2024年军队文职人员统一招聘考试英语真题

軍队文职人员统一招聘考试英語真題(總分：100.00，做題時间：120分钟)一、語法与詞汇(總題数：20，分数：10.00)1.My

son

failed

to

come

back

home

last

night.

This

morning

the

police

came

to

our

house

and

________

my

worst

fears

that

he

was

injured

in

a

car

accident.

（分数：0.50）

A.advocated

B.confirmed

√

C.promised

D.insured解析：A选项意為“倡导，拥护”；B选项意為“确认，确定”；C选项意為“允诺，許诺”；D选项意為“保证，保证”。題目意為“我儿子昨夜没回家。今早，警察来我家，________我最紧张的是他在車祸中受伤。”結合題意选择B项，使我确认了我最紧张的。故對的答案為B。2.In

an

effort

to

________

culture

shocks,

I

think

it

is

necessary

to

know

something

about

the

nature

of

culture.

（分数：0.50）

A.getoff

B.getby

C.getthrough

D.getover

√解析：A选项意為“動身，免于受罚”；B选项意為“通過，获得承认”；C选项意為“度過（困难時期）”；D选项意為“克服，從······中恢复”。題目意為“為了________文化冲突，我认為有必要理解文化的本质。”結合文意选择D项，克服文化冲突。故對的答案為D。3.Tom

likes

swimming,

but

he

doesn't

like

playing

basketball.

________.

（分数：0.50）

A.SodoI.

B.Soitiswithme.

√

C.NeitherdoI.

D.Idoso,too.解析：A选项意為“我也是”，對肯定句作出回应；B选项意為“我的状况也是如此”，相称于it's

the

same

with

sb.

一般用于前面既有肯定句又有否认句的状况；C选项意為“我也不”，對否认句作出回应；D选项意為“我也這样做”。題目意為“Tom喜欢游泳，不過他不喜欢打篮球。________”。結合文意选择B项，即“我的状况也是如此”。故對的答案為B。4.My

grandparents

always

enjoy

the

________of

their

relatives.

（分数：0.50）

A.company

√

B.accompaniment

C.companion

D.compassion解析：A选项意為“陪伴”；B选项意為“伴奏，伴随物”；C选项意為“同伴，朋友”；D选项意為“同情，怜悯”。題目意為“我的祖父母總是享有他們亲人的________”。結合文意选择A项，亲人的“陪伴”。故對的答案為A。5.And

much

of

what

I

stumbled

into

by

following

my

________

and

intuition

turned

out

to

be

priceless

alter

on.

（分数：0.50）

A.determination

B.curiosity

√

C.feeling

D.imagination解析：A选项意為“决心”；B选项意為“好奇”；C选项意為“感覺”；D选项意為“想象”。題目意為“我跟随________和直覺所做的事情，事後证明大多数都是极其宝贵的經历”。摘自乔布斯演讲，結合文意选择B项，跟随好奇心和直覺。故對的答案為B。6.The

________

at

the

military

academy

is

so

rigid

that

some

people

cannot

endure

it.

（分数：0.50）

A.convention

B.confinement

C.principle

D.discipline

√解析：A选项意為“大會”；B选项意為“限制”；C选项意為“原则”；D选项意為“纪律”。題目意為“軍事學院的________是如此严格以至于學生們几乎不能忍受”。結合文意选择D项，軍事學院的纪律。故對的答案為D。7.The

machinery

had

been

wrecked

so

efficiently

that

police

were

sure

it

was

a

case

of

________.

（分数：0.50）

A.vagabond

B.sabotage

√

C.paradox

D.tachyon解析：A选项意為“游民，流浪者”；B选项意為“蓄意毁壞”；C选项意為“悖论，自相矛盾的议论”；D选项意為“速子（一种假设的快于光速的基本粒子）”。題目意為“机器已經被严重损壞，因此警察确信這是一次蓄意破壞。”故對的答案為B。8.The

social

workers

tried

to

________

the

juvenile

delinquents.

（分数：0.50）

A.quarantine

B.muddle

C.rehabilitate

√

D.indent解析：A选项意為“對（動物或人）检疫隔离”；B选项意為“弄乱，混淆”；C选项意為“使康复，恢复声誉”；D选项意為“缩排”。題目意為“社會工作者试图________少年犯。”結合題意选择C项，恢复少年犯的声誉。故對的答案為C。9.The

scents

of

the

flowers

was

________

to

us

by

the

breeze.

（分数：0.50）

A.intercepted

B.detested

C.saturated

D.wafted

√解析：A选项意為“拦截，截断”；B选项意為“厌惡，憎恨”；C选项意為“渗透”；D选项意為“使飘荡，吹拂”。題目意為“微風送来了花香。”結合題意选择D项。故對的答案為D。10.Tony

stops

him

with

news

that

a

plane

has

________

over

the

Mojave

Desert.

（分数：0.50）

A.blowndown

B.blownoff

C.blownup

√

D.blownin解析：A选项意為“吹倒”；B选项意為“放出，吹掉”；C选项意為“爆发，爆炸”；D选项意為“偶尔来访，被風吹進”。題目意為“Tony拦住了他，告诉他有一架飞机刚刚在莫哈韦沙漠________。”結合題意选择C项，爆炸。故對的答案為C。11.He

remained

calm

even

________

of

such

obvious

danger.

