大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷64（共225题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷64（共9套）（共225题）大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、仔细阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)Heavierpeoplearemorelikelytobekilledorseriouslyinjuredincaraccidentsthanlighterpeople,accordingtonewresearch.Thatcouldmeancardesignerswillhavetobuildinnewsafetyfeaturestocompensatefortheextrahazardsfacingoverweightpassengers.IntheUS,carmanufacturershavealreadyhadtoredesignairbagssotheyinflatetolowerpressures,makingthemlessofadangertosmallerwomenandchildren.Butnooneyetknowswhatitisthatputsoverweightpassengersatextrarisk.AstudycarriedoutinSeattle,Washington,lookedatmorethan26,000peoplewhohadbeeninvolvedincarcrashes,andfoundthatheavierpeoplewereatfarmorerisk.Peopleweighingbetween100and119kilogramsarealmosttwo-and-a-halftimesaslikelytodieinacrashaspeopleweighinglessthan60kilograms.Andimportantly,thesametrendheldupwhentheresearcherslookedatbodymassindex(BMI)—ameasurethattakesheightaswellasweightintoaccount.Someone1.8metrestallweighing126kilogramswouldhaveaBMIof39,butsowouldaperson1.5metrestallweighing88kilograms.PeoplearesaidtobeobeseiftheirBMIis30orover.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewithaBMIof35to39wereovertwiceaslikelytodieinacrashcomparedwithpeoplewithaBMIofabout20.Itisnotjusttotalweight,butobesityitselfthat'sdangerous.Whiletheydonotyetknowwhythisisthecase,theevidenceisworthpursuing,saysCharlesMock,asurgeonandepidemiologistattheHarborviewInjuryPreventionandResearchCentreinSeattle,wholedtheresearchteam.Hethinksoneanswermaybeforsafetyauthoritiestouseheaviercrash-testdummieswhencertifyingcarsassafetodrive.Crashtestsnormallyusedummiesthatrepresentstandard-sizedmalesweighingabout78kilograms.Recently,smallercrash-testdummieshavealsobeenusedtorepresentchildreninsidecrashingcars.Butlargerandheavierdummiesarenotused.Thereasonsforthehigherinjuryanddeathratesarefarfromclear.Mockspeculatesthatcarinteriorsmightnotbesuitablydesignedforheavypeople.Besides,obesepeople,withhealthproblemssuchashighbloodpressureordiabetes,couldbefoundittoughertorecoverfrominjury.RichardKent,anexpertinimpactbiomechanicsattheUniversityofVirginia,thinksthenewresearchhasestablishedalegitimateconnectionbetweenobesityandsevereinjuryordeath.BecausetheresearchusedBMIdata;ithasnotconfusedtaller(andthereforeheavierthanaverage)peoplewiththosewhoareoverweight.Peoplewhoareobesemightalsobeatriskbecauseseatbeltsdonotholdthemassecurelyinacrash."Forexample,alargeamountoffattissuebetweentherestraintsystemandthebonythoraxactsmuchlikeawintercoat:itintroduces'slack'intotherestraintsystemanddecreasesitsperformance,"Kentsays.1、Thereasonwhyheavypeoplegetinjuredorkilledmoreeasilyintrafficaccidents.A、liesindrunkdrivingB、liesintheairbagC、liesinthesafetybeltD、isnotclearlyknownyet标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据第二段Butnooneyetknowswhatitisthatputsoverweightpassengersatextrarisk．可知体重较重的人比体重较轻的人在车祸中死亡或负重伤的可能性大，但是目前尚不清楚是什么使胖人面临额外的危险，所以D选项表达正确。2、Whichoneofthefollowingpeopleisthemostlikelytogetkilledinacaraccident?A、Amanwhoweighs60kilograms.B、Amanwhoweighs50kilograms.C、AmanwhoseBMIis35.D、AmanwhoseBMIis20.标准答案：C知识点解析：推断题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，体重介于100到119公斤的人在车祸中丧生的可能性几乎是体重在60公斤以下的人的2．