Unit8核心知识讲练-八年级下册英语单元核心知识讲练（牛津译林版）

八年级下册英语单元核心知识讲练Unit8Agreenworld核心知识讲练【讲练01】【原文】Moreandmorefamiliesowncarsandthiscausesseriousairpollution.越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，这造成了严重的空气污染。【考点①】cause动词：导致、造成cause名词：原因，thecauseof……的原因；thereasonfor……的理由eg:Carelessnessisthecauseofthefire./Carelessnesscausesthefire.Isthereanyreasonforyourbeinglateagain?【考点②】污染pollute动词；被污染的polluted形容词；污染pollution名词【练习A】 1PeopleinChinawereinahard________before1949.Theydidn’thaveenoughfoodtoeat.A．munication B．pollution C．instruction D．situation2Therearefewerandfewerfishintheriverbecauseof________.A．action B．situation C．direction D．pollution3Thesea_________ifpeoplekeepthrowingwastesintoit.A．ispolluted B．waspolluted C．hasbeenpolluted D．willbepolluted4Ifyouwanttoworkouttheproblemofstress,youneedtofindoutthe________first.A．method B．cause C．thought D．suggestion5—Accordingtoarecentsurvey,manystudentshavepooreyesight.—Inmyopinion,readingonmobilephonestoooftenisthe________ofhavingpooreyesight.A．cost B．result C．cause D．example【练习B】6Newtechnology_______tomakesurethatthecars,taxis,busesandtrainsweuse_______theair.A．isused;nottopollute B．hasused;isnotpollutedC．isused;donotpollute D．hasbeenused;topollute7—Ihearlocalpeoplearetryingtopreventsomebusinessesbuildingfactorieshere.—Yes.Theysaytheplace________ifsomefactories________inthefuture.A．willpollute;willbuild B．willbepolluted;willbebuiltC．ispolluted;arebuilt D．willbepolluted;arebuilt8—Thetemperaturestayshighforsomanydays,itmakesusfeelsick.—Thelack(缺少)ofecofriendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajor________ofglobalclimate(全球气候)change.A．result B．cause C．spirit D．situation答案：1D2D3D4B5C6C7D8B【讲练02】【原文】It’swiseforpeopletochoosepublictransportorridebicycles.人们选择公共交通工具或骑自行车是明智的。【考点①】It’sadjforsbtodosth对某人来说做某事是……的。It’sadjofsbtodosth某人是……的，做了某事。【具体内容参照《Unit6语法精讲》课件】【考点②】choose选择，动词；可数名词choicechoose(sb)todo选择（某人）做某事；choosesbas…选择某人作为…bechosentobe/bechosenas被选为…havenochoicebuttodosth别无选择只能做某事eg:Theteacherwillchooseonestudentastheteamleader.Tomwaschosentobeourmonitor.Wehadnochoicebuttochangeourplan.【练习A】 1InChinaandsomeothercountries,itisimpolite________loudlywhileyouarehavingameal.A．tospeak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke2It’sreallybrave________ChaiJingtotellsomuchtruthtothepublic.A．for B．of C．to D．in3—Tellmeonethingyou’reproudofinyourjuniorhighschool,Tom.—I________ascaptainoftheschoolfootballteam.A．choose B．chose C．amchosen D．waschosen4ItwasreallygenerousofMark,CEOofFacebook,(donate)mostofhismoneytocharity.5Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofpeople’sfirsttwo(choose).Peoplelikeitbecauseitisgoodfortheirhealth.6Emilyhadno(choose)buttowaitforhermothertoopenthedoor.7Chinahas(choose)itsownsystemdifferentfromtheWesternmodel,whichisprovedtobemoresuitable.8他别无选择，只能把工人分成两组，布置不同层级的任务。Hetheworkersintotwogroupsandgivethemtasksatdifferentlevels.答案：1A2B3D4todonate5choices6choice7chosen8hadnochoicebuttodivide【讲练03】【原文】InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品被分成不同的组，然后回收。【考点】separate…into…把……分成……（把多个个体分开）；被动beseparatedinto…某物被分成……separate…from…将……和……分开divided…into…把……分成……（把整体分成若干部分）；被动bedividedinto…某物被分成……eg:Thetwinswereseparatedbythewar.Theydidn’twanttobeseparatedfromeachother.Mumdividedthecakeintosomepieces.【练习A】 1Wehaveto_______Philip_______Johnbecausetheyweretalkingallthetime.A．translate;intoB．divide;intoC．share;withD．separate;from2Thesmallislandisseparated________usonthemap,butitisapartofChina.A．on B．from C．in D．to3TimandJimarefighting.Let’sgoand_______them.A．divide B．mix C．separate D．disturb4Thecakewas________intofourpieces,soeachofthefourchildrencouldhaveonepiece.A．dividedB．separatedC．takenD．dropped【练习B】5Mrs.Chenoften________ourclass________differentgroupsandaskseachgrouptotellstoriesinEnglish.A．