贵州省威宁县高二上学期期末英语试题

威宁县2023~2024学年度第一学期高中素质教育期末测试试卷高二英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shesawafilm.B.Shedidherhomework.C.ShewenttoJohnson’shome.2.Whatactivitydoesthemanlike?A.Snowboarding.B.Snowkiting.C.Climbing.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisdrivingtest?A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Relieved.4.Howdoesthewomanusuallyeatcarrots?A.Shemakesjuiceoutofthem.B.Sheeatsthemraw.C.Shecooksthem.5.WhydoesKendraneedhelp?A.Sheisanewstudent.B.Shemissedsomeclasses.C.Shealwaysfailsinscience.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Unemployment.B.Futurewaysofworking.C.Athomeactivities.7.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingathome?A.Sendingfriendsemails.B.Callingherfriends.C.WatchingTV.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Thefirealarmwentoutoforder.B.Themandidn’teathissandwichatnoon.C.Thestudentsallmissedtheirclasses.9.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theman’sclassmate.B.Theman’steacher.C.Theman’smother.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whowasilllastweek?A.MrHudson.B.MrHudson’smother.C.MrHudson’sson.11.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMrHudson?A.Heisaverygoodworker.B.Heisapersonwhocaresnothing.C.Heisapersonwhooftengetsangry.12.WhatmaybethereasonforMrHudson’ssadness?A.Hisproblematwork.B.Hismanagerwantstofirehim.C.Hissonhasbroughthimsometrouble.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whatisthewomandoingwhenthemancalls?A.Cleaningtheputer.B.Buildinganewputer.C.PlacinganadontheInternet.14.Whatwasmentionedinthead?A.Thepriceoftheputer.B.Thewoman’saddress.C.Thewoman’semailaddress.15.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Teachaclass.B.Visitanewschool.C.Takeherdaughtertoschool.16.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.Tomorrowat10:00am.B.Wednesdayat9:00am.C.Wednesdayat10:00am.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Aninvitedguest.B.Anewsreporter.C.Aradiohost.18.Inwhatwayhasthespeakerchanged?A.Shehasspokenfaster.B.Shehasbeeheavier.C.Shehascookedmoreoften.19.Whatisdifficultforthespeakertogetusedto?A.Thefood.B.Theweather.C.Thelanguage.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheFrenchpeople?A.Abitcold.B.Generous..C.Easygoing.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAreyoulookingforthebestamusementparkintheworld?Whetheryouwishtogetthewondersofdreamlandorwanttobeamazedbythecraziestrides,therearenumerousplacesthatwouldsurelygiveyouexcitement.GardalandConsideredtobeoneofthetopamusementparksintheworld,GardalandislocatedintheNortheasternItalyandisanincrediblejourneyforeveryone.Beginafantasticadventurewiththethemedwaterwell,andthethrillingridesthatincludeBlueTornado,Raptor,MagicMountain,andalotmore.Whileitalsohappenstobethefascinatingoneamongstthebestamusementparksintheworld,thereisneveradullmomentinthiswonderland.UniversalStudiosNotedasoneofthebestamusementparksaroundtheworld,UniversalStudios,Osakaattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.ItispopularlyknownasthehomeoftheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter.Thisthemeparkhaswordclassentertainmentforallagestoenjoytothefullest.ManyattractionsaresimilartothatofUniversalOrlandoResortandUniversalStudiosHollywood.HappyValleyHappyValleyisoneofthebestamusementparksaroundtheworldforkidsandfamilies.Itisamagicalplaceforextremeadventureridesandcarnivals.posingofnineareasofdifferentthemesincludingSunshineBeach,ShangrilaWoodsandTyphoonBay,youaresuretohaveagreattimehere.1What’sspecialaboutGardaland?A.Ithasthelongestrideintheworld.B.Itisanamusementparkwithathemeofwells.C.Itisthegreatestamusementparkintheworld.D.Itismainlydesignedforchildrenandteenagers.2.WhomaybeattractedbyUniversalStudios?A.Fansoffantasyfilms. B.Environmentalists.C.Historians. D.Kidswholikerides.3Whatdothethreeparkshaveinmon?A.Theyhaveamazingrides. B.Theyattractpeopleofallages.C.Theyaremainlydesignedforkids. D.Theyaredesignedinthesamestyle.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三个世界上最好的游乐园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Gardaland”下面的“Beginafantasticadventurewiththethemedwaterwell,andthethrillingridesthatincludeBlueTornado,Raptor,MagicMountain,andalotmore.(从主题水井开始一场奇妙的冒险，还有包括蓝色龙卷风、猛禽、魔幻山等在内的惊险游乐设施。)”可知，Gardaland以水井为主题。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“UniversalStudios”下面的“ItispopularlyknownasthehomeoftheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter.(这里被誉为哈利·波特魔法世界的故乡。)”和“ManyattractionsaresimilartothatofUniversalOrlandoResortandUniversalStudiosHollywood.(许多景点与奥兰多环球度假区和好莱坞环球影城相似。)”可知，如果你是魔幻电影的粉丝，UniversalStudios会是最好的选择。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Gardaland”下面的“Consideredtobeoneofthetopamusementparksintheworld,GardalandislocatedintheNortheasternItalyandisanincrediblejourneyforeveryone.(Gardaland被认为是世界上顶级的游乐园之一，位于意大利东北部，对每个人来说都是一次不可思议的旅程。)”，“UniversalStudios”下面的“Thisthemeparkhaswordclassentertainmentforallagestoenjoytothefullest.(这个主题公园拥有世界级的娱乐设施，适合所有年龄段的人尽情享受。)”以及“HappyValley”下面的“HappyValleyisoneofthebestamusementparksaroundtheworldforkidsandfamilies.(HappyValley是世界上最好的儿童和家庭游乐园之一。)”可知，这三个主题公园适合各种年龄段的人。故选B。BIaskeverystudentapplyingforPitzerCollegethesamequestion,“Whatdoyoulookforwardtothemostincollege?”Iwassurprisedanddelightedwhenastudentreplied,“Thepossibilityoffailure.”Ofcourse,thisisnothowmoststudentsrespondtothequestionwhensittingbeforethepersonwhocanmakedecisionsabouttheiracademicfutures,butthisyoungmantookarisk.“Yousee,myparentshaveneverletmefail,”hesaid.“WhenIwanttotakeachanceatsomething,theyremindmeit’snotasaferoutetotake.TheytellmetakingamorerigorouscourseortryinganactivityImaynotsucceedinwillruinmychancesatcollegeadmission.Evenstayinguplatetodosomethingthatisn’trelatedtoschool,theyseeitasarisktomyacademicworkandcollegesuccess.”Kidsallovertheworldadmittheyareunderhugepressuretobeperfect.SostudentsareusuallyinshockwhenItellthemIneverexpectperfection.HowcouldaleaderofadmissionatoneofAmerica’smostselectivecollegesnotwantthebestandthebrightest?Therealityisthatperfectiondoesn’texist.I’veknownteenagerswillneverbeperfect.Theydosillythings,falldown,andlackconfidence.Theabilitytobouncebackisafundamentallifeskillstudentshavetolearnontheirown.Thelessonsoffailurecan’tbetaughtinaclassroom.Duringmyweekendofinterviews,anotherstudenttoldme,“I’mashamedtoadmitIfailedcalculus(微积分),butIdecidedtotakeitagainandgotaBplus.Iwillstilltakecalculus,andeventhoughIdon’tloveit,I’mgladIpushedthrough!”Iaskedhimwhathelearnedfromtheexperience.“Ilearnedtoletgoofshame,”hesaid.“IrealizedthatIcan’tletagradedefine(定义)mysuccess.Ialsolearnedthatifyouwantanythingeagerly,youcanachieveit.”IsmiledasIwrotehiswordsdownontheapplicationreviewform.Apparently,hehasthecopingskillstoadjusttocollegelife.Failureisaboutgrowth,learning,overingandmovingon.Let’sallowyoungpeopletofail.Notonlywilltheylearnsomething,itmightevengetthemintocollege!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rigorous”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Absurd. B.Lively. C.Challenging. D.Special.5.WhatcanwelearnfromthestudentmentionedinParagraph3?A.Teacherscanhelpstudentstoadmitfailure.B.Parentsdefinetheirchildren’ssuccessbygrades.C.Teenagersgetlessonsoffailurethroughexperiences.D.Youngpeoplespendenoughtimelettinggoofshame.6.Whydidtheauthorsmileashewrotethestudent’swordsdownontheform?A.Thecollegeteacherswouldlovethestudentforhisperfection.B.Hesucceededinpersuadingthestudenttoentercollege.C.Thestudentrealizedhisdreamofbeingaperfectperson.D.Hethoughtthestudentwouldhaveapromisingfuture.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LearntoFail B.LearntoLiveC.TrytoSucceed D.DecidetoExperience【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者是大学的面试官，但是从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的，一位面试者的自述和作者提及的一个学生也表明学生也应该从失败中获益。【4题详解】词句猜测题。由第一段中““WhenIwanttotakeachanceatsomething,theyremindmeit’snotasaferoutetotake.Theytellmetakingamore

rigorous

courseortryinganactivityImaynotsucceedinwillruinmychancesatcollegeadmission.

(当我想在某件事上碰碰运气时，他们提醒我这不是一条安全的路。他们告诉我，选择一门更rigorous课程或尝试一项我可能不会成功的活动，都会毁掉我大学录取的机会)”可知，当这个学生想冒险时，父母会提醒这条路不安全；其父母告诫他：选择一门更rigorous的课程或尝试一项自己可能不会成功的活动会毁掉被大学录取的机会；takingamore

rigorous

course与tryinganactivityImaynotsucceed呼应，由此可知，划线单词的意思应该是“具有挑战性的”，与Challenging意思一致。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Duringmyweekendofinterviews,anotherstudenttoldme,“I’mashamedtoadmitIfailedcalculus(微积分),butIdecidedtotakeitagainandgotaBplus.Iwillstilltakecalculus,andeventhoughIdon’tloveit,I’mgladIpushedthrough!”Iaskedhimwhathelearnedfromtheexperience.“Ilearnedtoletgoofshame,”hesaid.“IrealizedthatIcan’tletagradedefine(定义)mysuccess.Ialsolearnedthatifyouwantanythingeagerly,youcanachieveit.”(在周末的面试中，另一名学生告诉我：‘我很惭愧地承认我的微积分不及格，但我决定再考一次，并获得了B+。我仍然会学习微积分，尽管我并不喜欢它，但我很高兴我坚持了下来!’我问他从这次经历中学到了什么。‘我学会了放下羞耻，’他说。‘我意识到我不能让分数定义我的成功。我还学到了，如果你渴望什么，你就能实现它。’)”可知，作者提到的这位学生微积分考试不及格后再考一次获得了不错的成绩，尽管不喜欢但是还会继续学，这位学生还从这次失败中获益良多，不仅学会了放下羞耻，还意识到不能让分数定义成功以及自己特别渴望的就可以实现；结合第三段中第三、四句“Theabilitytobouncebackisafundamentallifeskillstudentshavetolearnontheirown.Thelessonsoffailurecan’tbetaughtinaclassroom.