5倍。BMI(人体综合指数)介于35到39之间的人，其在车祸中死亡的可能性是BMI大约为20的人的两倍。四个选项中C选项BMI为35的人比其他三人发生交通事故的可能性大，所以选C。3、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghasnoconnectionwithobesity?A、Higherrateofdepression.B、Higherdeathrateintrafficaccidents.C、Higherinjuryrateintrafficaccidents.D、Difficultyinrecoveringfromatrafficinjury.标准答案：A知识点解析：推断题。B、C选项肥胖的人在车祸中死亡、重伤的可能性大．是前文出现过的内容；根据第八段Besides，obesepeople，withhealthproblemssuchashighbloodpressureordiabetes，couldbefindingittoughertorecoverfrominjury．“此外，患有高血压或者糖尿病的肥胖者，受伤后较难康复。”可知车祸后较难恢复也和肥胖有关，D表达正确。只有A选项内容文章没有涉及．所以选A。4、Theword"legitimate"(Line2,Para.9)maybereplacedby.A、lawfulB、reasonableC、casualD、close标准答案：B知识点解析：推断题。原文第九段该空所在句意为“弗吉尼亚大学研究撞击生物力学的专家理查德·肯特认为，新的研究已经在肥胖症与重伤或死亡之间建立起了一种关联性”。联系下一句内容，知道肯特的研究没有把高个子与超重者混淆，说明他的研究是可信的、成立的，推断legitimate意思是“合理的”，与reasonable为近义词．因此选B。5、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A、Heavypeopleandlightpeople.B、Newsafetymeasures.C、Obesityandriskindriving.D、Obesityandsafetybelts.标准答案：C知识点解析：主旨题。文章第一、八段都明确表示了文章的主题：体重较重的人比体重较轻的人在车祸中死亡或负重伤的可能性大。而且在其他段落用一系列的调查、课题研究和领域专家的实例对超重和交通事故的关系尝试做出现有的解释，C项是对文章大意的概括：肥胖症与驾车的危险性。因此正确答案为C。Commonindoorplantsmayprovetobeavaluableweaponinthefightagainstrisinglevelsofindoorairpollution.Thoseplantsinyourofficeorhomearenotonlydecorative,butNASAscientistsarefindingthemtobesurprisinglyusefulinabsorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesandcleaningtheairinsidemodernbuildings.NASAandtheAssociatedLandscapeContractorsofAmerica(ALCA)haveannouncedthefindingsofa2-yearstudythatsuggestthecommonindoorplantmayprovideanaturalwayofhelpingcombat"SickBuildingSyndrome."Researchintotheuseofbiologicalprocessesasameansofsolvingenvironmentalproblems,bothonEarthandinspacehabitats,hasbeencarriedoutformanyyearsbyDr.BillWolverton,formerlyaseniorresearchscientistatNASA'sJohnC.StennisSpaceCentre,BaySt.Louis,Miss.Basedonpreliminaryevaluationsoftheuseofcommonindoorplantsforindoorairpurificationandrevitalization,ALCAjoinedNASAtofundastudyusingaboutadozenpopularvarietiesofornamentalplantstodeterminetheireffectivenessinremovingseveralkeypollutantsassociatedwithindoorairpollution.NASAresearchonindoorplantshasfoundthatlivingplantsaresoefficientatabsorbingcontaminantsintheairthatsomewillbelaunchedintospaceaspartofthebiologicallifesupportsystemaboardfutureorbitingspacestations.Whilemoreresearchisneeded,Wolvertonsaysthestudyhasshownthatcommonindoorlandscapingplantscanremovecertainpollutantsfromtheindoorenvironment."Wefeelthatfutureresultswillprovideanevenstrongerargumentthatcommonindoorlandscapingplantscanbeaveryeffectivepartofasystemusedtoprovidepollutionfreehomesandworkplaces"heconcludes."Plantstakesubstancesoutoftheairthroughthetinyopeningsintheirleaves,"Wolvertonsaid."Butresearchinourlaboratorieshasdeterminedthatplantleaves,rootsandsoilbacteriaareallimportantinremovingtracelevelsoftoxicvapours.""Combiningnaturewithtechnologycanincreasetheeffectivenessofplantsinremovingairpollutants,"hesaid."Alivingaircleaneriscreatedbycombiningactivatedcarbonwithapottedplant.Therootsoftheplantgrowrightinthecarbonandslowlydegradethechemicalsabsorbedthere,"Wolvertonexplains.NASAresearchhasconsistentlyshownthatliving,greenandfloweringplantscanremoveseveraltoxicchemicalsfromtheairinbuildinginteriors.Youcanuseplantsinyourhomeorofficetoimprovethequalityoftheairtomakeitamorepleasantplacetoliveandwork—wherepeoplefeelbetter,performbetter,andenjoylifemore.6、Indoorplantscanbeusedinmanywaysexcept______.A、showingtheowner’stasteB、decoratingofficesandhomesC、absorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesD、cleaningtheairinsidebuildings标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。