河北省石家庄市高一上学期期末考试英语试题

石家庄市2021~2022学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高一英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.HowwillthewomangetintouchwithAnn?A.Bytelephone.B.Byemail.C.Bymail.2.Howmanypeoplewereinjuredinthefire?A.12.B.25.C.37.3.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toseewhethersheisbusy.B.Tohelpherfinishherpaper.C.Toinvitehertoaconcert.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.BorrowsomebooksinFrench.B.ReadsomeFrenchstorybooks.C.Readfasttogetageneralidea.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Agarage.B.Anadvertisement.C.AWeChatgroup.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Neighbors.C.Colleagues.7.HowdidBernardprobablyetoday?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthepanyrequirethestafftodo?A.Controlthelunchtime.B.Handinreportsdaily.C.Workonweekends.9.Whatshouldthemandobeforehestartswork?A.Readthepany’srules.B.Takeamedicalexamination.C.Gothroughspecialtraining.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirl?A.Sheiseagertogobacktoschool.B.Shehasjustgothertimetable.C.ShedislikesMissCounter.11.Whatistheboy’sfirstclass?A.Geography.B.English.C.Math.12.Whatistheboy’sopinionaboutMr.Shaw?A.Heistoostrict.B.Heisfrightening.C.Heisgoodatteaching.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.America.B.Sweden.C.Egypt.14.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.TakingaSpanishlesson.B.Recordingaprogram.C.Givingaperformance.15.Whatisthelastquestionabout?A.Asport.B.Arestaurant.C.Adam.16.Howmanyprizesdoesthewomanwin?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisAlexanderManette?A.Anofficer.B.Awriter.C.Adoctor.18.WhendidAlexanderManettedisappear?A.In1757.B.In1775.C.In1789.19.HowdidpeopleknowwhathadhappenedtoAlexanderManette?A.Hetoldthemaboutit.B.Theyheardofitfromothers.C.Theyreadwhathe’dwrittendown.20.WhatissaidaboutAlexanderManette?A.Hewasputintotheprisoninthewinter.B.HedestroyedtheBastillewithotherpeople.C.Hecouldn’trememberanythingafterhewassetfree.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFOURBESTBOOKSHOPSINLONDONLookingforsomethingtoreadwhileinLondon?Ifso,you’reinluck:theBritishcapitalhappenstohaveanincrediblecollectionofbookshops.DauntBooksAreyougoingonatripandwanttoreadanovelornonfictionbooksetintheplaceyou’reheaded?Thisbookshoparrangesbooksbycountry,soit’seasytofindanythingbyplace.(83MaryleboneHighStreet.MondaySaturday:09:0019:30;Sunday:11:0018:00.)FoylesBooksDig,ifyouwill,thepicture:fourmilesofshelvesholdingupto200,000books.Thislegendary(传奇的)bookshopisimpossibletoleaveemptyhanded.ItwasoncelistedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsasthebiggestbookshopontheplanet.(107CharingCrossRoad.MondaySaturday:9:0021:00;Sunday:11:3018:00.)HatchardsIntheyear1797,thisLondonbookshop—theoldestinthecitytoday—firstflickedonitslights.Itstocksanexcellentselectionoffiction,nonfiction,historyandothergenres.(187PiccadillyStreet.MondaySaturday:09:3020:00;Sunday:12:0018:30.)LondonReviewBookshopThere’sanexcellentselectionofhistory,philosophy,politics,newfictionandmanyothergenreshere.Plus,there’sanicecafeinwhichyoucancrackopenthattome(巨著)forthefirsttimeandstartreading.(14BuryPlace.MondaySaturday10:0018:30;Sunday12:0018:00.)1.WhichbookstorewaslistedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords?A.DauntBooks. B.FoylesBooks.C.Hatchards. D.LondonReviewBookshop.2.WhatisspecialaboutHatchards?A.Ithasalonghistory. B.Ithas200,000books.C.Ithasacafe. D.Ithasbothfictionandnonfictionbooks.3.Whichplaceshouldyougotoifyouwanttoenjoyreadingwithacoffee?A83MaryleboneHighStreet. B.107CharingCrossRoad.C.187PiccadillyStreet. D.14BuryPlace.