（分数：0.50）

A.intheevent

B.intheface

√

C.indisregard

D.indefiance解析：A选项意為“成果，到頭来”；B选项意為“面對，當面”；C选项意為“不顾，忽视”；D选项意為“不顾，忽视”。題目意為“虽然面對如此明显的危险，他仍然保持镇静。”結合題意选择B项，面對危险。故對的答案為B。12.Jack

is

so

________

to

his

appearance

that

he

never

has

his

clothes

pressed.

（分数：0.50）

A.adverse

B.anonymous

C.indifferent

√

D.casual解析：A选项意為“不利的，相反的，敌對的”；B选项意為“匿名的，無名的”；C选项意為“淡漠的，不关怀的”；D选项意為“非正式的，漫不經心的”，題目意為“Jack對自已的外表毫不在意，他從不把衣服熨平。”D项虽符合文意，但一般指對某事漫不經心，且必须与介詞about连用。故對的答案為C。13.He

may

also

need

money

to

construct

irrigation

________

and

improve

his

farm

in

other

ways.

（分数：0.50）

A.vessels

B.routes

C.paths

D.channels

√解析：A选项意為“血管、脉管（细小的管道）”；B选项意為“路线，航线”；C选项意為“道路，小道（地面或空中的道路）”；D选项意為“水渠，航道，海峡”。題目意為“他也許還需要钱来建造浇灌________，用其他方式改善他的农場。”結合題意选择D项。故對的答案為D。14.My

investment

in

that

company

can

no

longer

be

________

as

a

source

of

income.

（分数：0.50）

A.lookedon

B.insistedon

C.reckonedon

√

D.capitalizedon解析：A选项意為“观看，旁观，看待”；B选项意為“坚持”；C选项意為“指望，依赖”；D选项意為“运用”。題目意為“我在那家企业的投资再也不能算作收入来源了。”C项具有指望不上之意，符合題意。故對的答案為C。15.The

injured

in

the

tsunami

________

gook

care

of

by

some

medical

teams.

（分数：0.50）

A.istaken

B.arebeingtaken

√

C.aretaking

D.isbeingtaken解析：題目意為“海啸中的伤者正在由醫疗人员悉心照顾”。the+adj.（injured）表达一类人，作主語時，谓語動詞常用复数形式。伤员和照顾之间是被動关系，故用被動語态。故對的答案為B。16.The

three

men

tried

many

times

to

sneak

across

the

border

into

the

neighboring

country

________

by

the

police

each

time.

（分数：0.50）

A.hadbeencaptured

B.beingalwayscaptured

C.onlytobecaptured

√

D.unfortunatelycaptured解析：題目意為“這三個人多次试图偷越边境，成果每次都被警察抓住”。only

to

be

done作成果状語，常表达一种意想不到的或者是不好的成果。A选项不能作状語；B选项目前分詞作状語表达常常性的動作，而這裏不是常常性的動作；D选项captured只表达某一次的動作，与each

time相矛盾。故對的答案為C。17.It

was

not

until

I

came

here

________

I

realized

this

place

was

famous

for

not

only

its

beauty

but

also

its

long

history.

（分数：0.50）

A.who

B.that

√

C.where

D.before解析：題目意為“直到我来到這儿才意识到，這個地方出名不仅是由于它的漂亮，還由于它悠久的历史”。本題為强调句构造：It

is/was被强调部分that······；本題强调的是時间状語。故對的答案為B。18.________

that

advance

seems

to

be

following

advance

on

almost

a

monthly

basis.

（分数：0.50）

A.sorapidistherateofprogressthat

√

B.rapidastherateofprogressisthat

C.sorapidistherateofprogressas

D.rapidastherateofprogressas解析：題目意為“進展速度如此之快，看起来几乎是以月為單位向前推進”。在so······that······构造中，so及其所修饰的部分位于句首時，主句要用部分倒装。该句的正常語序為“The

rate

of

progress

is

so

rapid

that

advance

seems

to

be

following

advance

on

almost

a

monthly

basis.”結合題意选择A项。as在引导让步状語從句時，将表語、状語或動詞原形等提到as前，构成倒装，本句不是让步状語從句。故對的答案為A。19.There

________

be

any

difficulty

about

passing

the

road

test

since

you

have

practiced

a

lot

in

the

driving

school.

（分数：0.50）

A.mustn't

B.shan't

C.shouldn't

√

D.needn't解析：A选项意為“不容許”；B选项意為“不會”；C选项意為“不应當”；D选项意為“不需要”。題目意為“既然你已經在驾校做了大量练习，你通過這次路试不应當有困难”。must表达推测時，只能用于肯定句中，其否认形式為can't。needn't表达没必要。shall用于第一人称表达征求對方的意見，用于第二和第三人称表达“容許，命令，法律条文中的规定”，用在此处不符合句意。should（not）表达根据常规或者常识推测，語气比must和can't稍弱。結合題意选C。故對的答案為C。20.Sunburn

can

be

just

________

a

heat

burn.