(重新振作起来的能力是学生们必须自学的一项基本生活技能。失败的教训不能在教室里教授。)”可知，这位学生的例子说明青少年是从自己经历的失败中来获得经验教训以及重新振作起来的能力。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“IsmiledasIwrotehiswordsdownontheapplicationreviewform.Apparently,hehasthecopingskillstoadjusttocollegelife.Failureisaboutgrowth,learning,overingandmovingon.Let’sallowyoungpeopletofail.Notonlywilltheylearnsomething,itmightevengetthemintocollege!(我微笑着把他的话写在申请审查表上。显然，他有适应大学生活的应对技巧。失败是成长、学习、克服和继续前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能会进入大学！)”可知，作者在申请审查表上写下学生的话时面带微笑，认为这个学生有适应大学生活的应对技巧，他从过去失败中获得的经验教训帮助他成长、学习并不断进步；由此推知，作者认为这个学生会很有发展前途。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“IaskeverystudentapplyingforPitzerCollegethesamequestion,“Whatdoyoulookforwardtothemostincollege?”Iwassurprisedanddelightedwhenastudentreplied,“Thepossibilityoffailure.”(我问每一个申请匹泽学院的学生同样的问题：‘你在大学里最期待什么?’当一个学生回答：‘失败的可能性’时，我又惊又喜。)”以及最后一段中“IsmiledasIwrotehiswordsdownontheapplicationreviewform.Apparently,hehasthecopingskillstoadjusttocollegelife.Failureisaboutgrowth,learning,overingandmovingon.Let’sallowyoungpeopletofail.Notonlywilltheylearnsomething,itmightevengetthemintocollege!(我微笑着把他的话写在申请审查表上。显然，他有适应大学生活的应对技巧。失败是成长、学习、克服和继续前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能会进入大学！)”可知，作者在文章中主要讲述自己作为大学的面试官从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的，一位面试者的自述和作者提及的一个学生也表明青少年经历失败，学会重新振作起来并吸取经验教训才能真正成长、不断进步。A项“LearntoFail(学会失败)”符合文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。CThereisnodoubtthattostudyabroadgivesyouanexcellentopportunitytolearnthingswhichareveryhelpfulinyourcareerbuilding.TodayCanadahasearnedagoodnameinprovidingqualityeducationandasafeenvironmentforitsstudents.Thatiswhymorethan130,000internationalstudentsregistereveryyearinfamousCanadianuniversities.Itisanidealeducationdestinationandgivesstudentsauniqueexperienceofeducationanditsdiverseartsandculture.CanadaspendsalotoneducationandisrankedthehighestinG8countries.TostudyinCanadaisverycosteffective.TheseuniversitiesareaffordableparedtootheruniversitiesintheworldsuchasintheUS,NewZealandandtheUKwherethecostofeducationandlivingisveryhigh.Accordingtoasurveyin2006,“CanadaofferedthelowesttuitionfeesforforeignstudentsparedtotheUKandAustralia.”ThelowrateofcrimesandthepeacefulsafeenvironmentofthecountryalsoattractlotsofinternationalstudentstoCanadianuniversities.Canadahas92universitiesand175munitycollegesanduniversitydegreeshavethreelevels—Bachelor’s,Master’sandDoctoral.ABachelor’sdegreeinCanadaisforthreeorfouryears’fulltimestudydependinguponthenatureoftheprogramyouaredoing.OntheotherhandaMaster’sdegreeconsistsoftwoyearsofstudy.ForaDoctoralprograminaCanadianuniversityyourequireaminimumofthreetofourorsometimesfiveyearsofresearchandstudy.Youcanalsofindmanydiploma(学位证书)andqualificationprogramsinCanadianuniversitieswherethetimeisgenerallyoneyear.SomeoftheCanadianuniversitiesarewellregardedworldwideandthedegreeanddiplomaobtainedfromtheseCanadianuniversitiesarerecognizedgloballyandpromiseabrightfuture.AfterthepletionofstudiesapersoncouldalsofindgreatjoboffersinCanadaitself.8.WhydomoreandmoreinternationalstudentschoosetostudyinCanada?A.BecauseCanadiangovernmenthasagoodname.B.Becausestudentsareprovidedwithfreeeducation.C.Becausetherearemorethan130,000internationalstudents.D.Becauseitoffersexcellenteducationandenvironmenttostudents.9.paredtoothercountries,whichistheadvantageofCanadaforinternationalstudents?A.Thebesteducationalresourcesintheworld.B.Lowertuitionandasafeenvironment.C.Theshorteststudyingperiodforadoctoraldegree.D.Themostabundanteducationalcurriculum.10.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ItisdifficulttogetadiplomainCanada.B.TherearethemostinternationalstudentsinCanada.C.GraduatesfromCanadaprefertoworkoutside.D.SomeCanadianuniversitiesarepopularworldwide.11.Thearticleisprobablytakenfrom______.A.anewspaper B.anovelC.adetectivestory D.asciencebook【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。出国留学提供了一个很好的机会去学习对职业发展非常有帮助的东西，如今加拿大在为学生提供优质教育和安全环境方面赢得了良好的声誉。文章对此进行了详细介绍。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“TodayCanadahasearnedagoodnameinprovidingqualityeducationandasafeenvironmentforitsstudents.(今天，加拿大在为学生提供优质教育和安全环境方面赢得了良好的声誉)”可知，越来越多的国际学生选择在加拿大学习是因为它为学生提供了良好的教育和环境。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Accordingtoasurveyin2006,“CanadaofferedthelowesttuitionfeesforforeignstudentsparedtotheUKandAustralia.”(根据2006年的一项调查，“与英国和澳大利亚相比，加拿大为外国学生提供的学费最低。”)”和第四段第一句“ThelowrateofcrimesandthepeacefulsafeenvironmentofthecountryalsoattractlotsofinternationalstudentstoCanadianuniversities(低犯罪率和和平安全的环境也吸引了许多国际学生到加拿大的大学学习)”可知，与其他国家相比，加拿大对国际学生的优势是学费低，环境安全。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“SomeoftheCanadianuniversitiesarewellregardedworldwideandthedegreeanddiplomaobtainedfromtheseCanadianuniversitiesarerecognizedgloballyandpromiseabrightfuture.(加拿大的一些大学在世界范围内享有盛誉，从这些大学获得的学位和文凭在全球范围内得到认可，预示着光明的未来)”可知，从最后一段中可以了解到加拿大的一些大学在世界范围内很受欢迎。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thereisnodoubtthattostudyabroadgivesyouanexcellentopportunitytolearnthingswhichareveryhelpfulinyourcareerbuilding.(毫无疑问，出国留学给了你一个很好的机会去学习对你的职业发展非常有帮助的东西)”和第二段第一句“TodayCanadahasearnedagoodnameinprovidingqualityeducationandasafeenvironmentforitsstudents.(今天，加拿大在为学生提供优质教育和安全环境方面赢得了良好的声誉)”可知，文章主要是对在加拿大留学的情况进行了介绍。由此推知，文章可能来自一份报纸。故选A。DDavidWillardhasbeencheckingthegroundsofChicago’slakefrontexhibitioncenterfordeadbirdsfor40years.Onemorningthisyearhefoundsomethinghorrible;Hundredsofdeadsongbirds,sothicktheylookedlikeacarpet.Nearly1,000songbirdsdiedduringthenightaftercrashingintothecenter’swindows.Accordingtobirdexperts,theresultwascausedbyabinationofmigrationconditions,rain,andtheexhibitionhall'slowlightsandwallswithwindows.Birdsdon’tseeclearglassanddon’tunderstandit’sadeadlybarrier.Whentheyseeplantsorbushesthroughwindows,theyheadforthem,killingthemselvesintheprocess.Birdsthatmigrateatnight,likesparrows,relyonthestarstonavigate.Brightlightsfrombuildingsbothattractandconfusethem,leadingtowindowstrikesorbirdsflyingaroundthelightsuntiltheydiefromtiredness—aphenomenonknownasdeadlylightattraction.Buteveninthebestofcircumstances,springandfallaredangeroustimesformigratingbirds.Whentheymigrateovermajorcities,therisksincrease.Hundredsorthousandsofdeadbirdsmayappearoncitystreetsafterawaveofmigrantshaspassedthrough.Inall,about100millionto1billionbirdsdieeachyearinNorthAmericafromcrashingbuildings.Thegoodnewsisthatpeoplecangreatlyreducethedangerwithsomesimplemethods.Windowstrikesareeasilypreventable,saidAnnaPidgeon,anexpertattheUniversityofWisconsinMadison.Architectscandesignwindowswithmarkingsintheglassthatbirdscaneasilyrecognize,shesaid.Peoplecanpainttheirwindowsaswell.12.WhatcausedsongbirdstodieaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Badmigrationconditions. B.Humanbehaviors.C.Crashingintoplants. D.Abinationofexternalfactors.13.Whatisfatallightattraction?A.Birdsdyingduetobeingattractedbystronglights.B.Birdsgettingattractedtobrightlightsandthengettinglost.C.Birdsgettingattractedtolightsandthenattackingeachother.D.Birdsflyingaroundthedimlightsuntiltheydiefromexhaustion.14.WhatisAnnaPidgeon’sattitudetowardsthemeasuresofcuttingdownthedanger?A.Puzzledandunbiased. B.Negativeandsuspicious.C.Approvingandsupportive. D.promisingandcritical.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topromotetheuseofdimlightsinbuildings.B.Toinformreadersaboutbirdmigrationpatterns.C.Toexplainthedangersbirdsfaceduringmigration.D.TodiscusstheworkofDavidWillardattheexhibitioncenter.【答案】12D13.A14.C15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了芝加哥湖滨展览中心发现大量鸟类死亡的事件，以及导致鸟类死亡的原因，强调了建筑物的窗户和明亮的灯光对夜晚迁徙鸟类的威胁。其目的是让人们关注迁徙鸟类在城市中面临的死亡风险以及如何减少这些风险。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Accordingtobirdexperts,theresultwascausedbyabinationofmigrationconditions,rain,andtheexhibitionhall'slowlightsandwallswithwindows.(据鸟类专家介绍，这一结果是由迁徙条件、雨水、展厅的低光和有窗户的墙壁共同造成的。)”可知，鸣禽死亡是外界的因素相互作用造成的，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Birdsdon’tseeclearglassanddon’tunderstandit’sadeadlybarrier.Whentheyseeplantsorbushesthroughwindows,theyheadforthem,killingthemselvesintheprocess.Birdsthatmigrateatnight,likesparrows,relyonthestarstonavigate.Brightlightsfrombuildingsbothattractandconfusethem,leadingtowindowstrikesorbirdsflyingaroundthelightsuntiltheydiefromtiredness—aphenomenonknownasdeadlylightattraction.(鸟类看不到透明的玻璃，也不明白这是一个致命的屏障。当它们透过窗户看到植物或灌木丛时，就会朝它们扑过去，在这个过程中自杀。夜间迁徙的鸟类，比如麻雀，依靠星星来导航。来自建筑物的强光既吸引它们又迷惑它们，导致它们撞到窗户，或者鸟儿在灯光下飞来飞去，直到它们因疲劳而死——这种现象被称为致命的光吸引。)”可知，致命的光吸引是指鸟类因被强光吸引而死亡。故选A。14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thegoodnewsisthatpeoplecangreatlyreducethedangerwithsomesimplemethods.Windowstrikesareeasilypreventable,saidAnnaPidgeon,anexpertattheUniversityofWisconsinMadison.Architectscandesignwindowswithmarkingsintheglassthatbirdscaneasilyrecognize,shesaid.Peoplecanpainttheirwindowsaswell.(好消息是，人们可以通过一些简单的方法大大降低危险。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的专家AnnaPidgeon说，撞窗户很容易预防。她说，建筑师可以在玻璃上设计带有鸟类很容易识别的标记的窗户。人们也可以粉刷他们的窗户。)”