江苏专用02（含听力）-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（解析版）

2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷二本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）(2023届江苏省南京市第一中学高三下学期6月考试)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehaseyetrouble. B.Heisalcoholic. C.Hecaughtacold.【答案】B【原文】W:Mr.Williams,howcanIhelpyou?M:Itneverusedtotroubleme,butnowafteronlyacoupleofglasses,Istarttofeelreallyterrible.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?2.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Betterservice. B.Anothermenu. C.Aquickmeal.【答案】C【原文】W:Goodevening,sir.Hereisthemenu.Wouldyouliketoordernow?M:Yes,butI’minarush.CanIbeservedandoutofhereinhalfanhour?3.Whatdidthewomandotoday?A.Shewentshopping. B.Shedidsomesewing. C.Shehadhercarrepaired.【答案】B【原文】M:Didn’tyougoshoppingtoday?Where’sthebeeryoupromisedtobringme?W:Iplannedto,butthecarwasoutofordersoIdidsomesewinginstead.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inaphonebooth. C.Inameeting.【答案】A【原文】W:WoulditbeallrightifIleftforaminute?Ihavetomakeaphonecall.M:I’dratheryoudidn’t—thethingis,thisisaveryimportantpartofthelesson.W:Isee.OK.5.Whenwastheseminarsupposedtostart?A.OnJanuary16th. B.OnJanuary26th. C.OnJanuary27th.【答案】A【原文】M:Hello.ThisisRoyWhitelyspeakingandit’sabouttheseminarinJanuary.W:Oh,yes.Iknowtheoneyoumean.M:Well,we’refindingitdifficulttogetavenue(会场)forthe16thandIwonderifyouwouldbehappyifwechangedittothe26thor27thinstead?其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Haveaclass. B.Attendameeting. C.Takeanexam.7.Whatisthewomaninterestedin?A.Biochemistry. B.History. C.Medicine.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Excuseme.WouldyoubeabletotellmewheretheEmilyParkerHallis?I’mlookingforthebuildingwherethey’reholdingthecourseinformationconference.M:Sure!Youcanfollowme.Whatdoyouwanttostudy?W:Well,ifIgethighenoughgradesonmyschoolexams,I’mhopingtobeacceptedintothemedicalschool.ButifIdon’tmakeitintomedicine,I’llprobablydomedicalscience.Whataboutyou?M:Oh,I’minterestedinhistoryandbiochemistry.ButI’mnotsureyet.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whowasthewomanexpectingatfirst?A.Anoldfriend. B.Aguywithawhitesuit. C.Anetfriend.9.Whyisthewomanangryattheman?A.Heforgottosendherane-mail.B.Hedidn’ttellherhisrealname.C.Heansweredthequestionsincorrectly.【答案】8.C9.B【原文】W:Iwonderwhathelookslike.Oh,Ican’twaittoseehim!Hise-mailsaidhe’dbewearingawhitehat…Oh,thereheis.M:Hey,Isabelle…W:Logan!Whyonearthareyouhidinghere?Whitehat!Comeon!Don’ttellmeyou’retheguy!Itcan’tbetrue.M:…Yes,I’mtheguy.W:Yousetmeup?M:Letmeexplain.Ididn’tmeantohurtyou…W:Howdareyou!M:Hangononesecond.Hearmeout,justthisonce,Isabelle!W:Whydidyoulietomeinthee-mail?M:Ididn’tlie.Youjustdidn’taskmemyrealname.W:Ishouldhaveknownitwasyou.Nowonderallthe20questionswereansweredcorrectly.IthoughtImighthavefoundtheoneforme.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whenistherealityshowon?A.At7:00. B.At8:30. C.At9:00.11.Whywon’tthewomanwatchAvatar?A.It’stoolong. B.She’sseenitmanytimes. C.Muchactionisinvolvedinit.12.Whatisthehomeimprovementshowabout?A.Cleaningthehouse. B.Decoratingthebathroom. C.Fixingthingsaroundthehouse.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【原文】M:So,whatdoyouwanttowatchonTVtonight?W:What’son?M:Well,thereisarealityshowat7:00onChannel5.W:Idon’tlikerealityshows.Theyusuallyshowpeopledoingcrazythingslikeeatinglivefishorswimminginapoolfullofsnakes.I’mnotintothatweirdstuff.What’sworse,they’retoolong.M:OK.Well,howaboutwatchingAnimalWorldonChannel7at8:30?W:Personally,I’dratherwatchmovieswithalittlebitmoreaction.M:DoyouwanttowatchAvatar?W:No,I’veseenitamilliontimes.I’dliketoseesomethingdifferent.M:OK,howaboutthis?OnChannel2at9:00,there’sahomeimprovementshowaboutfixinganythingaroundthehouse.Wedohaveafewthingsthatyoucouldrepairinthebathroom…W:Fixingthings?Uh,boy,I’mtired.IthinkI’mgoingtosleep.Goodnight.