（分数：0.50）

A.asserve

B.sever

C.assevereas

√

D.severeas解析：題目意為“晒伤可以像热烧伤同样严重”。as······as，“和······同样”，表达同级的比较，基本构造為：as+adj./adv.+as。severe

adj.严重的。故對的答案為C。二、基础常识(總題数：10，分数：10.00)21.The

indigenous

people

in

Australia

are

________,

which

have2.2%of

the

total

population

in

.

（分数：1.00）

A.Aborigines

√

B.Maoris

C.Indians

D.Eskimos解析：A项意為“土著居民”；B项意為“毛利人”；C项意為“印第安人”；D项意為“愛斯基摩人”。題目意為“澳大利亚的原住居民是________，占總人数的2.2%”。澳大利亚历史概况。澳大利亚原為土著人居住。故對的答案為A。22.In

England,

the

most

famous

of

the

Catholic

conspiracies

was

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.theCobham'splot

B.themurderofThomasBecket

C.theexecutionofMaryQueenofScots

D.theGunpowderPlot

√解析：A项意為“科巴姆的情节”；B项意為“托馬斯·贝克特之死”；C项意為“苏格兰玛丽女王的死刑”；D项意為“火药诡计”。題目意為“在英格兰，最著名的天主教诡计是________”。本題考察英語国家概况。The

Gunpowder

Plot（火药诡计）是指16英国发生的由Guy

Fawkes等企图炸毁议會大厦，炸死国王的天主教火药诡计案。這一诡计的Guy

Fawkes和其他7名同谋在犯罪現場被捉获。後国會决定每年的11月5曰為“Guy

Fawkes

Day”，在這一天人們燃放烟火和烧福克斯的模拟像，晚上英国人會用Bonfire

Night“篝火之夜”来庆祝這一天。故對的答案為D。23.The

Hundred

Year's

War

between

Britain

and

France

was

fought

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.from1327to1453

B.from1337to1453

√

C.from1347to1453

D.from1357to1453解析：題目意為“英法之间的百年战争________”。英国历史知识。百年战争是指英法两国在1337-1453年间断续進行的战争。它從两国封建王朝战争開始，後期转变為法国人民反對英国侵略的战争。自11世纪“诺曼征服”後，历代英王通過婚姻和继承关系在法国拥有大量领地。法英两国争夺這些领地和對毛纺业中心佛兰德的控制权，是引起本次战争的重要原因。其导火线则是法国王位继承問題。故對的答案為B。24.Which

of

the

following

statements

about

American

education

is

WRONG?

（分数：1.00）

A.ElementaryandsecondaryeducationinAmericaisfreeandcompulsory

B.Privateschoolsarefinanciallysupportedbyreligiousornonreligiousprivateorganizationsorindividuals

C.Therearemorepubliccollegesanduniversitiesthantheprivateones

√

D.Greditstakenatcommunitycollegesarenormallyapplicabletorequirementforafour-yearbachelor'sdegree解析：A项意為“美国的中小學教育是免费的，义务的。”B项意為“私立學校是由宗教或非宗教的私人组织或個人资助的。”C项意為“公立學院和大學比私立的多。”D项意為“小区學院的學分一般合用于四年學士學位的规定。”題目意為“有关美国教育，如下哪项论述是錯误的”。在美国，私立高等教育机构要多于公立的。像麻省理工、耶鲁大學、哈佛大學都是私立的。故對的答案為C。25.Easter

is

a

holiday

usually

connected

to

the

following

except

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.thereunionofalargefamily

√

B.theeatingofEastereggs

C.thecomingofspring

D.theresurrectionofChrist解析：A项意為“大家庭的重聚”；B项意為“吃复活节彩蛋”；C项意為“春天的到来”；D项意為“基督的复活”。題目意為“如下哪项与复活节無关________”。圣诞节一般和大型的家庭团圆联络在一起。复活节是為了耶稣基督的复活而举行的，有涂彩蛋的习俗。故對的答案為A。26.The

distinction

between

parole

and

langue

was

proposed

by

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.Halliday

B.Chomsky

C.Bloomfield

D.Saussure

√解析：A项意為“哈利迪”；B项意為“乔姆斯基”；C项意為“布洛姆菲尔德”；D项意為“索绪尔”。題目意為“提出言語与語言之间差异的是________”。故對的答案為D。27.When

a

speaker

express

his

intention

of

speaking,such

as

asking

a

person

to

open

the

windows,he

is

performing

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.anillocutionaryact

√

B.aperlocutionaryact

C.alocutionaryact

D.noneoftheabove解析：A项意為“言外行為”；B项意為“言後行為”；C项意為“言内行為”；D项意為“以上所述全都不是”。題目意為“當說话者体現他的目的時，例如规定一种人打開窗户，他的行為属于________”。本題考察J.L.Austin的speech

act

theory（言語行為理论），体現出說话者真正意图的行為是illocutionary

act（言外行為）。故對的答案為A。28.English

consonants

can

be

classified

into

stops,fricatives,nasals,etc.In

terms

of

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.opennessofmouth

B.mannerofarticulation

√

C.placeofarticulation

D.Voicing解析：辅音分类的原则有两种，即按发音部位（placesofarticulation）和发音方式（Mannersofarticulation）的不一样。後者是指气流阻塞以不一样的方式在声道，小舌，舌，齿等不一样部位发生，從而产生多种不一样类别的辅音。故對的答案為B。29.Pragmatics

differs

from

traditional

semantics

in

that

is

studies

meaning

not

in

isolation,but

in

________.

（分数：1.00）

A.relationship

B.sentence

C.words

D.context

√解析：A项意為“关联”；B项意為“句子”；C项意為“字”；D项意為“上下文，語境”。本題考察語言學基本概念。語用學（pragmatics）研究的是語言使用者是怎样使用句子成功進行交际的，它不是孤立地去研究語义，而是把語义置于使用語境中去研究的一门學科。語义學和語用學的主线区别在于意义研究与否考虑語境。不考虑語境，意义研究属于老式的語义學范围；考虑語境，意义研究就成了語用學的范围。故對的答案為D。30.WhichofthefollowingisnotanovelbyErnestHemingway?

（分数：1.00）

A.ForwhomTheBellTolls

B.TheSunAlsoRises

C.TheOldManandTheSea

D.ThisSideofParadise

√解析：A项意為“《丧钟為谁而鸣》”；B项意為“《太阳照常升起》”；C项意為“《老人与海》”；D项意為“《天堂的這一边》（美･菲茨杰拉德）”。題目意為“如下哪一种不是海明威的作品？”故對的答案為D。三、阅讀理解(總題数：4，分数：50.00)Text

ADespite

Denmark's

manifest

virtues,

Danes

never

talk

about

how

proud

they

are

to

be

Danes.

This

would

sound

weird

in

Danish.

When

Danes

talk

to

foreigners

about

Denmark,

they

always

begin

by

commenting

on

its

tininess,

its

unimportance,

the

difficulty

of

its

language,

the

general

small-mindedness

and

self-indulgence

of

their

countrymen

and

the

high

taxes.

No

Dane

would

look

you

in

the

eye

and

say,

“Denmark

is

a

great

country.”

You're

supposed

to

figure

this

out

for

yourself.It

is

the

land

of

the

silk

safety

net,

where

almost

half

the

national

budget

goes

toward

smoothing

out

life's

inequalities,

and

there

is

plenty

of

money

for

schools,

day

care,

retraining

programmes,

job

seminars-Danes

love

seminars:

three

days

at

a

study

cntre

hearing

about

waste

management

is

almost

as

good

as

a

ski

trip.

It

is

a

culture

bombarded

by

English,

in

advertising,

pop

music,

the

Internet,

and

despite

all

the

English

that

Danish

absorbs-there

is

no

Danish

Academy

to

defend

against

it——old

dialects

persist

in

Jutland

that

can

barely

be

understood

by

Copenhageners.

It

is

the

land

where,

as

the

saying

goes,“Few

have

too

much

and

fewer

have

too

little,”

and

a

foreigner

is

struck

by

the

sweet

egalitarianism

that

prevails,

where

the

lowliest

clerk

gives

you

a

level

gaze,

where

Sir

and

Madame

have

disappeared

from

common

usage,

even

Mr.

and

Mrs.

It's

a

nation

of

recyclers

——about55%of

Danish

garbage

gets

made

into

something

newand

no

nuclear

poser

plants.

It's

a

nation

of

tireless

planner.

Trains

run

on

time.

Things

operate

well

in

general.Such

a

nation

of

overachievers——a

brochure

from

the

Ministry

of

Business

and

Industry

says,“Denmark

is

one

of

the

world's

cleanest

and

most

organized

countries,

with

virtually

no

pollution,crime,

or

poverty.

Denmark

is

the

most

corruption-free

society

in

the

Northern

Hemisphere.”

So,

of

course,

one's

heart

lifts

at

any

sighting

of

Danish

sleaze:

skinhead

graffiti

on

buildings

(“Foreigners

Out

of

Denmark!”),

broken

beer

bottles

in

the

gutters,

drunken

teenagers

slumped

in

the

park.Nonetheless,

it

is

an

orderly

land.

You

drive

through

a

Danish

town,

it

comes

to

an

end

at

a

stone

wall,

and

on

the

other

side

is

a

field

of

barley,

a

nice

clean

line:town

here,

country

there.

It

is

not

a

nation

of

jay-walkers.

People

stand

on

the

curb

and

wait

for

the

red

light

to

change,

even

if

it's

2

a.m.

and

there's

not

a

car

in

sight.

However,

Danes

don't

think

of

themselves

as

a

wainting-at-2.a.m-for-the-green-light

people——that's

how

they

see

Swedes

and

Germans.

Danes

see

themselves

as

jazzy

people,

improvisers,

more

free

spirited

than

Swedes,

but

the

truth

is

(though

one

should

not

say

it)

that

Danes

are

very

much

like

Germans

and

Swedes.

Orderliness

is

a

main

selling

point.

Denmark

has

few

natural

resources,

limited

manufacturing

capability;

its

future

in

Europe

will

be

as

le

broker,

banker,

and

distributor

of

goods.

You

send

your

goods

by

container

ship

to

Copenhagen,

and

these

bright,

young,

English-speaking,

utterly

honest,

highly

disciplined

people

will

get

your

goods

around

to

Scandinavia,

the

Baltic

States,

and

Russia.

