillWalesleavehisparents?A.Attheageof18. B.Attheageof20. C.Attheageof23. 18.HowdoesBillWalespayhistuition? A.Byaskinghisparentsformoney. B.ByworkinginhissparetimeC.Byborrowingfromhisroommates. 19.WhatdidBillWalesdoafterhissecondyearatuniversity? A.Hemovedtoanotherplace. B.HeleftLondonandfoundajob.C.Heleftschoolandworkedforayear.20.WhydidBillWalesdecidetomovethesecondtime?A.Therentofhisroomwasraised. B.Hecouldn’tstandhisroommates.C.Hedidn'tgetalongwellwiththehouse-owner.PassageA—Step2—听力填空拔高练（听力原文）(Text1) W:Hurryup.Danny.It'6:00now.Areyoureadyfortheparty?M:Don'tworry.Thepartybeginsathalfpastsix.Itonlytakesus10minutestoarrivetherebytaxi.IpromiseI’llbereadywithin5minutes.(Text2)M:Hi,Cathy.W:Hi,Tom.Whats'wrongwithyou?Youlookpale. M:Justalittlestomachache.W:Comeon.Ithinkyoushouldasktheteacherforleaveandgotothedoctor.LaterI'llsendyoumyclassnotes.(Text3)M:Excuseme,I'mlate.Ihaveareservationhere.MynameisTeddyWilliams.W:It'sapity.Youplannedtoarriveatthehotelat3:00p.m.today,butnowit'salreadymidnight,sowecanceledyourreservation.(Text4)M:WhatdoyouliketodoonMother'sDay?Seeamovie? W:Iusuallyjuststayhomeandrest.M:Whydon'tyoueatatarestaurantwithyourkids?W:Well,I'mbusyallyearbeingamother.IdeservemyrestonMother'sDay.(Text5) M:IknowwhattogetLindaforherbirthday.W:Acomputer? M:No,evenbetter.Adog.W:That'sabadidea.Lookoutside.It'ssnowing.Doyouthinkshewantstowalkadoginthesnow?(Text6)W:Hello!Thanksformeetingmeheretoday.Thisspaceseemsperfectforyournewofficeneeds,doesn'tit?M:Itdoeslookgreat.Whatcanyoutellmeaboutit?W:Well,thewallshaveallbeenrecentlypainted.Therearetwoseparatebathrooms,oneformenandtheotherforwomen.Themainareais300squarefeet,andtheprivateofficeisabout20squarefeet.M:Well,thatdoesmatchwhatwe'relookingfor,butmymainconcernistherent.W:1,000dollarspermonth.(Text7)W:What'swrong?Youdon'tlookveryhappy.M:Oh,Ihavetowriteapaperaboutthemostimportantinventionevermade.It'sformyhistoryclass.W:That'snottoohard.Therearelotsofgoodinventions.M:Yeah,butit'sduetomorrow.W:Well,whatinventionareyougoingtowriteabout?M:Hmm,thecomputer,Iguess.W:Hmm.Isn'teverybodygoingtowriteaboutthat?Maybeyoushouldchoosesomethingolder,likeclocksorumbrellas.M:No,Ican't.Idon'tknowanythingaboutthem,andIdon'thavemuchtimetodoresearch.W:OK.Well,I'msureyou'llcomeupwithsomethinggood.M:Hey!Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantinventionever?W:Me?Let'ssee,uh,chocolate!(Text8)M:HowlongdidyouliveintheStates?W:Weweretherefortwoyears,inNewYork.Wehadawonderfultimethere.Whatwelikedbestwasthatwecouldworkandyetstillleadanormallife.Imean,theshopsareopentillteno'clock,suchasfoodshops,chemists.Andsomesupermarketsareopen24hoursaday.Mostshopsdon’topenasearlyasinEngland.Theydon'topenuntilabout10:00inthemorning.M:Didyoumakemanyfriends?W:Well,that'swhat'sinteresting.WemademorefriendsinourtwoyearstherethanwehaveaftertwoyearsoflivingbackhereinLondon.IthinkAmericansaremoreopen.Theyspeaktheirmindsdirectly,notliketheBritish,whomightthinkonethingandsayanother.(Text9)W:Yeah,thetrafficwasterribleandtherain,ittookmeagestogethere.I’lljustputmyumbrellainthecornerhere,shallI?Anyway,I'mreallysorryI'mlate.M:Well,I’mgladyougothereintheend.Nowweshouldprobablygetgoingasfastaswecan,becauseI’vegotanotherinterviewat12:00.Whydoyouwanttoworkforus?W:Well,I'mabitboredwhereI’mworkingatthemoment,soI'dreallylikeachange.Yourcompanyisbigger,andthesalary’sbetterthanthejobI’vegot.Mostimportantly,Iliketheunfixedworkinghours,becauseIfinditreallyhardtogetupinthemorning!M:Andwheredoyouwanttobeinfiveyears'time?W:Australia,Ihope!Idon'twanttoleavemyfamilyinthelongterm.I'mplanningtostayhereinBritainforayearortwo,buttobehonestIreallywanttomovesomewherehotandsunny,likeMexico.Butmymomwon'tletmego.(Text10)W:BillWalesisa23-year-oldstudentinhisthirdyearatLondonUniversityinBritain.HisparentsalsoliveinLondon,buthelefthomewhenhewaseighteenandhasbeenonhisowneversince.Heworksfulltimeduringholidaysandtakesoddjobsatweekends,onandoffthecampus,topayforhistuitionandsupporthimself.AfterhissecondyearatuniversityhehadtostophisstudiesatLondonforayearinordertoearnenoughmoneytotakeuphisstudyingagain.Inthefiveyearssincehelefthomehe'smovedhousetwice.Thefirstplacehegotwasaroomrentedfromafamilywiththreeyoungnoisychildren.Afterhestartedgoingtouniversityhefoundhecouldn'tstudyathomesohemovedtoanotherplace.Hesharedanapartmentwithtwootherstudentsandpaidforhisownroom.Thisplacewasgood.Buthewasconstantlyshortofmoney,sowhenhislandlordraisedtherentofhisroomby$10twomonthsago,heagaindecidedhehadtofindanewplace.参考答案：1-5CACAB 6-10CBBAC 11-15BBACB 16-20CABCAPassageB—Step1—听力选择练习第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakerswatchamovie?A.OnFriday. B.OnThursday. C.OnTuesday.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Placeanorder. B.Formateam. C.Designanuniform.3.WhatisSally’sfavoritecity?A.Paris. B.Madrid. C.Venice.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toacafe. B.Toadessertshop. C.Toabookshop.5.What’stherelationshipbetweenthemanandMr.GomezA.Hisboss. B.Hiscolleague. C.Hissecretary.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheman’sfather?A.Anengineer. B.Amechanic. C.Adriver.7.Howdoesthemansoundinthedialogue?A.Puzzled. B.Hesitant. C.Confident.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Anewworkmate. B.Ajobcandidate. C.Abusinessplan.9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?A.Byhisexperiences. B.Byhistradeskills. C.Byhisapplicationletter.10.WhenwillStevenJohnsonbeinterviewed?A.Tomorrow. B.Nextweek. C.Theweekafternext.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?A.Startanewposition. B.Movetoanewhouse. C.Attendameeting.12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?A.Cleaninguphisnewoffice.B.Packingupofficesupplies.C.Preparingforanentrypresentation.13.Whatwillthewomando?A.Giveanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Buycardboardboxesandtape.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.Atapark. B.Atamusichall. C.Atacoffeeshop.15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?A.It’squiet. B.It’sfamilyfriendly. C.It’smoreprivate.16.Whatisthepurposeoftheevent?A.Toenjoysomelivemusic.B.Tohelpananimalshelter.C.Tohavesomefamilyget-together.