机械制造类专业英语（第2版） 练习题 杨成Module II

机械制造类专业英语CommonProcessingTechnologyandCasesModuleIIAdvancedManufacturingProcessandCasesSceneOneCommonProcessingTechnologyandCasesTask1CommonProcessingTechnologyLookatthefollowingwordswemayuseinthissceneandmatchtheEnglishandChinesemeaning.cavity

n.腔，（空）洞 molten

a.熔化的ferrous

a.铁的

含铁的 foundry

n.铸造cylinder

n.汽缸 piston

n.活塞wheel

n.车轮 pattern

n.模样，模型木型，型板，模板shrinkage n.收缩，缩减 solidification

n.凝固，浓缩facilitate

v.使容易，便于，促进 mould n.铸型v.造型，翻砂drag

n.下砂箱，下型 sprinkle

v.撒ram

v.撞击 foundry n.铸造厂，铸造车间conveyor

n.传送带，输送带，传送装置 hopper

n.砂斗，装料斗，漏斗flush

a.同平面的，齐平面的 cope

n.上砂箱，上型箱，顶层alignment

n.对准，成一线，对准中心 dowel

n.定位销，合缝销feeder

n.直浇道，浇道 runner n.内浇道，横浇道cavity

n.空腔 riser

n.（补缩）冒口coincide

v.相重合

相叠合 displace v.排除（水，气），位移，变位feed

n.增补，补缩 venting n.通气permeability n.透气性 gate

n.流道turbulence

n.湍流 via

prep.通过vibration

n.振动 fin

n.毛刺flash

n.毛边Thefollowingexpressionswemayuse,beforewefinishoffthetask,pleasemakeouttheirEnglishmeaningwiththehelpofyourteammatesordictionaryortheinternet.模型腔 铅锤测量装置熔炉 汽缸体型箱，砂箱 活塞环考虑到，顾及 在适当的位置上与……平齐，与……一样高 暗销，定位销，合缝销分型砂 ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethemintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Theprocessofcastingisthemanufactureofmetallicobjects(castings)bymeltingmetal,pouringitintoamoldcavity,andallowingthemoltenmetaltosolidifyascastingwhoseshapeisareproductionofthemoldcavity.__________________________________________________________________________（2）ThefoundryindustryhasfoundwidespreadapplicationandisconsideredtobethesixthlargesintheUnitedStatesbecauseitenablestheproductionofintricatelyshapedparts.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Plumbingfixtures,furnaceparts,cylinderblocksofautomobileandairplaneengines,pistons,pistonrings,machinetoolbedsandframes,wheels,andcrankshafts.__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsarebelongtotheproductsofcastingafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.plumbingfixtures （） furnaceparts （）automobile （） airplaneengines （）pistons （） pistonrings （）machinetoolbeds （） frames （）wheels （） crankshafts （）Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Thewordcastingisusedbothfortheprocessaswellasfortheproduct. （）（2）Thisprocessiscarriedoutinfoundries. （）（3）Thefoundryindustryincludesavarietyofcastingprocesses. （）__________________________________________________________________________Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Whatisthefirststage