可推知，AnnaPidgeon对补救措施持支持和赞同态度，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“DavidWillardhasbeencheckingthegroundsofChicago’slakefrontexhibitioncenterfordeadbirdsfor40years.Onemorningthisyearhefoundsomethinghorrible;Hundredsofdeadsongbirds,sothicktheylookedlikeacarpet.Nearly1,000songbirdsdiedduringthenightaftercrashingintothecenter’swindows.Accordingtobirdexperts,theresultwascausedbyabinationofmigrationconditions,rain,andtheexhibitionhall'slowlightsandwallswithwindows.(大卫·威拉德40年来一直在芝加哥湖滨展览中心检查死鸟。今年的一天早晨，他发现了一件可怕的事情；数以百计的鸣禽尸体，厚得像地毯一样。夜间，近1000只鸣禽撞上了该中心的窗户，死亡。据鸟类专家介绍，这一结果是由迁徙条件、雨水、展厅的低光和有窗户的墙壁共同造成的。)”结合文章介绍了芝加哥湖滨展览中心发现大量鸟类死亡的事件，以及导致鸟类死亡的原因，强调了建筑物的窗户和明亮的灯光对夜晚迁徙鸟类的威胁。其目的是让人们关注迁徙鸟类在城市中面临的死亡风险以及如何减少这些风险，即文章的主要目的是解释鸟类在迁徙过程中面临的危险。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。UseBodyLanguagetoBuildTrustBodylanguagecanhelppeopleseeyouasmoretrustworthy,resultinginstrongerrelationshipsathome,workandschool.Althoughsomegesturesvaryacrosscultures,there’recertainbasicbodylanguagegestures.Keepeyecontactwhensomeoneistalking.____16____Soputyourphonedownandlistenwithyoureyes.Buildingstrongerhumantiesmakesiteasiertotrustpeopleandknowmoreaboutthem.Uncrossyourarmsandlegs.____17____However,thatwillcloseyouoff.You’reunknowinglymunicatingsomethingnegativebecauseyou’vepositionedyourbodyinawaythatblocksanybasisforbuildingtrust.____18____Thus,you’lllookmoreopentohearingothers’thoughts.____19____Sittingbehindadeskcreatesanotherobstaclethatcouldmakethepersonyou’retalkingtoputhisorherownwallsup.AccordingtoProfessorCarlaChamberlinQuinlisk,sittingatatablewithherstudentsencouragesthemtobemorevocalduringclass.Sotrythesmartwaytogetyourbosstotrustyou.Limityourownnotetaking.Sometimesnotesarenecessarywhenyou’retalkingtoacoworker,butmakesureallthatdoesn’tgetinthewayofyoureyecontact.Ifyou’reconstantlywritingdownwhattheotherpersonsays,thatpersoncouldstartfeelingselfconscious.What’smore,takingnotesmakestheotherpersonfeelunfortable.____20____A.Don’tsitbehindadesk.B.Makesureyourbodylooksopen.C.Nodandsmilewhilesomeoneistalking.D.Youmightonlybecrossingyourarmsandlegsbecauseyou’recold.EItwillhelpbuildtrustbecauseitshowsrealinterest.F.Andtheymayquestionlike“Whyaretheywritingthatdown?”G.Unfortunately,mostpeoplehavenotrainingonhowtoreadbodylanguage.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章作者就如何用肢体语言建立信任这一问题给出了一些建议。【16题详解】上文“Keepeyecontactwhensomeoneistalking.(当别人说话时，保持眼神交流。)”指出当别人说话时要保持眼神交流；E选项“Itwillhelpbuildtrustbecauseitshowsrealinterest.(这将有助于建立信任，因为它显示了真正的兴趣。)”承接上文，阐述了保持眼神交流有助于建立信任的原因，与下文“Soputyourphonedownandlistenwithyoureyes.(所以放下你的，用你的眼睛倾听。)”构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】由段首句“Uncrossyourarmsandlegs.(不要交叉双臂和双腿。)”可知本段主要阐述不要交叉双臂和双腿；D选项“Youmightonlybecrossingyourarmsandlegsbecauseyou’recold.(你可能只是因为冷而交叉双臂和双腿。)”指出你交叉双臂和双腿可能只是因为冷；下文“However,thatwillcloseyouoff.You’reunknowinglymunicatingsomethingnegativebecauseyou’vepositionedyourbodyinawaythatblocksanybasisforbuildingtrust.(然而，这将会使你与别人隔离。你在不知不觉中传达了一些消极的东西，因为你的身体已经挡住了建立信任的任何基础。)”承接D选项，指出即使因为冷而交叉双腿或者双臂，但也会使你与别人隔离，会影响你与别人建立信任；由此可知，D选项符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据段首句“Uncrossyourarmsandlegs.(不要交叉双臂和双腿。)”以及下文“Thus,you’lllookmoreopentohearingothers’thoughts.(因此，你会更愿意听取别人的想法。)”可知和别人交流时不要交叉双臂和双腿，应该保持身体是放开的，让人感觉你是乐于倾听别人的想法；B选项“Makesureyourbodylooksopen.(确保你的身体看起来是放开的。)”符合语境，选项中的“open”与下文中的“open”相对应。故选B。【19题详解】文章结构分析可知，设空处为主旨句；由下文“Sittingbehindadeskcreatesanotherobstaclethatcouldmakethepersonyou’retalkingtoputhisorherownwallsup.(在桌子后面会造成另一个障碍，可能会让与你交谈的人筑起自己的墙)”可知，本段主要阐述和别人交流时不要坐在桌子后面；A选项“Don’tsitbehindadesk.(不要坐在桌子后面。)”符合本段主旨，能够引领下文，适合作为主旨句。故选A。【20题详解】由上文“Ifyou’reconstantlywritingdownwhattheotherpersonsays,thatpersoncouldstartfeelingselfconscious.What’smore,takingnotesmakestheotherpersonfeelunfortable.(如果你不停地写下别人说的话，那个人可能会开始感到不自在。更重要的是，记笔记会让对方感到不舒服。)”可知，你不停地记下别人所说的话会让对方感到不舒服；F选项“Andtheymayquestionlike“Whyaretheywritingthatdown?”(他们可能会问：‘他们为什么要写下来?’)”承接上文，继续阐述你一直记笔记会给对方带来的影响。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。NatalieHamptonspentmostofher8thgradeschoolyeareatinglunchalone.ThenewgirlwasatanallgirlsprivateschoolinLosAngeles.Agroupof“meangirls”excludedherfromparties,calledhernamesandevenphysically____21____her.Theytoldhershewas____22____andwouldneverhaveanyfriends.Natalieoncewasakidwholovedgoingtoschool,butnowshewas____23____ofit.Shestoppedeating,andshecouldn’tsleep.The____24____becamesobadthatshehadtobehospitalized.Hermomcallsit“thedarkest____25____ofourlives.”Natalie’smothersenthertoanotherschoolforhighschool.Nowa16yearoldjunior,she’s____26____there,withagroupofclosefriendsandmanyafterschoolactivities.Butshe’sneverforgottenthedarkyearinher8thgrade,andshe____27____theideaofotherkids____28____whatshedid.SoNatalie___29___anideathatwouldallowstudentsajudgmentfreewaytofindlunchmateswithoutthe_____30_____ofbeingrefused.She_____31_____anappcalled“SitWithUs”,wherestudentscansignupas“ambassadors”andpostthatthereareopenseatsattheirlunchtable.Whensigningupasambassadors,thestudentsmakea_____32_____thatthey’llbekindandwelingtowhoeverestositwiththem.Astudentwhodoesn’thaveaplacetositcanlookattheappandfindanambassador’stableandknowtheyareinvitedto____33____it.“Lunchmightseemreallysmall,butIthinkthesearethesmallstepsthatmakeaschoolmoreinclusive(包容),”shesaid.“Itdoesn’tseemlikeyou’reaskingthatmuch,butitstartsto_____34_____thewaystudentsthinkabouteachother.Itmakesa_____35_____differenceinhowtheytreateachother.”21.A.tracked B.contacted C.broke D.attacked22.A.ugly B.bright C.brilliant D.royal23.A.regretful B.fond C.scared D.proud24.A.anxiety B.curiosity C.sincerity D.creativity25.A.instant B.second C.night D.period26.A.astonished B.happy C.frightened D.awkward27.A.appreciates B.hates C.enjoys D.explores28.A.thinkingabout B.passingdown C.goingthrough D.lookingthrough29.A.laughedat B.objectedto C.cameacross D.cameupwith30.A.doubt B.fear C.courage D.puzzle31.A.developed B.improved C.mended D.reformed32.A.judgement B.proposal C.plan D.promise33.A.serve B.decorate C.join D.admire34.A.change B.pick C.block D.build35.A.serious B.negative C.huge D.little【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.D