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theman’swife. B.Theman’sneighbor. C.Theman’slandlady.14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofLeoNorris?A.Lazy. B.Competitive. C.Amusing.15.WhendoesLeoNorriswanttomovein?A.OnSeptember28th. B.OnSeptember30th. C.OnOctober1st.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanlikescyclingverymuch.B.Thewomannevergetsupuntilnoononweekends.C.LeoNorrismadeagoodimpressiononthewoman.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.C【原文】M:Didanyonephoneaboutseeingthespareroom?W:Yeah,LeoNorris,auniversitystudent.M:Right.Whatdidhesoundlike?W:Well,actuallyhewasreallyfunny.Icouldn’tstoplaughingwhenIwastalkingtohim.Hesaidhewasverylazyandnevergotupuntilnoononweekends.ButactuallyIsuspectedhewasjoking.He’scertainlynotcompetitiveorstressed,buthelikescyclingandthingslikethat.Anyway,Ithoughthesoundedasifhe’dfitin.M:Anddoeshewanttomoveinstraightaway?Theroomneedssortingout.W:Well,he’spaidhisrentforhispresentplaceuptothe30thofSeptember,buthesaidthatifpossiblehe’dliketomoveinabitbeforethen—hesaidthe28thofSeptember.Oh,I’vetoldhimwewouldtaketheroombackwhenwehadourbabyandhesaidthat’snoproblem.M:That’sgreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Anewkindofhostel.B.Thedevelopmentofhostels.C.Thereasonsforthepopularityofhostel.18.Bywhomwerehostelsmostlyusedyearsago?A.Hikers. B.Businesstravelers. C.Oldertourists.19.Howdidtheeconomiccrisisinfluencehostels?A.Itbroughtdowntheprice. B.Itincreasedthebusiness. C.Itpromotedbetterservice.20.Whatdothespeakerssayaboutmodernhostels?A.Theirservicesarevarious.B.Mostofthemareinthecountryside.C.Theyprovidefreebikesforthecustomers.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.A其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2023届江苏省苏北四市（徐州连云港宿迁淮安）高三上学期第一次调研测试)Madrid’sIncredibleMuseumsCaixaForumCaixaForumisamuseumandculturalcenterthatoccupiesanoldpowerplant.Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.Insidearefourfloorsofpaintings,photos,andmultimediaexhibitions,aswellasworkshopsandatheater-auditorium.Evenifyoudon’tenteranyexhibitions,it’sworthstoppingbytoadmirethebuilding’sstrikingouterandinnerarchitecture.Hours:10:00AMto8:00PMdailyFreeadmission:May15,18,andNovember9MuseoSorollaThissmallartgalleryisdedicatedtotheImpressionistpainterJoaquínSorolla(1863-1923).Thegalleryisinhisformerhomeandstudio,andthey’vepreservedtheoriginalatmospherewellsoyougetafeelforwhatitwaslikewhenhewaslivingandworkingthere.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto8:00PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseodelRomanticismoThissmallmuseumfocusesonthehistoryanddailylifeoftheRomanticperiod.ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto6:30PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaTheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.In1992,itwasconvertedintoapublicmuseum.Ithasagreatvarietyofartists,styles,andtimeperiods.Hours:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM,TuesdaytoSundayfrom10:00AMto7:00PMFreeadmission:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM21.WhatisspecialaboutCaixaForum?A.Itsroomdisplays. B.Itshistoricexhibits.C.Itsstrikingstructure. D.Itsoriginalatmosphere.22.WhencanwevisitMuscoSorollaforfree?A.9:30a.m.Sunday. B.2:30p.m.Saturday.C.6:00p.m.Tuesday. D.10:00a.m.Monday.23.WhatcanbeseeninbothMuseoThyssen-BomnemiszaandMuseodelRomanticismo?A.Paintings. B.Carpets.C.Jewelry. D.Furniture.