intheproductionofsandcastings?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whythepatternmustbemadelargerthanthefinishedcastingsize?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Whatarethemostimportantoperationsinsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethemintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Castingspatternsaregenerallymadefromhardwoodandpatternhastobemadelargerthanthefinishedcastingsizetoallowfortheshrinkagethattakesplaceduringsolidificationandcooling.__________________________________________________________________________（2）Ifahollowcastingistobemade,thepatterndesignwillincludeextensionpiecessothatspacestoacceptthesandcorearemouldedintothesand.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Thisprocessoffillingandrammingmaybedonebyhangbutmouldproductionisautomatedinalargefoundrywiththemouldboxesmovingalongaconveyor,firsttobefilledwithsandfromhoppersandthentopassundermechanicalhammersforramming.__________________________________________________________________________Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Aftertherammingofsandinthecopeiscompleted,thetwohalvesofthemouldingboxarecarefullyseparated. （）（2）Afterventingthepatternsarecarefullyremovedfrombothcopeanddrag,andagateorgatesarecarefullycuttoconnecttherunnerchannelwiththemaincavity. （）（3）Liquidmetalispouredsmoothlyintothemouldviathefeeder. （）___________________________________________________________________PracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Zhang:Hello,Mr.Cheng,whatareyoudoing?Mr.Cheng:Iam…Mr.Zhang:Thisis…,isn’tit?Mr.Cheng:Yes.Itis…Mr.Zhang:Whatcanitdo?Mr.Cheng:…Mr.Zhang:What’sthat?Mr.Cheng:Itisa…Mr.Zhang:Isthisa…?Mr.Cheng:Yes,itis.Itisa…Mr.Zhang:Whatkindsofworkcanitto?Mr.Cheng:Itcan…Mr.Zhang:Thankyouforyourhelp.Mr.Cheng:Mypleasure.___________________________________________________________________________Task2bigcountrycraftsmaninprocessingBigcountrycraftsmanFittermasterHushuangqianExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Liu:Goodafternoon,Mr.Xiong.Mr.Xiong:Goodafternoon,Mr.Liu.Mr.Liu:Ihavesometroublewithheattreatment.Couldyoutellme?Mr.Xiong:Whataretheproblems?Mr.Liu:Doyouknowwhatisthefunctionofheattreatment?Mr.Xiong:Yes.IthinkIsee.Heattreatmentisamethodbywhichtheheattreatmentcanchangethephysicalpropertiesofamaterial.Mr.Liu:Howmanytypesofheattreatmentarethere?Mr.Xiong:Therearemainoperationsintheheattreatmentofsteel:hardening,temperingandannealing.Mr.Liu:Howishardeningoperationdone?Mr.Xiong:Thehardeningoperationconsistsofheatingthesteelaboveitscriticalrangeandthequenchingisinasuitablemediumsuchaswater,brine,oil,orsomeotherliquid.Havingbeenhardened,themetalmustbegivenatemperingtreatmentwhichconsistsofreheatingthehardenedsteeltoatemperaturebelowthecriticalrange,thusproducingtherequiredphysicalproperties.Mr.Liu:Andwhatiscriticaltemperature?Mr.Xiong:Itisthetemperatureatwhichacertainchangetakesplaceinthephysicalconditionofthesteel.Mr.Liu:Whatisthepurposeofannealing?Mr.Xiong:Itcansoftenawork-pieceandrelieveinternalstressesproducedbymachining.Mr.Liu:Thankyoufortellingmeaboutthese.Mr.Xiong:I’mgladtohavebeenofsomeservice.SceneTwo3DPrintingandCaseTask13DPrintingOverviewPracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Wang:Goodmorning,Mr.Yang.Mr.Yang:Goodmorning,Mr.Wang.Mr.Wang:Itseemsyouareverybusynow.Mr.Yang:Yes,alittle.Mr.Wang:Whatareyoudoing?Mr.Yang:Iammeasuringapart.Mr.Wang:Areallsizesofthepartcorrect?Mr.Yang:No,Ifindtheholeisbiggerthanthemaximumlimitofthesize.Mr.Wang:Canitbedoneoveragain?Mr.Yang:No.Ithasbecomeawasteproduct.Mr.Wang:Whydoesthedesignergiveatoleranceofapart.Mr.Yang:Becauseitisvirtuallyimpossibletomanufactureapartwithouterrorandthedesigneralsomustconsiderthedimensionsofmatingpartstokeeptheprecisionoffit,sothelimitedsizesofapartmustbegiven.Mr.Wang:Oh,Isee.Iamverygladtoknowthis.Thanks.Mr.Yang:You’rewelcome.Task2bigcountrycraftsmanin3DPrintingExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.MissCandy:Hello,Mr.SmithNicetomeetyou!Mr.Smith:HiMissCandy.Nicetomeetyou,too.MissCandy:Whatareyoudoing?Mr.Smith:Iampreparingforsomeexperiments.MissCandy:Iknowyourmajorisengineering.Couldyoutellmewhataboutthetransfermachine?