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Plansomeevents. B.Raisesomemoney. C.Contactsomebands.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。18.WhydidthewomanlearnArabic?A.ShewantedtogotoCairo.B.Shewasinspiredbyherteacher.C.Shebecameinterestedinculturalscenes.19.WhatisthebiggestchallengeoflearningArabicforthewoman?A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.20.Whatexcitesthewomanmost?A.Beinginvitedtoalocal’shomeforameal.B.Shoppingatalocalmarketfreely.C.Gettingtoknowthelocals’people.PassageA—Step2—听力填空拔高练（听力原文）(Text1)M:Hey,thatnewsuperheromovieisoutthisweekend!Butwe’regoinghiking.Maybewecangoduringtheweek?W:Okay.It’sshowingonTuesdayandThursday.M:Let’sgoonThursday.IplayfootballonMondaysandTuesdays.W:Perfect,let’sdoit!(Text2)M:Goodafternoon.I’mcallingaboutorderingsomeuniformsformybaseballteam.W:OK.Doyouhaveadesigninmind?Ifnot,youcanuseourwebsitetoviewdifferentstyles.Thenyoucansubmityourorderthroughthesite,too.(Text3)W:Jeremy,Europeisamazing!M:OhSally,that’ssocool.What’sthebestplacethatyouwentto?W:It’shardtochoose.IreallyloveParisandMadridbutithastobeVeniceasthearchitectureisjustbreath-taking.(Text4)W:HeyTom!Areyougoingtothecafedownstairstogetacupofcoffee?M:No,that’sclosed.I’mgoingtothedessertshopbythebookstoreonthenextstreet.W:DoyoumindifIgowithyou?M:Notatall.Ifeellonelygoingbymyselfanyway.(Text5)W:Jack,Mr.Gomezwantstoseeyouinhisoffice.M:Doyouknowwhy?IhopeIhaven’tdoneanythingwrong.W:Relax.Hejustwantstogooversomeclientdata.(Text6)W:Ican’tbelievemycardied!Thanksforgivingmeahand.M:Anytime.W:Youlooklikeyouknowwhatyou’redoing.M:Mydad’samechanic,sohetaughtmeafewtricksofthetrade.W:Doyouthinkit’llmakemuchlonger?M:Justanothercoupleofminutes,andyou’llbeabletohittheroad.(Text7)M:HaveyoureviewedtheapplicationletterofStevenJohnson?Hisexperiencesareprettyimpressive.W:Ihavenoticedhewonprettybigcontractsfromabiginternationaltraderlastyear.Doyouthinkhewouldbeagoodfitforourcompany?M:Well,wehavetoseehiminpersonbeforemakinganydecisions.ShouldIarrangeaformalinterviewwithhim?W:Actually,I’llbeoutoftownnextweek,sowhydon’twesetupascheduleinthefollowingweek?(Text8)W:Pablo,Iheardaboutyourpromotionintoday’sregularmeeting.Congratulations!Whendoyoustartyournewposition?M:Thanksverymuch!IstartonMonday.Thingsarealittlebusyatthemoment,though,becausemynewofficeisonadifferentfloor,andIhavetomoveallmypersonalbelongingsthere.W:Ijusttookchargeoftheofficesupplies,soifyouneedanythingtohelpyoupack,letmeknow.M:Thatwouldactuallybeveryhelpful.Ican’tbelievehowmanythingsI’vecollectedovertheyears!DoyouthinkIcangetsomecardboardboxesandtape?W:Sureyoucan.Oh,I’msupposedtogiveanexpensereportinfiveminutes.I’llcomebacktoyoulater.(Text9)W:HeyTerry,thischarityfundraiserI’morganizing,it’sgoingtobeabigevent!M:Whereareyouhostingit,Mary?W:Hereinthiscoffeeshop.There’sspaceforlivemusic,food,andlotsofactivitiesforkids.M:Oh,Iassumedyouwoulddoitatamusichall.W:Weconsideredit.Butitwasn’tavailablethen.Thenwedecidedeitherhereorthepark.Finally,wechosethisshopasit’smorefamilyf