Airports,

seaports,

highways,

and

rail

lines

are

ultramodern

and

well-maintained.The

orderliness

of

the

society

doesn't

mean

that

Danish

lives

are

less

messy

or

lonely

than

yours

or

mine,

and

no

Dane

would

tell

you

so.

You

can

hear

plenty

about

bitter

family

feuds

and

the

sorrows

of

alcoholism

and

about

perfectly

sensible

people

who

went

off

one

day

and

killed

themselves.

An

orderly

society

can

not

exempt

its

members

from

the

hazards

of

life.But

there

is

a

sense

of

entitlement

and

security

that

Danes

grow

up

with.

Certain

things

are

yours

by

virtue

of

citizenship,

and

you

shouldn't

feel

bad

for

taking

what

you're

entitled

to,

you're

as

good

as

anyone

else.

The

rules

of

the

welfare

system

are

clear

to

everyone,

the

benefits

you

get

if

you

lose

your

job,

the

steps

you

take

to

get

a

new

one;

and

the

orderliness

of

the

system

makes

it

possible

for

the

country

to

weather

high

unemployment

and

social

unrest

without

a

sense

of

crisis.（分数：12.5）(1).The

Author

thinks

that

Danes

adopt

a

________attitude

towards

their

country.（分数：2.5）

A.boastful

B.modest

√

C.deprecating

D.mysterious解析：本題考察的是推理判断。【关键詞】Danes；attitude；their

country【主題句】Despite

Denmark's

manifest

virtues,Danes

never

talk

about

how

proud

they

are

to

be

Danes.尽管丹麦人有著明显的美德，但他們從不談论自已作為丹麦人有多自豪。【解析】A项意為“自负的，自夸的”；B项意為“谦虚的”；C项意為“反對的，轻视的，不赞成的”；D项意為“神秘的”。題目意為“作者认為，丹麦人對自已国家的态度是________。”第一段，“Despite

Denmark's

manifest

virtues,Danes

never

talk

about

how

proud

they

are

to

be

Danes.”尽管丹麦人有著明显的美德，但他們從不談论自已作為丹麦人有多自豪。這阐明丹麦人對自已的国家持谦虚态度。故對的答案為B。(2).Which

of

the

following

is

NOT

a

Danish

characteristic

cited

in

the

passage?（分数：2.5）

A.fondnessofforeignculture

√

B.equalityinsociety

C.linguistictolerance

D.persistentplanning解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】NOT；Danish

characteristic【主題句】“almost

half

the

national

budget

goes

toward

smoothing

out

life's

inequalities,

······”几乎二分之一的国家预算都用于消除生活中的不平等。“It

is

a

culture

bombarded

by

English,in

advertising,

pop

music,

the

Internet,······there

is

no

Danish

Academy

to

defend

against

it”英語對其狂轰乱炸，在广告、流行音乐、互联网等方面······没有丹麦學會對此防卫。“It's

a

nation

of

tireless

planner.”這是一种不知疲惫的计划者的国家。【解析】A项意為“愛慕外国文化”；B项意為“社會平等”；C项意為“語言包容”；D项意為“持续的规划”。題目意為“如下哪一项不是文中提到的丹麦特性？”第二段，“almost

half

the

national

budget

goes

toward

smoothing

out

life's

inequalities”等句子看出，丹麦是一种平等的社會，故B项對的；第二段，“and

despite

all

the

English······by

Copenhageners.”可知，丹麦人容忍英語和當地方言并存，故C项對的。根据主題句，結合第四段提到丹麦是一种orderly

land可知，丹麦是一种善于规划的，有秩序的国家，故D项對的。排除法，选A。本題為选非題，故對的答案為A。(3).The

author's

reaction

to

statement

by

the

Ministry

of

Business

and

Industry

is

________.（分数：2.5）

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

√解析：本題考察的是推理判断。【关键詞】author's

reaction；the

Ministry

of

Business

and

Industry【主題句】“······skinhead

graffiti

on

buildings

(“Foreigners

Out

of

Denmark!”),broken

beer

bottles

in

the

gutters,drunken

teenagers

slumped

in

the

park.”“······建筑物上的光頭涂鸦(“外国人滚出丹麦!”)，排水沟裏的破啤酒瓶，公园裏醉醺醺的青少年。”【解析】A项意為“不赞成的”；B项意為“赞成的”；C项意為“不表达明确意見的，模糊的”；D项意為“怀疑的”。題目意為“作者對商业和工业部的申明是什么态度________”。文中，“Denmark

is

one

of

the

world's

cleanest

and

most

organized

countries,with

virtually

no

pollution,crime,

or

poverty.

Denmark

is

the

most

corruption-free

society

in

the

Northern

Hemisphere.”，商业和工业部對丹麦的描述中写道丹麦是世界上最洁净、最有组织的国家之一，几乎没有污染、犯罪和贫困。丹麦是北半球最廉洁的国家。作者并没有直接表明态度，但紧接著举了某些体現丹麦的肮脏破败的事实，結合主題句“······skinhead

graffiti

on

buildings(“Foreigners

Out

of

Denmark!”),

broken

beer

bottles

in

the

gutters,

drunken

teenagers

slumped

in

the

park.”，可見作者對其持怀疑态度，故选D项。故對的答案為D。(4).According

to

the

passage,Dunish

orderliness________.（分数：2.5）

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeople

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

√

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtrouble解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】Dunish

orderliness【主題句】“Orderliness

is

a

main

selling

point.

Denmark

has

few

natural

resources,

limited

manufacturing

capability;

its

future

in

Europe

will

be

as

le

broker,

banker,

and

distributor

of

goods.

”井然有序是一种重要的卖點。丹麦自然资源匮乏，生产能力有限；未来它在欧洲的角色将是商品的經纪人、银行家和分销商。【解析】A项意為“使人民有别于德国人和瑞典人”；B项意為“防止丹麦的社會問題困扰他人”；C项意為“被认為對国家經济至关重要”；D项意為“防止丹麦人承认存在的麻烦”。題目意為“根据文章，丹麦人的秩序井然________”。結合主題句，“Orderliness

is

a

main

selling

point······ultramodern

and

well-maintained”因此丹麦的這种井然有序對這样一种资源短缺，生产力受限的国家来說，對這個国家的經济至关重要。C项符合文意。故對的答案為C。(5).At

the

end

of

the

passage

the

author

states

all

the

following

except

that

________.（分数：2.5）

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

√

C.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

D.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】at

the

end

of；except【主題句】“the

orderliness

of

the

system

makes

it

possible

for

the

country

to

weather

high

unemployment

and

social

unrest

without

a

sense

of

crisis.”秩序井然使這個国家可以經受高失业率和社會動乱而不出現危机。【解析】A项意為“丹麦人清晰地懂得他們的社會福利”；B项意為“秩序井然減轻了失业”；C项意為“丹麦人视予以他們的一切為理所當然”；D项意為“開放的体制协助国家渡過难关”。題目意為“在文章的結尾，如下哪项不是作者陈說的内容”。結合主題句，“the

orderliness

of

the

system

makes

it

possible

for

the

country

to

weather

high

unemployment

and

social

unrest

without

a

sense

of

crisis.”秩序井然使這個国家可以經受高失业率和社會動乱而不出現危机，阐明并不是減轻失业率，排除法，B项符合題意。其他三项最终一段均有波及。故對的答案為B。TEXT

BHe

emerged,

all

of

a

sudden,

in

1957:

the

most

explosive

new

poetic

talent

of

the

English

post-war

era.

Poetry

specialised,

at

that

moment,

in

the

wry

chronicling

of

the

everyday.

The

poetry

of

Yorkshire-bom

Ted

Hughes,

first

published

in

a

book

called

"The

Hawk

in

the

Rain"when

he

was

27,

was

unlike

anything

written

by

his

immediate

predecessors.

Driven

by

an

almost

Jacobean

rhetoric,

it

had

a

visionary

fervour.

Its

most

eye-catching

characteristic

was

Hughes's

ability

to

get

beneath

the

skins

of

animals:

foxes,

otters,

pigs.

These

animals

were

the

real

thing

all

right,

but

they

were

also

armorial

devices-symbols

of

the

countryside

and

lifeblood

of

the

earth

in

which

they

were

rooted.

It

gave

his

work

a

raw,

primal

stink.It

was

not

only

England

that

thought

so

either.

Hughes's

book

was

also

published

in

America,

where

it

won

the

Galbraith

prize,

a

major

literary

award.

But

then,

in

1963,

Sylvia

Plath,

a

young

American

poet

whom

he

had

first

met

at

Cambridge

University

in

1956,

and

who

became

his

wife

in

the

summer

of

that

year,

committed

suicide.

Hughes

was

vilified

for

long

after

that,

especially

by

feminists

in

America.

In

1998,

the

year

he

died,

Hughes

broke

his

own

self-imposed

public

silence

about

their

relationship

in

a

book

of

loose-weave

poems

called

"Birthday

Letters".

In

this

new

and

exhilarating

collection

of

real

letter,

Hughes

return

to

the

issue

of

his

first

wife's

death,

which

he

calls

his

"big

and

unmanageable

event".

He

felt

his

talent

muffled

by

the

perpetual

eavesdropping

upon

his

every

move.

Not

until

he

decided

to

publish

his

own

account

of

their

relationship

did

the

burden

begin

to

lighten.The

analysis

is

raw,

pained

and

ruthlessly

self-aware.

For

all

the

moral

torment,

the

writing

itself

has

the

same

rush

and

vigour

that

possessed

Hughes's

early

poetry.

Some

books

of

letters

serve

as

a

personalised

historical

chronicle.

Poets'

letters

are

seldom

like

that,

and

Hughes's

are

no

exception.

His

are

about

a

life

of

literary

engagement:

almost

all

of

them

include

some

musing

on

the

state

or

the

nature

of

writing,

both

Hughes's

own

or

other

people's.

The

trajectory

of

Hughes's

literary

career

had

him

moving

from

obscurity

to

fame,

and

then,in

the

eyes

of

many,

to

life-long

notoriety.

These

letters

are

filled

with

his

wrestling

with

the

consequences

of

being

the

part-private,

part-public

creature

that

he

became,

desperate

to

devote

himself

to

his

writing,

and

yet

subject

to

endless

invasions

of

his

privacy.Hughes

is

an

absorbing

and

intricate

commentator

upon

his

own

poetry,

even

when

he

is

standing

back

from

it

and

good-humouredly

condemning

himself

for

"its

fantasticalia,

its

pretticisms

and

its

infinite

verballifications".