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:Aretransfermachinecommoninworkshop?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:Howtransfermachinework?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:I’mreallyverygratefultoyou.Mr.Smith:Notatall.SceneThreeWeldingProcessandCaseTask1WeldingProcessLookatthefollowingwordswemayuseinthissceneandmatchtheEnglishandChinesemeaning.solder 焊料soldering 锡焊，软钎焊braze 铜焊brazing 铜焊（接）join 连接，结合joint 接缝，结合处bismuth 铋cadmium 镉coat 涂上coating 涂层flux 助溶剂stearine 甘油vaseline 凡士林spelter 硬钎焊料Thefollowingexpressionswemayuse,beforewefinishoffthetask,pleasemakeouttheirEnglishmeaningwiththehelpofyourteammatesordictionaryortheinternet.酸洗液 氧化膜氯化锌 纯铜烙铁硬焊料 ____________________________________________________________Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Howdowechoosethemethodofjoiningmetalarticlestogether?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whatisthefunctionofsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Whatarethemostimportantoperationsinsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsarebelongtothemethodsofjoiningmetalafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.brazed （） riveted （）soldering （） welded （）Surveyyourworkplaceandobservecarefully,andthenaskthemasterforhelpifanyproblems,writedownyourexperiencesinyourworkplace.Pleasetickouttheelementswemayaddinwhenjoiningmetaltogether.stearine （） flux （）zincchloride （） cadmium （）tin （） acidcleaner （）vaseline （） bismuth （）lead （） Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Joiningmetalarticlestogetherdependsonthetypeofmetalandthestrengthofthejointwhichisrequired. （）（2）Solderinggivesasatisfactoryjointforlightarticlesofsteel,copperorbrass. （）（3）Solderingistheprocessofjoiningtwometalsbyathirdmetaltobeappliedinthemoltenstate. （）Readthroughtheaboveinformationagainwithyourworkmatesandtrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingshortpassage.Dictatethewordsandexpressionsforeachotheramongyourroommates.Thereareanumberofmethodsofjoiningmetalarticlestogether,depending___________the___________ofmetalandthe___________ofthejointwhichisrequired.Solderinggivesasatisfactoryjointforlightarticlesofsteel,copperorbrass,butthestrengthofsolderedjointisrather___________thanajointwhichisbrazed,rivetedorwelded.Thesemethodsofjoiningmetalarenormallyadoptedforstrongpermanentjoint.Solderingistheprocessofjoiningtwometalsbya___________metaltobeappliedinthemoltenstate.Solderconsists___________tinandlead,whilebismuthandcadmiumareoftenincludedto___________themeltingpoint.Oneofthemostimportantoperationsinsolderingisthatof___________surfacestobejoined,thismaybedonebysome___________cleaner.Althoughtheoxidesareremovedbythecleaningoperation,anewoxidecoatingformsimmediatelyafter___________thuspreventsthesoldered,allowingthesoldertounitewiththesurfaceofthemetal.Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Whatisthefunctionofflux?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whatisthebestfluxforsolderingmostferrousandnonferrousmetals?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Underwhatconditiontwopartsmaybeperfectlysoldered?__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsbelongtofluxafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.zincchloride （） stearine （）vaseline （） copper （）ferrous （） disadvantagesofsolderingandbrazing.advantagesdisadvantagesReadthroughtheaboveinformationagainwithyourworkmatesandtrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingshortpassage.Dictatethewordsandexpressionsforeachotheramongyourroommates._____________isusedtoremoveandpreventoxidationofthemetalsurfacetobesoldered,allowingthe_____________toflowfreelyandunitewiththemetal.Zincchlorideisthebest_____________touseforsolderingmostferrousandnonferrousmetals,forsolderingaluminum;stearineorvaselineistobeusedas_____________.Thesolderingcopperisapieceofcopperattached_____________steelrodhavingahandle.Solderingcoppersaremade_____________differentlengths,formsandweights.The_____________ofsolderingdependstoagreatdegreeontheformandsizeofthesolderingcopper.Twopartsmaybeperfectlysolderedonlywhenthesurfacestobe_____________haveabsorbedenoughheattokeepsoldermeltedforsometime.ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethefollowingsentencesaboutsolderingandbrazingintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Fluxisusedtoremoveandpreventoxidationofthemetalsurfacetobesoldered.__________________________________________________________________________（2）Solderingcoppersaremeadindifferentlengths,formsandweights.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Insomecasesitmaybenecessarytoconnectmetalsurfacesbymeansofahardspeltersolderswhichfusesathightemperature.__________________________________________________________________________PracticespokenEnglish.John:Howdoyoudo!MynameisJohn.MissLi:Howdoyoudo!John:Arethereanyvacanciesinyourfactory?MissLi:Yes.Weneedsomenewworkers.Whatsubjectwasyourmajor?John:Imajoredinmechanicalmanufacturing,andIthinkIamgoodatoperatingmillingmachine.MissLi:Whatsortofjobdoyouliketodo?John:Iwouldliketodosolderingandbrazing.IthinkIcandomybesttoit.MissLi:Great!Whattimecanyoustarttowork?John:Anytime.MissLi:Verynice.Howmuchdoyouexpectinsalary?John:7800Yuan.MissLi:OK!Pleasefillinthisform.Ifanythingturns,I’llcontactwithyou.John:Thankyou!MissLi:You’rewelcome.Newwordsandexpressionswelearn（letthestudentscopythenewwordsandexpressionsheorshedoesn’tknowinthissceneandthendictatethemamonghis/hergroupmembers）.___________________________________________________________________________Task2bigcountrycraftsmaninWeldingGreatcraftsmanLiWanjunExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.WanYing:Goodafternoon,Mr.Chen.Mr.Chen:Goodaftenoon,WanYing.Whereareyougoing?WanYing:Iamgoingtothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.Mr.Chen:Whatkindsofbooksdoyouwanttoborrow?WanYing:Iwouldliketoborrowsomebooksofbeltdrives.Mr.Chen:Why?WanYing:Ihavebeenlearningthecourseofbeltdrives,butIhavesometroubleinlearningthebeltdrive.SoIneedsomereferencebooks.Mr.Chen:Whataretheproblems?MayIhelpyou?WanYing:Yes,whataretheadvantagesofbeltdrive?Mr.Chen:Beltdriveisakindofflexibilitytransmission,sothelocationbetweendriveranddrivenmachinerycanbeeasilyadjusted.Anotheradvantageofbeltdriveisthatitcanefficientlyreducevibrationandshocktransmission,furthermorebeltdriveisrelativelyquiet.WanYing:Itseemstobeaveryusefultransmissionmethod.Mr.Chen:Yes,youareright.WanYing:Youareverykind.Bye-bye!Mr.Chen:Bye!SceneFourPlasticProcessandCaseTask1PlasticProcessDiscusswithyourteam-matesaboutextrusion.Makethemouttrueorfalse.1.Coldextrusion,orheatedtoatemperaturewhichgivesoptimumresultsfortheconditionsapplyingandtheproductrequirements,i.e.hotorwarmextrusion.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX2.Inmostcases,themetalisintheformofasolidorhollowcylinderandismovedinacontainingtoolinthedirectioninwhichtheproductemergesfromthedieapertureFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX3.Mostmetalscanbeextrudedinonewayoranother,butobviouslysomemoreeasilythanothers.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX4.Thecommonmetalsthatcanbeextrudedatambienttemperaturesarelead,aluminium,copper,lowcarbonsteelsandafewalloysofthesemetals.Thesoftersemi-preciousmetalscanalsobeextrudedcoldifrequired.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX5.Traditionally,inhotextrusionabilletofmetalisforcedthroughashapedholeatoneendofacontainerbytheactionofarampressingfromtheotherend6.Thecontainerboreisofuniformcross-sectionandtheratioofitsareatothatoftheproductisknownastheextrusionratio7.Inthiscasetheextrudateleavesthediethroughthehollowram.Althoughthecontainerboreisnormallyrounditmayalsoberectangulartopermitextrusionofverywideproducts8.Themaintoolingcomponentsforthehotextrusionprocessatthereforethecontainer,thedieassembly,thedummyblockandthemandrel9InforwardrodandtubeextrusionthepunchdoesnotsuffermuchfromwearbutthecompressivestressesaresimilartocanextrusionpunchesFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXPleaseworkwithyourteam-matestryingtotranslatethefollowing