BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷1（共228题）

BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷1（共9套）（共228题）BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷第1套一、第一部分(本题共24题，每题1.0分，共24分。)Facialexpressionscarrymeaning,determinedbycontextsandrelationships.【R1】______Awoman'ssmileatapolicemanwhoisabouttogiveheraticketdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowaffection,conveypoliteness,ordisguisetruefeelings.Painisconveyedbyagrimace,whichalsosignifiesdisgustordisapproval.Surprise,shock,ordisbeliefcanbeshownbyraisingtheeyebrows.Awinkgiventoafriendmaymean"youandIhaveasecret"or"Iamjustkidding".【R2】______Ourfaceseasilyrevealemotionsandattitudes.【R3】______Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasmembersofanotherdoesnotmeantheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturalrestraintsontheamountofnonverbalexpressivenesspermitted.Givenindividualdifferences,itisdifficulttomakegeneralizationsaboutaculturalstyleofcommunication.【R4】______PeoplefromcertainethnicbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesmayusetheirhands,bodies,andfacesmorethanotherAmericans.Therearenofixedrules,althoughitisconsiderednegativeorsuspicioustohavea"deadpan"expressionora"Pokerface".【R5】______Eyecontactisimportantbecauseinsufficientorexcessiveeyecontactmaycreatecommunicationbarriers.Itisimportantinrelationshipsbecauseitservestoshowintimacy,attention,andinfluence.【R6】______Itis,however,commonfortwostrangerstowalktowardeachother,makeeyecontact,smileandperhapsevensay"Hi".【R7】______Thistypeofglancedoesnotmeanmuch;itissimplyawayofacknowledginganotherperson'spresence.Inaconversationtoolittleeyecontactmaybeseennegativelybecauseitconveyslackofinterest,inattention,orevenmistrust.【R8】______A.Americansexpressthemselvesfaciallyinvaryingdegrees.B.Betweenamanandawoman,awinkcanbeflirtatious.C.Thedegreeoffacialexpressivenessalsovariesamongindividualsandcultures.D.Somepeoplecanbe"readlikeabook";othersaredifficulttoread.E.Forinstance,thesmile,whichistypicallyanexpressionofpleasure,hasmanyfunctions.F.Aswithfacialexpressions,therearenospecificrulesgoverningeyebehaviorexceptthatitisconsideredrudetostare,especiallyatstrangers.G.Therelationshipbetweenmistrustandlackofeyecontactisstateddirectlyintheexpression,"Nevertrustapersonwhocan'tlookyouintheeye."H.Thestrangersmayimmediatelylookawayandforgetthattheyevenhadanycontact.1、【R1】标准答案：E知识点解析：本文论述了微笑、眼神等体态语。第1段的第1句话是全文的主旨句。即：面部表情所传达的含义取决于所处的环境和关系。那么后文需要举例论证这个观点。选项E：“例如，微笑这一典型的表示愉快的表情有很多不同的作用。”与空格前后句相呼应。2、【R2】标准答案：B知识点解析：空格前一句提到对朋友眨眼睛可能是说“这是你和我之间的秘密”或“开个玩笑”，选项B也是与wink(眨眼)有关的，说明了wink在不同场景时的不同含义，符合本段主旨，是正确选项。3、【R3】标准答案：C知识点解析：浏览第2段，此段讲述了面部表情的表达与个人和文化之间的关系。那么，选项C正好可以作为本段的主旨句。4、【R4】标准答案：A知识点解析：第2段的前半部分说明了不同文化背景的人面部表情的表达程度不同。后半部分以美国人为例说明了个体表达之间的差别。选项A：“美国人在不同程度上用面部传递信息。”正好符合题意。5、【R5】标准答案：D知识点解析：第2段的结尾句应结合前文观点，即：不同的人面部表情程度不一样。由此可知应该选D：“有的人就像一本能读懂的书，有的人很难读懂。”6、【R6】标准答案：F知识点解析：第3段论述了适度的眼神交流的重要性。空格的下旬用转折词however说明了陌生人也会进行眼神交流。那么空格处应该是交代眼神交流的适用规则。