He

also

believed,

from

first

to

last,

that

poetry

had

a

special

place

in

the

education

of

children.

"What

kids

need",

he

wrote

in

a

1988

letter

to

the

secretary

of

state

for

education

in

the

Conservative

government,

"is

a

headful

[sic]

of

songs

that

are

not

songs

but

blocks

of

refined

and

achieved

and

wxemplary

language."

When

that

happens,

children

have

"the

guardian

angel

installed

behind

the

tongue".

Lucky

readers,

big

or

small.（分数：12.5）(1).The

poetry

of

Hughes's

forerunners

is

characteristic

of

________.（分数：2.5）

A.itsnatural,crudeflavor

B.itsfantasticalenthusiam

C.itspenetratingsight

D.itsdistortedofpeople'sdailylife

√解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】Hughes's

forerunners;

characteristic【主題句】Poetry

specialised,

at

that

moment,

in

the

wry

chronicling

of

the

everyday.

The

poetry

of

Yorkshire-bom

Ted

Hughes,

first

published

in

a

book

called

"The

Hawk

in

the

Rain"

when

he

was

27,

was

unlike

anything

written

by

his

immediate

predecessors.在那個時候，诗歌是专门用来记录平常生活的。生于约克郡的泰德·休斯27岁時初次出版了《雨中的鹰》（“The

Hawk

in

The

Rain”）一書，他的诗歌与先前的诗人們的任何作品都不一样。【解析】A选项意為“自然、原始的風味”；B选项意為“梦幻式的热情”；C选项意為“洞穿一切的视角”；D选项意為“歪曲的人們的平常生活”。題目意為“休斯先前的诗人們创作的诗歌特點是________”。本文第一段讲述了休斯诗歌的特點。第一段、第二句阐明了當時盛行的诗歌的特色是the

wry

chronicling

of

the

everyday，紧接著第三句就指出休斯的作品不一样于他前辈的诗歌，接下来的几句都是讲述休斯作品详细是什么特色。由此可以推理，第二句所描写的就是其前任作品的特點，是“歪曲的人們的平常生活”。故對的答案為D。(2).The

word

“vilified”

most

porbaby

means

________.（分数：2.5）

A.tortured

B.scolded

√

C.harassed

D.tormented解析：本題考察的是詞义猜测。【关键詞】vilified【主題句】But

then,

in

1963,

Sylvia

Plath,

a

young

American

poet

whom

he

had

first

met

atCambridge

University

in

1956,

and

who

became

his

wife

in

the

summer

of

that

year,

committed

suicide.

Hughes

was

vilified

for

long

after

that,

especially

by

feminists

in

America.但在1963年，西尔维娅·普拉斯（Sylvia

Plath）自杀了。西尔维娅·普拉斯是一位年轻的美国诗人，他第一次見到她是在1956年的剑桥大學，那年夏天她成了他的妻子。在那之後的很長一段時间裏，休斯一直受到诋毁，尤其是受到美国女权主义者的诋毁。【解析】題目意為“單詞‘vilified’的意思最也許是________。”A选项意為“折磨”；B选项意為“斥责”；C选项意為“骚扰”；D选项意為“折磨”。這個詞的意思要根据上下文推断。该詞出現的前一句讲述休斯妻子，一位美国诗人自杀了。紧接著就說，该事件在发生後很長一段時间裏美国的女权主义者對休斯采用了一种行動。背面又讲述了休斯在去世之前将他与妻子的关系状况以書信集的方式体現出来，直到這本集子出版他的背负才得以減轻。那么休斯一直背负著一种精神承担，這部分是由那些女权主义者导致的，也許性比较大的就是一种精神上的训斥。故對的答案為B。(3).According

to

the

third

paragraph,

Hughes's

collection

of

letters

are

________.（分数：2.5）

A.personalrecollectionofhislife

B.personalizedhistoricalchronicleofhisliteraryengagement

C.reflectionsofhisstrugglewithhisdevotionandthereality

D.hismeditationontheliteraryworld

√解析：本題考察的是推理判断。【关键詞】third

paragraph；Hughes's

collection

of

letter【主題句】Hisareaboutalifeofliteraryengagement:almostallofthemincludesomemusingonthestateorthenatureofwriting,bothHughes'sownorotherpeople's.他的作品是有关文學生涯的：几乎所有的作品都包括了對写作状态或写作本质的思索，無论是休斯自已的還是他人的。【解析】A选项意為“他對自已生命的個人回忆。”；B选项意為“他文學生涯的個人编年史。”；C选项意為“反应了他的信奉与現实间的挣扎”；D选项意為“他對文學界的沉思”。題目意為“根据第三段，休斯的書信集是________。”根据文章第三段，休斯的這本書信集和一般書信集不一样，不是将自已的經历做一系列陈說，而是所有書信都包具有對自已或對他人作品的思索，是他文學思想的一种展示。從這些書信中可以看出他為是要完全展示在作品中還是要维护個人隐私而苦苦挣扎過。從這些描述可以看出，该書信集重要是他文學观點的某些表述，從中可以看出他的思想发展历程，因此D项符合。故對的答案為D。(4).From