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦最好的四个书店。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中ItwasoncelistedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords.可知，FoylesBooks被列入GuinnessBookofWorldRecords之中。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中Intheyear1797,thisLondonbookshop—theoldestinthecitytoday—firstflickedonitslights.可知，Hatchards，这座城市最古老的的书店，1979年第一次营业。所以Hachards的特别之处是它历史悠久。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段there’sanicecafeinwhichyoucancrackopenthattome(巨著)forthefirsttimeandstartreading(14BuryPlace.MondaySaturday10:0018:30;Sunday12:0018:00.)可知，在14BuryPlace。你可以边喝咖啡边看书。故选D。【点睛】在做有小标题的阅读时，可以用“找读”的办法，省时而且准确。比如第一小题根据题干中的theGuinnessBookofWorldRecords可以找到答案区域在第三自然段，而后可以找到正确选项B。BInthePacificNorthwestduringwinter,5:15a.m.mightbethedeadofnight.Thealarmgoesoffandtheonlylightistheredglowfrommyclock.Mybodysays,“Gobacktobed.”ButIdon’t.IknowmyrunningpartnerwillbewaitinginthestreetandI’mnotgoingtostandherup.ThenIwalkontotheroad,plainingaboutthecoldandwishingIwerebackundermywarmcovers.Ifyou’dhaveaskedmeayearagoifIcouldseemyselfrunningat5:15onawintermorning,I’dhavelaughed.Morningjustwasn’tmythingandrunninginthemorningwassomethingIdidn’tevenconsider.“Iprefertoworkoutinthemiddleofthemorningorintheafternoon,”I’dsaytomyfriendswhogotothegymbeforework.ThenlastfallIreconnectedwithanoldfriend.She’dbeenrunninginthemorningandtakenofffortypounds.WhenIlookedinthemirror,IknewIcouldbenefitfromthesamekindofweightloss.IaskedifIcouldjoinher.IknewIneededtochangesomethingifIwasgoingtogetbackinshape.Thefirsttwomonthswereespeciallyhard,becausewerantwiceaweekat5:15a.m.andIslepttill7:00theothermornings.ButasI’veadjustedtotheroutineofrunning,I’vediscoveredgreatjoysthatmakeitevenmoreworthwhilethanalittleweightloss.WhileIhaven’tlostfortypoundsyet,it’samazinghowmuchmoreenergyIhaveandhowmuchstrongerIfeel.Becauseofthemorningrun,therestofmydayismoreproductive.Iwouldn’tsayI’vebeeamorningperson,butIwouldsaymorningrunningisnowmything.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.5:15a.m.isthebesttimeforhertoexercise.B.Shepreferstorunalonewithoutanypany.C.Shegoesforarundespitethecoldandearlyrise.D.Shealwaystakestherunwithmanywarmclotheson.5.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetomorningrunningayearago?A.Unfavorable. B.Scared. C.Confused. D.Supportive.6.Whatmadetheauthorbegintoruninthemorning?A.Herpartner’sencouragement. B.Herfriend’ssuggestion.C.Realizingtheharmofbeingfat. D.Realizingthebenefitsofrunning.7.Whateffectdoesmorningrunninghaveontheauthor?A.Shehasbeeslimagain. B.Shehasbeemoreenergetic.C.Shehasbeemoreconfident. D.Shehasbeemoreimaginative.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是如何从一年前不支持晨跑到后来想要借助晨跑恢复身材，到最后爱上晨跑这一运动的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“InthePacificNorthwestduringwinter,5:15ammightaswellbethedeadofnight.(在太平洋西北地区的冬天，早上5点15分可能是深夜)”以及“IknowmyrunningpartnerwillbewaitinginthestreetandI’mnotgoingtostandherup.ThenIwalkontotheroad,plainingaboutthecoldandwishingIwerebackundermywarmcovers.(我知道我的跑步搭档会在街上等我，我不会放她鸽子的。然后我走到路上，抱怨着天气太冷了，希望能回到温暖的被窝里)”可知，作者不顾寒冷，早起去跑步。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ifyou’dhaveaskedmeayearagoifIcouldseemyselfrunningat5:15onawintermorning,I’dhavelaughed.Morningjustwasn’tmythingandrunninginthemorningwassomethingIdidn’tevenconsider.“Iprefertoworkoutinthemiddleofthemorningorintheafternoon,”I’dsaytomyfriendswhogotothegymbeforework.(如果你一年前问我，我能不能想象自己在一个冬天的早晨5：15跑步的样子，我会笑的。早上不是我所喜欢的，我甚至没有考虑过早上跑步。“我更喜欢在上午或下午锻炼，”我会对上班前去健身房的朋友们说)”可推知，作者一年前对晨跑的态度是不支持。