山东省2025届高三英语一轮复习联考试题四含解析

PAGE1-山东省2025届高三英语一轮复习联考试题（四）（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atdinnertime. B.Atlunchtime. C.Atbreakfasttime.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?M：No，thanks.Thepancakesandbaconhereareverytasty.Agoodstartoftheday.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’sthemandoing?A.Enjoyingmusic. B.Cleaningtheroom. C.Writingapaper.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：Writingthepapersintheroommakeseverybodytiredout.M：Yeah，itdoes.That’swhyIcameheretolistentosomemusic.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemanpayforthejewelry?A.$30. B.$27. C.$24.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Hello.Doyoulikethisjewelry?Imademostoftheseitemsmyself.Andthey’reonspecialsalethesedays.Youcanhavethegreenat10％offtheregularpriceof$30.M：It’snice，butstilltooexpensive.Canyougivemea20％discount?W：That’sadeal.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanthinkhelooksdifferentnow?A.Becausehelostweight. B.Becausehegotolder. C.Becausehehadahaircut.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：YourphotoIDdoesn’tlooklikeyou.M：That’sbecauseI’velosttenkilossinceitwastaken.W：Oh!Ithoughtitwasyourhaircutthatmadeyoulookdifferent.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customerandrepairman.B.Policemananddriver.C.Employerandemployee.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M：Madam，I’mgoingtoletyouoffwithawarningthistime.Butyouneedtogetyourcarwindowfixed.Nexttime，Iwillhavetogiveyouaticket.W：Oh，thankyou，officer.Ipromiseitwon’thappenagain.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whichpartofthenewdesigndoesthewomanlike?A.Theredwalls. B.Thediningroom. C.Thenewfloor.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Haveameal. B.Repairthepiano. C.Listentolivemusic.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W：It’sjustlikeoldtimes.Theplacelooksreallydifferent.M：Theygaveitanewlook.Whatdoyouthink?W：Theblackandwhitefloorisreallynice.ButImissthepianobythefrontentrance.M：ThepianoisstillhereTheygotitrepairedandmoveditintothediningroom.There’sajazzperformanceeverySaturdaynow.W：Oh，cool!We’11havetocomeback.IhavetosayIlovetheolddesign，withtheredwalls.Andlivemusicisagreataddition.M：Let’sseeifthefoodisjustasgoodnowasitwasthen.Whatareyougoingtoorder.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday. B.Thursday. C.Wednesday.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.$780. B.$520. C.$260.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M：Excuseme，madam.ArethereplaneticketstoDetroitthedayaftertomorrow，Imean，-thisFriday?W：Justamoment，sir.Well，sorry，therearen’tanydirectflightsavailablethatday.M：HowaboutSaturdaythen?W：Yes，thereare.Howwouldyouliketogo，firstclassorcoach?M：Coachwouldbefine.What’sthefare?W：Itis260dollarsoneticket.M：Whenwilltheflightputmethere?W：AtsixonSundaymorningM：Allright，I’11takethree.Thankyou.What’stheflightnumber?W：Itis301atGateTwo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhydoesthewomangotoNewYork?A.Towriteabook. B.Tohaveameeting. C.Toseeherfriends.11.Whatwillthewomanbuyfortheman?A.Localsnacks. B.Awoolenscarf. C.AbookaboutChina.12.Whowillgotomeetthewomanattheairport?A.Themanhimself. B.Theman’swife. C.Theman’sdriver.