the

letters,

we

may

find

the

cause

of

Hughes's

internal

struggle

is

________.（分数：2.5）

A.hisdevotiontotheliteracyworld

B.thatheisapart-private,part-publiccreature

C.thatheisconstrainedbythefearofhisprivacybeinginvaded

√

D.hisfameandnotoriety解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】letters；cause；Hughes's

internal

struggle【主題句】These

letters

are

filled

with

his

wrestling

with

the

consequences

of

being

the

part-private,

part-public

creature

that

he

became,

desperate

to

devote

himself

to

his

writing,

and

yet

subject

to

endless

invasions

of

his

privacy.這些信件中充斥了他的挣扎，他成為了一种半私密、半公開的人物，他不顾一切地投身于写作，但他的隐私却不停受到侵犯。【解析】A选项意為“他對文學界的奉献”；B选项意為“他是一种半隐秘半公開的人物”；C选项意為“他胆怯自已的隐私受到侵犯”；D选项意為“他的名声以及惡名”。題目意為“從信中我們可以懂得修斯内心挣扎的原因是________。”文章指出書信中到处都体現了休斯和自已半隐秘、半公開這样一种身份進行斗争的印迹，首先他想在创作中完全投入，但又紧张自已隐私會受到侵害。可以看出，休斯之因此内心挣扎，是由于他自已一面想要在作品中公開自已，而在現实中又想保护自已的隐私，因此C项符合。故對的答案為C。(5).By

“lucky

readers”

in

the

last

sentence,

the

auther

means

________.（分数：2.5）

A.childrenwhoreadpoetry

√

B.childrenwhohaveaheadfullofsongs

C.childrenwhohavetheguardianangelinstalledbehindthetongue

D.childrenwhoownblocksofrefinedandachievedandexemplarylanguage解析：本題考察的是细节理解。【关键詞】lucky

reader；last

sentence【主題句】He

also

believed,

from

first

to

last,

that

poetry

had

a

special

place

in

the

education

of

children.

他還一直相信，诗歌在小朋友教育中占有特殊的地位。【解析】A选项意為“讀诗的孩子”；B选项意為“脑子裏满是歌曲的孩子”；C选项意為“舌頭背面有守卫天使的孩子”；D选项意為“語言精致，优雅，堪称典范的孩子”。題目意為“本文最终一句话‘幸运讀者’指的是________。”文中最终一段指出他還從始至终坚信诗歌在教育孩子方面有特殊的作用。他认為孩子們需要的是诗歌，是精致完美的語言，假如真的拥有這些，那么孩子舌頭背面就有了守卫天使，那他們就是幸运的讀者了。四個选项看似都對的，但從本质来讲，是由于讀诗才拥有随即的一切，且本段著重强调诗歌對孩子教育的重要性。因此A项符合文意。故對的答案為A。TEXTCRichard,KingofEnglandfrom1189to1199,withallhischaracteristicvirtuesandfaultscastinaheroicmould,isoneofthemostfascinatingmedievalfigures.Hehasbeendescribedasthecreatureandembodimentoftheageofchivalry.Inthosedaysthelionwasmuchadmiredinheraldry,andmorethanonekingsoughttolinkhimselfwithitsrepute.WhenRichard'scontemporariescalledhim“CoeurdeLion”(Thelionheart),theypaidalastingcomplimenttothekingofbeasts.LittledidtheEnglishpeopleowehimforhisservices,andheavilydidtheypayforhisadventures.HewasinEnglandonlytwiceforafewshortmonthsinhistenyears'regin;yethismemoryhasalwaysEnglishhearts,andseemstoprsentthroughoutthecenturiesthepatternoffightingman.InalldeedsofprowessaswellasinlargeschemesofwarRichardshone.Hewastallanddelicatelyshapedstronginnerveandsinew,andmostdexterousinarms.Herejoicedinpersonalcombat,andregardedhisopponentswithoutmaliceasnecessaryagentsinhisfame.Helovedwar,notsomuchforthesakeofgloryorpoliticalends,butasothermenlovescienceorpoetry,fortheexcitementofthestruggleandtheglowofvictory.Bythishiswholetemperamentwastoned;andunitedwiththehighestqualitiesofthemilitarycommander,loveofwarcalledforthallthepowersofhismindandbody.Althoughamanofbloodandviolence,Richardwastooimpetuoustobeeithertreacherousonhabituallycruel.Hewasasreadytoforgiveashewashastytooffend;hewasoen-handedandmunificenttoprofusion;inwarcircumspectindesignandskillfulinexecution;inpoliticalachild,lackinginsubtletyandexperience.Hispoliticalallianceswereformeduponhislikesanddislikes;hispoliticalschemeshadneitherunitynorclearnessofpurpose.Theadvantagesgainedforhimbymilitarygeoidswereflungawaythroughdiplomaticineptitude.When,onthejourneytotheEast,Messinainsicilywaswonbyhisarmshewaseasilypersuadedtosharewithhispolished,faithlessally,PhilipAugustus,fruitsofavictorywhichmorewiselyusedmighthavefoiledtheFrenchKing'sartful