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马德里几个令人赞美的博物馆。21细节理解题。依据CaixaForum中的“Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.(从外面看，这座建筑好像是漂移的，一面墙上有一个垂直花园，有15000种植物生长。)”可知，CaixaForum特殊之处在于它惊人的结构。故选C。22细节理解题。依据MuseoSorolla中的“Freeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundays(免费入场：星期六下午2:00后及星期日)”可知，周六下午2:30可以免费参观MuseoSorolla。故选B。23细节理解题。依据MuseodelRomanticismo中的“ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.(博物馆用当时的家具、地毯、珠宝、绘画和其他古董在房间里再现了浪漫的氛围。)”和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza中的“TheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.(蒂森博物馆最初是蒂森家族的私人保藏，保藏了七个世纪的欧洲绘画作品，被认为是上世纪最重要的保藏之一。)”可知，MuseodelRomanticismo和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza都能看到绘画。故选A。B(2023届江苏南京师范高校附属中学高三一模)Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere’ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(独处),“Beingalonedoesn’tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely”.Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn’ttheonlyplacewhereyou’llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge—thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn’tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.24.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude. B.Peopletendtosocializemorenowadays.C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely. D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?A.Imaginativeandwild. B.Responsibleandenergetic.C.Optimisticanddutiful. D.Outgoingandsociable.26.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace.D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.27.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEssenceofSelf-care B.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourselfC.TheFunctionsofDifferentCultures D.ThePerspectivesonSolitude【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述了不同文化对独处的不同看法。24推理推断题。依据第一段中“Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.(社会告知我们，我们应当充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最欢快的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。)”可知，如今我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面还是通过手机屏幕和社交网络；由此可推知，如今的人们更倾向于社交。故选B项。25推理推断题。依据其次段中的“IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.(假如你住在美国或曾在美国生活过一段时间，你可能会意识到美国人倾向于拒绝独处。对很多年轻人来说，周末布满了社交活动，从和伴侣吃早午餐到晚宴，从玩耍之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。)”可知，美国的年轻人周末布满了社交活动。由此可推知，美国的年轻人都比较好社交。故选D项。26推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtoaroundcommunity.(中国也很宠爱多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的很多方面都与四周的社区有关。)”可知，大多数中国人更宠爱住在一起的缘由是中国这种集体主义文化。故选A项。27主旨大意题。依据文章其次段首句“Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.(在世界各地，不同的文化对独处的意义有着不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化对独处有着不同的看法；文章其次、三、四段分别谈到了美国、英国、印度和中国等国家的人对独处的看法。由此可知，本文主要谈到了不同国家对独处的看法。D项“ThePerspectivesonSolitude(对独处的看法)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。C(2022-2023学年江苏省南京市高三下学期1月六校联合调研测试)Thewordlisten,asisshowninLongmanDictionary,meanspayingattentiontowhatsomeoneissayingortoasoundthatyoucanhear.Listeningisdefinitelyanimportantskillincommunication.