选项F：“对于面部表情来说，除了认为盯着别人(特别是陌生人)看很不礼貌以外，没有就眼部的表现做出具体的规定。”7、【R7】标准答案：H知识点解析：空格上句提及strangers之间的眼神交流，那么空格处应该是陌生人之间另外一种表现。选H符合题意，即：“陌生人可能很快转移视线，忘记他们曾经有过任何接触。”8、【R8】标准答案：G知识点解析：空格的上句提及过短的眼神交流对交谈的负面影响：会表示对谈话缺乏兴趣、猜疑等。那么选项G用一个俗语很形象地论证了这个观点：“永远也不要相信不敢看着你的眼睛的人。"Theinfluenceofclimateonbehaviorappearsall-pervasive.Indeed,whocanclaimthatweatherfactorshavenoinfluenceontheirdecision-making?【R1】______People'smoodsalsochangewiththeweather:brightsunnydaysseemtoliftspirits,whiledarkrainyperiodsbringondepression.Lawenforcementagenciesarebeginningtoshowinterestintheeffectofatmosphericconditionsonbehavior.【R2】______Bothmonthlyandseasonalvariationsareconsideredtoreflectthevaryinginfluenceoftemperature,precipitation,humidity,lengthofdaylight,andanumberofotherclimatologicalfactors.Variousstudiesfindrelationshipsbetweenspecificclimatologicalconditionsandcrime.Risingtemperatureisgenerallyaccompaniedbyincreasesinaggressionandviolentcrime.【R3】______Rain,cloudcover,andotherformsofinclementweatherareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofpropertycrimesandincreaseddepression.【R4】______Theanalysisalsoshowsthatashumidityincreasesthelevelofcrimedecreases.Temperaturealsohasagreateffect.Increasingtemperaturefailstoinfluencethenumberofnighttimeburglaries/larcenies,butitdoesincreasetheothercrimecategories.Burglaries/larcenies(dayandnight)anddaytimeassaultsalsotendtoincreasealongwithcloudcover.【R5】______Individualswhorespondwithcriminalbehaviortoweatherchangesorweatherextremesmaybecontrollablebyadministeringdrugsthatoffsettheseinfluences.【R6】______Changingormanipulatingtheweatherisonepossiblemeansofattackingaweathercrimeinteraction.【R7】______Minorchangesmaybepossiblesuchasregulationofrainfallofskycover.Ontheotherhand,temperaturecontrolmaybepossible.【R8】______Oncethisisaccomplished,itwillbenecessarytodevisemoreaccuratemeansofforecastingtheweather,counteractingtheeffectsofweatheronhumanbehavior,andcontrollingtheenvironment,oridentifyingotherapproachestotheproblem.A.Everyyear,theFBI'sUniformCrimeReportsprovidebreakdownsofthecrimeratesbymonthandseasonoftheyear.B.Everyonecanpointtoinstanceswhereplansandactivitieshavebeenchangedbecauseofweatherconditions.C.Ontheotherhand,highhumidityappearstoreducetheincidenceofphysicalactivityandaggression.DThisapproachmaynotbefeasibleduetomanyrelationshipsbetweenweather/climateandrotationoftheearth.E.Moreresearchisneededtoassessandclarifytherelationshipbetweencrimeandthevariousclimatologicalfactors.F.Ourstudyshowedthatlowhumidityhasthemostwidespreadinfluenceonalltypesofcrimestudied.GElectricalstimulationofpleasurecentersinthebrainmaysomedaybeafeasiblecounter-measuretoaggressivestimuliduetoincreasedtemperatureorotherweathervariables.H.Exceptforwindspeedandbarometricpressurewithregardtodaytimeassaults,theremainingweatherfactorshavevirtuallynoinfluenceonthelevelsofcrime.9、【R1】标准答案：B知识点解析：本文第1段举例说明了天气与人类行为之间的联系。空格处的后句说明了天气对人们情绪的影响，由also推断，空格处也应该是天气对某一行为因素的影响。B说明了天气和人们活动的关系，符合题意。10、【R2】标准答案：A知识点解析：空格的上句提到司法机构对天气条件对行为的影响感兴趣。那么后句应该举例说明才能衔接。空格处选A：“联邦调查局的《同类罪行报告》每年都提供每月、每季度的犯罪率分析。”符合题意。11、【R3】标准答案：C知识点解析：第3段说明了各种研究发现，特定的气候条件与犯罪之间有联系。空格的前后句均是研究结果，那么空格处应该选C。“ontheotherhand”引出另一个例子。12、【R4】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格后句分析表明：随着湿度的增加，犯罪率下降。由后句中的“also”推出，上句也是说明湿度和犯罪率的关系。F正确。13、【R5】标准答案：H知识点解析：第4段主要论述了湿度、温度等气候条件对犯罪率的影响，最后一句即窄格处应该选H作为总结：其他没有提及的气候因素也会对人的行为产生影响。14、【R6】标准答案：G知识点解析：第5段谈到了人们在寻求控制对气候变化的反应的可行的办法。选项G：“用电刺激大脑的兴奋中枢神经也可能某天成为一种可行的措施来对付高温或其他气候变化带来的进攻性刺激。”符合题意。15、【R7】标准答案：D知识点解析：上句提到“改变或控制天气是一种解决天气与犯罪之间相互作用的可能手段”，后句提到“有可能对天气进行小幅度的改变”，由此可以推断，改变天气很难做到，选项D与题意相呼应，是合适的选项。16、【R8】标准答案：E知识点解析：选出此选项的关键是找出空格的下旬“this”的指代对象。经过大意分析，E是“this”合适的指代对象：还有待于对犯罪和气候学等因素作进一步的研究。ItiscommonforAmericanstohavedifferent"circlesoffriends"suchaschurchfriends,workfriends,orsportsfriends.【R1】______One'sfriendsfromtheofficemaynevermeetone'sfriendsfromthesportsclub.Termssuchas"officemate"and"tennispartner"indicatethesegregationoffriends.【R2】______Peoplehavedifferenttypesoffriends:onemayhavemanygoodfriendsandonebestfriend."Bestfriends"areusuallytwopeopleofthesamesexwhohaveknowneachotherforalongperiodoftime.【R3】______Itiseasytobemisledbyinstantfriendshipswhichmayappeartobedeepandpersonalbutarereallysuperficial.【R4】______FriendlinesscharacterizesmuchofAmericandailyinteractionbutisnotalwaysanindicationofpursuingarelationship.Characterizinginstantfriendshipsistheappearanceoftwopeoplebecomingclosebut,inreality,thereisnostrongbondbetweenthem.【R5】______Manypeoplefrequentlysmileorsay,"haveaniceday"or"seeyoulater",orevenextendaninvitationaspartofaculturalpatternsofpoliteness.Suchexpressionsdonotalwayssuggestanofferofcontinuedfriendship.【R6】______ItispossiblethatsomeAmericans,becauseoftheirlinguisticandgeographicisolation,arehesitantaboutinteractionwithforeigners.However,itisimportanttoknowthatAmericansarereceptivetodevelopingfriendshipswithinternationalvisitors.【R7】______Oneforeignstudent,afterhavinglivedintheUnitedStatesforseveralyears,saidthatthemostimportantadvicehecouldgivetonewcomerswouldbe,"Don'tbepassivewhenitcomestomakingfriendswithAmericans.Beginconversations,extendinvitationsandmakethefirstmove."AcharacteristicofAmericanpersonalrelationsistheabsenceoffixedrulesgoverningthem.【R8】______Evenwithinaperson'sownculture,recognizingwhenarelationshiphasthepotentialtodevelopintoafriendshipisnotalwayseasy.Whenoneislivinginaforeigncountry,oneisfacedwithunfamiliarfriendshippatternswhichaddtothechallengeofinitiatingandmaintainingmeaningfulrelationships.A.Friendshipandfriendlinessarenotsynonymous.B.Briefencountersdonotalwaysimplydesireforfurthercontact.C.Therefore,avarietyoffriendshipsarepossibleintheUnitedStates.D.Peopleusuallyhavemorecasualfriendsthancloseorbestfriends.E.Apersonmaychoosenottoinvolvemembersofdifferentcirclesinthesameactivity.F.Theofficemateisafriendintheofficeandthetennispartnerisafriendonthecourts.GWithforeignvisitors,Americansmaynotalwaysbethefirstonestobeginfriendships.H.Ingeneral,itisadvisabletoapproachAmericansfirstinordertoinitiatefriendships.17、【R1】标准答案：E知识点解析：本文介绍了存在于美国社会的形形色色的友谊。