divides;into B．connects;with C．pares;with D．separate;into6地理老师告诉我们在泰国一年分为三个季节。OurgeographyteachertoldusthatayearinThailand.答案：1D2B3C4A5A6isdividedintothreeseasons【讲练04】【原文】Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.一些衣服在慈善商店出售，一些送给穷人，另一些则被送到回收工厂。【考点】charityshops；internationalcharitiesbegiventothepoor送给穷人；thepoor穷人，“the+形容词”表示一类人，看作复数besentto送到some…others/theother+名词复数，此处的others指的是不特定范围的“其他（名词）”；others还可以单独使用，表示“其他人”some…theothers/theother+名词复数，此处的theothers指的是特定范围的“其他（名词）”one…theother+名词单数，“一个……另一个……”，共有两个eg:Somestudentslikerunning,andothers/otherstudentsliketennis.（此处others并不是指除somestudents以外的其他所有）Somestudentsareinthedancing,andtheothers/theotherstudentsaresinging.（此处theothers指的是除somestudents以外的其他所有）Onesideofthebookshelfislowerthantheotherside.【练习A】 1UNICEFisoneofthebestwellknown(慈善机构)thathelppoorchildrenintheworld.2Theconcertwillraisemoneyforlocal(慈善机构).3Youngchildrenshouldlearntocarefor_______attheearlyage.A．other B．theothers C．others D．another4—WhichofthetwoTshirtswouldyouliketochoose?—Both.ThenIcangiveonetomybrotherandleave_________tomyself.A．another B．theother C．other D．others5TimesSquareisagreatplacetovisit.AndBroadwayis_______placewecan’tmisswhenvisitingNewYork.A．other B．theother C．another D．others6Somechildrenlovesports,________likewatchingothersdosport.A．another B．theother C．other D．others【练习B】7Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromChicago,and________twoarefromLondon.A．other B．theothers C．theother D．others8TherearemanywaystoprotectyoufromCOVID19.Oneistowearthemaskwell.________istokeepthesafedistancefromthecrowd.A．Other B．Theother C．Another D．Others9—Thecinemahasreopenednow.Shallwegotoseeafilmtomorrow?—Oh,I’mnotfreetomorrow.Wecanmakeit________time.A．others B．other C．theother D．another10这场音乐会将为当地的慈善机构筹集资金，帮助人们度过漫长而寒冷的冬天。Thisconcertwill____________________topullpeoplethroughthelongcoldwinter.11虽然在慈善演出中筹集了大量的资金，但是生活费用上涨了很多，所以我们需要做很多工作来帮助穷人。Althoughagreatdealofmoney___________________,thecostofliving_______________sowewillneedtodomuchworktohelpthepoorpeople.答案：1charities2charities3C4B5C6D7C8C9D10raisemoneyforthelocalcharities11wasraisedatthecharityshow,hasrisenalot【讲练05】【原文】Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.例如，我们不允许砍伐树木。【考点】allowdoing允许做某事；allowsbtodo允许某人做某事sbbeallowedtodo被允许做某事；此处中文中“被”经常不显示，中译英时需注意主语eg：Thelawdoesn’tallowcuttingdownforest.Schoolsallowstudentstodressastheylikeatthefashionshow.Studentsaren’tallowedtousemobilephonesatschool.学生在校不（被）允许使用。【练习A】 1实验室里任何人都不允许制造噪音。Nobodyinthelaboratory.2我们不允许在教室里吃饭。Wedon’tintheclassroom.3Factoriesarenomoreallowed(pollute)theairwithheavysmoke.4Becauseofthepollution,thelocalgovernmentdidn’tallow(set)upanewfactory.5Theboy’sfatherdidn’tallowhim(play)outsideafter6p.m.6Teenagersshouldnotbeallowed(have)parttimejobs.7Passengersarenotallowed(eat)ordrinkwhentheytaketheunderground.【练习B】8.如果你不戴口罩，就不允许上公交车。Ifyoudon’twearamask,youthebus.9.IfMaryfinishesthejobintime,she(allow)tohavetwoweeksoff.答案：1isallowedtomakenoise2alloweating3topollute4toset5toplay6tohave7toeatwillnotbeallowedtogeton9willbeallowed【讲练06】【原文】Otherwise,wewillbepunished.否则，我们将受到惩罚。【考点①】willbepunished是一般将来时的被动语态“willbedone”eg:IwillbepunishedbymyfatherifIdon’tgetanAinMath.【具体内容参照《Unit6语法精讲》课件】【考点②】otherwise否则，后加逗号，再接句子eg:Otherwise,theymaynothelpyouagain.【考点③】punish动词：惩罚，易混淆publish（出版）；名词：punishmentbepunishedby被……惩罚punishsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而处罚某人eg:Hewaspunishedbyhismotherforfailingthephysicsexamoncemore.【练习A】 1Driversmustbe(惩罚)iftheydriveafterdrinking.2Theticketsyouarelookingforwardto(sell)outsoonifyoudon’torderthemnow.3Moretrees(cut)downifmorepaperisneededinthefuture.4Thepublishinghousesaysthisbook(translate)intoItaliannextyear.【练习B】5Not(惩罚)childrenfortheirmistakesinbothstudyandbehaviorcan’timprovethem.6汤姆竭尽全力避免惩罚，但是失败了。Tomdidallhecouldbutfailed.答案：1punished2willbesold3willbecut4willbetranslated5punishing6toavoidallthepunishment【讲练07】【原文】Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，因此明智地保护它很重要。【考点①】dependonsb/sth依靠、依赖eg:Wecannotalwaysdependonourparents,weneedtolearntotakecareofourselves.on的常考短语有：puton穿上、上演；carryondoing/withsth继续；goon继续；geton上车【考点②】resource资源，可数名词；naturalresource自然资源；eg:Weneedtoprotectnaturalresourcesandusetheminaproperway.【练习A】 1自然是我们最大的财富，我们依靠她的资源生存。Natureisour,weitsresourcestolive.2人们可以通过循环利用来节约资源。Peoplecan.3Don’t________yourparentstoomuch.Youshouldlearntolookafteryourself.A．dependon B．carryon C．tryon D．puton【练习B】4他们从小就被教导要依靠自己。They____________________________fromanearlyage.5在阅读时，我们不必依靠字典。Wedon’t_____________________.Usually,thelinesaboveandbelowwilltellyouthemeaningofanewword.答案：1greatesttreasure,dependon2saveresoursesbyrecycling3A4aretaughttodependonthemselves5havetodependonthedictionarywhilereading【讲练08】【原文】Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.这些新型能源成本很低，而且永远不会用完。【考点】sthrunout某物耗尽、用完；无被动runoutofsth用光、耗尽某物；有被动eg：Wehaven’trunoutofbutter.However,honeyhasrunout.out相关词组：putout扑灭；handout分发；giveout分发；eout出来、出版；workout算出、解决；findout发现、查明；sellout卖光；sendout发出、派遣；carryout执行；turnout证明【练习A】 1Theenergyfromthesunandwindisverycheapanditwillnever________.A．eout B．runout C．putout D．carryout2—Wouldyoupleasehelpme________theseleaflets(传单)forthespeech?

—Noproblem.A．putout B．handout C．runout D．eout3—TheoilontheEarthwill________oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A．findout B．takeout C．runout D．giveout【练习B】4—Dear,pleasegetsomefruitbeforeit________.—OK.I’llgotothesupermarketrightaway.A．runsout B．isrunout C．isrunningout D．willberunout5成千上万的物资每天被捐往灾区，以防止物资耗尽。Thousandsofgoodshedisasterareatopreventgoodseveryday.答案：1B2B3C4A5aredonatedto,fromrunningout【讲练9】【原文】Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakeadifference!记住，每个人都可以有所作为！Followthesesmallsteps,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth!遵循这些小步骤，你就能对地球产生巨大的影响！【考点①】makeadifference有影响、起作用makea(big)differencetosb/sth对……有（很大）影响、起（很大）作用makeno/littledifferenceto对…没有/几乎没有影响；makemuchdifferenceto对…有很大影响eg:Ouractionscanmakeadifference,nomatterhowsmalltheymayseem.Theraindidn’tmakemuchdifferencetothematch.【考点②】followthesesmallsteps遵循这些步骤takethefollowingsteps采取下列一些措施takesteps/action(s)todosth.采取措施做某事【练习A】 1Whatwedidwill________theenvironment.A．makeadifferenceB．takeadifferenceC．makeadifferencetoD．takeadifferenceto2—Infact,everyonecandosomethingto________toourenvironment.—Yes,Idon’tthinkweshouldthrowawaythewaste________.A．makedifference;carefully B．makedifferences;carefulC．makeadifference;carelessly D．makeafewdifferences;careless3—Idon’tthinkIcanmakeit!—eon.Athousandmilejourneybeginswiththefirst________.A．step B．break C．finger D．skill4Weshouldtakethree________toprotecttheenvironmenthere.A．advice B．knowledge C．steps D．chances5老师的话对我的学习产生了很大的影响。Whattheteachersaidtomystudy.【练习B】6你认为王老师的话会对最后的决定产生影响吗？DoyouthinkMrsWang’swordswould?7父母的主意能对孩子的决定产生影响，但是主要取决于他们自己的想法。Parents’ideascan__________________,butit____________________theirownmind.答案：1C2C3A4C5makes/madeabigdifference6makeadifferencetothefinaldecision7makeadifferencetochildren’schoice,mostlydependon【讲练10】【原文】Coal,oilandnaturalgasisnotonlyusefulforfamilies,buthaveawideruseforfactories.煤炭、石油和天然气不仅对家庭有用，对工厂也有更广泛的用途。【考点①】beusefulfor对…有用；haveawideuse有广泛用途eg:—IsAIusefulforourwork?—Yes,ithasawideuseforus.【考点②】notonly…but(also)…不仅……而且……；若作主语，符合“就近原则”eg:NotonlymyparentsbutalsomyfriendJoyceoftentakespartinvolunteerworkincharities.【练习A】 1NotonlyIbutalsomyfriend(be)interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavouritestar.2Notonlymymotherbutalsomy