“Whenpeopletalk,listencompletely.”ThosewordsofErnestHemingwaymightbeaprettygoodguidingprincipleformanymanagers.Afterall,peoplelikebeinglistenedto.Somefirmsuseatechniqueknownasa“listeningcircle”.Insuchacircle,onlyonepersoncantalkabouttheissuestheyfaceatatimeandthereisnointerruption.AstudycitedintheHarvardBusinessReviewfoundthatemployeeswhohadtakenpartinalisteningcirclesubsequentlysufferedlesssocialanxietyandhadfewerworriesaboutwork-relatedmattersthanthosewhodidnot.ListeninghasbeencriticaltothecareerofRichardMullender,whowasahostage(人质)negotiator,dealingwitheverythingfromsuicideinterventionstointernationalkidnaps(绑架).Hedefineslisteningas“theidentification,selectionandinterpretationofthekeywords”.Itiscrucialtoalleffectivecommunication.Plentyofpeoplethinkthatgoodlisteningisaboutnoddingyourheadorkeepingeyecontact.Butthatisnotreallylistening,MrMullenderargues.Agoodlistenerisalwayslookingforfacts,emotionsandindicationsoftheotherperson’svalues.Anotherimportantpointtobearinmindisthat,whenyoutalk,youarenotlistening.Thelistener’sfocusshouldbeonanalysis.Ofcourse,alistenerneedstospeakoccasionally.Oneapproachistomakeanassessmentofwhattheotherpersonistellingyouandthencheckitwiththem.Forexample,youcancheckwiththeotherpersonbysaying“Itseemstomethatwhatyouwantis…”.Thatgivestheotherpartyasensethattheyarebeingunderstood.Thefundamentalaimistobuilduparelationshipsotheotherpersonlikesyouandtrustsyou,MrMullendersays.28.Whatcanwelearnabouta“listeningcircle”?A.Alisteningcirclefocusesonpersonalissues.B.Inalisteningcircle,aspeakerwon’tbeinterrupted.C.Alisteningcircleincreasesworriesaboutwork-relatedmatters.D.Employeesgetridofsocialanxietybytakingpartinalisteningcircle.29.What’sMrMullender’sattitudetospeakingoccasionallywhenlistening?A.Critical. B.Opposed. C.Cautious. D.Favorable.30.Whyshouldwebegoodlisteners?A.Tobelikedandtrustedbytheotherperson.B.Tocheckourassessmentswiththeotherperson.C.Tomakeassessmentsofwhattheotherpersonissaying.D.Tohaveasenseofbeingunderstoodbytheotherperson.31.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheAnalysisofaListeningCircle B.TheTricksofSuccessfulListeningC.TheMisunderstandingofListening D.TheNecessityofEffectiveListening【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成功倾听的秘诀。28细节理解题。依据其次段“Somefirmsuseatechniqueknownasa“listeningcircle”.Insuchacircle,onlyonepersoncantalkabouttheissuestheyfaceatatimeandthereisnointerruption.(一些公司使用一种被称为“倾听圈”的技术。在这样的圈子里，一次只有一个人可以谈论他们面临的问题，而且没有中断)”可知，在“倾听圈”中，说话者不会被打断。故选B项。29推理推断题。依据最终一段“Ofcourse,alistenerneedstospeakoccasionally.Oneapproachistomakeanassessmentofwhattheotherpersonistellingyouandthencheckitwiththem.Forexample,youcancheckwiththeotherpersonbysaying“Itseemstomethatwhatyouwantis…”.Thatgivestheotherpartyasensethattheyarebeingunderstood.(当然，倾听者需要间或说话。一种方法是对对方告知你的内容进行评估，然后与他们核对。例如，你可以通过说“在我看来，你想要的是……”来与对方核实。这给对方一种他们被理解的感觉)”可知，对于倾听时间或说话，Mullender先生的态度是支持的。故选D项。30细节理解题。依据最终一段“Thefundamentalaimistobuilduparelationshipsotheotherpersonlikesyouandtrustsyou,MrMullendersays.(Mullender先生说，基本目标是建立一种关系，让对方宠爱你并信任你)”可知，我们要成为好的倾听者，是为了被对方宠爱和信任。故选A项。31主旨大意题。依据第一段“Listeningisdefinitelyanimportantskillincommunication.“Whenpeopletalk,listencompletely.”ThosewordsofErnestHemingwaymightbeaprettygoodguidingprincipleformanymanagers.(倾听无疑是沟通中的一项重要技能。“当人们说话时，要认真倾听。”欧内斯特·海明威的这些话可能是很多管理者的一个很好的指导原则)”、倒数其次段“Agoodlistenerisalwayslookingforfacts,emotionsandindicationsoftheotherperson’svalues.(一个好的倾听者总是在查找事实、心情和他人价值观的迹象)”以及最终一段“Ofcourse,alistenerneedstospeakoccasionally.(当然，倾听者需要间或说话)”可知，本文主要介绍了成功倾听的秘诀，所以“成功倾听的秘诀”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。D（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）Arguably,thebiggestsciencedevelopmentoftheyeartodatehasbeentheimagesoftheverydepthsoftheuniversetakenbytheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST).Thoseimagesbegacomparisonbetweentheexternalandinternaluniversesthatscienceisbentonobservingandunderstanding.Decadesago,astrophysicistCarlSaganfamouslysaid,“Theuniverseisalsowithinis.We’remadeofstar-stuff.Weareawayfortheuniversetoknowitself.”Hewascommentingthenontherealitythatourinternaluniversewasascomplexandasfantasticastheouterspace.