首句提到美国人不同的朋友圈子，第3句说明“他的办公室朋友可能从未与体育俱乐部的朋友谋过面”，中间缺少一个过渡，选项E：“一个人可能不会让不同圈子里的朋友参加同一项活动。”承上启下，符合逻辑。18、【R2】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格的上句提到两个术语“officemate”和“tennispartner”，那么空格处就应该是对这两个术语的解释。选项F正好符合题意。19、【R3】标准答案：D知识点解析：空格的上句把美国人的朋友分为好朋友和普通朋友两种。所以空格处可以是对此作进一步的介绍，选项D：“人们所拥有的普通朋友通常比亲密的朋友或最好的朋友多。”符合题意。20、【R4】标准答案：A知识点解析：第2段区分了美国文化中友谊和友好的区别。空格的后句分别定义了友谊和友好，那么空格处应该选A：“友谊和友好不是同义词。”21、【R5】标准答案：B知识点解析：从本段的最后一句话可以得出结论，陌生人见面打招呼也可能是出于礼节，而不总是希望继续发展友谊。所以空格处选B：“短暂的相遇并不总是意味着进一步的交往”，符合题意。22、【R6】标准答案：G知识点解析：第3段讲述了美国人和外国朋友打交道的习俗。空格的后句指出：“有些美国人受到语言和地理上的限制，不愿与外国人交往。”所以空格处选G：“对于外国来访者，美国人并不总是首先与其建立友谊。”符合题意。23、【R7】标准答案：H知识点解析：空格的后句引述了一个在美国生活了几年的留学生与美国人交朋友的经验之谈，空格处选H与之相符合，即：“总的来说，最好是先主动与美国人接近，以便建立友谊。”24、【R8】标准答案：C知识点解析：上句提到美国的人际关系没有固定的规章制度，那么选项C与之相呼应，作为本文的总结：“因此，在美国有着形形色色的友谊。”BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷第2套一、第一部分(本题共24题，每题1.0分，共24分。)Peopletravelinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywouldprefertogobyland,sea,orair.Hardlyanyonecanpositivelyenjoysittinginatrainformorethanafewhours.【R1】______Itisalmostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.Readingisonlyapartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyoutosleep.Duringtheday,sleepcomesinsnatches.Atnight,whenyouwishtogotosleepyourarelymanagetodoso.Ifyouareluckyenoughtogetacouchette,youspendhalfthenightstaringatthesmallbluelightintheceiling,orfumblingtofindyourpassportwhenyoucrossafrontier.【R2】______Longcarjourneysareevenlesspleasant,foritisquiteimpossibleeventoread.Onmotorwaysyoucan,atleast,travelfairlysafelyathighspeeds,butmoreoftenthannot,thegreaterpartofthejourneyisspentonnarrow,bumpyroadswhicharecrowdedwithtraffic.【R3】______Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swim,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood—alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetseasick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.【R4】______Aeroplaneshavethereputationofbeingdangerousandevenhardenedtravelersareintimidatedbythem.Theyalsohavethegravedisadvantageofbeingthemostexpensiveformoftransport.【R5】______Travelingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover500milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.Youdonothavetodevisewaysoftalkingyourmindoffthejourney,foranaeroplanegetsyoutoyourdestinationrapidly.【R6】______Therealescapistcanwatchafreefilmshowandsipchampagneonsomeservices.Butevenwhensuchrefinementsarenotavailable,thereisplentytokeepyouoccupied.Anaeroplaneoffersyouanunusualandbreathtakingviewoftheworld.【R7】______Youreallyseetheshapeoftheland.Ifthelandscapeishiddenfromtheview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbrokencloudplainsthatstretchoutformilesbeforeyou,whilethesunshinesbrilliantlyinaclearsky.Thejourneyissosmooththatthereisnothingtopreventyoufromreadingorsleeping.【R8】______Youwillnothavetospendthenextfewdaysrecoveringfromalongandarduousjourney.A.Yousoareffortlesslyoverhighmountainsanddeepvalleys.B.Butnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.C.Traincompartmentssoongetcrampedandstuffy.D.Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.E.Bycomparison,tripsbyseaofferagreatvarietyofcivilizedcomforts.F.Forafewhours,yousettlebackinadeeparmchairtoenjoytheflight.GRelativelyfewpeoplearepreparedtosacrificeuptoathirdoftheirholidaysforthepleasureoftravelingonaship.H.Howeveryoudecidetospendyourtime,onethingiscertain:youwillarriveatyourdestinationfreshanduncrumpled.1、【R1】标准答案：C知识点解析：本文对比说明了乘车、乘船和乘飞机3种旅行方式的特点。第1段首先介绍了乘火车旅行的劣势。空格处的前一句提到乘火车几个小时会感到很不舒服，那么后句应该更具体地说明。C项：“火车车厢很快变得拥挤、闷热。”是合适的选项。2、【R2】标准答案：D知识点解析：本空格处应该是一个总结句，来说明火车旅行的特点。D：“你到达目的地时肯定是不可避免地感到筋疲力尽了。”符合题意。3、【R3】标准答案：E知识点解析：由空格处的下旬“…thattheseaiscalm”可以看出，作者又把话题转向了乘船旅行。所以此空格处应该是一个承上启下的过渡句，选E：“与乘车旅行的弊端相比，乘船旅行则可以提供各种各样的文明享受。”4、【R4】标准答案：G知识点解析：前文提到乘船旅行很浪费时间，所以空格处应该选G：“没有多少人愿意为了享受乘船旅行的乐趣而牺牲1／3的假期”，再次说明了乘船旅行的费时。5、【R5】标准答案：B知识点解析：文章第2段重点讲述了乘飞机旅行的利与弊。前两句说明了乘飞机的危险和昂贵。第4句提到“Travelingataheightof30,000feet，…isanexhilaratingexperience．”说明了飞机的速度之快，也很舒适。所以空格处选B：“但是在舒适和速度方面，没有其他交通工具可与之相比。”6、【R6】标准答案：F知识点解析：由前文推出，此空格处也应该分述飞机的舒适，正确选项是F：“你可以坐在高背扶手椅上享受几个小时的飞行乐趣。”7、【R7】标准答案：A知识点解析：第2段的后半部分讲述了飞机旅行的视野开阔。此空格处正确选项是A：“你在高山深谷之上翱翔。”8、【R8】标准答案：H知识点解析：此段后两句话总结了飞机旅行的优点，后一句话提到不必花费几天的时间从艰苦的旅行中恢复精神和体力，那么空格处选H：“不管你如何度过飞机上的时光，有一点是肯定的：你将精神饱满、毫无倦意地到达目的地。”IntheUnitedStates,itisimportanttobepunctualforanappointment,aclass,ameeting,etc.Thismaynotbetrueinallcountries,however.【R1】______Thetwo-hourclasswasduetobeginat10:00am,andendat12:00am.Onthefirstday,whentheprofessorarrivedontime,noonewasintheclassroom.Manystudentscameafter10:00am.Severalarrivedafter10:30am.Anothertwostudentscameafter11:00am.【R2】______Werethesestudentsbeingrude?Hedecidedtostudythestudents'behavior.TheprofessortalkedtotheAmericanandBrazilianstudentsaboutlatenessinbothaninformalandformalsituation:lunchwithafriend,andauniversityclass,respectively.【R3】______Iftheyhadalunchappointmentwithafriend,theaverageAmericanstudentdefinedlatenessas19minutesaftertheagreedtime.【R4】______InanAmericanuniversity,studentsareexpectedtoarriveattheappointedhour.【R5】______ClassesnotonlybeginatthescheduledtimeintheUnitedStates,buttheyalsoendatthescheduledtime.IntheBrazilianclass,onlyafewstudentslefttheclassatnoon,manyremainedpast12:30todiscusstheclassandaskmorequestions.WhilearrivinglatemaynotbeveryimportantinBrazil,neitherisstayinglate.【R6】______PeoplefromBrazilianandNorthAmericancultureshavedifferentfeelingsaboutlateness.InBrazil,thestudentsbelievethatapersonwhousuallyarriveslateisprobablymoresuccessfulthanapersonwhoisalwaysontime.【R7】______Consequently,ifaBrazilianislateforanappointmentwithaNorthAmerican,theAmericanmaymisinterpretthereasonforthelatenessandbecomeangry.Asaresultofhisstudy,theprofessorlearnedthattheBrazilianstudentswerenotbeingdisrespectfultohim.