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Tomspeaking.W:Tom,thisisLily.IwillcometoNewYorknextFriday!M:Really?YoukeeptellingusyouarereallybusywithyourbusinessandwritingabookaboutChina.Nowsuddenlyyougetfreetimetotravel!W:UnfortunatelyIamstillbusy.ActuallyI’llbetherebecauseIhavetoattendabusinessconferenceinNewYork.M:Anyhow,atleastwecanmeetagain.W:Yes.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforages.Butdon’tworry.Icanstillrememberwhatyourfavoritefoodis.Iwilltakesomelocalsnacksforyouandawoolenscarfforyourwife.M:Thankyouverymuch!She’llloveit.Letmeknowyourarrivaltimeandmydriverwillpickyouupattheairport.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemanmajorin?A.English. B.Internationalrelations. C.Publicrelations.14.Whatdoesthemanwanttoimproveespecially?A.Englishwriting. B.Englishgrammar. C.SpokenEnglish.15.Whatisdifficultforthewoman?A.Chinesecharacters. B.Chinesepronunciation. C.Englishpronunciation.16.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends. B.Classmates. C.Strangers.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,doyoustudyChineseatthisuniversity?W:Yes.Butmycharactersareverybad.M:IttakesalongtimetolearnChinesewritingW:AreyouChinesebybirth?M:Yes.IamfromGuangzhou.Iamheretostudyinternationalrelations.W:Howdoyoulikeyourmajor?M:Ilikeitverymuch.ButmyEnglishstillneedsimprovement,especiallymywriting.W:Well,IstudyChineseandpublicrelationshere.AndIamveryseriousaboutlearningChinese.Butformethehardpartnowispronunciation.YouhavethefourtonesinChinese.Itisveryhard.Ifyouhavetime,maybewecoulddoalanguageexchange.M:Thatsoundsgood.Wecansettlethedetailstomorrow.Thisismyaddressandphonenumber.W:I’11giveyouminetoo.ButI’msorry.Ihavetoleavenow.Goodbye.M:Goodbye.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhoisJoeBrown?A.Anorganizer. B.Aguide. C.Adirector.18.WhatcanpeopleseeintheEntranceHall?A.Modelsofthedinosaurs.B.Guidebooksandpostcards.C.Paintingsofflowersandplants.19.Whereisthetheatre?A.Upstairsontheleft. B.Upstairsontheright. C.NexttotheEntranceHall.20.Howlongdoesthefilmlast?A.35minutes. B.45minutes. C.55minutes.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】M:GoodmorningeveryoneandwelcometotheMuseumofNaturalHistory.I’mJoeBrown.Beforeyoutakealookaround,letmetellyousomeofthethingswehavehereforyou.HereintheEntranceHall,youcanseesomewonderfulpaintingsofflowersandplantsfromallovertheworld.Upstairsontheleftisourfamousanimalexhibition.Youcanseethemodelsofyourfavoritedinosaursandanimalssuchasthedodo.Ontheright,thereisasmalltheatrewhereyoucanwatcha45-minutefilmaboutwhatourplanetlookedlikemillionsofyearsago.Iadviseallofyoutowatchit.Anddon’tforgettovisitourshopbeforeyouleave.TherearesomewonderfulmodelsofanimalsandyoucanbuyT-shirts,postcardsandlotsmore!Youcanalsobuyaguidebookintheshopandthatcostsjustonepound!We’llcloseat5:50P.m,soyou’vegotlotsoftimetoenjoyyourselves.Nowwithoutfurtherdelay,let’sgo.其次部分阅读(共2节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWHOLooksforInternsTheWorldHealthOrganization’sInternshipProgramoffersawiderangeofopportunitiesforgraduateandpostgraduatestudentstogaininsightinthetechnicalandadministrativeprogramsofWHOwhileenrichingtheirknowledgeandexperienceinthehealthfield.Whoarewelookingfor?-Youareatleasttwentyyearsofageonthedateofapplication.-Youareenrolled(注册)inorhavecompletedthreeyearsoffull-timestudiesatauniversityoranequivalent(同等学力的)institution.Applicantswhohavealreadygraduatedmayalsoqualifyforconsiderationiftheyapplytotheinternshipwithinsixmonthsaftercompletionoftheirformalqualification.-Youpossessafirstdegreeinapublichealth，medicalorsocialfieldrelatedtothetechnicalworkofWHOoradegreeinamanagement-relatedfield.-YouarenotrelatedtoaWHOstaffmember(e.g.，son／daughter，brother／sister，ormother／father).-Youarefluentatleastinoneoftheworkinglanguagesoftheofficeofassignment.-YouhavenotpreviouslyparticipatedinWHO’sInternshipProgram.-YouholdavalidpassportfromaWHOMemberState.Howtoapply?Allapplicationsshouldbemadeforthevacancies(职位空缺)postedontheWHOCareerssiteusingtheWHOcorporaterecruitmentsystem(Stellis).Don’tmisstheApplicationdeadlines!September1—October15，2024foraninternshipstartingJanuary1—June30，2024January10—February25，2024foraninternshipstartingJuly1—December31，2024ByDecember1，WHOwminforma11selectedcandidateswhoappliedinSeptemberandOctober.IfyouhavenotreceivedanymessagefromWHObyDecember12024，itmeansthatyouhavenotbeenselected.ForcandidateswhoappliedinJanuaryandFebruary2024，noinformationbyApril152024meansthatyouhavenotbeenselected.Youmayapplyagainifyouarestillinterested.21.StudentswithafirstdegreeinthefollowingfieldsarequalifiedEXCEPT______.A.management B.publichealthC.clinicalmedicine D.computing22.Howshouldstudentsmaketheapplication?A.ByemailingaresumetotheWHO.B.ByusingStellisontheWHOCareerssite.C.Byparticipatinginacampusrecruitmentevent.D.Byvisitingalocalcareerinformationwebsite.23.Acandidatecanapplyfortheinternshipinthesecondhalfof2024on____.A.October10，2024 B.February1，2024C.December1，2024 D.April15，2024【答案】21.D22.B23.B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。WHO聘请实习生。文章介绍了聘请实习生的具体要求和如何申请职位。【21题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“Youpossessafirstdegreeinapublichealth，medicalorsocialfieldrelatedtothetechnicalworkofWHOoradegreeinamanagement-relatedfield.”（你须要拥有公共健康，医学或涉及WHO的技术工作社会领域的学士学位，或涉及管理领域的学士学位。）可知WHO须要的实习生应具有管理学士学位，公共健康学士学位或临床医学学士学位。而不是信息处理技术，故选D项。【22题详解】细微环节理解题。“Allapplicationsshouldbemadeforthevacancies(职位空缺)postedontheWHOCareerssiteusingtheWHOcorporaterecruitmentsystem(Stellis).”（全部的申请都应当登录WHO职业网站，运用WHO公司的聘请系统，申请空缺的职位）所以想要申请实习职位应当要登录WHO的网站，运用WHO公司的聘请系统，故选B项。【23题详解】推理推断题。依据secondhalfof2024（2024年下半年）找原文“January10—February25，2024foraninternshipstartingJuly1—December31，2020”（2020年1月10日-2020年2月25日可以申请2020年7月1日-2020年12月31日的实习。）可知，应聘者应在2020年1月10日-2020年2月25日期间找2024年下半年的实习，故选BBLastyear，myoldestsonMatthewwentofftocollege.Thingsathomewerenotas“busy”astheyusedtobe.Westillhadour15-year-oldsonGabrielwithus，butwemissedhavingMatthewaround.Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea.“Let’sgetadog.”shesuggested.Iwasn’texactlythrilledwiththeidea，butIagreed.Imean，whatbetterwaytoreplaceakidthathasgoneofftocollegethantogetadog.Whenwegottotheanimalshelter，itseemedlikeeverydogwasapitbull(比特犬).I'dhadmanybadexperienceswithpitbullsasachild，soIdidn’twanttotakeoneofthemhomewithme.WhileIwalkedalongtherowsandrowsofcoldmetalcages，adogcaughtmyeye.Hewasscared，andlookedlikehe’dgivenuponlife.Therewasonlyoneproblem：hewasapitbull.Ashelookedatmewithhisbig，beautifuleyes，Icouldseeintohissoul.Icouldseehowscaredhewasandthathejustwantedahappylife.Icouldn’tjustwalkaway—Ihadtoatleastgooverandlookathim.Iapproachedhiscage，andhejustsatthere，lookingatme.Istuckmyfingerthroughtheholeinthecageandpettedhimonthehead.Iexpectedhimtogetmad，buthedidn’t.Iknewthatthisdoghadneverfeltlovebefore，andthathewasenjoyingeverybitoftheloveIcouldgivehiminthatmoment.TearsbegantostreamdownmyfacebecauseIfelteverythingthatthispoorcreaturewasfeelingrightthen.Hejustwantedtobeloved；hejustwantedahomeandafamily.It’sbeenayearsincewetookthedoghome，andourliveshavebeenchangedforever.Now，hisfavoritethingtodoisgiveuskisseswithhisgianttongueeverymorning.Heisalwaystheretogreetuswhenwecomehomewithahugesmile.He’sshownusmorelovethananyotherlivingcreatureonEartheverhadbefore.AndeverytimeIlookintohiseyesIseelove，compassion(怜悯)andgratitude—thingsIneverthoughtthatapitbullwascapableoffeeling.24.Whydidtheauthor’swifewanttogetadog?A.Becauseshelikespitpull.B.Becauseshethoughtitwasacrazyidea.C.Becauseshewantedthedogtoreplaceherkid.D.Becausetheirkidwenttocollege.25.Whichwordhasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“thrilled”?A.Accepted. B.Excited.C.Frightened. D.Delighted.26.Whatwastheauthorandhiswife’slifelikewiththepitbull?A.TheymissedhavingMatthewaroundevenmore.B.Theyfoundithardtogetalongwithhim.C.Theylivedalifefulloflove.D.Theyregrettedadoptinghim.27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toshareawarmstoryaboutadoptingapet.B.Tostressthebenefitsofkeepingapet.C.Tosuggestpeoplekeepapetoftheirown.D.Togiveadviceonhowtokeepapet.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一对夫妻在大儿子上高校之后为了排解孩子不在身边的孤独而萌生了养狗的想法。而后发觉养狗之后家庭生活发生的变更。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。结合第一段“Lastyear，myoldestsonMatthewwentofftocollege.Thingsathomewerenotas“busy”astheyusedtobe.Westillhadour15-year-oldsonGabrielwithus，butwemissedhavingMatthewaround.”（去年，我的大儿子Matthew去上高校了。家里的事情不像以前那么忙了。我们还有15岁的儿子Gabriel在身边，但我们怀念Matthew在身边的日子。）其次段开头“Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea.“Let’sgetadog.”shesuggested.”（我妻子很快有了一个疯狂的想法，她建议我们养条狗。）可知，去年大儿子上高校后，生活没有那么劳碌，也很思念自己的孩子，妻子才有了这个“疯狂”的想法。故选D。2.词义揣测题。结合上文中“Mywifesoonhadacrazyidea.”（我的妻子很快有了个疯狂的想法）及下文“butIagreed.”（但是我同意了），可知，虽然我不完全对妻子的这个想法感到兴奋，满足，但还是接受了。所以此处该词意义为：兴奋，兴奋。。选项B符合文意。故选B。3.推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“It’sbeenayearsincewetookthedoghome，andourliveshavebeenchangedforever.”（我们把狗带回家已经一年了，我们的生活已经彻底变更了。），最终一段中“He’sshownusmorelovethananyotherlivingcreatureonEartheverhadbefore.”（他赐予我们的爱，比地球上任何生物都要多。）可以推断，作者家的生活自从有了这条狗以后，发生了变更，他们家庭感受到了前所未有的爱。故选C。4.推理推断题。纵观全文，文章起先，作者描述从儿子上高校后妻子突发奇想去养狗，作者虽然没有像妻子那么狂热，但还是同意养狗。之后作者和妻子去买狗，虽然作者本人对这种狗（斗牛犬）有不好的印象，但是看着这只渴望被爱的斗牛犬，最终确定带它到家里。后来家庭生活发生了变更，感受到了很多爱。所以全文是想向大家讲解并描述一个养狗的暖心的故事。选项A符合文意。故选A。CRoamingthemoonThemoonmayshinewhiteaboveusmostnightsoftheyear，buthowmuchdoweknowaboutEarth’sneighborandwhatliesbeneathitssurface?Scientistsareaimingtofindout.OnJan3.2024.China’sChang’e4spacecraftlandedonthefarsideofthemoon—afirstforhumanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe(探测器)，Yutu2，orJadeRabbit2，whichbegantosearchbeneaththemoon’ssurfaceusingLunarPenetratingRadar(探测雷达).Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground，threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon，ChinaDailyreported.InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances，researchersfoundthatthelunarsoil’stoplayeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpected—about40meters.Otherscientistsonlyexpectedabout6millimetersofsoilbasedonNASAobservationsduringtheApollomoonlandings，accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.“It’safine，dusty，sandyenvironment，”saidoneoftheauthorsofthestudy，ElenaPettinelli，aphysicsandmathematicsprofessoratRomeTreUniversity，Rome.Yutu2isspecificallyexploringtheVonKarmancrater，alargeholethatis180kilometerswideandalsothelandingsiteofChang’e4.It’spartofanevenlarger，oldercraterspanningmorethan1，770kilometers.“ThesubsurfaceattheChang’e4landingsiteisverycomplex，”saidLiChunlai，aresearchprofessoranddeputydirector-generalofNationalAstronomicalObservatoriesoftheChineseAcademyofscience“ObservationssuggestthatthesurfacematerialistotallydifferentthanthepreviouslandingsiteofChang’e3.”shesaid.Radarwavesrevealedvariouslayersbeneaththemoon’ssurface：Grainy(颗粒状的)material，rocks，andfurtherlayersoffineandroughparticles.Thisinformationishelpingscientiststogainnewunderstandingofthemoon’shistoryandformation，aswellasvolcanicactivityandlunarimpacts.Yutu2isthelongest-workingrover(巡察器)onthemoon，butitwon’tlastforever.ChinaplanstolaunchtheChang’e5probelaterthisyear，XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.ThespacecraftisexpectedtobringpiecesofthemoonbacktoEarthforcloserstudy.28.WhatdoweknowabouttheChang’e4probe?A.Itwasthefirsttolandonthemoon’snearside.B.Itssignalscouldreach40metersbeneaththemoon’ssurface.C.ItisthreetimesaslargeastheChang’e3lunarprobe.D.Itexploredareasaswideas1，770kilometers.29.Whatdoesthelunarsoil’stop1ayeronthemoon’sfarsidelooklikeaccordingtothetext?A.Itlookslikeafine，tinyandsandyenvironment.B.Itisabout180millimeterswide.C.Itgoesfartherdownthanexpected.D.Itiscoveredbyhugerocksandfineandroughparticles.30.WhatmaytheChang’e5probebeexpectedtodo?A.ExploretheVonKarmancrater. B.ReplaceYutu2toexplorethemoon.C.ReleaseYutu2. D.BringlunarsamplesbacktotheEarth.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AreportontheChang’e4probe’sfindings.B.AcomparisonoftheChang’e3and4probes.C.AhistoryofChineselunarmissions.D.HowYutu2exploredbeneaththemoon’ssurface.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇科技说明文。2019年1月3日，中国“嫦娥四号”飞船登陆月球背面，这是人类首次登陆月球背面。它释放了一个名为“玉兔2号”的小型探测器，起先运用探月雷达在月球表面下搜寻。文章主要是关于嫦娥四号探测器发觉的报告，文章就月球上的环境进行了说明，还介绍了此次探测的一些发觉。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.”可知据《中国日报》报道，这些无线电信号可以到达地下40米，是2013年放射的嫦娥三号月球探测器深度的三倍。由此可知，嫦娥四号探测器的信号可以到达月球表面下40米。故选B。2.细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,researchersfoundthatthelunarsoil’stoplayeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpected–about40meters.”可知在一项发表在《科学进展》杂志上的探讨中，探讨人员发觉月球背面的表层土壤比预期的要厚大约40米。由此可知，月球远侧的表层土壤比预期的更深。故选C。3.推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Yutu2isthelongest-workingroveronthemoon,butitwon’tlastforever.ChinaplanstolaunchtheChang’e5probelaterthisyear,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.ThespacecraftisexpectedtobringpiecesofthemoonbacktoEarthforcloserstudy.”可知“玉兔2号”是月球上工作时间最长的月球车，但它不会恒久运用下去。据新华社报道，中国安排在今年晚些时候放射嫦娥5号探测器。宇宙飞船预料将把月球的碎片带回地球，进行更深化的探讨。由此可推知，嫦娥5号探测器预料将把月球的碎片带回地球取代玉兔2号去探究月球。故选D。4.主旨大意题。依据其次段“OnJan3,2024,China’sChang’e4spacecraftlandedonthefarsideofthemoon–afirstforhumanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe,Yutu2,orJadeRabbit2,whichbegantosearchbeneaththemoon’ssurfaceusingLunarPenetratingRadar.Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.”可知2019年1月3日，中国“嫦娥四号”飞船登陆月球背面，这是人类首次登陆月球背面。它释放了一个名为“玉兔2号”的小型探测器，起先运用探月雷达在月球表面下搜寻。据《中国日报》报道，这些无线电信号可以到达地下40米，是2013年放射的嫦娥三号月球探测器深度的三倍。结合文章主要是关于嫦娥四号探测器发觉的报告，文章就月球上的环境进行了说明，还介绍了此次探测的一些发觉。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是关于嫦娥四号探测器发觉的报告。故选A。DBattlingPerfectionismWhenBenjaminCherkasywasineighthgrade，hequittheswimteam.Itwasnotbecausehelackedthepassion；hejustcouldn’tacceptfailuresinmatches.“I’mnotMichaelPhelps，whyamIevenontheteam?”hesaid.AUStherapist(治疗专家)whoresearchesperfectionismatNorthwesternUniversityrealizedyearslaterwhathadhappened.Cherkasy’sperfectionismwascreatingunrealisticstandards.Unabletomeetthem，hequit.“Myperfectionismbroughtaboutveryhighexpectations，andthatcausedrealsuffering，”hesaid.Cherkasyisnotaloneinfeelingthatperfectionismcancauseanxiety.Somanymillennials(千禧一代)sufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthatpsychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsareemphasizingtheneedtoacceptfailure.Northwesternhadheldseveralseminarsthatofferedtipsonhowstudentscoulddealwithaperfectionismproblem.JessicaRohlfingPryor，apsychologistleadingtheevents，saideverygenerationisasponge(海绵)forthemessagesitreceives.“Millennials，morethananyothergenerationinAmericansociety，arereceivingclearmessagesaroundachieving.”shesaid.“There’sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestisstillOK.”TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationalsofoundoutthatrecentgenerationsofcollegestudentshavereportedhigherlevelsofperfectionismthanearliergenerations.This“desiretoachievealongwithbeingoverlycriticalofoneselfandothers”affectsyoungpeople’smentalhealth，accordingtoitsresearch，whichanalyzeddatafromover40，000collegestudents.Researchersnotedthatsocialmediaaddscomparativepressure，alongwiththedrivetoearnmoneyandachievecareergoals.Perfectionistsoftencreateevenhighergoals，whichcanleadtoahigherriskoffailure.Incollege，Cherkasyfoundhimselfsurroundedbysomanyintelligentpeoplethathefeltheshouldhavebeenachievingahigherlevelthanhewas.“Itmakesyoufeelkindofcrazy，”hesaid.Thistypeofthinkingcanleadpeopletoputtinginlesseffort，which，astheyfallbehind，cancreatemoreanxiety“Itmakespeoplefeelkindofisolated.”Andthat，Cherkasyadded，”cancausestudentstodriftawayfrom(与…疏离)theirschoo1.”Northwesternisnottheonlyschooleagertohelpstudents.BrownUniversityincludesperfectionisminitscounselingservices，askingstudentsiftheyeverfeelthatwhattheyaccomplishisn’tgoodenough.32.WhydidCherkasyleavetheswimteamineighthgrade?A.Hecouldn’treachthegoalhesetforhimself.B.Healwaysdidpoorlyinswimmingcompetitions.C.Heneededmoretimetostudy.D.Hefoundhedidn’thaveanypassionforswimming.33.WhichofthefollowingwouldPryorprobablynotagreewith?A.Younggenerationsshouldlearntoacceptfailure.B.Youngpeopleshouldacceptbeingimperfectofthemselves.C.Individualsandsocietywillbenefitfromperfectionism.D.Millennialsareeagertoworkhardtogetperfection.34.WhatdidtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdiscover?A.Socialmediausersweremorelikelytobeperfectionists.B.Perfectionismcouldhaveanegativeimpactonphysicalhealth.C.Collegestudentssuffermoreperfectionismproblemsthanever.D.Fewuniversitiesofferedhelptostudentswithmentalproblems.35.TheauthordescribesCherkasy’sexperienceincollegemainlytoshow____.A.thepressurecollegestudentsexperienceB.theharmofbeingaperfectionistC.theeffectofisolationonperfectionistsD.thechallengesunderachievershavetoovercome【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白如今最近几代高校生的完备主义程度比前几代人更高，以至于心理学家都在发出警告，学校也在强调接受失败的必要性这一社会现象。这种“追求成就的欲望以及对自己和他人的过度苛责”影响了年轻人的心理健康。文章说明白导致这一问题的缘由和完备主义者的危害。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“Itwasn’tbecausehelackedthepassion;hejustcouldn’tacceptfailuresinmatches.“I’mnotMichaelPhelps,whyamIevenontheteam?”hesaid.”可知，这并不是因为他缺乏激情；他就是不能接受竞赛中的失败。“我不是MichaelPhelps，为什么我还在队里?”他说。由此可知，Cherkasky在八年级时退出游泳队是因为他无法达到自己设定的目标。故选A。2.推理推断题。结合上文第四段中“Somanymillennialssufferfromtheillsofperfectionismthatpsychologistsareissuingwarningsandschoolsareemphasizingtheneedtoacceptfailure.”（很多千禧一代患有完备主义的病症，心理学家发出警告，学校强调接受失败的必要性。）可知，很多千禧一代患有完备主义的病症，他们渴望自己变得完备，同时年轻人应当学会接受失败，第七段中“There’sanabsenceofmessagingthattryingyourhardestisstillOK.”可知“没有传达出这样的信息：尽最大努力就可以了。由此推断出，Pryor不同意个人和社会将受益于完备主义。故选C。3.细微环节理解题。依据第八段“TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationalsofoundoutthatrecentgenerationsofcollegestudentshavereportedhigherlevelsofperfectionismthanearliergenerations.”可知美国心理协会还发觉，最近几代高校生的完备主义程度比前几代人更高。由此可知，高校生比以往遭遇更多的完备主义问题之苦。故选C。4.推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中“Thistypeofthinkingcanleadpeopletoputtinginlesseffort,which,astheyfallbehind,cancreatemoreanxiety.“Itmakespeoplefeelkindofisolated.”Cherkaskyadded,“Andthatcancausestudentstodriftawayfromtheirschool”.”可知这种思维方式会导致人们付出更少的努力，而当他们落后时，就会产生更多的焦虑。“这让人们感到有点孤立”。Cherkasky补充说，“这可能会导致学生离开学校。”由此可推知，作者描述Cherkasky的高校经验主要是为了展示完备主义者的危害。故选B。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文中的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“I’msayinggoodbye”：MariaSharapovaretiresfromtennis“Tennis-I’msayinggoodbye.”___36___“Howdoyouleavebehindtheonlylifeyou’veeverknown?”sheaskedherself.___37___Overthelastcoupleofyears，she’sdealtwithaninjuryinherrightshoulderandinflammation(炎症)inherforearmsthatmayhavepreventedherfromreturningtotopform.Inmorerecentnews，thedeathofherlongtimefriend，USbasketballlegendKobeBryant，alsoplayedafactorinherdecisiontoretire.“AsIthinkyou’veseenthroughoutmycareer，myperseverancehasbeenmygreatesttool，mygreateststrength.”Sharapovasaidinaninterview.“ButI'vestartedfeelinglikeitwasbecomingaweakness.___38___”Sharapovarosetostardomatage17whenshewonWimbledonin2004.ShewonatotaloffourGrandSlamsinglestitles：the2006USOpen，the2008AustralianOpen，andthe2012and2014FrenchOpen.ShealsoearnedtheFedCuptitleinRussiain2008andanOlympicsilvermedalinsinglesin2012，amongmanyotheraccomplishments.For16straightyearsfrom2004，Sharapovawastheworld’shighest-earningfemaleathlete，accordingtoForbes.Offthecourt，shemademillionsofdollarsfromcompaniessuchasEvianandNike，aswellasstartingherowncandycompany.“___39___”SharapovawroteonFacebookonFeb26，alongsideaphotoofherselfasayounggirlwithatennisracquet(球).“It’showItestedmyselfandhowImeasuredmygrowth.___40___I’11stillbepushing.I’11stillbeclimbing.I’11stillbegrowing.”A.AlthoughIhaveleftthetennisworldwhereIachievedsomuch，B.MariaSharapovahasleftthetenniscourtforsomereasons.C.Tennisshowedmetheworld—anditshowedmewhatIwasmadeof.D.AndsoinwhateverImightchooseformynextchapter，mynextmountainE.Withthesewords，RussiantennissuperstarMariaSharapova，32，hasannouncedherretirement.F.becausethestubbornnessthatwaskeepingmegoingwaskeepingmegoingforwrongreasons.G.SeveralreasonsplayedaroleinSharapovaleavingthetenniscourtforgood.【答案】36.E37.G38.F39.C40.D【解析】本篇属于记叙文。文章主要叙述网球运动员莎拉波娃退役的相关状况。【36题详解】依据空前“Tennis-I’msayinggoodbye.”（）得知，这是莎拉波娃说的话，选项中“thesewords（这些话）”和”announce（宣布）”对应前面那句话“Tennis-I’msayinggoodbye（网球我要说再见）”故选E项。【37题详解】G项的内容“莎拉波娃离开网球场有几个缘由。”既是对前一句“Howdoyouleavebehindtheonlylifeyou’veeverknown?（你怎么能丢下你唯一熟识的生活?）”的回答，也是对下文中讲解并描述沙拉波娃退役的各项缘由的概括，起到了承上启下的作用，故选G项。【38题详解】依据前文“myperseverancehasbeenmygreatesttool，mygreateststrength.（我的毅力始终是我最大的工具，最大的力气。）”和“ButI'vestartedfeelinglikeitwasbecomingaweakness.（但我起先觉得这成了我的弱点。）”可知，她的坚持是始终支撑她接着的力气源泉，同时也是她的一个弱点。而F项的缘由状语从句恰恰说明白这一缘由，故选F项。【39题详解】依据后文“alongsideaphotoofherselfasayo