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweentheprogresswe’vemadeinunderstandingtheuniverseandinpiecingtogetherlife’sinnerworkings.LikethetechnologicaldevelopmentsthattookusfromGalileo’stelescopetotheHubbletotheJWST,lifesciencetoolshavealsoimprovedrapidly.Fromearlylightmicroscopestomodernsuper-resolutionones,thesedevelopmentshaveaffordedresearchersadeeplookintobiology’sinfinitesimal(无限小的)landscape.Learningthatlivingthingswerecomposedofcellswas,notaterriblylongtimeago,arevolutionaryobservation.Sincethen,scientistshavebeenabletodiveeverdeeperintothecomponentsoflife.Goingbeyondmerelyobservingthecomplicatedmakeupoforganisms,lifescientistscannowdiscovertheworkingsofmolecules(分子).Andthatiswherescanningtheuniversediffersfrompeeringintobiology.Understandingtheuniverse,especiallyfromafunctionalstandpoint,isnotnecessarilyanimmediateurgency.Understandingbiologyonthatlevelis.Simplyobservingtheamazinginternalstructureofcellsisnotenough.Biologistsmustalsocharacterizehowallthosepartsinteractandchangeindifferentenvironmentsandwhenfacedwithvariouschallenges.Beingabletoimageavirusorbacteriumisniceatthelevelofbasicscience.Butknowinghowvirusesgainentryintocellsandspread,infect,anddisablecanliterallysavelives.Throughtime,biologyhasrisentothismechanisticchallenge.Notonlycanlifesciencetoolsproduceimagesofcellcomponents,evenmoreimportantly,theycanhelppredicttheeffectsofdrugsonreceptors,ofimmunecellsonforeigninvaders(入侵者),andofgeneticperturbations(基因干扰)ondevelopmentandaging.Thisisnottobelittletheworkofscientistsresearchingintouniverse.Theyshouldrightlybepraisedfordeliveringviewsofimpossiblydistant,impossiblymassivephenomena.Myaimistocelebratetheseaccomplishmentswhileatthesametimerecognizingthatscience’sinwardsearchfordetailandinsightisequallyimpressiveand,inmyview,moreurgent.Theoutputofboththeoutwardandinwardexplorationsshouldstimulatewonderineveryone.Afterall,it’sallstar-stuff.32.WhydoestheauthorquoteCarlSagan’scommentinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethebackground. B.Toproveanassumption.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Topresentanidea.33.Likethestudyoftheuniverse,lifesciencehasbeenadvancingin________.A.studyapproaches B.systemmanagementC.researchfacilities D.technologyintegration34.WecaninferfromParagraph4thatbiologists’workis________.A.practical B.risky C.flexible D.popular35.Asforlifescience,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Ithasreceiveduniversalrecognition. B.Itshouldenjoypriorityindevelopment.C.Itcanbeappliedinthemajorityofareas. D.Itismorecomplicatedthanspacescience.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述生命科学像宇宙一样简单，随着生命科学工具的快速改进，科学家们就能够更深化地争辩生命的组成部分并且取得很大的成就，并且作者认为应优先进展生命科学。32推理推断题。依据其次段“Decadesago,astrophysicistCarlSaganfamouslysaid,“Theuniverseisalsowithinis.We’remadeofstar-stuff.Weareawayfortheuniversetoknowitself.”Hewascommentingthenontherealitythatourinternaluniversewasascomplexandasfantasticastheouterspace.(几十年前，天体物理学家卡尔·萨根说过一句名言：“宇宙也在身体之内。”我们是由恒星组成的。我们是宇宙生疏自己的一种方式。他当时的评论是，我们的内部宇宙和外太空一样简单、一样奇异。)”可知他提出我们的身体像宇宙一样简单和奇异，这是一个想法，故选D。33细节理解题。依据第三段“LikethetechnologicaldevelopmentsthattookusfromGalileo’stelescopetotheHubbletotheJWST,lifesciencetoolshavealsoimprovedrapidly.Fromearlylightmicroscopestomodernsuper-resolutionones,thesedevelopmentshaveaffordedresearchersadeeplookintobiology’sinfinitesimal(无限小的)landscape.(就像从伽利略望远镜到哈勃望远镜再到JWST的技术进展一样，生命科学工具也在快速改进。从早期的光学显微镜到现代的超辨别率显微镜，这些进展使争辩人员能够深化观看生物学的微小景观。)”可知就像对宇宙的争辩一样，生命科学的争辩设施也在不断进展，故选C。34推理推断题。依据第四段“Biologistsmustalsocharacterizehowallthosepartsinteractandchangeindifferentenvironmentsandwhenfacedwithvariouschallenges.Beingabletoimageavirusorbacteriumisniceatthelevelofbasicscience.Butknowinghowvirusesgainentryintocellsandspread,infect,anddisablecanliterallysavelives.Throughtime,biologyhasrisentothismechanisticchallenge.Notonlycanlifesciencetoolsproduceimagesofcellcomponents,evenmoreimportantly,theycanhelppredicttheeffectsofdrugsonreceptors,ofimmunecellsonforeigninvaders(入侵者),andofgeneticperturbations(基因干扰)ondevelopmentandaging.(生物学家还必需描述全部这些部分在不同环境和面临各种挑战时是如何相互作用和变化的。能够对病毒或细菌进行成像在基础科学层面上是很好的。但了解病毒如何进入细胞并传播、感染和致残的确可以挽救生命。随着时间的推移，生物学已经上升到这个机械的挑战。生命科学工具不仅可以生成细胞成分的图像，更重要的是，它们可以挂念猜测药物对受体的影响，免疫细胞对外来入侵者的影响，以及基因扰动对发育和年轻的影响。)”可推想生物学家的工作是很有用的，故选A。35推理推断题。依据最终一段“Myaimistocelebratetheseaccomplishmentswhileatthesametimerecognizingthatscience’sinwardsearchfordetailandinsightisequallyimpressiveand,inmyview,moreurgent.(我的目的是庆祝这些成就，同时生疏到科学对细节和洞察力的内在探究同样令人印象深刻，在我看来，更加紧迫。)”可知作者认为生命科学要优先进展，故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2023届江苏省苏北四市一调试题）Manypeopleleadbusylivesandthinktheybarelyhavetimetoworkouteveryday.____36____Theyareshortworkoutsthatofteninvolvehigh-intensity(高强度的)exercises.Hereweexploresomereasonstodomicroworkouts.RequireLessofaTimeCommitmentCommittingtoexercisingforacertainamountoftimeperweekcanbedifficult,especiallywhenyoudonothavethetimeormotivationtoworkoutforanextendedperiod.Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.Manypeoplespendmuchlongerscrollingthroughsocialmediaeachday.____37____MakeSchedulingWorkoutsEasierItcanbechallengingtocommitthetimeneededtoexerciseeveryday,butitcanalsobehardtofitaworkoutintoatightschedule.However,astudysuggeststhatitmaybepossible.____38____Forexample,walkingyourdog,usingthestairs,parkingfartherawayfromadestination,orwalkingduringyourlunchbreakareallwaysyoucantry.NeedNoEquipmentInvestinginexpensivehomegymequipmentcanbearealburden.Whenyoudecidetodomicroworkouts,though,youdon’tneedabunchofequipment.____39____Forexample,youmaychoosetodostepsonyourstairs,runonthespot,orevendosomestarjumps.Sinceyoucanchoosewhattypeofworkoutyou’dprefertodo,itmeansthatyoucanexercisewheneveryouplease.____40____Nowthatyouknowallaboutmicroworkouts,youcanaddthemtoyourday.Getascreativeasyoupleaseandthinkaboutthetypesofmovementsthatsuityou.Youneverknow-itmightjustboostyourhealthandwellness.A．Readytogetmoving?B．Youjustfititintoyourroutine.C．Fitnessshouldbesimpleandconvenient.D．Soitshouldbearelativelyeasytimecommitment.E．Ifyoufeelthisway,youmaybeinterestedinmicroworkouts.F．Canmicroworkoutsgivethesamebenefitsaslongerworkoutsessions?G．Instead,youcanusethingsaroundyourhometoempoweryourworkout.【答案】36．E

37．D

38．B

39．G

40．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微熬炼的一些相关学问。36．上文“Manypeopleleadbusylivesandthinktheybarelyhavetimetoworkouteveryday.(很多人过着劳碌的生活，认为自己每天几乎没有时间熬炼。)”提到了没时间熬炼这一问题，下文“Theyareshortworkoutsthatofteninvolvehigh-intensity(高强度的)exercises.(它们是短时间的熬炼，通常包括高强度的熬炼。)”提到了短时间熬炼，选项E中上半句Ifyoufeelthisway承接上文内，下半句中microworkouts是关键词，引起下文内容，所以E选项“假如你有这种感觉，你可能会对微熬炼感爱好。”承上启下，符合题意。故选E项。37．上文“Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.Manypeoplespendmuchlongerscrollingthroughsocialmediaeachday.(微熬炼是不错的选择。它们只占用你每天10到30分钟的时间。很多人每天花更长的时间扫瞄社交媒体。)”提到了微熬炼的时间问题和扫瞄社交媒体的问题，选项D中easy是关键词，与上文构成因果关系，所以D选项“所以这应当是一个相对简洁的时间投入。”符合题意。故选D项。38．下文“Forexample,walkingyourdog,usingthestairs,parkingfartherawayfrom