【R8】______Eventually,theprofessorwasabletoadapthisownbehaviortofeelcomfortableinthenewculture.A.Theexplanationforthesedifferencesiscomplicated.B.Hegavethemanexampleandaskedthemhowtheywouldreact.C.AnAmericanprofessordiscoveredthisdifferencewhileteachingaclassinaBrazilianuniversity.D.Althoughallthestudentsgreetedtheprofessorastheyarrived,fewapologizedfortheirlateness.E.IncontrastinBrazil,neithertheteachernorthestudentsalwaysarriveattheappointedhour.F.Ontheotherhand,theaverageBrazilianstudentfeltthefriendwaslateafter33minutes.GInstead,theyweresimplybehavingtheappropriatewayforaBrazilianstudentinBrazil.H.InfactBraziliansexpectapersonwithstatusofprestigetoarrivelate,whileintheUnitedStates,latenessisusuallyconsideredtobedisrespectfulandunacceptable.9、【R1】标准答案：C知识点解析：本文讲述了美国和巴西两个国家在守时方面的文化差异。首先作者指出守时在美国是很重要的规则，但是并非所有国家都是如此。那么空格处应该选C作为一个例子来说明这个现象，“一个美国教授到巴西教课发现了一些不同之处。”此句与下文中的巴西学生的上课情况也是相呼应的。所以C是贴切的选项。10、【R2】标准答案：D知识点解析：空格的上句提到学生们的迟到现象，下句选D符合题意，说明了学生们对此的反应，上下句衔接。11、【R3】标准答案：B知识点解析：第2段讲述了教授分别对美国和巴西学生在正式和非正式场合的时间观念作的一项研究。选项B符合题意。12、【R4】标准答案：F知识点解析：由于教授对美国和巴西学生分别做试验，上文中已经提到美国学生的态度，所以下文应该提到巴西学生的态度以呼应。选项F是正确的选项。13、【R5】标准答案：E知识点解析：上文提到美国学生上课一般按照约定的时间到达，那么空格处就应该对比说明巴西学生的情况。选项E以“incontrast”为连接词，对比了巴西学生的情况，符合题意。14、【R6】标准答案：A知识点解析：文章的最后一段解释了美国和巴西时间观念差别的原因。本段的首句应该选A：“造成这些差别的原因很复杂。”15、【R7】标准答案：H知识点解析：空格的前句提及美国和巴西对待迟到问题有文化差异。那么空格处应该分别说明二者的区别。选项H正好符合要求。16、【R8】标准答案：G知识点解析：文章的结尾处说明了教授经过一番调查后，对于学生上课迟到的认识：并非是他们不尊敬老师，“而是他们的行为是巴西学生所固有的”，选项G符合题意。Whatdowethinkofwhenweheartheword"business"?Someofusthinkofourjogs,othersofthemerchantstheydealwithasconsumers,andstillothersofthemillionsoffirmsthatmakeuptheworld'seconomy.【R1】______Businessprovidesthebulkofouremploymentaswellastheproductsweenjoy.Businessconsistsofallprofit-seekingactivitiesandenterprisesthatprovidegoodsandservicesnecessarytoaneconomicsystem.【R2】______Othersprovideservices,suchasinsurance,carrentals,andlodging.GermanfirmMunichRehasevenbuiltabilliondollarbusinessfromservingtheserviceindustry.【R3】______Businessistheeconomicpulseofanation,themeansthroughwhichsociety'sstandardoflivingimproves.Profitsareaprimarymechanismforaccomplishingthesegoals.Accountantsandbusinesspeopledefineprofitsasthedifferencebetweenacompany'srevenues(receipts)andexpenses(expenditures).【R4】______Justasimportantasprofitsarethesocialandethicalresponsibilitiesthatsuccessfulbusinessesmustmeet.【R5】______RobberD.Haas,chairmanandchiefexecutiveofficerofLeviStrauss&Company,says,"Acompany'svalues—whatitstandsfor,whatitspeoplebelievein—arecrucialtoitscompetitivesuccess.Indeed,valuesdrivethebusiness."HaasfeelssostronglyaboutthesocialresponsibilitiesofbusinessthathedraftedanAspirationsStatementforLeviStraussthatemphasizestheimportanceofaffirmingthebestofourcompany'straditions,closinggapsthatmayexistbetweenprinciplesandpractices,andupdatingsomeofourvaluestoreflectcontemporarycircumstances.【R6】______MostUSbusinesses,largeandsmall,belongtowhatiscalledtheprivateenterprisesystem,inwhichsuccessorfailureisdeterminedbyhowwelltheymatchandcountertheofferingsofcompetitors.【R7】______Salesandprofitsaretheyardsticksbywhichsuchacceptanceismeasured.Therehavebeenmanyfirmsthatwereoncesuccessfulbutfailedtocontinuesatisfyingconsumerdemands.