高考英语二轮复习定语从句（2）课件-（33张）

定语从句（下篇）1.定语从句定义和结构★2.如何选用关系词？如何使用“介词+关系代词”？3.非限制性定语从句

变身：whose/whom变形规则：Who

人Whose

人或物Whom

人(宾格)原句：俺喜欢那个山东老乡。分：1：俺喜欢那个人。Iliketheman.2：那个人老家是山东。Theman’shometownisShandong.合：Ilikethemantheman’shometownisShandong.去：IlikethemanwhosehometownisShandong.原句：我有一个屋顶是红色的房子。分：1：我有一个房子。Ihaveahouse.2：房子的屋顶是红色。Ahouse’sroofisred.合：Ihaveahouseahouse’sroof

isred.去：Ihaveahousewhoseroof

isred.指物时，Whose引导的从句可转换为“of+关系代词”whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich

Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,__________facessouth.whose的转换形式Theclassroomwhose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.改：Theclassroom,thedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.原句：吴磊正是那个我想去见的男孩。分：1：吴磊正是那个男孩。WuLeiisjusttheboy.2：我想去见的男孩。Iwanttoseetheboy.合：WuLeiisjusttheboyIwanttoseetheboy.去：WuLeiisjusttheboyIwanttoseewhom.WuLeiisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.who(宾格)=whom★whom前面有介词的时候，不能用who替换。我知道那个你给他书的男孩。Iknowtheboytowhom

yougiveyourbook.that跟谁都可以组cp先行词：人或物，从句成分：主语或宾语（作宾语时常可省略）which=thatwho

=

that

什么时候只能用that?1.先行词被最高级级、序数词、theonly/very/same/last

everything,anything,nothing、all,little,any,no所

修饰时修饰时Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl(that)Ihaveeverseen.Sheisthefirstgirl(that)Iloved.Sheistheonlygirl(that)Iloved.Thisistheverygirl(that)Ilike.

All(that)

youwantarehere.Thereisnopersonthatdoesn’tmakemistakes.

Icouldunderstand

everything

(that)shesaid.2.当出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时.

Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandcountriesthatwehavevisited.强调！强调！强调！限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句A.限制性定语从句:形式上不用“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，

如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。B.非限制性定语从句:形式上用“，”与主句隔开。意义上只是对先行词的补充说明，

如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。

通常译成主句的并列句。 1.Herbrotherwho

isnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.Herbrother,who

isnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。I

lovemygirlfriend,whoisgoodto

me.

我爱我的女朋友，她对我很好。Ilovemygirlfriendwhoisgoodto

me.我爱那个对我很好的女朋友。

什么时候只能用which?1.引导非限制性定语从句2.代表整个句子的意思Hehadpassedthemathexam,whichmadehisfatherveryhappy.3.介词+关系代词Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.4.先行词后面有插入语时，只用which，不用that。HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI'vetoldyou,willhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.Thestudentissoclever

inthat

hewonthefirstinthematch.Hedidnotlovemeforevenoneday,thatmademesad.介词后面不能接that非限定性定语从句不能用thatTomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine

(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine

forwhichyouasked.先行词：人或物，从句成分：主语或宾语such+名词+assuch（pron.)+asthesame+名词+asHeissuchaperson

asisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.ThisbookisnotsuchasIexpect.

as注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。Sheworethesamedressthat

sheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressas

heryoungersisterwore.as和which引导的非限制性定语从句相同之处：1.都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。

Hemarriedher,as/which

wasnatural.

Heishonest,as/which

wecansee.不同之处：2.位置

as可以放在主句之前、后，甚至可以分割主句。另外，as“正如、正像”which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。Heisfromthesouth,as

wecanknowfromhisaccent.John,as

youknow,isafamouswriter.ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,which

Idon’tbelieve.As

isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.3.因果关系，往往只用which。Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,which

madehisteacherveryangry.Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,which

madethemveryheavy.4.先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态时，

只能用as.

beknown,besaid,bereported,

beannounced,bementioned等Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.关系副词where先行词由明显的地点——地点的模糊化事实上，where不能只理解为表地点。当先行词为situation，case，stage，point等，且定语从句不缺成分，用where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Icanthinkofmanycaseswhereyouknownothingabout.theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。Theway(that/inwhich/不填)

heansweredthequestionswassurprising.Theway(that/which/不填）heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.同位语从句与定语从句相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句）我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。相似之处2、两种从句都可以用that引导

e.g.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。不同之处1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。消息是何内容却不得而知。不同之处2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。Dadmadeapromisethathewould