根据第一段Thoseplantsinyourofficeorhomearenotonlydecorative，butNASAscientistsarefindingthemtobesurprisinglyusefulinabsorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesandcleaningtheairinsidemodembuildings．“那些摆放在你办公室或家中的植物不仅是装饰品。而且美国国家航空航天局发现，它们在吸收潜在有害气体和净化现代建筑内的空气方面还能起到令人惊异的作用。”可知B“装饰办公室或家”、C“吸收潜在有害气体”、D“净化建筑”均有涉及，只有A没有提到，所以A选项是答案。7、ThestudyjointlyfundedbyALCAandNASAisbasedon______.A、previousresearchofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationB、laboratoryevidenceofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationC、assumptionsofcommonindoorplants’useinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationD、tentativeevaluationsofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalization标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据第四段内容Basedonpreliminaryevaluationsoftheuseofcommonindoorplantsforindoorairpurificationandrevitalization，ALCAjoinedNASAtofundastudyusingaboutadozenpopularvarietiesofornamentalplantstodeterminetheireffectivenessinremovingseveralkeypollutantsassociatedwithindoorairpollution．“基于对使用普通室内植物净化室内空气和再生新鲜空气的初步评估．美国园林产业联合会与美国国家航空航天局共同赞助了一项研究。该研究用约12种常见的观赏植物，测定它们清除与室内空气污染相关的几种主要污染物的效力”。可知该研究是基于对使用普通室内植物净化室内空气和再生新鲜空气的初步评估，所以选D。8、AllthefoliowingsarevitaltotheremovaloftracelevelsoftoxicvapoursexceptA、plantleavesB、plantrootsC、plantstemD、soilbacteria标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据第六段Butresearchinourlaboratorieshasdeterminedthatplantleaves，rootsandsoilbacteriaareallimportantinremovingtracelevelsoftoxicvapours．“但是，我们的实验室研究已得出结论：植物叶片、根部以及土壤细菌在清除微量有害气体方面都起着非常重要的作用。”可知C(植物茎部)并没有提及，所以选C。9、Theword"degrade"(Line4,Para.7)maybereplacedby______.A、reduceB、increaseC、neutralizeD、replace标准答案：A知识点解析：语义题。原文第七段大意为：“把自然和技术结合起来能够增强植物清除空气污染物的效力，”他说。“把活性炭和盆栽植物结合在一起，一个活的空气清洁器就诞生了。植物的根就长在活性炭中，在那儿慢慢地将吸收的化学物质，”沃尔弗顿解释说。联系前一句内容，推断degrade应和remove意思相同，为“降低，降解”．A选项reduce接近，因此选A。10、Peopleuseplantsinhomeorofficetomakethemfeel______.A、energeticandexaltedB、depressedandlowC、sadandgloomyD、pleasantandcomfortable标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。文章最后一段Youcanuseplantsinyourhomeorofficetoimprovethequalityoftheairtomakeitamorepleasantplacetoliveandwork--wherepeoplefeelbetter，performbetter，andenjoylifemore．“你可以在家中或办公室里摆放植物，用它们来改善空气质量，使这些地方成为更舒适的生活与工作场所——人们在这儿感觉更好，办事效率更高，更多地享受生活。”说明室内植物让人们感觉愉快舒适。因此正确答案为D。Moderatedrinkingreducesstrokerisk,studyconfirms.Similartothewayadrinkortwoadayprotectsagainstheartattacks,moderatealcoholconsumptionswardsoffstrokes,anewstudyfound.Thestudyalsofoundthatthetypeofalcoholconsumes—beer,wineorliquor—wasunimportant.Anyofthem,oracombination,wasprotective,researchersreportedintoday'sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation."Nostudyhasshownbenefitinrecommendingalcoholconsumptiontothosewhodonotdrink",cautionedtheauthors,ledbyDr.RalphL.SaccoofColumbiaUniversityCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsinNewYork.ButthenewdatasupportstheguidelinesoftheNationalStrokeAssociation,whichsaymoderatedrinkers,mayprotectthemselvesfromstrokesbycontinuingtoconsumealcohol,theauthorssaid.Theprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattackiswellestablished,butthedatahasbeenconflictingwithalcoholandstrokes,theauthorsaid.ThenewstudyhelpssettlethequestionandisthefirsttofindblacksandHispanicbenefitaswellaswhites,accordingtotheauthors.Furtherresearchisneededamongothergroups,suchasAsian,whopaststudiessuggestmaygetnostrokeprotectionfromalcoholormayevenbeputatgreaterrisk.Amonggroupswheretheprotectiveeffectexists,itsmechanismappearstodifferfromtheprotectiveeffectagainstheartattacks,whichoccursthroughboostsinlevelofso-called"good"cholesterol,theauthorssaid.Theyspeculatedalcoholmayprotectagainststrokebyactingonsomeotherbloodtrait,suchasthetendencyofbloodplateletstoclump,whichiskeyinformingthebloodclotsthatcancausestrokes.Theresearchersstudied677NewYorkresidentswholiveinthenorthernpartofManhattanandhadstrokesbetweenJuly1,1993,andJune1997.Aftertakingintoaccountdifferencesinotherfactorsthatcouldaffectstrokerisk,suchashighbloodpressure,theresearchersestimatedthatsubjectswhoconsumeduptotwoalcoholicdrinksdailywereonlyhalfaslikelytohavesufferedclot-typestrokesasnon-drinkers.Clot-typestrokesaccountfor80percentofallstrokes,aleadingcauseofUSdeathsanddisability.Strokeriskincreasedwithheavierdrinking.Atsevendrinksperday,riskwasalmosttriplethatofmoderatedrinkers.11、Theprincipleofprotectingoneselffromstrokesbyconsumingalcoholreasonablycannotbeappliedto______.A、heavydrinkersB、lightdrinkersC、milddrinkersD、non-drinkers标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据第二段引号“Nostudyhasshownbenefitinrecommendingalcoholconsumptiontothosewhodonotdrink”．“没有研究显示推荐那些不喝酒的人喝酒有益”可知，喝酒有节制是针对有饮酒习惯的人而言，没有喝酒习惯的人并不推荐他们喝酒，所以D选项表达正确。12、Whydidresearchersfindabouttherelationshipbetweenstrokesandalcoholconsumptionbeforethenewstudy?A、Theyagreedthatalcoholconsumptioncouldcausestrikes.B、Theycouldnotfindanydatatosupporttherelationship.C、Whattheyfoundwastotallyoppositetothenewstudy.D、Theirfindingswerenotconsistentwithanotherone’s.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据beforethenewstudy定位到第三段内容Theprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattackiswellestablished，butthedatahasbeenconflictingwithalcoholandstrokes．theauthorsaid．“有节制地饮酒保护人们不患心脏病这种说法广为人们接受．但是有关饮酒和中风的数据则互相矛盾”。说明之前的研究没有确定饮酒和中风两者之间的关系。题干中的notconsistent和原句conflicting互为对应点，所以选D。13、ThenewstudyconductedbyDr.Saccoandhiscolleaguesisuniqueinthat______.A、itrefutesearlystudiesontheprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattacksB、itconfirmsearlystudiesofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattacksC、itfindsthatmoderatedrinkingcanbenefitpeopleofdifferentracesequallywellD、ithelpstoresolvethedisputesovertheeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainststrokes标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据第三段ThenewstudyhelpssettlethequestionandisthefirsttofindblacksandHispanicbenefitaswellaswhites．accordingtotheauthors．“新的研究确定了饮酒和中风的关系，而且首次发现黑人和西班牙裔像白人也能同样受益。”说明节制的饮酒有益于不同种族的人，所以选C。14、Howdoesmoderatealcoholconsumptionmostprobablyprotectusfromstrokes?A、Byenhancingthelevelofthegoodcholesterol.B、Byreducingthepossibilityofthebloodplateletstodeposit.C、Byreducingthenumberofbloodplateletsandbloodclots.D、Byenhancingthepossibilityofthebloodplateletstodeposit.标准答案：B知识点解析：推断题。根据第四段Theyspeculatedalcoholmayprotectagainststrokebyactingonsomeotherbloodtrait。suchasthetendencyofbloodplateletstoclump，whichiSkeyinformingthebloodclotsthatcancausestrokes．“他们推断酒精通过对某些血液特征起作用防止中风．比如血小板结块的趋势，血小板会堆积形成血块，导致中风”推断要想防止中风，就要防止血小板沉淀堆积，这和B选项表述一致，因此选B。15、Accordingtothelastparagraph,______aretheleastlikelytosufferclot-typestrokes.A、peoplewhohavetwoalcoholicdrinksdailyB、peoplewhodon’thaveanyalcoholicdrinksC、peoplewhohavemorethantwoalcoholicdrinksdailyD、peoplewhohavelessthansevenalcoholicdrinksdaily标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。根据文章最后一段…theresearchersestimatedthatsubjectswhoconsumeduptotwoalcoholicdrinksdailywereonlyhalfaslikelytohavesufferedclot-typestrokesasnon-drinkers．“研究估计每天喝两杯的人得血块凝结中风的几率只有不饮酒的人的一半”可知正确答案为A。Theproblemofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportioned,sothattheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway,isnotanewone.Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity'stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere"limitstogrowth".Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-1945WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the"invisiblehand"ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.Inthesameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy.16、Whichofthefollowingsisnotanissueforeveryhealthsystemtotackle?A、Whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care.B、Whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority.C、Whichkindsofprofessionsaretobegivenspecialconsideration.D、Whichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据第一段可知A选项“在卫生保健方面投入的资源应占社会全部资源的多大比例”，B“什么样的疾病和残疾以及什么形式的治疗应该享有优先权”，D“什么形式的治疗是最节省成本的”都有提及，只有C“哪种职业需要特殊关照”并没有提及，属于每一个卫生系统需要做出的决定，所以C选项为答案。17、Whatisnewabouthealth-careresourcesfrom1950sonwards?A、Health-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportionedefficiently.B、Health-careresourceswerelimitedandfinite.C、Health-careresourceswereinfiniteandinexhaustible.D、Health-careresourcesshouldbegivenprioritybythegovernments.标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。根据1950s定位到第二段内容Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious．“卫生保健资源同样也会有一些限制的新观念就是这个显而易见的事实的一部分。”说明20世纪50年代以来人们认识到卫生健康资源是有限的。所以选B。18、Withhindsight,whatisinconceivableaboutnationalhealthsystemsintheyearsaftertheendofWWII?A、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemscateredtoallofpeople’sbasichealthneeds.B、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswereperfectlyestablished.C、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswerejustandfair.D、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswereup-to-date.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。根据WWII定位到第二段Lookingback，itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939—1945WorldWar，itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied，atleastinprinciple；the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide．“回溯起来．有一个观点现在看来不可思议：在1939年到1945年的世界大战结束后的几年内，很多国家建立了国民卫生体系，人们认为这样的国民卫生体系至少在理论上能够满足任何人群的所有基础卫生需求，经济增长中‘看不见的手’将提供一切所需。”题干中的Withhindsight和原文的Lookingback．inconceivable和incredible，cateredto和satisfied互为对应点，所以选A。19、Whendidhealth-carecometobeseenasaright?A、BeforeWWII.B、Before1950s.C、Ataboutthetimethatthelimitsofhealth-careresourcesbecameevident.D、Ataboutthetimewhenthebeliefthateconomicprogresswouldproduceallthehealth-careresourcesprevailed.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据第三段However．atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth．careresourceswassinkingin，anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties：thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth—careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife．“然而，就在这种认为卫生资源是有限的新思想销声匿迹的同时，一种相反的思想在西方社会发展起来了。这种思想认为享受卫生保健是人们的一项基本权利，而这种权力是人们正常生活的必要条件。”可知C选项的表述“几乎在人们认识到医疗资源是有限的同时，医疗保健开始被看做是人们的一项权利”是正确的．因此选C。20、Apersonisconsideredasautonomousandindependentwhenhe/sheis______.A、poverty-strickenB、deprivedofbasiceducationC、notlivingwithinacontextoflawandorderD、entitledtotherightsofhealth-careresources标准答案：D知识点解析：推断题。根据文章最后一段Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty—stricken，ordeprivedofbasiceducation，ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder．Inthesameway．basichealth—careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy．“如果为贫穷而苦恼，或者被剥夺了基础教育，或者没有生活在法律法规的框架下，那么人们就不能拥有个人自由，自主行事。同样，基础卫生保健也是人实现自由的一个条件。”可推断一个自由独立的人需要卫生保健的权利。所以正确答案为D。大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第2套一、仔细阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)ArecentcaseinAustraliashowshoweasilyfearcanfrustrateaninformant'sgoodintentions.InDecember,awomanwroteanonymouslytothecountry'santitrustwatchdog,theACCC,allegingthatheremployerwascolludingwithothersinbreachoftheTradePracticesAct.HerevidencewassufficienttosuggesttotheACCCthatfinesofA$10mcouldbeimposedon"alargecompany".Buttheagencyneededmoredetails.SojustbeforeChristmasitadvertisedextensivelytotryandpersuadethewomantocomeforwardagain.SomedayslaterherhusbandrangtheACCC,buthehungupbeforedisclosingvitalinformation.Nowtheagencyistryingtocontactthecoupleagain.InAmerica,thereissomeevidencethattheeventsofSeptember11thhavemadepeoplemorepublic-spiritedandmoreinclinedtoblowthewhistle.TheGovernmentAccountabilityProject,aWashington-basedgroup,received27reproachesfrompotentialinformantsinthethreemonthsbeforeSeptember11th,and66inthethreemonthsafter.Manyofthesecomplaintswereaboutsecurityissues.TheyincludedaFederalAviationAdnunistrationemployeewhoclaimedthattheagencyhadrepeatedlyfailedtorespondtoknowncasesofsecurityviolationsatairports.Legislationtogivegreaterprotectiontopeoplewhoexposecorporateorgovernmentmisbehaviorexternally(afterhavingreceivednosatisfactioninternally)isbeingintroducedinanumberofcountries.InAmerica,itfocusesoninformantsamongfederalemployees.AccordingtoBillyGarde,alawyerwhowasamemberofBP'sAlaskainquiryteam,they"havelessrightsthanprisoners".AbillintroducedlastyearbySenatorDanielAkakatoimproveprotectionforthemiscurrentlystuckincongressionalcommittees.InBritain,thePublicInterestDisclosureActcamefullyintoforcelastyear.DescribedbyoneAmericanas"themostfar-reachinginformantprotectionintheworld",ittreatsinformantsaswitnessesactinginthepublicinterest.Thisseparatesthemfrompeoplewhoaremerelypursuingapersonalgrievance.ButeveninBritain,theprotectionislimited.RupertWalker,afundmanager,wasfiredbyGovettInvestmentsinSeptember2001forexpressingconcernsintheFinancialTimesaboutagroupofpeopleofinvestmenttruststhatinvestineachother.1、WhatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkaboutwhattheACCCdidtothewoman?A、Inconsistent.B、Disheartening.C、Unreasonable.D、Bureaucratic.标准答案：B知识点解析：首段列举发生在ACCC和那名妇女之间的例子是为了说明该段主题，即首句。开始的时候，那名妇女匿名举报，就是害怕暴露身份，但当时她仍然相信ACCC能按照她提供的证据采取相应的措施，可是ACCC却大登广告，这无异于暴露了这名妇女的身份特征，虽然ACCC可能因为要取得更多的证据才这样做，但它没有考虑到保护证人安全的重要性，这使那名妇女失去了对它的信任，不敢再与其合作，由此可见，选项B为本题答案。2、Bysaying"moreinclinedtoblowthewhistle"(Line2,Para.2),theauthormeansthatpeoplearemore______.A、eagertodisclosesecretsB、willingtoreportwrongdoingsC、alerttohiddendangerstothecountryD、readytocooperatewiththeadministration标准答案：B知识点解析：第2段首句是该段的主题句，通过对比9．11事件前后举报者的数字可以知道，该段的主题是为了说明美国人更乐意揭发不法行为，由此可推断，选项B为本题答案。3、ItcanbeinferredthattheFederalAviationAdministrationemployee______.A、hadrepeatedlycomplainedtohisemployerB、didnotgetanyresponsefromhisemployerC、wasconcernedaboutpublicsecurityD、becamebraveafterthe9.11disaster标准答案：C知识点解析：作者在第2段末句提到航空管理局的雇员，是为了举例说明该段倒数第2句，由此可推断，该雇员经历了9．11事件之后，出于对公众安全问题的关注，他把雇主的不当行为举报给政府职责促进会，由此可见，选项C为本题答案。4、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,informantsamongtheAmericanfederalemployees______.A、disclosemisbehaviorexternallywhentheyaredisappointedinternallyB、getmoreprotectionthanpeoplewhodisclosemisbehaviorexternallyC、havelessrightsthanprisonersD、getasmuchprotectionasbefore标准答案：D知识点解析：第3段末句表明虽然美国加强保护举报人的法案已经提出，但是未能在国会委员会通过，也就是说，对举报人的保护还是跟以前一样，因此选项D为正确的说法。5、Britain’sprotectiontoinformantsisnotperfectinthat______.A、thePublicInterestDisclosureActcamefullyintoforceonlylastyearB、ittreatsinformantsaswitnessesactinginthepublicinterestC、informantsarethreatenedwiththepossibilityoflosingtheirjobsD、informantsareconsideredasmerelypursuingapersonalcomplaint标准答案：C知识点解析：末段一开始说的都是英国举报人保护法的好处，第4句开头的but这一转折连词表明接下来的才是其缺点，由此可见，答案应在第4句及其后寻找，第5句提到举报人可能因为举报而遭解雇，选项C就表达了这个意思。Whilethe1970spoppsychotherapymovementfocusedontheimportanceoflettingangerout,morerecentresearchsuggeststhatthere'sasmarter,healthierwaytoreacttolife'sslingsandarrows;withforgiveness.Inarecentstudy,itwasfoundthatwhenindividualswereabouttoforgive,theyexperiencedgreaterjoy,amoreprofoundsenseofcontroloverlifeandlessdepression.Soundappealing.a)Whyholdingagrudge(怨恨)canbeharmful?Yourboyfriendblowsyouoffforanimportantdate.Ifyoustayangryathim,you'llprobablygetfreshflowersonyourdoorstepandmaybeafancymealortwo.Butgrudge-holdingonlygivesustheillusionofpower.Ifyouholdontothatangeronachronicbasis,thenithaspoweroveryou,eatingawayatyourpeaceofmindandperhapsevenyourimmunesystem.AstudybyKathleenLawler,Ph.D.,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofTennessee,confirmsthatpeoplewhoareunabletoforgivereportmorestressintheirlives,moreillnessandmorevisitstothedoctorthandoforgivingfolk.b)GoingfromagrudgetoforgivenessAfewwaystodevelopyourcapacitytoturntheothercheek—Trywritingadaily"forgiveness"reminderinyourjournal;itmaysoundcorny(过时的),butit'sagreatwaytohelpgaincontroloveryouremotionallife.—Writealettertoyouroffender,detailingexactlywhat'sbotheringyou.Thentossit.You'llfeelbetter,evenifyourmessageneverreachesitsintendedtarget.—What,exactly,makesyourbloodboil?Forgivenessisn'taboutswallowingangerorbeingadoormat(逆来顺受的人).It'snotaboutforgetting,either.Onthecontrary,it'saboutac