【R8】______A.Competitionisthebattleamongbusinessesforconsumeracceptance.B.Thisbroad,all-inclusivetermcanbeappliedtomanykindsofenterprise.C.Somebusinessesproducetangiblegoodssuchasautomobiles,breakfastcereals,andcomputerchips.D.WewilldiscusssocialresponsibilityandbusinessethicsmorefullyinChapter4.E.Competitionassuresthat,overthelongrun,companiesthatsatisfyconsumerdemandswillbesuccessfulandthosethatdonotwillbereplaced.F.Itsbusinessisreinsurance:insuringinsurancecompaniessotheydonotgobrokefrombackingmajorcatastrophes.GProfitsarethefinancialrewardsreceivedbysuccessfulbusinesspeoplewhotaketherisksinvolvedinbusiness.H.Thismeanscompaniesmustberesponsibleintheirdealingswithemployees,consumers,suppliers,competitors,government,andthegeneralpubliciftheyaretosucceedinthelongrun.17、【R1】标准答案：B知识点解析：第1段阐述了人们对听到“商业”这个词时各种各样的反应，有人想到了工作，有人想到了商人，还有的人想到了公司。那么空格处选B最合适，其中“Thisbroad，all-inclusiveterm…(这个范围广泛、包罗万象的词……)”正好与前文相照应。18、【R2】标准答案：C知识点解析：第2段作者介绍了“商业”的含义。第1句指出：“商业包括一切寻求利润的活动和企业，这些活动和企业提供经济系统必需的商品和服务。”下文则分别阐述了“goods”和“services”。由空格处的下句的引导词“others”可以推出，空格处应该是由“some”引导的对有形物品的说明，所以C是正确选项。19、【R3】标准答案：F知识点解析：空格的前句举了一个提供无形服务的公司的例子：德国的MunichRe公司。那么空格处则可以具体说明它的服务内容。选项F符合题意，“itsbusiness”指代此公司的业务，上下文衔接。20、【R4】标准答案：G知识点解析：前文提到了利润是公司的收入和支出之间的差异。选项G：“利润是成功的商人得到的商业回报，这些商人承担了商业风险。”与上文呼应，是正确选项。21、【R5】标准答案：H知识点解析：前文指出，成功的商人除了追求利润之外，还要承担社会和道德责任。选项H：“这意味着：如果公司想长期成功，那么它们在对待其雇员、顾客、供应商、竞争对手、政府以及普通大众方面就必须负责任。”是对商人责任的进一步说明，是正确选项。22、【R6】标准答案：D知识点解析：因为第3段主要论述商人的社会责任以及道德，所以空格处选D：“我们将在第4章更全面地探讨社会责任和商业道德。”符合题意。23、【R7】标准答案：A知识点解析：文章第4段提到了企业的成功取决于其能否经受住竞争，那么此空格处应该选A：“竞争就是企业之间争夺消费者认可的斗争。”24、【R8】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格处的前句提到：“有很多的企业曾经满足了消费者的需求，但是没有持久下去。”所以下文应该提到长期满足消费者需求的必要性。由此可见，选项E正确，其中“…overthelongrun…(……从长远看来……)”与上文的“oncesuccessfulbutfailedtocontinue”相对应。BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷第3套一、第一部分(本题共24题，每题1.0分，共24分。)Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.【R1】______Butnotwoshowsaremoreprofoundlyoppositeincontent,whileatthesametimestandingoutabovetherest,thantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshow.JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingof"trashtalk".【R2】______Forexample,theshowtakestheever-commontalkshowthemesoflove,sex,cheating,guilt,hate,conflictandmoralitytoadifferentlevel.【R3】______LikeJerrySpringer,OprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoitsextreme,butOprahgoesintheoppositedirection.【R4】______Topicsrangefromteachingyourchildrenresponsibility,managingyourworkweek,togettingtoknowyourneighbors.ComparedwithOprah,theJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonouswastebeingdumpedonsociety.Jerryendseverwitha"finalword".【R5】______Hopefully,thisisthepartwheremostpeoplewilllearnsomethingveryvaluable.Cleanasitis,theOprahshowisnotforeveryone.【R6】______Mostofthesepeoplehavethetime,money,andstabilitytodealwithlife'stougherproblems.JerrySpringer,ontheotherhand,hasmoreofanassociationwiththeyoungadultsofsociety.