专题20 一般将来时

小升初语法第20讲：一般将来时【知识讲解】一般将来时用法表示过去某一时间发生的动作或状态及过去习惯性、反复性的动作,通常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Iwenttothezooyesterday.我昨天去了公园。定义表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。例：ShewillvisitShanghaitomorrow.她明天将访问上海。时间状语tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,in2023,in+一段时间,一段时间+later等。基本结构①主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他在表示“打算到某地去时”由于谓语动词go与going重复，一般可以只说begoingto+地点。例：SheisgoingtoShanghaitomorrow.她明天要去上海。这种结构常用来表达自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事。注意：be动词要与主语的人称和数一致例：Iamgoingtodosomereadingtomorrow.我明天要去读书了。Heisgoingtohaveapianolessonnextweek.他下周要上一节钢琴课。WearegoingtohaveapartythisFriday.这个星期五我们要开个派对。②主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他(will可用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人称I和we)这种结构不是表示自己的打算、意图或计划，而是表示未来的事实或对将来的预测等例：Noonewilldoheavywork.没有人会做繁重的工作。Robertswilldoeverythingforus.罗伯茨会为我们做一切事情的。两种结构的区别1.只用will不用begoingto的情况:①表示对未来时间与年龄的推测时。例：TomorrowwillbeMonday.明天是星期一。Shewillbethirteennextyear.她明年就十三岁了。②表示必然发生时。例：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.如果没有水，鱼就会死。Peoplewilldieifallgreenplantsdie.如果所有的绿色植物都死亡，人们就会死亡。2.只用begoingto而不用will的情况：如果表示已有迹象表明在不久的将来要发生的事情时。例：Lookatthoseblackclouds,It’sgoingtorain.看看那些乌云，天要下雨了。现在进行时表将来某些动词如：go/come/leave/start/begin/arrive等，它们的现在进行时可以表示将来时。例：TheyareleavingforShanghaitomorrow.他们明天要去上海了。Mybrotheriscomingheresoon.我哥哥很快就要来这里了。句型转换(1)变否定句：①在be动词（am,is,are）后加notI’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.我今天下午要去野餐了。→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.我今天下午不去野餐了。②情态动词shall/will后加not成won’tIwillgotoLondonnextmonth.我下个月要去伦敦。→Iwillnot(won’t)gotoLondonnextmonth.→下个月我不会去伦敦。(2)变一般疑问句：①be提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。

Wearegoingtogoshoppingthisweekend.→下个月我不会（不会）去伦敦。→Areyougoingtogoshoppingthisweekend?→这个周末你要去购物吗？②shall/will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。I

willhavesomelessonstomorrowmorning.明天早上我要上一些课。→Willyouhaveanylessonstomorrowmorning?明天早上你有课吗？(3)变特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）：①问人用who.I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.我很快就要去纽约了。→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon?→谁会很快去纽约呢？②问干什么用what.Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.我父亲今天下午要和我一起去看一场比赛。→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.→你爸爸今天下午要和你做什么。③问什么时候用when.She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.她打算九点钟上床睡觉。→Whenisshegoingtobed?→她什么时候去睡觉？【考题精练】改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）Igojointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingto

listentomusic

afterschool.（对划线部分提问）sheafterschool?Myfatherandmother

aregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(对划线提问)goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.按要求填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面？Whattime_______you___________________meet?用所给词的适当形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.--Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?--Iusually_______(watch)TVand________(catch)insects?--It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.--What(do)youdolastSunday?--I(pick)applesonafarm.--What(do)nextSunday?--I(milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.I(plan)formystudynow.连词成句并按要求改变句式(注意动词的正确形式)children,at,study,home,will,on,computer,inthefuture肯定陈述句：

一般疑问句：

back,they,month,later,a,get,will肯定陈述句：

否定陈述句：

一般疑问句：

特殊疑问句（问时间）：

he,is,going,a,to,patty,evening,this肯定陈述句：

否定陈述句：

一般疑问句：

特殊疑问句（问人）：

【真题检测】一、用正确的形式填空。1.I__________________(go)tothebookstoretomorrow.2.He__________________(climb)amountainthisweekend.3.She__________________(go)ice-skatingnextSunday.4.We___________________(plant)treesnextweek.5.They_________________(swim)tomorrowafternoon.6.Iwill_______(go)fishing.7.Willhe_______(do)thedishes?8.Areyou______________(read)bookstomorrow?二、选择题。(

)1.________areyougoingthisafternoon?A.WhatB.WhereC.When(

)2.--_________areyougoing?--NextSunday.A.WhatB.WhereC.When(

)3.--________areyougoingtodothismorning?A.WhatB.WhereC.When(

)4.--________areyougoing?--Thehospital.A.WhatB.WhereC.When(

)5.--Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?--I______playping-pong.A.willbeB.isgoingtoC.amgoingto(

)6.--What______shegoingtodo?--She_____goingtoteachEnglish.A.is,isB.are,isC.is,are(

)7.--He_____gotothepostofficetomorrow.A.willB.isgoingC.goes(

)8.--_______theygoingtodothemorningexercises?--Yes.A.DoB.AreC.Did(

)9.Itwillbe______.A.rainB.rainyC.rains(

)10.--_____shegoingtowashtheclothes?--No.A.IsB.DoesC.Do(

)11.Itisgoingto________.A.snowB.snowyC.snowing(

)12.Itwill_______.A.rainB.rainyC.rains三、按要求改变句型。1.I’mgoingtowriteane-mail.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)_________________________________________________________________2.Sheisgoingtodrinkwater.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)_________________________________________________________________3.Hewillplaychess.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)_________________________________________________________________4.Wearegoingtothesciencemuseum.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________5.Theyaregoingtothelibraryat4o’clock.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________6.Itisgoingtorain.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________________________________

【考题精练】参考答案一、改句子。1.isn’t2.won’t,or3.Areyougoing4.Willyou5.Whatis,goingtodo6.Whoare二、按要求填空7.amgoingto,will.8.areyougoingtodo,amgoingto,will,will.9.Is,goingto,weekend,is,isgoingto.10.are,goingto.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11.aregoingtohave12.isgoing13.goes,will14.watch,catch15.will,do,willwatch,catch16.did,picked,willyoudo,willmilk17.isgoingtovisit18.flew19.isgoingtogive20.amplanning四、连词成句并按要求改变句式(注意动词的正确