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Then,lastfallIreconnectedwithanoldneighborhoodfriend.She’dbeenrunninginthemorningandtakenofffortypoundsthatyear.WhenIlookedinthemirror,IknewIcouldbenefitfromthesamekindofweightloss.IaskedifIcouldjoinher.IknewIneededtochangesomethingifIwasgoingtogetbackinshape.(去年秋天，我与一位老街坊朋友重新取得了联系。她早上跑步，那年瘦了40磅。当我照镜子时，我知道我可以从同样的减肥中获益。我问能不能和她一起去。我知道，如果我想恢复身材，我需要改变一些事情)”可知，认识到跑步的好处让作者开始在早上跑步。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“WhileIhaven’tlostfortypoundsyet,it’samazinghowmuchmoreenergyIhaveandhowmuchstrongerIfeel.(虽然我还没有减掉40磅，但令人惊讶的是我有了更多的能量，我感觉自己更有劲了)”可知，晨跑让作者变得更有活力。故选B。CLocalofficialsinBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity’sculturalheritage,inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongs.HutongsaremonlyfoundinthecitiesofNorthChina,buttheyareatrisk.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheImperialPalaces.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,250.IntheolddistrictsofDongchengandXicheng,whichcover62squarekilometers,somepeoplewillbeaskedtomovefromhutonghousestoavoidfurtherdamagetotheancientarchitecture.“Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheImperialPalacesduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitorsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics,”saidthedirectoroftheBeijingMunicipalmissionofUrbanPlanning,addingthathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.Thegovernmentfocusedonhowtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritagesworked.WangShaofeng,headoftheXichengdistrictgovernment,saidtheareahas182culturalrelics,manyofwhichwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty(1271—1368).ThedistrictofXichenghas1.28millionresidents(居民)inits57squarekilometersofland.“Themostefficientwayistocutdownthelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage,”Wangsaid.“Eachmunityhasbeenrequiredtoreportthestatusofitsculturalheritage,especiallyhutongs,andanyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished,”Wangsaid.Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongswillbeleftintheing100years.8.HowmanyhutongshavedisappearedinthepastsixtyyearsinBeijing?A.Fewerthan1,000. B.About2,000.C.Morethan3,000. D.Over4,000.9.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatisthemaincauseofthedamagetoculturalrelics?A.Visitors’activity. B.Residents’attitude.C.munities’behaviour. D.Thegovernment’spolicy.10.Whichofthefollowingisausefulwaytoprotecthutongs?A.Topunishanyonedamagingthem. B.Toattractmorevisitorstoe.C.Toincreasethelocalpopulation. D.Tostopanyonefromenteringthem.11.Whatwillhappentohutongsinthenearfuture?A.Noonewillrememberthem. B.Thenumberwillbegrowing.C.Onlytimewilltell. D.Hutongswilldisappearpletely.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京胡同的现状和保护措施。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheImperialPalaces.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,250.(据信，北京目前只有不到1000条胡同，其中大部分在故宫附近。而在60年前，这个数字是3250)”可知，过去60年间，北京的胡同减少了约2000条。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheImperialPalacesduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitorsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics,”saidthedirectoroftheBeijingMunicipalmissionofUrbanPlanning,addingthathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.(“在国庆假期期间，平均有超过10万人参观故宫。游客给文物保护带来了压力，”北京市城市规划委员会主任说，并补充说，胡同应该受到保护，不受人为破坏)”可知，游客活动对文物造成了破坏。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段““Eachmunityhasbeenrequiredtoreportthestatusofitsculturalheritage,especiallyhutongs,andanyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished,”Wangsaid.(王说，“每个社区都被要求报告其文化遗产的状况，特别是胡同，任何破坏遗产的行为都将受到惩罚。”)”可知，惩罚破坏遗产的行为是一种可行的办法。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongswillbeleftintheing100years.(没有人确切知道在未来的100年里还会有多少胡同)”可知，对于100年后胡同的情况，谁也不清楚，只有让时间来告诉我们。故选C。DScientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless.Themainreasonisthatlevelsofhumanactivityarerisinginandaroundthenaturereserves.Infact,recognizingspacesasprotectedareasisnotreducinghumanactivitythere.Theresearchersfoundthatalackofmoneytopayforlandconservation(保护)isaffectingconservationefforts.Anditisalackofmunicationbetweenpeoplewholiveinprotectednaturalareasandoutsiders.About17percentoftheworldiswithinprotectedareas,includingthenationalparks,naturereservesandwildernessareas.Protectedareasareimportantforsupportingenvironmentswithmanydifferentkindsofplantsandanimals.Theresearchersagainfoundincreasinghumanactivityinmostprotectedareasineverycountry.However,theysaidthathumanactivityappearedtobemoreofaprobleminnationswithfewerroadsandlowerlifestandardsontheHumanDevelopmentIndex(指数).Theindexusesinformationaboutlifelength,educationandearningstogradecountriesonhumandevelopment.AcrossthenorthernAustralia,protectedareasoftenprovedeffectiveatslowinghumanactivitywhenparedwithunprotectedareas.ButinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandAfricancountries,pressurefromhumanactivityinsideprotectedareaswashigher.Expertssaygovernmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas.Simplyrecognizingaplaceasaprotectedareacan’tbethebeginningandtheendofaconservationeffort.Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant.Ifthey’renotpartnersintheprotectedareas,thenwildlifeconservationismuchmoredifficult.12.Whatareprotectedareasmainlyaffectedbyaccordingtothetext?A.Humanactivity. B.Climatechange.C.Populationgrowth. D.Environmentalpollution.13.What’stheHumanDevelopmentIndexusedtodo?A.Recordmoreroadsintheworld.B.Improveeducationinallcountries.C.Gradecountriesonhumandevelopment.D.Leadmorepeopletomakemoney.14.Whatdoexpertsadvisegovernmentstodoforprotectedareas?A.Enlargeprotectedareas.B.Offerextramoneyandworkwithlocals.C.Attractmorepeopletotravelthere.D.Allowlocalpeopletofarmthere.15Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PeopleMayCauseHarmtoPlantsandAnimalsB.LocalPeopleShouldFocusontheNaturalEnvironmentC.NatureReservesintheWorldShouldBeIncreasedD.NatureReservesMayNotProtectWildlifeSafely【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。作者提出了“只扩大世界自然保护区以帮助保护植物和动物可能毫无用处”的观点，政府还应该有足够的资金支持，需要当地人的共同参与，才能真正使保护区发挥作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Themainreasonisthatlevelsofhumanactivityarerisinginandaroundthenaturereserves.Infact,recognizingspacesasprotectedareasisnotreducinghumanactivitythere(主要原因是自然保护区内和周围的人类活动水平正在上升。

事实上，划定某个地方是保护区并不能减少那里的人类活动)”可知，保护区最主要的是受到人类活动的影响。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第3段中“Theindexusesinformationaboutlifelength,educationandearningstogradecountriesonhumandevelopment”可知，theHumanDevelopmentIndex是用来根据有关人的寿命、教育和收入的信息对各国人类发展水平进行分级的。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Expertssaygovernmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas”和“Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant”可知，专家建议政府要提供资金支持，要与当地人民一起努力才能保护野生动物。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第1段提出观点：Scientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless（科学家们认为只通过扩大世界自然保护区以帮助保护植物和动物可能毫无用处），接着文章给出了相关的论据：人类活动在自然保护区中增加，保护资金缺乏；还举了thenorthernAustralia，SouthAmerica,SoutheastAsia和Africancountries这些具体国家和地区的实例来论证上面的观点，所以这篇文章的开头就是文章的主旨。文章标题应该为“自然保护区不能安全地保护野生动物”。故选D项。【点睛】阅读理解文章标题类的解题技巧——寻找主题句

要归纳文章的标题，关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段中。如果每段都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的大意。

如本篇文章的主题句就是文章第一句Scientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless；然后每一段提出支撑的论据：第二段论据是是alackofmoneytopayforlandconservationisaffectingconservationefforts，第三、四段的论据是Theresearchersagainfoundincreasinghumanactivityinmostprotectedareas，第五段是专家的建议governmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas和Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant。从每一段的论据可以看出，文章标题应该为“只有自然保护区不能安全地保护野生动物”。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoHaveaSuccessfulTeenageLifeEveryonedreamsofsuccessintheirlife,don’tthey?Evenasateenager,youcanachievesuccessinyourlife;itreallyisn’tthathard.___16___•Dowellinschool.Nomatterhowboringitisnow,educationwillhelpyoubeaproductivememberinsociety.Tryyourbestforexcellenceinschool;listentotheteachers,doyourhomework,study,andgetgoodgrades.Doingsowillhelpyougetintoabetteruniversity,whichwillenableyoutohaveabrightfuture.___17___•Dogoodinyourmunity(社区).Volunteeringcannotonlyimproveyourmunity'sstatus,butitcouldmakeyouhappier.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhovolunteerarelesslikelytodevelopdepression(抑郁)thanpeoplewhodon’t.____18____Forexample,ifyouloveanimals,volunteeratananimalshelter.Ifyoulovehelpingtheenvironment,planttreesorpickuplitter.Whenyouhelpothers,itwillmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.•___19___Remember,they’retheretohelpyoubethebestthatyoucanbe.Respectthemandvaluetheiropinions,eveniftheyannoyyousometimes.____20____Youdon'tgettochooseyourteachersoryourfamily,butyoustillhavetoputupwiththem.Learnhowtodealwithpeoplenow,becausewhenyou’reanadult,youdon’tgettochooseyourbossoryourcoworkers,solearnhowtorespectthemnow.Thesepointscanhelpyouenjoysuccessinyourteenagelife.ALivelifetothefullest.B.Schoolsetsyouupontherighttrack!C.Benicetoyourparentsandteachers.D.Findchancestodovolunteerworkthatinterestsyou.E.Itwillhelpyoupasstimeanddevelopyourpersonality.F.Herearesomeimportantpointsthatyoumayfindhelpful.G.Keepitinmindthattheydothethingstheydobecausetheycareaboutyou.【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.C20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述如何有一个成功的青少年生活的方法。【16题详解】根据空格前面：甚至作为一个青少年你也能获得成功，它真的不是那么难。可知下面要介绍方法。F项Herearesomeimportantpointsthatyoumayfindhelpful.（这里有一些重要的建议，你可能会发现它们是有帮助的。）符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据空格前文：在学校里尽你最大的努力，听老师的话，做作业，得高分数。这样你会进入到一所更好的大学，你将有一个美好的未来。故B项“学校让你在正确的轨道上！”是对上文的总结，故选B。【18题详解】根据上句：研究表明不做志愿者的人比那些做的人更容易患抑郁症。空格下句在举例说明：如果你喜欢动物，就在动物收容所做志愿者。可知空格处的意思是：寻找机会做你感兴趣的志愿者工作。故选D。【19题详解】根据下句：尊重他们，珍惜他们的建议，即使有时候他们使你很烦。故上句意思是：要对你的老师和父母好。故选C。【20题详解】根据上句：尊重他们，珍惜他们的建议，即使有时候他们使你很烦。可知他们所做的一切是为你好，因为他们在意你。故选G。【点睛】根据上下文的联系，抓关键词是做七选五的命脉。【小题3】D根据上句：研究表明不做志愿者的人比那些做的人更容易患抑郁症。空格下句在举例说明：如果你喜欢动物，就在动物收容所做志愿者。可知空格处的意思是：寻找机会做你感兴趣的志愿者工作。故选D。此处的关键词是volunteer。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastnightmyhusbandandIwerewalkingwhenwesawamanbentoverontheground,crushing(碾碎)somethingwitharock.Hewassofocusedonhis____21____thathedidn’tlookupatanyonepassingby.Wekeptnoticinghimand____22____whathecouldbedoing.Ithoughthewascrushingstonestomakesand,butwhywouldhedothat?____23____,wedecidedtogoupandaskhim.Hewascrushingpiecesofleftoverbreadthathehad____24____topreparefoodforthebirdsthatethereearlymorning.Thelargepiecesofbreadwouldbe____25____forthebirdstoeatsohecrushedthemintopowder.Every____26____,afteringhomefromhisjobasatailor,hegoesaroundthevilla(乡间别墅),collectingleftoverbreadfromallhishousemates.Hetheneatsaquickmealandeshere,andspendsthenext1—2hours____27____crushingeachpieceandmakesaneatpileforthebirds.Hehasbeendoingthisforthelast3—4years.What____28____usmorewasthathewas____29____thatwewereeventakinganinterestinthis,sinceforhimitwasn’tabig_____30_____.Whenweaskedhimwhatencouragedhimtodothisactof_____31_____hesaid,“It’sjustsomething_____32_____Ido,sothattheleftoverbreaddoesn’tgointotherubbishandthebirdsgetfood.”We_____33_____hisstorywiththehopethatitwould_____34_____ustobeawareofleftoverstooandthatitmight_____35_____someonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea.21.A.idea B.task C.hand D.food22.A.discovered B.learned C.realized D.wondered23.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Immediately D.Instead24.A.bought B.saved C.made D.collected25.A.necessary B.difficult C.wele D.possible26.A.morning B.noon C.night D.afternoon27.A.carefully B.strictly C.nervously D.proudly28.A.pleased B.satisfied C.moved D.puzzled29.A.disappointed B.sorry C.afraid D.surprised30.A.deal B.present C.dream D.decision31.A.bravery B.honesty C.suggestion D.service32.A.curious B.great C.small D.boring33.A.shared B.created C.believed D.heard34.A.invite B.remind C.warn D.require35.A.force B.persuade C.inspire D.train【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者和丈夫外出散步时，发现一个男人正把收集来的剩下的面包碾碎，喂给鸟儿，作者他们非常受感动，于是决定分享他的故事，希望提醒他人剩菜剩饭问题以及鼓励其他人也做类似的好事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他全神贯注于自己的任务，没有抬头看任何路过的人。A.idea想法；B.task任务；C.hand手；D.food食物。根据上文“crushingsomethingwitharock”以及下文“crushingpiecesofleftoverbread”可推知，此处指男人专注于将面包用石头碾碎成粉这一任务。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一直注意着他，想知道他在干什么。A.discovered发现；B.learnt学习；C.realized意识到；D.wondered想知道。根据下文“whathecouldbedoing”可推知，作者和丈夫注视着这个男人是因为想知道他在干什么。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后我们决定上去问问他。A.Finally终于；B.Suddenly突然；C.Immediately立即；D.Instead相反。根据后文“wedecidedtogoupandaskhim”可推知，之前作者他们只是好奇观看，最后决定上去问问这个人到底在干嘛。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在把捡来的面包碎片碾碎，准备给清晨飞来的鸟儿做食物。A.bought购买；B.saved拯救；C.made制作；D.collected收集。结合上文“piecesofleftoverbreadthathehad”以及下文“collectingleftoverbread”可推知，这个男人碾碎的是他收集来的剩下的面包。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大块的面包对鸟儿来说吃起来很困难，所以他把它们碾成粉末。A.necessary必要的；B.difficult困难的；C.wele受欢迎的；D.possible可能的。根据后文“sohecrushedthemintopowder”可知这人把面包碾碎是因为大块的面包鸟儿吃起来困难。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天下午，当他做完裁缝的工作回到家后，他都会在乡间别墅周围转转，从所有的室友那里收集剩下的面包。A.morning早上；B.noon中午；C.night夜晚；D.afternoon下午。结合下文“afteringhomefromhisjob”可推知，这个男人在是下午下班回家的时候去收集面包。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他很快吃完饭，来到这里，花1到2个小时仔细地把每一块都碾碎给鸟吃。A.carefully仔细地；B.strictly严格地；C.nervously紧张地；D.proudly自豪地。根据上文“spendsthenext1—2hours”以及下文“crushingeachpieceforthebirds”可推知，此处指这个男人仔细地把每一块面包碾碎给鸟吃。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A.pleased满意；B.satisfied满足；C.moved感动；D.puzzled使困惑。根据上文“Hehasbeendoingthisforthelast3—4years.”以及下文“sinceforhimitwasn’tabig”可推知，这个男人用剩下的面包碾碎喂鸟的行为感动了作者和丈夫。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A.disappointed失望的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.afraid害怕的；D.surprised惊讶的。结合后文“wewereeventakinganinterestinthis,sinceforhimitwasn’tabig”可推知，此处指男人觉得喂鸟没什么大不了的，但作者夫妇却对此感兴趣，男人因此觉得惊讶。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A.deal大量、待遇；B.present礼物；C.dream梦想；D.decision决定。结合上文“sinceforhimitwasn’tabig”以及下文“It’sjustsomethingsmallIdo”可推知，此处指男人觉得给鸟儿碾碎面包喂食只是一件小事，没什么大不了的。“notabigdeal”意为“没什么大不了”。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们问他是什么鼓励他做这项服务时，他说：“我做的只是一件小事，为了让鸟儿得到食物。”A.bravery勇敢；B.honesty诚实；C.suggestion建议；D.service服务。结合上文“carefullycrushingeachpieceforthebirds”可知，男人收集剩下的面包碾碎了喂鸟，从而推知，这是一种为鸟儿服务的行为。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们问他是什么鼓励他做这个服务的行为时，他说：“这只是一件小事，我这样做了，这样剩下的面包就不会扔进垃圾堆，鸟儿也会得到食物。”A.curious好奇的；B.great伟大的；C.small小的；D.boring无聊的。结合上文男人认为这没什么大不了，可知他认为这只是一件小事。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并激励一些人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A.shared分享；B.created创造；C.believed相信；D.heard听见。根据后文“hisstorywiththehope”可知作者他们分享了这个男人的故事。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并鼓舞其他人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A.invite邀请；B.remind提醒；C.warn警告；D.require要求。根据下文“ustobeawareofleftoverstoo”可推知，作者夫妇分享男人的故事是希望能提醒我们注意剩菜剩饭问题。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并鼓舞其他人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A.force迫使；B.persuade说服；C.inspire鼓舞；D.train训练。根据下文“someonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea”可推知，作者夫妇分享了男人的故事，也是希望可以鼓舞其他人做类似的事情。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Somepolyglots,whocanspeakquiteafewlanguages,mayseem____36____(especial)talented.AmericanteenagerTimDonerislivingproofthatanyonecantrytobeone.Asachild,TimstudiedFrenchandLatinatschool,buthefounditdifficult____37____(be)interestedinjustwordsandgrammarrules.Whenhewas13,TimstartedlisteningtoHebrewrapmusic.Oneday,helookedupthewordsinadictionaryandrealisedhecouldput____38____(they)togethertomakesentences!Hestartedlookingforpeople____39____spokeHebrewsohecouldpractise,andthen,hedecidedtosignup____40____asummerArabicclass.Oneevening,justforfun,heposted____41____videoofhimselfspeakingArabicandanotherofhimselfspeakingHebrew.HebrewandArabicspeakerswrotenicementsonhis____42____(video)andgavehimadvice.Timlovedit.Hecouldactuallymunicatewithpeople!Tim____43____(wish)everyonewouldlearnmorethanonelanguageandnotjustasaschoolsubject.“Knowingalanguageisalotmorethanknowingacoupleofwordsoutofadictionary,”Timsays.“Languagesarefor____44____(municate)withpeople,learningabouttheirculture,andunderstandinghowdifferentpeoplethink.Openupyourmindtothefactthatlanguagerepresentsa____45____(culture)worldview.”【答案】36.especially37.tobe38.them39.who##that40.for41.a42.videos43.wishes44.municating45.cultural【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国青少年Tim学习多种语言的经历。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：一些通晓多种语言的人，可能看起来很有天赋。此处副词修饰形容词，故填especially。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小时候，Tim在学校学过法语和拉丁语，但他发现只对单词和语法规则感兴趣是很困难的。findit+形容词+todo是固定句型，表示“发现做……是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是todo，故填tobe。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：有一天，他在字典里查单词，意识到他可以把这些单词放在一起造句子!动词后应用宾格的代词，故填them。【39题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他开始寻找能和他一起练习说希伯来语的人，然后，他决定报名参加一个为初学者设计的夏季阿拉伯语课程。分析句子结构可知，“spokeHebrewsohecouldpractise”是限定性定语从句，先行词是people(人)，在定语从句中做主语，指人用关系代词who或that，故填who/that。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：他开始寻找能和他一起练习说希伯来语的人，然后，他决定报名参加一个为初学者设计的夏季阿拉伯语课程。signupfor“报名参加”，故填for。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：一天晚上，只是为了好玩，他上传了一段自己说阿拉伯语的视频，同时也上传了另一个说希伯来语的视频。单数可数名词前用不定冠词，且video音标以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a限定，故填a。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人在他的视频上写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。此处形容词物主代词后应用名词，根据上文“videoofhimselfspeakingArabicandanotherofhimselfspeakingHebrew”可知，上传了两个视频，此处video应用复数形式，故填videos。【43题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：Tim希望每个人都能找到适合自己的方式学习语言，而不是把它们当作学校的科目。根据语境和下文“Timsays.”可知应用一般现在时态