【R7】______Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalueandlessonstobelearnedunderneaththeshow'sexploitation.Whilethetwoshowsareasdifferentasnightandday,bothhaveruledthetalkshowcircuitformanyyearsnow.【R8】______Ironically,bothcouldalsobeconsideredpioneersinthetalkshowworld.A.Hemakesasmallspeechthatsumsuptheentiremoraloftheshow.B.Theshowfocusesontheimprovementofsocietyandanindividual'squalityoflife.C.Theshow'smaintargetaudiencearemiddle-classAmericans.D.Eachonecaterstoadifferentaudiencewhilebothhaveastrongfollowingfromlargegroupsoffans.E.Thetopicsonhisshowareasshockingasshockingcanbe.F.Theseare18to20yearsoldwhosemaintroublesinlifeinvolveloverelationship,sex,moneyandpeers.GAndanyonewhowatchesthemregularlyknowsthateachonevariesinstyleandformat.HClearly,theJerrySpringershowisadisplayandexploitationofsociety'smoralcatastrophe,yetpeoplearewillingtoeatuptheintriguingpredicamentsofotherpeople'slives.1、【R1】标准答案：G知识点解析：文章开头一句意为：“在娱乐界，各种电视脱口秀在白天电视节目中无所不在。”句G中的“them”就是指这些脱口秀节目，因为各种脱口秀节目太多了，所以经常看的人就会对每个节目的风格及形式有所了解。2、【R2】标准答案：E知识点解析：文章的第2段主要是关于脱口秀主持人JerrySpringer的。第1句提出JerrySpringer很容易被认为是垃圾谈话节目之王，第3句以举例的形式指出他的谈话节目从不同的角度讨论最常见的话题，也就是说Jerry的节目与众不同。句E也说明Jerry的节目超出一般人的预想。因此选E。3、【R3】标准答案：H知识点解析：句H道出了Jerry节目的实质，是总结性的句子，因此为正确选项。4、【R4】标准答案：B知识点解析：第3段主要是关于另一个脱口秀主持人Oprah的，句B介绍Oprah节目的主要话题，后句提到一些话题，与之相对应，因此B正确。5、【R5】标准答案：A知识点解析：本段提到Jerry节目的一个特点，即用一个“finalword”结尾，句A是对finalword作的解释，即对整个节目做的总结。因此A正确。6、【R6】标准答案：C知识点解析：本段开头提出，Oprah的节目不是面对每一位观众的，也就是说只是面对一部分观众。句C指出了Oprah的目标观众主要是中产阶级的美国人，从语义上与第1句紧密连接，因此选C。7、【R7】标准答案：F知识点解析：本段又提到了Jerry的目标观众是年轻的成人。句F中的“these”指前句中的“youngadultsofsociety”。因为18～20岁的人正是年轻的成人，句F介绍了这一部分人在生活中的主要问题。因为有了问题，所以他们想要在节目中寻找答案，句F又与最后一句密切相关，因此选F。8、【R8】标准答案：D知识点解析：本段提出Oprah与Jerry的节目截然不同，句D是截然不同的根本原因，因为目标观众不同，节目内容、风格肯定也不会相同，因此D为正确选项。Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.【R1】______Theyhavebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.【R2】______Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultoawoman.【R3】______Theireffortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones.【R4】______Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.【R5】______Anattractivewomanisperceivedtobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculinethanthelessattractiveones.Thus,anattractivewomanhasadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs.【R6】______Thisistrueeveninpolitics."Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks,peopletreatmenandwomendifferently,"saysAnneBowman,whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.【R7】______Sheasked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs,inorderofattractiveness,onegroupofmenandonegroupofwomen.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain,intheordertheyvoteforthem.Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen.【R8】______A.Butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthemasculinequalitiesrequired.B.Shedidasurveyamongcollegestudents.C.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealth